Activities of Merja KYLLÖNEN related to 2016/0382(COD)
Shadow opinions (1)
OPINION on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (recast)
Amendments (32)
Amendment 44 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3
Recital 3
(3) In particular, increasing technological improvements, incentives for the use and expansion of public transport and by creating a long-term perspective for investment in new and emerging technological innovation in logistics, the use of energy efficiency technologies and the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources in the electricity, heating and cooling sectors as well as in the transport and logistics sector are very effective tools, , together with energy efficiency measures, for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the Union and the Union's dependence on imported gas and oil.
Amendment 88 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 64 a (new)
Recital 64 a (new)
(64a) As a means to decarbonise the shipping sector BioLNG use should be promoted for use in sector. BioLNG produced form wastes through anaerobic digestion have high GHG savings potential. BioLNG, is a drop-in fuel for LNG powered ships, and the guarantee of origin system for biogas should be developed to allow grid injection of biomethane to meet the demand in ports.
Amendment 99 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) It is thus appropriate to establish a Union binding target of at least 2735% share of renewable energy. Member States should define their contribution to the achievement of this target as part of their Integrated National Energy and Climate Plans through the governance process set out in Regulation [Governance].
Amendment 114 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point f f
Amendment 134 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
For the calculation of a Member State's gross final consumption of energy from renewable energy sources, the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids, as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport, if produced from food or feed crops, shall be no more than 7% of final consumption of energy in road and rail transport in that Member State. This limit shall be reduced to 3,80% in 2030 following the trajectory set out in part A of Annex X. The contribution from food and feed crop- based biofuels and bioliquids produced from oil crops, including palm oil, shall be reduced to 0% no later than 2020. Member States may set a lower limit and may distinguish between different types of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops, for instance by setting a lower limit for the contribution from food or feed crop based biofuels produced from oil crops, taking into account indirect land use change.
Amendment 139 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 4 – point b a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 4 – point b a (new)
(ba) For the purpose of complying with the target set out in Article 3(1)(a), the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation sector shall be considered to be 2 times the energy content.
Amendment 140 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 2
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 2
The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 32 to amend the list of feedstocks in parts A and B of Annex IX in order to add feedstocks, but not to remove them. Each delegated act shall be based on an analysis of the latest scientific and technical progress, taking due account of the principles of the waste hierarchy established in Directive 2008/98/EC, in compliance with the Union sustainability criteria, supporting the conclusion that the feedstock in question does not create an additional demand for land and promoting the use of wastes and residues, while avoiding significant distortive effects on markets for (by-)products, wastes or residues, delivering substantial greenhouse gas emission savings compared to fossil fuels, based on a life cycle assessment of emissions including emissions from the land sector and possible displacement effects, and not creating risk of negative impacts on the environment and biodiversity.
Amendment 170 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
With effect from 1 January 2021, Member States shall require fuel suppliers to include a minimum share of energy from advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX, from renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin, from waste-based fossil fuels and from renewable electricity in the total amount of transport fuels they supply for consumption or use on the market in the course of a calendar year.
Amendment 173 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 a (new)
The use of biogas in transport shall be primarily reserved for the shipping sector, where BioLNG represents an existing advanced renewable fuel. The infrastructure developments set out in Directive 2014/94/EU shall accommodate to the use of BioLNG in the maritime sector, where currently limited other renewable options exist.
Amendment 194 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 25 – paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. In order to facilitate the penetration of renewable energy in the transport sector, each Member State shall endeavour to gradually increase the share of renewable energy that fulfils the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions savings criteria, supplied for transport from at least 10 % in 2020 to at least 15% in 2030, expressed in terms of national share of final energy consumption and calculated according to the methodology set out in Article 7.
Amendment 198 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 6 a (new)
Article 25 – paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. Biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forestry biomass taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 shall not be produced from roundwood greater than 10 centimetres in diameter and stumps, and shall only be made from the biomass fraction of wastes and residues from forestry and forest- based industries, namely bark, branches, leaves, needles, tree tops, saw dust, cutter shavings, black liquor, brown liquor, fibre sludge and lignin.
