55 Amendments of Birgit COLLIN-LANGEN related to 2016/0382(COD)
Amendment 153 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 25 a (new)
Recital 25 a (new)
(25a) In order to facilitate the use of renewable energy in the transport sector Member States shall jointly endeavour to gradually increase the share of renewable energy supplied for transport to at least 15% in 2030 at Union level.
Amendment 175 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62
Recital 62
Amendment 181 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 62
Recital 62
(62) The European Strategy for a low- carbon mobility of July 2016 pointed out that food-based biofuels have a limited role in decarbonising the transport sector and should be gradually phased out and replaced by advanced biofuels. To prepare for the transition towards advanced biofuels and minimise the overall indirect land-use change impacts, it is appropriate to reduce the amount of biofuels and bioliquids produced from food and feed crops. In order to foster the uptake of advanced biofuels and ensure investors' confidence in the consistency of Union policies, it is appropriate to maintain at 7 % the share of biofuels and bioliquids produced from food and feed crops in the final consumption of energy in road and rail transport that can be counted towards the Union target set out in this Directive.
Amendment 195 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 63
Recital 63
(63) Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European Parliament and of the Council23 called on the Commission to present without delay a comprehensive proposal for a cost-effective and technology-neutral post-2020 policy in order to create a long- term perspective for investment in sustainable biofuels with a low risk of causing indirect land-use change and in other means of decarbonising the transport sector. An ambitious 15 % incorporation obligation on fuel suppliers can provide certainty for investors, ensure that decarbonisation in the transport sector is achieved, and encourage the continuous development of alternative renewable transport fuels including advanced biofuels, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, and renewable electricity in transport. It is appropriate to set the obligation on fuel suppliers at the same level in each Member State in order to ensure consistency in transport fuel specifications and availability. As transport fuels are traded easily, fuel suppliers in Member States with low endowments of the relevant resources should be able to easily obtain renewable fuels from elsewhere. __________________ 23 Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015 amending Directive 98/70/EC relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (OJ L 239, 15.9.2015, p. 1).
Amendment 204 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 64
Recital 64
(64) ATogether with crop-based biofuels, advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, and renewable electricity in transport can contribute to low carbon emissions, stimulating the decarbonisation of the Union transport sector in a cost- effective manner, and improving inter alia energy diversification in the transport sector while promoting innovation, growth and jobs in the Union economy and reducing reliance on energy imports. The inclusion of those energy sources in the overall incorporation obligation of 15 % on fuels suppliers should encourage continuous development of advanced fuels, including biofuels, and it is important to ensure that the incorporation obligation also incentivises improvements in the greenhouse gas performance of the fuels supplied to meet it. The Commission should assess the greenhouse gas performance, technical innovation and sustainability of those fuels.
Amendment 209 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 65
Recital 65
Amendment 250 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 76
Recital 76
(76) To ensure that, despite the growing demand for forest biomass, harvesting is carried out in a sustainable manner in forests where regeneration is ensured, that special attention is given to areas explicitly designated for the protection of biodiversity, landscapes and specific natural elements, that biodiversity resources are preserved and that carbon stocks are tracked, woody raw material should come only from forests that are harvested in accordance with the principles of sustainable forest management developed under international forest processes such as Forest Europe and are implemented through national laws or the best management practices at the forest holding level. Operators should take the appropriate steps in order to minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass for the production of bioenergy. To that end, operators should put in place a risk- based approach. In this context, it is apporopriate for the Commission to develop operational guidance on the verification of compliance with the risk based approach, following the consultation of the Energy Union Governance Committee, and the Standing Forestry Committee established by Council Decision 89/367/EEC24. __________________ 24 Council Decision 89/367/EEC of 29 May 1989 setting up a Standing Forestry Committee (OJ L 165, 15.6.1989, p. 14).
Amendment 319 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point d d
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point d d
Amendment 338 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Amendment 368 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point n n
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point n n
(nn) '‘biowaste'’ means biodegradable garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste from households, restaurants, caterers and retail premises, and comparable waste from the food processing industrywaste within the meaning of Article 3 of Directive 2008/98/EC;
Amendment 405 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 2
Article 4 – paragraph 2
2. Support for electricity from renewable sources shall be designed so as to integrate electricity from renewable sources in the electricity market and ensure that renewable energy producers are responding to market price signals and maximise their market revenues. Member States my foresee exemptions for small- scale installations, where Member States can demonstrate that the administrative cost of directly or indirectly selling produced electricity in the market would be disproportionate, as well as for demonstration projects.
Amendment 408 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 3
Article 4 – paragraph 3
3. Member States shall ensure that support for renewable electricity is granted in anthrough open, transparent, competitive, non- discriminatory and cost-effective mannertenders, except for small-scale installations, demonstration projects, and where Member States can demonstrate that tenders cannot be made competitive or would lead to a sub-optimal outcome, i.e. higher support levels or/and lower project realization rates.
