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Events

2021/05/19
   EP - Text adopted by Parliament, single reading
Documents
2021/05/19
   EP - Decision by Parliament
Documents
2021/05/17
   EP - Debate in Parliament
2021/04/08
   EP - Committee report tabled for plenary
Details

The Committee on Industry, Research and Energy adopted the own-initiative report by Jens GEIER (S&D, DE) on a European Strategy for Hydrogen.

As hydrogen produced through electrolysis with electricity from renewable energy sources is a clean alternative to fossil fuels and can be used for various purposes, including feedstock for industrial processes, fuel cells and energy storage, it can make a valuable contribution to the achievement of a just transition towards a clean energy system. It can help to decarbonise hard-to-decarbonise sectors in which direct electrification is not yet possible or cost-efficient. However, hydrogen represents only a small part of the European energy mix and 95% of our hydrogen production is currently based on fossil fuels.

The EU needs to develop a sustainable hydrogen economy that aims at making clean hydrogen competitive as soon as possible.

EU hydrogen strategy

Members stressed the need to maintain and further develop EU technological leadership in clean hydrogen through a competitive and sustainable hydrogen economy with an integrated hydrogen market. They emphasised the necessity of an EU hydrogen strategy that covers the whole hydrogen value chain, including the demand and supply sectors, and is aligned with national efforts to ensure that sufficient supplementary renewable electricity generation infrastructure is built for the production of renewable hydrogen and to bring down the costs of renewable hydrogen.

Members welcomed the hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe proposed by the Commission, including the future revision of the Renewable Energy Directive, as well as the growing number of Member State strategies and investment plans for hydrogen.

The report stressed that hydrogen produced from renewable sources is key to the EU’s energy transition, as only renewable hydrogen can sustainably contribute to achieving climate neutrality in the long term and avoid lock-in effects and stranded assets.

Hydrogen classification and standards

Members consider that a common legal classification of the different types of hydrogen is of utmost importance. The Commission’s proposed classification seems to be a good solution according to the report. However, different names for the same type of hydrogen, such as ʻrenewableʼ and ʻcleanʼ hydrogen, should be avoided.

The Commission is called on to provide, as early as possible in 2021, a regulatory framework for hydrogen that ensures standardisation, certification, guarantees of origin, labelling and tradability across Member States, and to also use the upcoming revision of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) to examine what changes are needed to unlock the full potential of hydrogen to contribute to the EU’s climate goals, taking into account the risks of carbon leakage.

Citizen engagement

Members stressed that citizen engagement will play an important role in the implementation of a fair, successful, participative and inclusive energy transition.

Moreover, in order to have a properly functioning EU hydrogen market, people with specialised skills are needed, especially with regard to safety. The Commission should adopt an action plan aimed at guiding Member States to develop and maintain dedicated training programmes for workers, engineers, technicians, and the general public, and to create multi-disciplinary teaching programmes for economists, scientists and students.

Hydrogen infrastructure

There is an urgent need to develop infrastructure for hydrogen production, storage and transport, to incentivise adequate capacity-building, and to develop demand and supply in parallel.

The report highlighted the financial benefits of placing hydrogen production facilities close to renewable energy production sites or on the same site as demand facilities. It urged the Commission and the Member States to ensure that any potential future gas infrastructure is compatible with pure hydrogen.

Hydrogen demand

Given that the main lead markets for hydrogen demand are industry, air, maritime and heavy-duty transport, Members believe that, for these sectors, roadmaps for demand development, investment and research needs should be established at EU level.

Members noted that there are obstacles in some of the current regulatory frameworks to the use of hydrogen. Therefore, they encouraged the Commission and the Member States to adapt those regulatory frameworks in order to stimulate hydrogen demand and to eliminate disincentives such as legal uncertainties.

Recalling that the transport sector is responsible for a quarter of CO2 emissions in the EU and is the only sector where emissions have not been reduced compared to the 1990 baseline, the report underlined the potential of hydrogen to be one of the instruments used to reduce CO2 emissions in transport modes, in particular where full electrification is more difficult or not yet possible. The deployment of refuelling infrastructure is necessary to boost hydrogen use in the transport sector. In this regard, Members stressed the importance of revising the TEN-T (trans-European transport network) Regulation and the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive to ensure the availability of publicly accessible hydrogen refuelling stations across the EU by including concrete objectives to integrate hydrogen infrastructure in transport systems.

