Activities of Petros KOKKALIS related to 2022/0347(COD)
Plenary speeches (1)
Ambient air quality and cleaner air for Europe (debate)
Amendments (96)
Amendment 193 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3 a (new)
Recital 3 a (new)
Amendment 199 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 4
Recital 4
(4) The Zero Pollution Action Plan also sets out a vision for the year 2050, where air pollution is reduced to levels no longer considered harmful to health and natural ecosystems. To this end, a staged approach towards setting current and future EU air quality standards should be pursued, establishing intermediate air quality standards for the year 2030 and beyond, and developing a perspective forin full alignment with the most up-to-date WHO Air Quality Guidelines to attain the zero pollution objective by the year 2050 at the latest based on a regular review mechanism to take into account the latest scientific understandingevidence. Given the links between pollution reduction and decarbonisation, the long-term objective to achieve the zero pollution ambition should be pursued hand in hand with reduction of greenhouse gas emissions as set by Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council42. _________________ 42 Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 June 2021 establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending Regulations (EC) No 401/2009 and (EU) 2018/1999 (‘European Climate Law’) (OJ L 243, 9.7.2021, p. 1–17).
Amendment 206 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 5
Recital 5
(5) In taking the relevant measures at Union and national level to achieve the zero pollution objective for air pollution, Member States, the European Parliament, the Council and the Commission should be guided by the ‘precautionary principle’ and, the ‘polluter pays principle’, and the ‘rectification at source principle’ established in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and the ‘do no harm’ principle of the European Green Deal. They should, inter alia, take into account: the contribution of improved air quality to public health, the quality of the environment, the well-being of citizens, the prosperity of society, employment, the achievement of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their 169 targets, and the competitiveness of the economy; the energy transition, strengthened energy security and the tackling of energy poverty; food security and affordability; the development of sustainable and smart mobility and transport solutions; the impact of behavioural changes; fairness and solidarity across and within Member States, in light of their economic capability, national circumstances, such as the specificities of islands, and the need for convergence over time; the need to make the transition just and socially fair through appropriate education and training programmes; best available and most recent scientific evidence, in particular the findings reported by the WHO; the need to integrate air pollution related risks into investment and planning decisions; cost- effectiveness and technological neutrality in achieving air pollutant emission reductions; and progression over time in environmental integrity and level of ambition.
Amendment 215 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 6 a (new)
Recital 6 a (new)
(6 a) A holistic approach to combating air pollution should aim, inter alia, at creating green spaces and pedestrian areas in cities, at promoting a modal shift from private vehicles towards active mobility such as the use of bicycles and less polluting modes of transport, including by extending cycle paths in city centres and surrounding areas, as well as at promoting cleaner and free public transport.
Amendment 217 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) The Commission should regularly review the scientific evidence related to pollutants, their effects on human health and the environment and technological development. To this end, the Commission should closely follow, inter alia, new developments in the World Health Organization's (WHO) global air quality guidelines (AQG). Based on the review, the Commission should assess whether applicable air quality standards are still appropriate to achieve the objectives of this Directive. The first review should be carried out by 31/12/2028 to assess whether air quality standards need to be updated based on the latest scientific information.
Amendment 225 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 11
Recital 11
(11) It is important that pollutants of emerging concern, such as ultrafine particles, black carbon and elemental carbon, as well as ammonia and the oxidative potential of particulate matter, be monitored in order to support scientific understanding of their effects on health and the environment, as recommended by the WHO. The Commission should continue to monitor the scientific developments regarding pollutants not covered by this Regulation, including levoglucosan, and assess the need to extend the current provisions to these pollutants in order to limit their possible effects on human health or their role as precursors of secondary pollutants.
Amendment 237 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 15
Recital 15
(15) In order to protect human health and the environment as a whole, it is particularly important to combat emissions of pollutants at source and to identify and implement the most effective emission reduction measures at local, national and Union level , in particular when it comes to emissions from agriculture, industries, transport, heating and cooling systems and energy generation . Therefore, emissions of harmful air pollutants should be avoided, prevented or reduced and appropriate standards set for ambient air quality taking into account relevant World Health Organization standards, guidelines and programmes.