Amendment 435 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Amendment 449 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
For the calculation of a Member State's gross final consumption of energy from renewable energy sources, the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids, as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport, if produced from food or feed cropscereals and other starch- rich crops, sugar plants, oil plants and plants grown as main crops primarily for energy purposes on agricultural land, shall be no more than 7 % of final consumption of energy in road and rail transport in that Member State. This limit shall be reduced to 3,8 % in 2030 following the trajectory set out in part A of Annex X. Member States may set a lower limit and may distinguish between different types of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops, for instance by setting a lower limit for the contribution from food or feed crop based biofuels produced from oil crops, taking into account indirect land use change.
Amendment 573 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
The minimum share of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin and from renewable electricity shall be at least equal to 1.53% in 2021, increasing up to at least 6.88.3% in 2030, following the trajectory set out in part B of Annex X. Within this total share, the contribution of advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in part A of Annex IX shall be at least 0.5% of the transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market as of 1 January 2021, increasing up to at least 34.6% by 2030, following the trajectory set out in part C of Annex X.
Amendment 602 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 1
(b) for the calculation of the numerator, the energy content of biofuels, biogas, biomass fuels, advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, waste based fossil fuels supplied to all transport sectors, and renewable electricity supplied to road vehiclesfor the transport sector, shall be taken into account.
Amendment 619 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – subparagraph 2
For the calculation of the numerator, the contribution from biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock included in part B of Annex IX shall be limited to 1.74% of the energy content of transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market and the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation and maritime sector shall be considered to be 1.2 times their energy content.
Amendment 630 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 25 – paragraph 1 a (new)
(1a) With effect from 1 January 2021, Member States shall require fuel suppliers to increase the minimum share of energy from biofuels, from renewables in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year from at least 11% in 2021 to at least 15% by 2030.
Amendment 652 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 3 – point a –sub paragraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 3 – point a –sub paragraph 2
However, electricity obtained from direct connection to an installation generating renewable electricity (i) that comes into operation after or at the same time as the installation producing the renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuel of non- biological origin and (ii) is not connected to the grid, can be fully counted as renewable electricity for the production of that renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuel of non-biological origin.
Amendment 655 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 3 – point b
Article 25 – paragraph 3 – subparagraph 3 – point b
(b) When biomass is processed with fossil fuels in a commonfeedstocks and fossil feedstocks are processed in the same process, the amountshares of biofuels in the productoutputs containing these and stemming from this process shall be established applying adequate conversion factors to the biomass input. In case the process yields more than one product, all products stemming from the process shall be assumed to contain the same share of biofuelfeedstock inputs. The same rules shall apply for the purposes of Article 27(1).
Amendment 740 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5
Article 26 – paragraph 5
Amendment 984 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 2 a (new)
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. By derogation from point 2, for biofuels and bioliquids used in the transport sector, values calculated in terms of gCO2eq/MJ may be adjusted to take into account differences between fuels in useful work done, expressed in terms of km/MJ. Such adjustments shall be made only where evidence of the differences in useful work done is provided.
Amendment 985 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 3 – point a – paragraph 1
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 3 – point a – paragraph 1
SAVING = (E F(t) – E B) /E F(t))
Amendment 987 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 4
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 4
4. The greenhouse gases taken into account for the purposes of point 1 shall be CO2, N2O and CH4. For the purpose of calculating CO2 equivalence, those gases shall be valued as follows: CO2 : 1 1 N2O : 29865 CH4 : 25 8
Amendment 988 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 5
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 5
5. Emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials, eec, shall include emissions from the extraction or cultivation process itself; from the collection, drying and storage of raw materials; from waste and leakages; and from the production of chemicals or products used in extraction or cultivation. Capture of CO2 in the cultivation of raw materials shall be excluded. Estimates of emissions from agriculture biomass cultivation may be derived from the use of regional averages for cultivation emissions included in the reports referred to in Article 28 (4) and the information on the disaggregated default values for cultivation emissions included in this Annex, as an alternative to using actual values. In absence of relevant information in the before mentioned reports it is allowed to calculatet is allowed to calculate applying the methodology in the IPCC guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4, Chapter 11(2006) 1a Tier 1, 2 or 3 averages based on local farming practisces based for instance on data of a group of farms, as an alternative to using actual values. calculated for smaller geographical areas than those used in the calculation of the default values, as an alternative to using actual values. __________________ 1ahttp://www.ipcc- nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/pdf/4_Volu me4/V4_11_Ch11_N2O&CO2.pdf
Amendment 990 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 13 – subparagraph 2
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 13 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 992 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 15
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 15
15. Emission saving from carbon capture and replacement, eccr, shall be related directly to the production of biofuel or bioliquid they are attributed to, and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of CO2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used in the energy or transport sectorto replace fossil-derived CO2 used in commercial products and services.