Documents
2021/03/18
   EP - Vote in committee
2021/02/25
   EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2021/02/05
   EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2020/12/11
   EP - Amendments tabled in committee
Documents
2020/12/11
   EP - Amendments tabled in committee
Documents
2020/11/26
   EP - Committee referral announced in Parliament
2020/11/26
   EP - Referral to associated committees announced in Parliament
2020/11/19
   EP - Committee draft report
Documents
2020/11/03
   EP - MAYER Georg (ID) appointed as rapporteur in TRAN
2020/10/01
   EP - BENTELE Hildegard (EPP) appointed as rapporteur in ENVI
2020/08/12
   EP - GEIER Jens (S&D) appointed as rapporteur in ITRE

Documents

Votes

Une stratégie européenne pour l'hydrogène - A European Strategy for Hydrogen - Eine europäische Wasserstoffstrategie - A9-0116/2021 - Jens Geier - Proposition de résolution #

2021/05/19 Outcome: +: 411, 0: 149, -: 135
ES RO PL HU DE PT BE BG NL HR DK EL SK SI AT SE LT MT IT EE CY LU LV IE FI CZ FR
Total
58
33
52
20
94
21
21
16
29
12
13
20
14
8
19
20
11
6
74
7
6
6
8
13
14
21
79
icon: PPE PPE
174

Hungary PPE

1

Denmark PPE

For (1)

1

Malta PPE

2

Estonia PPE

For (1)

1
2

Luxembourg PPE

2

Latvia PPE

2
icon: S&D S&D
143

Greece S&D

2

Slovenia S&D

2

Lithuania S&D

2

Estonia S&D

2

Cyprus S&D

2

Luxembourg S&D

For (1)

1

Latvia S&D

2

Czechia S&D

For (1)

1
icon: Renew Renew
97

Hungary Renew

2

Croatia Renew

For (1)

1

Slovakia Renew

2

Slovenia Renew

2

Austria Renew

For (1)

1
3

Lithuania Renew

1

Italy Renew

2

Estonia Renew

3

Luxembourg Renew

2

Latvia Renew

For (1)

1

Ireland Renew

2

Finland Renew

3
icon: NI NI
36

Germany NI

Against (1)

Abstain (1)

3

Netherlands NI

1

Slovakia NI

Abstain (1)

2

Lithuania NI

1
icon: The Left The Left
38

Portugal The Left

4

Belgium The Left

Abstain (1)

1

Netherlands The Left

Abstain (1)

1

Sweden The Left

Abstain (1)

1

Cyprus The Left

2

Ireland The Left

Against (2)

4

Finland The Left

Abstain (1)

1

Czechia The Left

Abstain (1)

1
icon: ECR ECR
62

Romania ECR

Abstain (1)

1

Bulgaria ECR

2

Netherlands ECR

4

Croatia ECR

Abstain (1)

1

Greece ECR

Abstain (1)

1

Slovakia ECR

Against (1)

2
3

Lithuania ECR

Abstain (1)

1

Latvia ECR

2
icon: ID ID
73

Netherlands ID

Against (1)

1

Denmark ID

For (1)

1

Austria ID

3

Estonia ID

Against (1)

1

Finland ID

2

Czechia ID

Against (2)

2
icon: Verts/ALE Verts/ALE
72

Spain Verts/ALE

3

Poland Verts/ALE

Against (1)

1

Portugal Verts/ALE

Against (1)

1

Belgium Verts/ALE

3

Netherlands Verts/ALE

3

Denmark Verts/ALE

2

Austria Verts/ALE

3

Sweden Verts/ALE

3

Lithuania Verts/ALE

2

Luxembourg Verts/ALE

Against (1)

1

Latvia Verts/ALE

Against (1)

1

Ireland Verts/ALE

2

Finland Verts/ALE

3

Czechia Verts/ALE

3
AmendmentsDossier
598 2020/2242(INI)
2020/11/24 ENVI 213 amendments...
source: 660.370
2020/12/11 ITRE 385 amendments...
source: 662.101

History

(these mark the time of scraping, not the official date of the change)