Amendment 268 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 78
Recital 78
(78) Biomass fuels should be converted into electricity and heat in an efficient way in order to maximise energy security and greenhouse gas savings, as well as to limit emissions of air pollutants and minimise the pressure on limited biomass resources. For this reason, public support to installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 205 MW, if needed, should only be given to highly efficient combined power and heat installations as defined Article 2(34) of Directive 2012/27/EU. Existing support schemes for biomass- based electricity should however be allowed until their due end date for all biomass installations. In addition electricity produced from biomass in new installations with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 205 MW should only count towards renewable energy targets and obligations in the case of highly efficient combined power and heat installations. In accordance with State aid rules, Member States should however be allowed to grant public support for the production of renewables to installations, and count the electricity they produce towards renewable energy targets and obligations, in order to avoid an increased reliance on fossil fuels with higher climate and environmental impacts where, after exhausting all technical and economic possibilities to install highly efficient combined heat and power biomass installations, Member States would face a substantiated risk to security of supply of electricity.
Amendment 284 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 101
Recital 101
(101) Since the objectives of this Directive, namely to achieve at least 2735% share of energy from renewable sources in the Union's gross final consumption of energy by 2030, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States but can rather, by reason of the scale of the action, be better achieved at Union level, the Union may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty on European Union. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve those objectives.
Amendment 316 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point y
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point y
(y) ‘waste heat or coldenergy’ means theat or cold which is generated asrmal energy which is not ambient according to (b) and is generated as an unavailable by- product in industrial or power generation installationin buildings and which would be dissipated unused in air or water without access to a district or other dedicated heating or cooling recovery system;
Amendment 327 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
Article 2 – paragraph 2 – point e e
(ee) ‘advanced biofuels’ means biofuels that are produced from feare sustainable biofuels made of waste and residues as defined in existing EU legislation.1a __________________ 1a“Waste” as defined in Article 3(1) in the Waste Framework Directive (Directive 2008/98/EC) and referreds tocks listed in part A of Annex IX; in Article 2, second paragraph, (p) in the existing Renewable Energy Directive (Directive 2009/28/EC and “Residue” as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, (t) in the existing Renewable Energy Directive (Directive 2009/28/EC)
Amendment 386 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 3 – paragraph 1
Article 3 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall collectively ensure that the share of energy from renewable sources in the Union’s gross final consumption of energy in 2030 is at least 2735%.
Amendment 443 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
For the calculation of a Member State’s gross final consumption of energy from renewable energy sources, the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids, as well as from biomass fuels consumed in transport, if produced from food or feed crops, shall be no more than 7% of final consumption of energy in road and rail transport in that Member State. This limit shall be reduced to 3,8% in 2030 following the trajectory set out in part A of Annex X. The contribution from food and feed crop- based biofuels and bioliquids produced from oil crops, including palm oil, shall be reduced to 0% no later than 2021. Member States may set a lower limit and may distinguish between different types of biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from food and feed crops, for instance by setting a lower limit for the contribution from food or feed crop based biofuels produced from oil crops, taking into account indirect land use change.
Amendment 462 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 4 – point b a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 4 – point b a (new)
(ba) For the purpose of complying with the target set out in Article 3(1), the contribution of fuels supplied in the aviation sector shall be considered to be 2 times the energy content.
Amendment 467 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 2
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 2
The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 32 to amend the list of feedstocks in parts A and B of Annex IX in order to add feedstocks, but not to remove them. Each delegated act shall be based on an analysis of the latest scientific and technical progress and market developments, taking due account of the principles of the waste hierarchy established in Directive 2008/98/EC and the cascading use principle, in compliance with the Union sustainability criteria, supporting the conclusion that the feedstock in question does not create an additional demand for land and promoting the use of wastes and residues, while avoiding significant distortive effects on markets for (by-)products, wastes or residues, delivering substantial greenhouse gas emission savings compared to fossil fuels, and not creating risk of negative impacts on the environment and biodiversitytaking into account displacement effects of other uses of the feedstocks concerned, and not creating risk of negative impacts on the environment and biodiversity. If the feedstock concerned is used for higher-value non-energy products, is limited in availability and/or cannot be substituted by other feedstocks, it should not be incentivised for direct energy use.
Amendment 480 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 3
Article 7 – paragraph 5 – subparagraph 3
Every 2 years, the Commission shall carry out an evaluation of the list of feedstocks in parts A and B of Annex IX in order to add feedstocks, in line with the principles set out in this paragraph. The first evaluation shall be carried out no later than 6 months after [date of entry into force of this Directive]. If appropriate, the Commission shall adopt delegated acts to amend the list of feedstocks in parts A and B of Annex IX in order to add feedstocks, but not to remove them. Biofuels made from feedstocks that have been removed by the Commission from the Annex IX list and that are used in existing installations prior to [the date of entry into force of this Directive] may be counted to national targets until 2025 provided that their capacity is not increased through new investments after the removal of the feedstock of the Annex IX.