Amendment 248 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 19
Recital 19
(19) The Fitness Check of the Ambient Air Quality Directives (Directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC)45has shown that limit values are more effective in bringing down pollutant concentrations than target values. With the aim of minimising harmful effects on human health, paying particular attention to vulnerable groups and sensitive populations, and the environment limit values should be set for the concentration of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, ozone,lead, benzene, carbon monoxide, arsenic, cadmium, nickel and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air . Those limit values should be regularly updated in line with the most up-to-date WHO air quality guidelines. Benzo(a)pyrene should be used as a marker for the carcinogenic risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air. _________________ 45 Fitness check of the Ambient Air Quality Directives of 28 November 2019 (SWD(2019) 427 final).
Amendment 254 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 21
Recital 21
(21) Ozone is a transboundary pollutant formed in the atmosphere from the emission of primary pollutants addressed by Directive 2016/2284/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council46. Progress towards the air quality targets and long-term objectiveslimit valuefor ozone set in this Directive should be determined by the targets and emission reduction commitments provided for in Directive 2016/2284/EU and, by implementing cost- effectiverobustmeasures and air quality plans . _________________ 46 Directive (EU) 2016/2284/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, amending Directive 2003/35/EC and repealing Directive 2001/81/EC (OJ L 344, 17.12.2016, p.1).
Amendment 256 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 22
Recital 22
(22) The ozone target values and long- term objectivesIn light of the most recent recommendations of the World Health Organization, a limit value for ozone should be introduced under this Directive with the aim of of ensuring effective protection against harmful effects on human health and vegetation and ecosystems from exposure to ozone should be updated in light of the most recent recommendations of the World Health Organization .
Amendment 262 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 25
Recital 25
(25) Air quality status should be maintained where it is already good, or improved. Where the standards for ambient air quality laid down in this Directive are at risk of not being met, or have not been met, Member States should take immediate action in order to comply with the limit values , average exposure reduction obligations and critical levels, and where possible, to attain the ozone target values and long-term objectives.
Amendment 267 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 29 a (new)
Recital 29 a (new)
(29 a) Systematic monitoring of air quality in the vicinity of airports and ports should be carried out throughout the EU in order to improve the understanding of the impact of air and waterborne transport on air pollution, and to take appropriate measures to minimise their impact on human health. To this end, this Directive should also require Member States to install sampling points in the vicinity of ports and airports.
Amendment 268 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 30
Recital 30
Amendment 272 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 31
Recital 31
(31) Air quality plans should be developed and updated for zones within which concentrations of pollutants in ambient air exceed the relevant air quality limit values , ozone target values or average exposure reduction obligations . Air pollutants are emitted from many different sources and activities. To ensure coherence between different policies, such air quality plans should where feasible be consistent with plans and programmes prepared pursuant to Directive 2010/75/EU 2001/80/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council48, Directive (EU) 2016/2284, and Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council49. _________________ 48 Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (OJ L 334, 17.12.2010, p. 17). 49 Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 June 2002 relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise (OJ L 189, 18.7.2002, p. 12.).
Amendment 278 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 32
Recital 32
(32) Air quality plans should also be prepared ahead of 2030 where there is a risk that Member States will not attain the limit values or ozone target value by that date in order toby Member States to set the measures necessary to attain the limit values set out in this Directive and thus ensure that levels of pollutants are reduced accordingly.
Amendment 279 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 33
Recital 33
(33) Action plans should be drawn up indicating the measures to be taken in the short term where there is a risk of an exceedance of one or more alert thresholds in order to reduce that risk and to limit its duration. When the risk applies to one or more limit values or target values, Member States may, where appropriate, draw up such short- term action plans.
Amendment 283 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 34
Recital 34
(34) Member States should cooperate with one another if, following significant pollution originating in another Member State, the level of a pollutant exceeds, or is likely to exceed, any limit value, ozone target value, average exposure reduction obligation or alert threshold. The transboundary nature of specific pollutants, such as ozone and particulate matter, may require coordination between neighbouring Member States in drawing up and implementing air quality plans and short- term action plans and in informing the public. Where appropriate, Member States should pursue cooperation with third countries, with particular emphasis on the early involvement of candidate countries. The Commission should be timely informed of and invited to assist in any such cooperation.