Amendment 993 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 16
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 16
Amendment 994 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 16 a (new)
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 16 a (new)
16a. Emission saving from excess electricity from cogeneration (eee) shall be taken into account in relation to the excess electricity produced by fuel production systems that use cogeneration except where the fuel used for the cogeneration is a co-product other than an agricultural crop residue. In accounting for that excess electricity, the size of the cogeneration unit shall be assumed to be the minimum necessary for the cogeneration unit to supply the heat that is needed to produce the fuel. The greenhouse gas emission saving associated with that excess electricity shall be taken to be equal to the amount of greenhouse gas that would be emitted when an equal amount of electricity was generated in a power plant using the same fuel as the cogeneration unit.
Amendment 995 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 17
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 17
17. Where a fuel production process produces, in combination, the fuel for which emissions are being calculated and one or more other products (co-products), greenhouse gas emissions shall be divided between the fuel or its intermediate product and the co-products in proportion to their energy content (determined by lower heating value in the case of co-products other than electricity and heat). The greenhouse gas intensity of excess useful heat or excess electricity is the same as the greenhouse gas intensity of heat or electricity delivered to the fuel production process and is determined from calculating the greenhouse intensity of all inputs and emissions, including the feedstock and CH4 and N2O emissions, to and from the cogeneration unit, boiler or other apparatus delivering heat or electricity to the fuel production process. In case of cogeneration of electricity and heat the calculation is performed following point 16.
Amendment 996 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 1
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 1
For the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 17, the emissions to be divided shall be eec + e l + esca + those fractions of e p, e td , eccs, and eccr td that take place up to and including the process step at which a co- product is produced. If any allocation to co-products has taken place at an earlier process step in the life-cycle, the fraction of those emissions assigned in the last such process step to the intermediate fuel product shall be used for this purpose instead of the total of those emissions.
Amendment 997 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 3
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 3
Wastes and crop residues, including tree tops and branches, straw, husks, cobs and nut shells, and residues from processing, including crude glycerine (glycerine that is not refined) and bagasse, shall be considered to have zero life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions up to the process of collection of those materials irrespectively of whether they are processed to interim products before being transformed into the final product.
Amendment 998 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 19 – subparagraph 1
Annex V – Part C – paragraph 19 – subparagraph 1
19. For biofuels, for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 3, the fossil fuel comparator E F(t) 94shall be the latest available actual average emissions from the fossil part of petrol and diesel consumed in the Community as reported under Directive 98/70/EC. Where these data are unavailable, this value shall be 94 gCO2eq/MJ.
Amendment 1002 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 3 – point a – subparagraph 1
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 3 – point a – subparagraph 1
SAVING = (E-F(t) – EB(t))/ E-F (t)
Amendment 1003 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 2
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 2
N2O: 29865
Amendment 1004 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 3
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 3
CH4: 258
Amendment 1005 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 1
5. Emissions from the extraction, harvesting or cultivation of raw materials, eec, shall include emissions from the extraction, harvesting or cultivation process itself; from the collection, drying and storage of raw materials; from waste and leakages; and from the production of chemicals or products used in extraction or cultivation. Capture of CO2 in the cultivation of raw materials shall be excluded. Estimates of emissions from agriculture biomass cultivation may be derived from the use of regional averages for cultivation emissions included in the reports referred to in Article 28 (4) of this Directive and the information on the disaggregated default values for cultivation emissions included in this Annex, as an alternative to using actual values. In absence of relevant information in the before mentioned reports it is allowed to calculatet is allowed to calculate applying the methodology in the IPCC guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4, Chapter 11(2006) 1a Tier 1, 2 or 3 averages based on local farming practisces based for instance on data of a group of farms, as an alternative to using actual values. calculated for smaller geographical areas than those used in the calculation of the default values, as an alternative to using actual values. __________________ 1ahttp://www.ipcc- nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/pdf/4_Volu me4/V4_11_Ch11_N2O&CO2.pdf
Amendment 1008 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 13
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 13
13. Emissions of CO2 from fuel in use, eu, shall be taken to be zero for biomass fuels. Emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases (CH4 and N2O) from the fuel in use shall be included in the eu factor.
Amendment 1010 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 15
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 15
15. Emission saving from carbon capture and replacement, eccr, shall be related directly to the production of biomass fuel they are attributed to, and shall be limited to emissions avoided through the capture of CO2 of which the carbon originates from biomass and which is used to replace fossil-derived CO2 used in the energy or transport sectorcommercial products and services.
