Activities of Cristian-Silviu BUŞOI related to 2023/0079(COD)
Plenary speeches (1)
Framework for ensuring a secure and sustainable supply of critical raw materials (debate)
Amendments (56)
Amendment 112 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1
Recital 1
(1) Access to raw materials is essential for the Union economy and the functioning of the internal market. There is a set of non-energy, non-agricultural raw materials that, due to their high economic importance and their exposure to high supply risk, often caused by a high concentration of supply from a few third countries, are considered critical. Given the key role of many such critical raw materials in realising the green and digital transitions, and in light of their use for defence and aerospace applications as well as for health and food security purposes, demand will increase exponentially in the coming decades. At the same time, the risk of supply disruptions is increasing against the background of rising geopolitical tensions and resource competition. Furthermore, if not managed properly, increased demand for critical raw materials could lead to negative environmental and social impacts. Considering these trends, it is necessary to take measures to ensure access to a secure and sustainable supply of critical raw materials to safeguard the Union's economic resilience and open strategic autonomy.
Amendment 134 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 4
Recital 4
(4) In order to ensure that the measures set out in the Regulation focus on the most relevant materials, a list of strategic raw materials and a list of critical raw materials should be established. Those lists should also serve to guide and coordinate Member States’ efforts to contribute to the realisation of the aims of this Regulation. The list of strategic raw materials should contain raw materials that are of high strategic importance, taking into account their use in strategic technologies underpinning the green and digital transitions or for defence or aerospace applications, that are characterised by a potentially significant gap between global supply and projected demand, and for which an increase in production is relatively difficult, for instance due to long lead-times for new projects increasing supply capacity. To take account of possible technological and economic changes, the list of strategic materials should be periodically reviewed and, if necessary, updated. In order to ensure that efforts to increase the Union capacities along the value chain, reinforce the Union’s capacity to monitor and mitigate supply risks and increase diversification of supply are focused on the materials for which they are most needed, the relevant measures should only apply to the list of strategic raw materials.
Amendment 142 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 5
Recital 5
(5) The list of critical raw materials should contain all strategic raw materials as well as any other raw materials of high importance for the overall Union economy and for which there is a high risk of supply disruption. To take account of possible technological and economic changes, the Commission should, in continuation of current practice, periodically perform an assessment based on data for production, trade, applications, recycling, and substitution for a wide range of raw materials to update the lists of critical and strategic raw materials reflecting the evolution in the economic importance and supply risk associated with those raw materials. In addition, this list should be updated on an ad hoc basis if the Board and the Commission determine in exercising their monitoring obligations an increase in supply risks. The list of critical raw materials should include those raw materials which reach or exceed the thresholds for both economic importance and supply risk, without ranking the relevant raw materials in terms of criticality. This assessment should be based on an average of the latest available data over a 5-year-period. The measures set out in this Regulation related to one stop shop for permitting, planning, exploration, monitoring, circularity, and sustainability should apply to all critical raw materials.
Amendment 176 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) In order to diversify the Union's supply of strategic raw materials, the Commission should, with the support of the Board, identify Strategic Projects in third countries that intend to become active in the extraction, processing or recycling of strategic raw materials. To ensure that such Strategic Projects are effectively implemented, they should benefit from improved access to finance. In order to ensure their added value, projects should be assessed against a set of criteria and avoid a situation in which a third country project displaces a potential strategic project in the EU. Like projects in the Union, Strategic Projects in third countries should strengthen the Union's security of supply for strategic raw materials, show sufficient technical feasibility and be implemented sustainably. For projects in emerging markets and developing economies, the project should be mutually beneficial for the Union and the third country involved and add value in that country, taking into account also its consistency with the Union’s common commercial policy. Such value may be derived from the project’s contribution to more than one stage of the value chain as well as from creating through the project wider economic and social benefits, including the creation of employment in compliance with international standards. Where the Commission assesses these criteria to be fulfilled, it should publish the recognition as a Strategic Project in a decision.