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events/6/summary
  • The European Parliament adopted by 411 votes to 135, with 149 abstentions, a resolution on a European strategy for hydrogen.
  • Hydrogen can be used as a raw material or energy source in industrial and chemical processes, in air, sea and road transport by heavy goods vehicles and in heating applications, as well as for energy storage.
  • However, hydrogen makes up about 2% of the EU's energy mix and 95% of it is produced from fossil fuels. Studies show that renewables could account for up to 100% of the EU's energy mix in 2050, that hydrogen could account for up to 20% in total, between 20% and 50% of energy used for transport and between 5% and 20% of energy used in industry.
  • A competitive and sustainable hydrogen economy could help the EU strengthen its economy, especially after the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • EU hydrogen strategy
  • Parliament stressed the need to maintain and further develop EU technological leadership in clean hydrogen through a competitive and sustainable hydrogen economy with an integrated hydrogen market. It emphasised the necessity of an EU hydrogen strategy that covers the whole hydrogen value chain, including the demand and supply sectors, and is aligned with national efforts to ensure that sufficient supplementary renewable electricity generation infrastructure is built for the production of renewable hydrogen and to bring down the costs of renewable hydrogen.
  • The Commission is invited to take these strategies into account in its future legislative proposals and to align its approach on hydrogen with the new EU industrial strategy.
  • Hydrogen classification and standards
  • Parliament initially welcomed the Commission's proposed classification of the different types of hydrogen, while stressing the need to agree quickly on a comprehensive, accurate, uniform and science-based terminology at EU level. The term "renewable hydrogen" would be one way of clarifying the situation.
  • The Commission is called on to provide, as early as possible in 2021, a regulatory framework for hydrogen that ensures standardisation, certification, guarantees of origin, labelling and tradability across Member States, and to also use the upcoming revision of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) to examine what changes are needed to unlock the full potential of hydrogen to contribute to the EU’s climate goals, taking into account the risks of carbon leakage
  • Ramping up hydrogen production
  • Parliament considered that the Commission should swiftly propose a coherent, integrated and comprehensive regulatory framework for a hydrogen market. The EU gas market design and the Clean Energy Package could serve as basis and example for the regulation of the hydrogen market.
  • Parliament welcomed the Commission’s ambitious goals of increasing the capacity of electrolysers and renewable hydrogen production. It stressed the importance of phasing out fossil-based hydrogen as soon as possible, focussing on the cleanest technologies in terms of sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Citizen engagement
  • Members stressed that citizen engagement will play an important role in the implementation of a fair, successful, participative and inclusive energy transition. Renewable energy communities could be involved in the production of hydrogen.
  • The Commission should adopt an action plan aimed at guiding Member States to develop and maintain dedicated training programmes for workers, engineers, technicians, and the general public, and to create multi-disciplinary teaching programmes for economists, scientists and students.
  • Hydrogen infrastructure
  • There is an urgent need to develop infrastructure for hydrogen production, storage and transport, to incentivise adequate capacity-building, and to develop demand and supply in parallel.
  • The resolution highlighted the financial benefits of placing hydrogen production facilities close to renewable energy production sites or on the same site as demand facilities. It urged the Commission and the Member States to ensure that any potential future gas infrastructure is compatible with pure hydrogen.
  • Hydrogen demand
  • Given that the main lead markets for hydrogen demand are industry, air, maritime and heavy-duty transport, Members believe that, for these sectors, roadmaps for demand development, investment and research needs should be established at EU level.
  • Parliament shares the Commission's view that demand-side measures and clear incentives for hydrogen applications and use in end-use sectors should be considered for a transitional period to stimulate hydrogen demand in order to promote hydrogen decarbonisation where this is necessary to preserve the competitiveness of end-users.
  • Recalling that the transport sector is responsible for a quarter of the EU's CO2 emissions, Parliament stressed the need to deploy refuelling infrastructure to stimulate the use of hydrogen in the transport sector. It stressed the need to strengthen legislation to encourage the use of zero-emission fuels and other clean technologies, including renewable hydrogen, and, once these are fully available, to consider their use in heavy-duty vehicles as well as in air and sea transport.
  • Research, development, innovation and financing
  • Parliament stressed the importance of research, development and innovation to make renewable hydrogen competitive and affordable. The Commission is invited to stimulate research and innovation for the implementation of large-scale pilot and demonstration projects to ensure technology transfer along the hydrogen value chain.