Amendment 288 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 35 a (new)
Recital 35 a (new)
(35 a) To increase transparency and accountability and facilitate access to justice for citizens and the action to be taken against the competent authorities responsible for the development and implementation of air quality plans when they fail to keep the level of pollutants below the respective limit values, it should be feasible for citizens to easily access information on the competent authority operating each sampling point accross the EU.
Amendment 292 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 40 a (new)
Recital 40 a (new)
(40 a) This Directive, directly or indirectly, contributes to the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs), in particular SGDs 3, 7, 10, 11, and 13.
Amendment 300 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 1
Article 1 – paragraph 1
1. This Directive sets out a zero pollution objective for air quality, so that within the Union air quality is progressiveurgently improved to levels no longer considered harmful to human health and, natural ecosystems, and biodiversity as defined by scientific evidence, thus contributing to a toxic-free environment as soon as possible and at the latest by 2050.
Amendment 316 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – paragraph 2
Article 1 – paragraph 2
2. This Directive sets intermediate limit values, targelimit values, average exposure reduction obligations, average exposure concentration objectives, critical levels, information thresholds, alert thresholds and long-term objectives (‘air quality standards’) to be met by the year 2030, and regularly reviewed thereafter in accordance with Article 3.
Amendment 347 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 2
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 2
In order to achieve the objectives set in Article 1, the review shall assess whether this Directive needs to be revised with a view to ensuring full and continuous alignment with the most up-to-date World Health Organization (WHO) Air Quality Guidelines and the latest scientific information.
Amendment 353 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3 – point a
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3 – point a
(a) latest scientific information from WHO and other relevant scientific organisations on health and environmental effects, health inequalities, direct and indirect healthcare costs associated with air pollution, and environmental costs due to damage to ecosystems,
Amendment 382 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 4
Article 3 – paragraph 4
4. Where the Commission considers it appropriate, as a result of the review, it shall present a proposal to revise air quality standards or to cover other air pollutants. This proposal shall be based on the precautionary and non-degradation principles.
Amendment 390 #
(24) ‘rural background locations’ means places in rural areas with low population density where levels are representative of the exposure of the general rural population, taking socio-economic health inequalities into account;
Amendment 396 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 27
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 27
Amendment 413 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 39
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 39
(39) ‘sensitive population and vulnerable groups’ means those population groups that are more vulnerable to air pollution exposure than groups and communities at a higher risk for poor healthe average population, because they have a higher sensitivity or a lower threshold for health effects or have a reduced ability to protect themselvess a result of the barriers they experience to social, economic, political and environmental resources, as well as limitations due to illness or disability.
Amendment 429 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 5 – paragraph 1 – point i a (new)
Article 5 – paragraph 1 – point i a (new)
(i a) compliance of data with the quality objectives laid down in Annex V.
Amendment 433 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
In all zones where the level of pollutants exceeds a limit value established for those pollutants in Table 1 of Section 1 of Annex I or an ozone target value established in Section 2 of Annex I , modelling applications shall be used in addition to fixed measurements to assess the ambient air quality.
Amendment 438 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 8 – paragraph 5
Article 8 – paragraph 5
5. If modelling shows an exceedance of any limit value or ozone target value in an area of the zone not covered by fixed measurements, additional fixed or indicative measurements shall be used during at least 1 calendar year after the exceedance was recorded, to assess the concentration level of the relevant pollutant.
