12 Amendments of Paul TANG related to 2020/2022(INI)
Amendment 27 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
Ca. whereas the use of personal data for the purposes of individual profiling, and its subsequent repurposing, even when seemingly innocuous data is collected from the digital traces of individuals, can be mined in a way that can generate insights that can enable very intimate personal information to be inferred at a very high level of accuracy, especially when these data are merged with other data sets;
Amendment 87 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 b (new)
Paragraph 1 b (new)
1b. Paragraph -1a. Notes how the current digital ecosystem encourages also problematic behaviour, such as hate speech and disinformation; is concerned how promoting controversial content has become the key to the targeted advertisement-based business models, where sensational and polarising content maximises the screen time of users, generating more profiling data, more advertising hours, and therefore more profits; underlines how this type of a business model can have very intrusive and negative effects, not only on individuals and their fundamental rights, but societies as a whole;
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Believes in the clear economic benefits of a functioning digital single market for the EU and its Member States; stresses the important obligation to ensure a fair digital ecosystem in which fundamental rights and data protection are respected; calls for a minimum level of intervention based on the principles of necessity and proportionality; Emphasises that the rapid development of digital services requires a strong futureproof legislative framework to protect personal data and privacy; Stresses therefore in this regard that all digital services need to fully respect Union data protection law, namely Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council (GDPR)1a and Directive (EC) 2002/58 of the European Parliament and of the Council (ePrivacy1a currently under revision, the freedom of expression and non- discrimination; _________________ 1aRegulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 1). Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications) (OJ L 201, 31.7.2002, p. 37).1a Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 1). Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications) (OJ L 201, 31.7.2002, p. 37).
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 a (new)
Paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. Underlines that digital services and their underlying algorithms need to fully respect fundamental rights, especially privacy, the protection of personal data, non-discrimination and the freedom of expression and information, as enshrined in the Treaties and the Charter of Fundamental rights of the European Union; Calls therefore on the Commission to implement an obligation of transparency and explainability of algorithms, penalties to enforce such obligations, and the possibility of human intervention, as well as other measures, such as independent audits and specific stress tests to assist and enforce compliance; believes that such independent audits should be conducted annually, in analogy with the financial sector, to examine whether the used data policy, algorithms and checks and balances are in accordance with specified criteria and are supervised by an independent sufficient overseeing authority;
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 b (new)
Paragraph 2 b (new)
2b. Notes that digital services use advanced algorithms, which analyse or predict aspects concerning the user’s personal preferences, interests or behaviour, for profiling; Emphasises that the quality of output of automated decision making algorithms is subject to the quality of used data and the chosen predetermined parameters; Stresses that the use of automated decision making algorithms requires a strong legislative framework which protects privacy and personal data, and together with a duty of care obligation overseeing the legitimate use of the algorithms, that does not apply to content moderation, ensures full compliance; Calls therefore on the Commission to work out a duty of care regime, which has its basis in the e- Commerce Directive, through detailed sectoral guidelines in order to use automated decision making algorithms in compliance with the fundamental rights of protection of personal data and privacy, laid down in the General Data Protection Regulation;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 c (new)
Paragraph 2 c (new)
2c. Emphasises that there are certain differences still between online and offline worlds, for instance, in terms of anonymity, the absence of a governing entity, between the balances of power and technical capabilities; Calls therefore on the Commission to let the principles of human dignity and 'what is illegal offline is illegal online' prevail in its DSA- proposal and to introduce in the DSA the concept of digital dignity, which builds upon these principles and embodies the fundamental rights of individuals;
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 b (new)
Paragraph 24 b (new)
24b. Notes the potential negative impact of personalised advertising, in particular micro-targeted and behavioural advertisements, and of assessments of individuals, especially minors, by interfering in the private life of individuals, posing questions as to the collection and use of the data used to personalise advertising, offering products or services or setting prices; Calls therefore on the Commission to introduce a phase-out prohibition on personalised advertisements, starting with minors, and a prohibition on the use of discriminatory practices for the provision of services or products;
Amendment 205 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 a (new)
Paragraph 15 a (new)
15a. Highlights how the personalisation of informational environments that data- driven profiling makes possible brings with it new capacities to manipulate individuals in subtle, yet highly effective ways; underlines that when the profiling is deployed at scale for political micro targeting to manipulate voting behaviour, it can seriously undermine the foundations of democracy; therefore expects the Commission to provide guidelines on the use of such persuasive digital technologies in electoral campaigns and political advertising policy;
Amendment 208 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 b (new)
Paragraph 15 b (new)
15b. Is concerned of platforms and services that deliberately lock in their users onto that specific platform, thus amplifying their dominant market power and their ability to profile their users even more thoroughly, creating extremely invasive and revealing profiles of their users; calls therefore on the Commission to guarantee the interoperability of digital services; considers in this regard the application programming interfaces (APIs), enabling a user to interconnect between platforms and to import content moderation rules on the content they view on a platform, to be useful tools in bringing true interoperability to users and thus increasing their options to choose between different kinds of recommendation systems and services;
Amendment 210 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 c (new)
Paragraph 15 c (new)
15c. Notes that policies for monetisation of content affect what kind of content is seen by users and therefore finally also what kind of content will be uploaded by users; calls therefore for online content hosting platforms to be required to have transparent, non- discriminatory content demonetisation policies in order to guarantee fully the right to freedom of expression online;
Amendment 266 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 a (new)
Paragraph 24 a (new)
24a. Recommends the Commission to create a verification system for users of digital services, in order to ensure the protection of personal data and age verification, especially for minors, which shall not be used to track the users cross- site nor used commercially;
Amendment 267 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 c (new)
Paragraph 24 c (new)
24c. Notes unnecessary collection of personal data by digital services at the point of registration for a service, such as date and place of birth, cell phone number and postal address, often caused by the use of single-sign in possibilities; Underlines that the GDPR clearly describes the data minimisation principle, thereby limiting the collected data to only that strictly necessary for the purpose; Asks therefore the Commission to create a single European sign-in system and to introduce an obligation to always also offer a manual sign-in option;