Amendment 198 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 16
Recital 16
(16) In light of their importance for ensuring the security of supply of strategic raw materials, Strategic Projects should be considered to be in the public interest. Ensuring the security of supply of strategic raw materials is of crucial importance for the success of the green and digital transitions as well as, the resilience of the defence and aerospace sectors as well as for health and food security purposes. To contribute towards security of supply of strategic raw materials in the Union, Member States may provide for support in national permit granting procedures to speed up the realisation of Strategic Projects in accordance with Union law.
Amendment 223 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 26
Recital 26
(26) Within the Union, critical raw materials projects often face difficulties with access to finance. Critical raw materials markets are often characterised by high volatility of prices, long lead times, high concentration and opacity. Additionally, financing for the sector requires a high level of expert knowledge that is often lacking among financial institutions. To overcome these factors and contribute towards ensuring a stable and reliable supply of strategic raw materials, Member States and the Commission should assist in access to finance and administrative support.
Amendment 255 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 38
Recital 38
(38) In order to ensure that they are sufficiently prepared to face supply disruptions, large companies manufacturing strategic technologies in the Union usingoperating in sectors using a substantial share of strategic raw materials should audit their supply chains and report accordingly to their board of directors. This will ensure that they take into account the supply risks of strategic raw materials and develop appropriate mitigation strategies to be better prepared in the event of a supply disruption. Similarly, the large companies falling within this scope should run regular stress tests of their strategic raw materials supply chains to ensure that they consider all different scenarios that may affect their supply in the event of a disruption. These measures will lead to additional considerations being given to the costs of potential supply risks.
Amendment 321 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point a – point iii
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point a – point iii
(iii) Union pre-consumer and post- consumer recycling capacity, including for all intermediate recycling steps, is able to produce at least 15% of the Union's annual consumption of strategic raw materials.
Amendment 342 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point c
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point c
(c) improve the Union's ability to monitor and mitigate the supply risk related to critical raw materials, by separate reportingon pre-consumer and post-consumer recycling of waste contaning critical raw materials;
Amendment 402 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 15 a (new)
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 15 a (new)
(15a) 'strategic raw materials project' means any planned facility or planned significant extension or repurposing of an existing facility active in extraction, processing or recycling of raw materials listed in Annex II, including where these raw materials occur as byproducts of extraction and processing of carrier raw materials that are not listed in Annex I or II;
Amendment 415 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 31
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point 31
(31) ‘strategic technologies’ means the technologies needed for the green and digital transitions as well as for defence and aerospace applications;
Amendment 448 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 3
Article 3 – paragraph 3
3. The Commission shall review and, if necessary, update the list of strategic raw materials by [OP please insert: fourtwo years after the date of entry into force of this Regulation], and every 4 fourtwo years thereafter.
Amendment 450 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. By derogation from paragraph 3, the Commission may add additional raw materials on the list when, while exercising the monitoring, stress testing and information obligations under Articles 19(1), 19(2) and 20, is detecting changes in supply and access to specific raw materials that risk endangering the targets set out in Article 1(2).
Amendment 466 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 4
Article 4 – paragraph 4
4. The Commission shall review and, if necessary, update the list of critical raw materials by [OP please insert: fourtwo years after the date of entry into force of this Regulation], and every 4 fourtwo years thereafter.
Amendment 468 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 4 – paragraph 4 a (new)
Article 4 – paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. By derogation from paragraph 4, the Commission may add additional raw materials on the list when, while exercising the monitoring, stress testing and information obligations under Articles 19(1), 19(2) and 20, is detecting changes in supply and access to specific raw materials that risk endangering the targets set out in Article 1(2).
Amendment 538 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
Article 6 – paragraph 6 – subparagraph 2
The Commission's decision shall be reasoned, including, where applicable, where it is different from the Board's opinion. The Commission shall share its reasons with the Board, the competent authorities in the Member States as well as with the project promoter.