Amendment 443 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
3. For zones where the level of pollutants exceeds the relevant assessment threshold specified in Annex II, but not the respective limit values specified in Table 1 of Section 1 of Annex I, ozone target valuer critical levels specified in Section 23 of Annex I or critical levels specified in Section 3 of Annex I , and where information from fixed measurement sampling points is supplemented by information from modelling and indicative measurement, the minimum number of sampling points may be reduced by up to 50 %, in accordance with Points A and C of Annex III provided that the following conditions are met:
Amendment 445 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – point a
Article 9 – paragraph 3 – point a
(a) indicative measurements and modelling provide sufficient information for the assessment of air quality with regard to limit values , ozone target values, critical levels, information thresholds and alert thresholds, as well as adequate information for the public , in addition to the one provided by the fixed sampling points ;
Amendment 451 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 9 – paragraph 7
Article 9 – paragraph 7
7. Sampling points at which exceedances of any limit value specified in Section 1 of Annex I were recorded within the previous 3 years shall not be relocated, unless a relocation is necessary due to special circumstances, including spatial development. Relocation of sampling points shall be done within their area of spatial representativeness and be based on modelling results, and shall not disturb the continuity of the measurement.
Amendment 466 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 12 – title
Article 12 – title
12 Requirements where levels are lower than the limit values , ozone target value and average exposure concentration objectives, but above the assessment thresholds
Amendment 469 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 12 – paragraph 1
Article 12 – paragraph 1
1. In zones where the levels of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter ( PM10 and PM2.5), ozone, lead, benzene, carbon monoxide , arsenic, cadmium, nickel and benzo(a)pyrene in ambient air are below the respective limit values specified in Section 1 of Annex I , Member States shall maintain the levels of those pollutants below the limit values .
Amendment 472 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 12 – paragraph 2
Article 12 – paragraph 2
Amendment 491 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 13 – paragraph 2
Article 13 – paragraph 2
2.. For ozone, Member States shall ensure, by taking all necessary measures not entailing disproportionate costs, that throughout the zone levels do not exceed the ozone targelimit values , as laid down in Section 2, Point B,1 of Annex I .
Amendment 502 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 15 – paragraph 3
Article 15 – paragraph 3
3. Where any alert threshold or any information threshold laid down in Section 4 of Annex I is exceeded, Member States shall take the necessary steps to inform the public within a few hours at the latestimmediately, while providing the appropriate suggestions for the protection of the population, making use of different media and communication channels and ensuring broad public access .
Amendment 522 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 18
Article 18
Amendment 549 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 19 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Where, in given zones, the levels of pollutants in ambient air exceed any limit value , laid down in Section 1 of Annex I, , Member States shall establish air quality plans for those zones as soon as possible and no later than 21 years after the calendar year during which that exceedance of any limit value was recorded. Those air quality plans shall set out appropriate measures to achieve the concerned, including at least all abatement measures listed in Point B, point 2, of Annex VIII, to achieve the limit value concerned, to address the threat to human health posed by the exceedance of that limit value, and to keep the exceedance period as short as possible, and in any case no longer than 32 years from the end of the calendar year in which the first exceedance was reported . corded. Member States shall lay down rules to provide that competent authorities are to pay periodic fines starting from the calendar year during which the exceedance of any limit value occurred and continuing for as long as such exceedance persists. These fines shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.
Amendment 559 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 19 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Where exceedances of any limit values persist during the thirsecond calendar year after the establishment of the air quality plannd of the calendar year in which the first exceedance was recorded, Member States shall update the air quality plan and the measures therein, provide detailed information concerning the status of implementation of the Directives referred to in Point B, point 1, of Annex VIII and take additional and more effective measures, in the subsequent calendar year to keep the exceedance period as short as possible and in any case no longer than 1 year after the update of the air quality plan.
Amendment 564 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 2
Article 19 – paragraph 2
Amendment 572 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 1
Where in a given NUTS 12 territorial unit, the average exposure reduction obligation laid down in Section 5 of Annex I is exceeded, Member States shall establish air quality plans for those NUTS 12 territorial units as soon as possible and no later than 21 years after the calendar year during which the exceedance of the average exposure reduction obligation was recorded. Those air quality plans shall set out appropriate measures to achieve the average exposure reduction obligation and to keep the exceedance period as short as possible and in any case no longer than 2 years from the end of the calendar year in which the first exceedance was recorded.