Amendment 1011 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 16
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 16
Amendment 1012 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 16 a (new)
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 16 a (new)
16a. Emission saving from excess electricity from cogeneration (eee) shall be taken into account in proportion to the excess electricity produced by fuel production systems that use cogeneration except where the fuel used for the cogeneration is a co-product other than an agricultural crop residue. In accounting for that excess electricity, the size of the cogeneration unit shall be assumed to be the minimum necessary for the cogeneration unit to supply the heat that is needed to produce the fuel. The greenhouse gas emission saving associated with that excess electricity shall be taken to be equal to the amount of greenhouse gas that would be emitted when an equal amount of electricity was generated in a power plant using the same fuel as the cogeneration unit.
Amendment 1013 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 17
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 17
17. Where a biomass fuel production process produces, in combination, the fuel for which emissions are being calculated and one or more other products ("co- products"), greenhouse gas emissions shall be divided between the fuel or its intermediate product and the co-products in proportion to their energy content (determined by lower heating value in the case of co-products other than electricity and heat). The greenhouse gas intensity of excess useful heat or excess electricity is the same as the greenhouse gas intensity of heat or electricity delivered to the biomass fuel production process and is determined from calculating the greenhouse gas intensity of all inputs and emissions, including the feedstock and CH4 and N2O emissions, to and from the cogeneration unit, boiler or other apparatus delivering heat or electricity to the biomass fuel production process. In case of cogeneration of electricity and heat the calculation is performed following point 16.
Amendment 1014 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 1
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 1
18. For the purposes of the calculations referred to in point 17, the emissions to be divided shall be eec + el + esca + those fractions of ep, etd, eccs and eccrtd that take place up to and including the process step at which a co-product is produced. If any allocation to co-products has taken place at an earlier process step in the life-cycle, the fraction of those emissions assigned in the last such process step to the intermediate fuel product shall be used for this purpose instead of the total of those emissions.
Amendment 1015 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 3
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 18 – subparagraph 3
Wastes and crop residues, including tree tops and branches, straw, husks, cobs and nut shells, and residues from processing, including crude glycerine (glycerine that is not refined) and bagasse, shall be considered to have zero life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions up to the process of collection of those materials irrespectively of whether they are processed to interim products before being transformed into the final product.
Amendment 1016 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 19 – subparagraph 4
Annex VI – Part B – paragraph 19 – subparagraph 4
For biomass fuels, used as transport fuels for the purposes of the calculation referred to in point 3, the fossil fuel comparator ECF(t) shall be the latest available actual average emissions from the fossil part of petrol and diesel consumed in the Community as reported under Directive 98/70/EC. Where these data are unavailable, this value shall be 94 gCO2eq/MJ.
Amendment 1021 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point a a (new)
Annex IX – Part A – point a a (new)
(aa) Pulp from sugar and other industries provided that industry standards for the feedstock processing have been respected;
Amendment 1022 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point a b (new)
Annex IX – Part A – point a b (new)
(ab) Sugary liquids from extraction not fit for sugar crystallization after reprocessing and excluding feedstocks listed in part B of this Annex.
Amendment 1054 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point q a (new)
Annex IX – Part A – point q a (new)
(qa) Carbon capture and utilisation for transport purposes, if the energy source is renewable in accordance with point (a) of the second paragraph of Article 2.
Amendment 1072 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part B – point c a (new)
Annex IX – Part B – point c a (new)
(ca) Green run-off provided that industry standards for the extraction of sugar have been respected.
Amendment 1073 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part B – point c b (new)
Annex IX – Part B – point c b (new)
(cb) Low grade starch slurry provided that industry standards for the extraction of starch have been respected.
Amendment 1079 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex X – part A
Annex X – part A
Amendment 1098 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex X – Part B
Annex X – Part B
Amendment 1109 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex X – Part C
Annex X – Part C
Part C: Minimum shares of energy from advanced biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Part A of Annex IX as referred to in Article 25(1) Calendar year Minimum share 2021 0.5 % 2022 0.7 % 2023 0.9 % 2024 1.1 % 2025 12.3 % 2026 12.75 % 2027 23.2 % 2028 23.65 % 2029 34.1 % 2030 34.6 %
Amendment 1205 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 2
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4 – point b – paragraph 2
For the calculation of the numerator, the contribution from biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock included in part B of Annex IX shall be limited to 1.74% of the energy content of transport fuels supplied for consumption or use on the market; and the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation and maritime sector shall be considered to be 1.2 times their energy content.
Amendment 1211 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – point 1 (new)
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – point 1 (new)
(1) With effect from 1 January 2021, Member States shall require fuel suppliers to include in the transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year a minimum share of energy from renewable sources, which shall be 11% in 2021. This minimum percentage should be increased gradually to 15% by 2030.