Amendment 545 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 8
Article 6 – paragraph 8
8. Where the Commission finds that a Strategic Project no longer fulfils the criteria set out in Article 5(1) or where its recognition was based on an application containing incorrect information, it may, taking into account the opinion of the Board and the responsible project promoter, repeal the decision granting a project the status of Strategic Project.
Amendment 571 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 1
1. By [OP please insert: 3 months after the date of entry into force of this Regulation], Member States shall designate one national competent authority which shall be responsible for facilitating and, coordinating and streamlining the permit- granting process for critical raw material projects and provide information on the elements referred to in Article 17.
Amendment 572 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 1
1. By [OP please insert: 3 months after the date of entry into force of this Regulation], Member States shall designate one national competent authority which shall be responsible for facilitating and coordinating the permit-granting process for critical raw material projects and provide information on the elements referred to in Article 17.
Amendment 574 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 2
Article 8 – paragraph 2
2. The national competent authority referred to in paragraph 1 shall be the sole point of contact for the project promoter in the permit granting process leading to a comprehensive decision for a given critical raw material project and shall coordinate the submission of all relevant documents and information.
Amendment 577 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
3. The responsibilities of the national competent authority referred to in paragraph 1 or the tasks related to it may be delegated to, or carried out by, another authority, for each critical raw material projects, provided that:
Amendment 580 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – point c a (new)
Article 8 – paragraph 3 – point c a (new)
Amendment 587 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 6
Article 8 – paragraph 6
6. The national competent authority referred to in paragraph 1 shall ensure that applicants have easy access to information on and simple procedures for the settlement of disputes concerning the permit granting process and the issuance of permits for critical raw materials projects, including, where applicable, alternative dispute resolution mechanisms. The Board shall share and discuss best practices including from other relevant mining regions ensuring structured and predictable formats.
Amendment 618 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 1
Article 12 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall ensure that national, regional and local authorities responsible for preparing plans, including zoning, spatial plans and land use plans, include in such plans, where appropriate, provisions for the development of critical raw materials projects. Priority shall be given to artificial and built surfaces, industrial sites, brownfield sites, and, where appropriate, greenfield sites not usable for agriculture and forestry. Local authorities should prioritize exploration activities and mining projects in the area where there is an active or abandoned mines, known historical mining activities mineralized bedrock, mineral deposits verified by a member states geological survey or a company that performs exploration or mining activities. Priority shall be given to artificial and built surfaces, industrial sites, brownfield sites, and greenfield sites taking into account information provided in the national exploration programmes.
Amendment 630 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 1
Article 14 – paragraph 1
1. The Commission and the Member States shall undertake activities to accelerate and crowd-in private investments in StrategicRaw Materials Projects. Such activities may, without prejudice to Article 107 and Article 108 of the TFEU, include providing and coordinating support to StrategicRaw Materials Projects facing difficulties in accessing finance.
Amendment 633 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
Article 14 – paragraph 2 – introductory part
2. Member States mayshall, where requested, provide administrative support to StrategicRaw Material Projects to facilitate their rapid and effective implementation, including by providing:
Amendment 640 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 14 – paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
Article 14 – paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
(ba) predictable, regular, and clear communication to the project promoter as to administrative delays and hindrances, including reasons, in the permitting process.
Amendment 644 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 15 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 15 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. The standing sub-group referred to in Article 35(6), point (a) shall , at the request of a project promoter of a StrategicRaw Material Project, discuss and advise on how the financing of its project can be completed, taking into account the funding already secured and considering at least the following elements:
Amendment 660 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 16 – paragraph 1
Article 16 – paragraph 1
1. The Commission shall set up a system to facilitate the conclusion of off- take agreements related to StrategicRaw Material Projects, in compliance with competition rules.