Amendment 577 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2
Where exceedances of the average exposure reduction obligation persist during the fifthsecond calendar year after the establishment of the air quality plannd of the calendar year in which the first exceedance was recorded, Member States shall update the air quality plan and the measures therein, provide detailed information concerning the status of implementation of the Directives referred to in Point B, point 1, of Annex VIII, and take additional and more effective measures, in the subsequent calendar year to keep the exceedance period as short as possible. From that third calendar year, the fines to be paid under the first subparagraph shall be doubled.
Amendment 592 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 19 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Where from [insert year 2 year6 months after entry into force of this Directive], until 31 December 2029 in a zone or NUTS 12 territorial unit, the levels of pollutants are above any limit value to be attained by 1 January 2030 as laid down in Table 1 of Section 1 of Annex I, Member States shall establish an air quality plan for the concerned pollutant as soon as possible and no later than 21 years after the calendar year during which the exceedance of the limit value was recorded to attain the respective limit values or ozone target value by the expiration of the attainment deadline.
Amendment 598 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1 – point b a (new)
Article 19 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1 – point b a (new)
(b a) the information referred to in Point B, point 1, of Annex VIII;
Amendment 600 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1 – point c
Article 19 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1 – point c
(c) where appropriate, information the information on air pollution abatement measures listed in Point B, Point 2 of Annex VIII.
Amendment 613 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1
Article 19 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1
Member States shall consult the public, in accordance with Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council59, and the competent authorities, which, by reason of their responsibilities in the field of air pollution and air quality, are likely to be concerned by the implementation of the air quality plans, on draft air quality plans and any significant updates of air quality plans prior to their finalisation. In doing so, Member States shall ensure that the public is given early and effective opportunities to participate in the preparation, review or update of the air quality plans established under this Article and that all relevant information is timely and proactively made available to the public. _________________ 59 Directive 2003/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 May 2003 providing for public participation in respect of the drawing up of certain plans and programmes relating to the environment and amending with regard to public participation and access to justice Council Directives 85/337/EEC and 96/61/EC (OJ L 156, 25.6.2003, p. 17).
Amendment 618 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 19 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
Article 19 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
Member States shall encourage the active involvement of all interested parties in the implementation of this Directive, in particular in the preparation, review and update of air quality plans. When preparing air quality plans, Member States shall ensure that stakeholders whose activities contribute to the exceedance situation are encouraged to propose measures they are able to take to help end the exceedances and that non- governmental organisations, such as environmental organisations, consumer organisations, organisations representing the interests of sensitive population and vulnerable groups, other relevant health- care bodies, in particular healthcare professionals, and the relevant industrial federations are allowed to take part in those consultations.
Amendment 626 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 20 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 20 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Where, in a given zone , there is a risk that the levels of pollutants will exceed one or more of the alert thresholds specified in Section 4 of Annex I, Member States shall draw up short-term action plans indicating the emergency measures to be taken in the short term in order to reduce the risk or duration of such an exceedance. Member States shall use modelling and forecasting to identify the risk that the levels of pollutants will exceed one or more of the alert thresholds and shall ensure that emergency measures automatically enter into force as soon a risk of exceedance is forecasted in order to prevent such exceedance.
Amendment 628 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 20 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 20 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 637 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 20 – paragraph 2
Article 20 – paragraph 2
2. When drawing up the short-term action plans referred to in paragraph 1 Member States may, depending on the individual case, provide for effective measures to control and, where necessary, temporarily suspend activities which contribute to the risk of the respective limit values or target values or alert threshold being exceeded. Depending on the share of the main pollution sources to the exceedances to be addressed, those short- term action plans shall consider including measures in relation to transport , construction works, industrial installations and the use of products and domestic heating. Specific actions aiming at the protection of sensitive population and vulnerable groups, including children, shall also be considered in the framework of those plans.
Amendment 643 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 21 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 21 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Where transboundary transport of air pollution from one or more Member State contributes significantly to the exceedance of any limit value, ozone target value, average exposure reduction obligation or alert threshold in another Member State, the latter shall notify the Member States from which the air pollution originated and the Commission thereof.