docs/5
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  • The Committee on Industry, Research and Energy adopted the own-initiative report by Jens GEIER (S&D, DE) on a European Strategy for Hydrogen.
  • As hydrogen produced through electrolysis with electricity from renewable energy sources is a clean alternative to fossil fuels and can be used for various purposes, including feedstock for industrial processes, fuel cells and energy storage, it can make a valuable contribution to the achievement of a just transition towards a clean energy system. It can help to decarbonise hard-to-decarbonise sectors in which direct electrification is not yet possible or cost-efficient. However, hydrogen represents only a small part of the European energy mix and 95% of our hydrogen production is currently based on fossil fuels.
  • The EU needs to develop a sustainable hydrogen economy that aims at making clean hydrogen competitive as soon as possible.
  • EU hydrogen strategy
  • Members stressed the need to maintain and further develop EU technological leadership in clean hydrogen through a competitive and sustainable hydrogen economy with an integrated hydrogen market. They emphasised the necessity of an EU hydrogen strategy that covers the whole hydrogen value chain, including the demand and supply sectors, and is aligned with national efforts to ensure that sufficient supplementary renewable electricity generation infrastructure is built for the production of renewable hydrogen and to bring down the costs of renewable hydrogen.
  • Members welcomed the hydrogen strategy for a climate-neutral Europe proposed by the Commission, including the future revision of the Renewable Energy Directive, as well as the growing number of Member State strategies and investment plans for hydrogen.
  • The report stressed that hydrogen produced from renewable sources is key to the EU’s energy transition, as only renewable hydrogen can sustainably contribute to achieving climate neutrality in the long term and avoid lock-in effects and stranded assets.
  • Hydrogen classification and standards
  • Members consider that a common legal classification of the different types of hydrogen is of utmost importance. The Commission’s proposed classification seems to be a good solution according to the report. However, different names for the same type of hydrogen, such as ʻrenewableʼ and ʻcleanʼ hydrogen, should be avoided.
  • The Commission is called on to provide, as early as possible in 2021, a regulatory framework for hydrogen that ensures standardisation, certification, guarantees of origin, labelling and tradability across Member States, and to also use the upcoming revision of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) to examine what changes are needed to unlock the full potential of hydrogen to contribute to the EU’s climate goals, taking into account the risks of carbon leakage.
  • Citizen engagement
  • Members stressed that citizen engagement will play an important role in the implementation of a fair, successful, participative and inclusive energy transition.
  • Moreover, in order to have a properly functioning EU hydrogen market, people with specialised skills are needed, especially with regard to safety. The Commission should adopt an action plan aimed at guiding Member States to develop and maintain dedicated training programmes for workers, engineers, technicians, and the general public, and to create multi-disciplinary teaching programmes for economists, scientists and students.
  • Hydrogen infrastructure
  • There is an urgent need to develop infrastructure for hydrogen production, storage and transport, to incentivise adequate capacity-building, and to develop demand and supply in parallel.
  • The report highlighted the financial benefits of placing hydrogen production facilities close to renewable energy production sites or on the same site as demand facilities. It urged the Commission and the Member States to ensure that any potential future gas infrastructure is compatible with pure hydrogen.
  • Hydrogen demand
  • Given that the main lead markets for hydrogen demand are industry, air, maritime and heavy-duty transport, Members believe that, for these sectors, roadmaps for demand development, investment and research needs should be established at EU level.
  • Members noted that there are obstacles in some of the current regulatory frameworks to the use of hydrogen. Therefore, they encouraged the Commission and the Member States to adapt those regulatory frameworks in order to stimulate hydrogen demand and to eliminate disincentives such as legal uncertainties.
  • Recalling that the transport sector is responsible for a quarter of CO2 emissions in the EU and is the only sector where emissions have not been reduced compared to the 1990 baseline, the report underlined the potential of hydrogen to be one of the instruments used to reduce CO2 emissions in transport modes, in particular where full electrification is more difficult or not yet possible. The deployment of refuelling infrastructure is necessary to boost hydrogen use in the transport sector. In this regard, Members stressed the importance of revising the TEN-T (trans-European transport network) Regulation and the Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Directive to ensure the availability of publicly accessible hydrogen refuelling stations across the EU by including concrete objectives to integrate hydrogen infrastructure in transport systems.
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  • date: 2021-04-26T00:00:00 title: Indicative plenary sitting date, 1st reading/single reading