Amendment 661 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 16 – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 16 – paragraph 2 – point a
(a) the volume and quality of strategic raw materials they intend to purchase;
Amendment 663 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 16 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
Article 16 – paragraph 3 – introductory part
3. The system referred to in paragraph 1 shall allow project promoters of StrategicRaw Material Projects to make offers indicating:
Amendment 665 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 16 – paragraph 3 – point a
Article 16 – paragraph 3 – point a
(a) the volume and quality of strategic raw materials for which they are seeking to conclude off-take agreements;
Amendment 668 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 16 – paragraph 4
Article 16 – paragraph 4
4. Based on the bids and offers received pursuant to paragraph 2 and 3, the Commission shall bring project promoters of StrategicRaw Material Projects in contact with potential off-takers relevant for their project.
Amendment 683 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1
Article 18 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1
Member States shall make the information on their mineral occurrences containing critical raw materials gathered through the measures set out in the national programmes referred to in paragraph 1 publicly available upon a free access websitereasoned request. This information shall, where applicable, include the classification of the identified occurrences using the United Nations Framework Classification for Resources.
Amendment 706 #
The Commission, in collaboration with the national authorities participating in the standing sub-group referred to in Article 35(6), point (c), shall ensure that a stress test is performed for each critical or strategic raw material’s supply chain at least every three years. To that end, the standing sub-group referred to in Article 35(6), point (c) shall coordinate and divide the implementation of stress tests for the different critical or strategic raw materials by the different participating authorities.
Amendment 709 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2 – introductory part
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2 – introductory part
The stress tests referred to in the first subparagraph shall consist of an assessment of the vulnerability of the Union’s supply chain of the relevant critical or strategic raw material to supply disruptions by estimating the impact of different scenarios that may cause such disruptions and their potential effects, taking into account at least the following elements:
Amendment 713 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2 – point e
Article 19 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 2 – point e
(e) the users of the relevant raw material along the value chain and their share of demand, with special attention to the manufacturing of technologies relevant for the green and digital transitions as well as defence and aerospace applications.
Amendment 739 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Member States shall identify the large companies that manufacture strategic technologies usingsectors and the companies operating in these sectors using a share of 10% of the strategic raw materials consumed on their territory.
Amendment 741 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 743 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
Article 23 – paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
(ba) remedies taken and envisaged to mitigate the risks of supply disruptions.
Amendment 819 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 26 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 26 – paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Operators are exempted from the obligations set out in paragraph 1 if due to the nature and quantity of the extractive waste it is to be expected: (a) that the extractive waste does not contain critical raw materials or not in a relevant amount and concentration; or (b) that the critical raw materials contained in the extractive waste are not technically or economically recoverable.
Amendment 978 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
The following raw materials shall be considered strategic, including their respective carrier metals and minerals with which these strategic raw materials are extracted:
Amendment 990 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point b
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point b
(b) Boron - metallurgy grade
Amendment 999 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point g a (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point g a (new)
(ga) Magnesite/magnesia
Amendment 1000 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point g b (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point g b (new)
(gb) Aluminium
Amendment 1010 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point j
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point j
(j) Natural Graphite - battery grade
Amendment 1024 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point k
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point k
(k) Nickel - battery grade
Amendment 1027 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point k a (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point k a (new)
(ka) Phosphorous
Amendment 1028 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point k b (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point k b (new)
(kb) Potash
Amendment 1031 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point m
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point m
(m) Rare Earth Elements for magnets (Nd, Pr, Tb, Dy, Gd, Sm, and Ce)
Amendment 1035 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point n
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point n
(n) Silicon metal
Amendment 1039 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point o
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point o
(o) Titanium metal
Amendment 1047 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p a (new)
Annex I – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point p a (new)
(pa) Zinc
Amendment 1063 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – Section 2 – point 1 – introductory part
Annex I – Section 2 – point 1 – introductory part
1. The strategic importance shall be determined based on the relevance of a raw material for the green and digital transition, including raw materials enabling the production and processing of raw materials for the green and digital transition, as well as defence and aerospace applications, and importance for medical and food security taking into account:
Amendment 1088 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex II – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point v
Annex II – Section 1 – paragraph 1 – point v
(v) Natural Graphite
Amendment 1110 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex III – point 3 – point b
Annex III – point 3 – point b