Amendment 651 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. Member States shall ensure that the public as well as appropriate organisations such as environmental organisations, consumer organisations, organisations representing the interests of sensitive populations and vulnerable groups , healthcare professionals, other relevant health-care bodies and the relevant industrial federations are informed, adequately and in good time, of the following:
Amendment 653 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – point a a (new)
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – point a a (new)
(a a) any failure to provide the information required under Annex IX and the measures taken to rectify such failure;
Amendment 654 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – point b
Amendment 661 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – point e
Article 22 – paragraph 1 – point e
(e) the effects of exceedances of limit values, ozone target values, average exposure reduction obligations, information thresholds and alert thresholds in a summary assessment ; the summary assessment shall include, where appropriate, further information and assessments on forest protection as well as information on pollutants covered by Article 10 and Annex VII.
Amendment 670 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 22 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 22 – paragraph 3 a (new)
3 a. Without prejudice to paragraph 3, Member States shall inform the public of the competent authority or body operating the sampling points established within their territory pursuant to Article 9 and Annex IV.
Amendment 676 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 23 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
Article 23 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
2. For the specific purpose of assessing compliance with the limit values, ozone target values, average exposure reduction obligations and critical levels , the information referred to in paragraph 1 shall be made available to the Commission no later than 43 months after the end of each calendar year and shall include:
Amendment 682 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 24 – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 24 – paragraph 2 – point a
(a) the limit values, ozone target values and long-term objectives , critical levels, alert and information thresholds , average exposure reduction obligations and average exposure concentration objectives specified in Annex I
Amendment 692 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – introductory part
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – introductory part
Member States shall ensure that, in accordance with their national legal system, members of the public concerned any natural and legal person haves access to a review procedure before a court of law, or another independent and impartial body established by law, to challenge the substantive or procedural legality of all decisions, or acts taken by, or omissions concerningof, the Member State to achieve compliance with this Directive, including, but not limited to, those concerning the classification of zones under Article 7, the network design, location and relocation of sampling points under Article 9, air quality plans referred to in Article 19, and short term action plans referred to in Article 20, of the Member State, provided that any of the following conditions is met:.
Amendment 694 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point a
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point a
Amendment 697 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point b
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point b
Amendment 701 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 703 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 27 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Amendment 716 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 27 – paragraph 3
Article 27 – paragraph 3
3. The review procedure shall be fair, equitable, timely and not prohibitively expensive, and shall provide adequate and effective redress mechanisms, including injunctive relief as appropriate. Member States shall ensure that the courts or other independent and impartial review bodies are able to retain supervisory jurisdiction on the implementation of the order and to apply effective coercive measures.
Amendment 730 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 28 – paragraph 1
Article 28 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall ensure that natural persons who suffer damage to human health caused by a violation of Articles 19(1) to 19(4), 20(1) and 20(2), 21(1) second sub-paragraph and 21(3) of this Directive by the competent authoritiesare exposed to levels of air pollution exceeding any limit value set out in Articles 13 and Annex I of this Directive are entitled to compensation in accordance with this article.
Amendment 739 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 28 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 2
Article 28 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 762 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 29 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 29 – paragraph 3 a (new)
3 a. The amounts of financial penalties collected shall contribute to a clean air fund, independently managed with the active participation of the public and of appropriate organisations such as environmental organisations, consumer organisations, organisations representing the interests of sensitive population groups and other relevant healthcare bodies. The Commission shall adopt by [6 months after entry into force of this Directive] implementing acts laying down common criteria for determining the amount of financial penalties, referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article, and the setting up of clean air funds, referred to in paragraph 3a of this Article. Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 26(2).
Amendment 775 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – Section 1 – table 1
Annex I – Section 1 – table 1
Amendment 781 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – Section 2
Annex I – Section 2
Amendment 792 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – Section 5 – point A – paragraph 1
Annex I – Section 5 – point A – paragraph 1
The Average Exposure Indicator expressed in μg/m3 (AEI) shall be based upon measurements in urban background locations in territorial units at NUTS 12 level throughout the territory of a Member State. It shall be assessed as a 3-calendar- year running annual mean concentration averaged over all sampling points of the relevant pollutant established pursuant to Point B of Annex III in each NUTS 12 territorial unit. The AEI for a particular year shall be the mean concentration of that same year and the preceding 2 years.