Amendment 589 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 25 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
The greenhouse gas emission savings from the use of advanced biofuels and other biofuels and biogas produced from feedstock listed in Annex IX and renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin shall be at least 70% as of 1 January 2021.
Amendment 658 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 25 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
Article 25 – paragraph 4 – subparagraph 1
4. Member StatesThe Commission shall put in place a database and transfer platform enabling tracing of transport fuels and renewable electricity that are eligible for counting towards the numerator set out in paragraph 1(b), and require the relevanoint (b) of paragraph 1. Member States shall require fuel suppliers to enter in the database the total annual quantities of energy they have supplied to the transport seconomic operatorstor as defined in the denominator in point (a) of paragraph 1. Suppliers of renewable energy in transport as defined in the numerator in point (b) of paragraph 1 shall be required to enter information on the transactions made and the sustainability characteristics of the eligible fuels, including their life cycle greenhouse gas emissions, starting from their point of production to the fuel supplier that places the fuel on the market. Aggregated data shall be made publicly available from the database showing how each fuel supplier meets the obligation. The database shall include information on the requirement placed on fuel suppliers described in paragraph 1 and how the requirement is fulfilled, including transfers of obligations between fuel suppliers
Amendment 707 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Article 26 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Biomass fuels shall have to fulfil the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions saving criteria set out in paragraphs 2 to 7 only if used in installations producing electricity, heating and cooling or fuels with a fuel capacity equal to or exceeding 205 MW in case of solid biomass fuels and with an electrical capacity equal to or exceeding 0.5 MW in case of gaseous biomass fuels. Member States may apply the sustainability and greenhouse gas emission saving criteria to installations with lower fuel capacity.
Amendment 744 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5
Article 26 – paragraph 5
5. Biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forestry biomass taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 shall meet the following requirements to minimise the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass production: (a) biomass was harvested has national and/or sub-national laws applicable in the area of harvest as well as monitoringnot be produced from roundwood greater than 10 centimetres in diameter and stumps, and shall only be made from the biomass fraction of wastes and residues from forestry and enforcement systems in place ensuring that: i) harvesting is carried out in accordance to the conditions of the harvesting permit within legally gazetted boundaries; ii) areas takes place; iv) the impacts of forest harvesting on soil quality and biodiversity are minimised; and v) long-term production capacity of the forest; (b) first subparagraph is not available, the biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produest-based industries, namely bark, branches, leaves, needles, tree tops, saw dust, cutter shavings, black liquor, brown liquor, fibre sludge and lignin. the country in which forest forest regeneration of harvested harvesting does not exceed from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 if management systems are in place at forest holding level to ensure that: i) the forest biomass has been harvested according to a legal permit; ii) areas takes place; iii) including peatlands and wetlands, are identified and protected; iv) quality and biodiversity are minimised; v) long-term production capacity of the forest.the when evidence referred to in the forest regeneration of harvested areas of high conservation value, impacts of forest harvesting on soil harvesting does not exceed the
Amendment 745 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – introductory part
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – introductory part
5. Biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 shall meet the following requirements to minimise and remove the risk of using unsustainable forest biomass production:
Amendment 749 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point i
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point i
i) harvesting is carried out in accordance to the conditionrequirements of the harvesting permit within legally gazetted boundaries;
Amendment 753 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point ii
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point ii
ii) forest regeneration of harvested areas takes place, excluding forest sites on peatlands where the site will be designated to forest restoration for the purposes of biodiversity conservation;
Amendment 773 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point iv
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point a – point iv
iv) the impacts of forest harvesting on soil and water quality and biodiversity are minimised; and
Amendment 820 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point iv
Article 26 – paragraph 5 – point b – point iv
iv) impacts of forest harvesting on soil and water quality and biodiversity are minimised;
Amendment 858 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 26 – paragraph 6 a (new)
Article 26 – paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. Biofuels, bioliquids and biomass fuels produced from forest biomass shall be taken into account for the purposes referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of paragraph 1 if certified according to PEFC or FSC certification requirements.
Amendment 1036 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point h
Annex IX – Part A – point h
(h) Tall oil and tall oil pitch.
Amendment 1052 #
Proposal for a directive
Annex IX – Part A – point q
Annex IX – Part A – point q
(q) Other ligno-cellulosic material as defined in point (r) of the second paragraph of Article 2 except saw logs and, veneer logs and industrial pulpwood.