Amendment 796 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Amendment 799 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 – indent 1
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 – indent 1
– for PM2.5, 2540% lower than the AEI was 105 years before, unless it is already no higher than the average exposure concentration objective for PM2.5 defined in Section C.
Amendment 803 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 – indent 2
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 – indent 2
– for NO2, 2540% lower than the AEI was 105 years before, unless it is already no higher than the average exposure concentration objective for NO2 defined in Section C.
Amendment 804 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 a (new)
Annex I – Section 5 – point B – paragraph 1 a (new)
As from 2031, the AEI for PM2.5 and PM2.5, shall not exceed the level that is 10% lower than the AEI of the previous year, unless it is already not higher than the average exposure concentration objective set out in Section C.
Amendment 807 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – paragraph 2
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – paragraph 2
Table 2 - Minimum number of sampling points for fixed measurement to assess compliance with ozone targelimit values, long- term objectives and information and alert thresholds where such measurements are the sole source of information (for ozone only)
Amendment 808 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – paragraph 4
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – paragraph 4
Table 4 - Minimum number of sampling points for fixed measurements to assess compliance with ozone targelimit values, long- term objectives and information and alert thresholds in zones where a 50% reduction of such measurements applies (for ozone only)
Amendment 813 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 1
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 1
Minimum number of sampling points if concentrations exceed the assessment threshold Population NO2, SO2, Sum Minimum Minimum Pb, Cd, Benzo(a)pyrene of zone CO, benzene PM PM10 PM2.5 As, Ni in PM10 (thousands) (1) in PM10 0 - 249 24 8 4 4 2 2 1 1 250 - 499 2 4 2 2 1 1 500 - 749 22 250 - 499 4 8 4 4 2 2 500 - 749 4 8 4 4 2 2 1 12 750 - 999 36 48 24 24 24 24 1 000 - 1 48 6 12 24 24 24 24 499 1 500 - 1 5 10 7 14 36 36 24 24 999 2 000 - 2 6 12 8 16 36 36 24 36 749 2 750 - 3 7 14 120 4 8 8 4 2 36 749 3 750 - 4 8 16 1122 48 48 36 48 749 4 750 - 5 9 18 13 5 526 10 410 8 5 10 999 6 000+ 120 15 5 30 510 10 5 10 5 10 (1) The number of PM2.5 and NO2 sampling points in the urban background locations of urban areas shall meet the requirements set out in Point B.
Amendment 815 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 2
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 2
Amendment 818 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 3
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 3
Population of Minimum number of sampling points if the number of sampling points zone (thousands) is reduced by up to 50% NO2, Sum Minimum Minimum Pb, Cd, Benzo(a) SO2, CO, PM (1) (1) PM10 PM2.5 As, Ni pyrene in benzene in PM10 PM10 0 - 249 1 2 4 2 1 12 12 12 250 - 499 12 24 12 12 12 12 500 - 749 12 24 12 12 12 12 750 - 999 24 24 12 12 12 12 1 000 - 1 499 24 36 12 12 12 12 1 500 - 1 999 36 48 24 24 12 12 2 000 - 2 749 36 48 24 24 12 24 2 750 - 3 749 48 510 4 2 24 12 24 3 750 - 4 749 48 612 4 2 4 2 4 2 24 4 750 - 5 999 510 714 6 3 36 24 36 6 000+ 510 16 8 36 36 36 36 (12) The number of PM2.5 and NO2 sampling points in the urban background locations of urban areas shall meet the requirements set out in Point B.
Amendment 819 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 4
Annex III – Part A – point 1 – table 4
Population of zone Minimum number of sampling points if the number of (thousands) sampling points is reduced by up to 50% (1) < 250 12 < 500 12 < 1 000 12 < 1 500 24 < 2 000 24 < 2 750 36 < 3 750 36 ≥ 3 750 12 additional sampling points per 4 million inhabitants (12) At least 1 sampling point in areas where exposure of the population to the highest concentrations of ozone is likely to occur. In agglomerations, at least 50 % of the sampling points shall be located in suburban areas.
Amendment 832 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IV – Part B – point 2 – point a – point i a (new)
Annex IV – Part B – point 2 – point a – point i a (new)
(ia) concentration levels in the areas within zones that are close to ports and airports,
Amendment 870 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part D – paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
Annex V – Part D – paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
(ca) observed lack of data or information from specific sampling points,
Amendment 875 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VII – Section 2 – point B – paragraph 1
Annex VII – Section 2 – point B – paragraph 1
Measurement of ozone precursor substances shall include at least nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2), methane (CH4) and appropriate volatile organic compounds (VOC). The selection of the specific compounds to be measured completed by other compounds of interest will depend on the objective sought.
Amendment 880 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part A – point 1 – point c
Annex VIII – Part A – point 1 – point c
(c) sampling point(s) (map, geographical coordinates, and competent authority).
Amendment 891 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part A – point 5 – introductory part
Annex VIII – Part A – point 5 – introductory part
5. Expected impact of measures to reach compliance within 3 years after adoption of the air quality planas soon as possible
Amendment 914 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – introductory part
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – introductory part
2. Information on all air pollution abatement measures that have been considered at local, regional or national level for implementation in connection with the attainment of air quality objectives, includingcontaining at least the following details:
Amendment 916 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point a
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point a
(a) reduction of emissions from stationary sources by ensuring that polluting small and medium-sized stationary combustion sources (including forcoal, biomass, gas stoves and boilers) are fitted with emission control equipment or replaced, and phased-out in due course and replaced by zero-emission alternatives, and that the energy efficiency of buildings is improved;
Amendment 928 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point c
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point c
(c) procurement by public authorities, in line with the handbook on environmental public procurement, of zero emissions road vehicles, fuels and combustion equipment to reduce emissions;
Amendment 930 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point d
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point d
(d) measures to limit transport emissions through traffic planning and management (including at least: (i) congestion pricing, differentiated parking fees or other economic incentives;road pricing and mileage-based user fees; (ii) parking fees on all public land or other economic incentives to reduce unnecessary mobility by car and with differentiated fees for polluting and zero- emission vehicles; (iii) establishing urban vehicles access restrictions schemes, including low emission zones) and zero-emission zones; (iv) establishing low-traffic neighbourhoods, super blocks and car- free neighbourhoods; (v) reducing street width for vehicles; (vi) establishing car-free streets on weekends; (vii) introducing speed limits of 30 km per hour; (viii) ‘last mile’ zero (exhaust) emission delivery arrangements; (ix) promoting car sharing and carpooling;
Amendment 939 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point e
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point e
(e) measures to encourage a shift towards active mobility and less polluting forms of transport; , including at least: (i) strengthening the public transport network and electrifying buses; (ii) introducing real-time passenger information for transit users; (iii) creating park and ride schemes; (iv) providing free public transportation; (v) improving infrastructure to create more space for pedestrians and bicycles; (vi) planning for compact cities (e.g. 15-minute city); (vii) economic incentives for the purchase of active and shared mobility solutions (e.g. bikes, e-bikes, e-scooters); (viii) per-kilometre incentives for cycling and walking commute to work; (ix) scrappage schemes for the most polluting vehicles;
Amendment 951 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point g
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point g
(g) measure to ensure that low emission fuels are given preference inrequiring the use of best available technologies to eliminate or, where it is not possible to eliminate, to reduce as much as possible emissions from small-, medium- and large-scale stationary sources and in mobile sources;
Amendment 956 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point h a (new)
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point h a (new)
(ha) measures to reduce air pollution in ports and port cities, including provision of on-shore power supply for ships at berth;
Amendment 959 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point h b (new)
Annex VIII – Part B – point 2 – point h b (new)
(hb) measures to reduce emissions from agriculture, including nitrogen management systems;
Amendment 972 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – point 1 – point e a (new)
Annex IX – point 1 – point e a (new)
(ea) any failure to provide the information under points (a) to (e);