Activities of Barbara SPINELLI related to 2015/2063(INI)
Plenary speeches (2)
Prevention of radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations (debate) IT
Prevention of radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations (debate) FR
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on the prevention of radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations PDF (231 KB) DOC (209 KB)
Amendments (105)
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1
Citation 1
– having regard to Articles 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 21 of the Treaty on European Union and to Articles 4, 8, 10, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 75, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 and 88 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 a (new)
Citation 1 a (new)
- having regard to the European Fundamental Rights Agency EU-MIDIS Data in Focus Report 2: Muslims and survey on Jewish people's experiences and perceptions of hate crime and discrimination in European Union Member States.
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 b (new)
Citation 1 b (new)
- having regard to the resolution adopted by the United Nations Security Council on 8 October 2004 concerning Threats to International Peace and Security Caused by Terrorism
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 c (new)
Citation 1 c (new)
- having Regard to the European Court of Justice rulings C-373/13 H. T. v Land Baden-Württemberg and Joined Cases C- 57/09 and C-101/09 Bundesrepublik Deutschland v B and D;
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas moreit is estimated thant 5000 European citizens have joined terrorist organisations, particularly ISIS (Da'esh) in Iraq and Syria; whereas this phenomenon is speeding up and taking on significant proportions;
Amendment 26 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas the terroristEuropean Union has condemned the attacks in Paris, Copenhagen and Tunis in early 2015 highlight the security threat which is posed by the presence and movement of these foreign fighters in Europe; whereas the European Union has condemned these attacks in the strongest terms and has committed itself to combat terrorism alongside the Member Statein the strongest terms;
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B a (new)
Recital B a (new)
Ba. whereas the vast majority of terrorist attacks in EU countries have for years been perpetrated by separatist organizations
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B a (new)
Recital B a (new)
Ba. whereas the recruitment of EU citizens and non-EU nationals residing in the EU for terrorism has also links with unemployment, social exclusion, lack of opportunities and poverty; whereas the financial and economic crisis in Europe, which hit with particular intensity certain EU Member States and forced the imposition of harsh austerity plans, did make matters worse throwing thousands into poverty and into a jobless future;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
Ca. whereas violent far-right extremism, which has led to tragic events such as the attacks in Norway on 22 July 2011, is a growing danger across Europe and is the consequence of the increasing normalisation of xenophobic and islamophobic political discourses; whereas, precisely, radicalisation is a wide-ranging phenomenon that concerns all terrorist motivations, be it political, social, ethnic or religious;
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B b (new)
Recital B b (new)
Bb. whereas violent far-right extremism has led to tragic events such as the attacks in Norway on 22 July 2011 and is a growing danger across Europe and the consequence of the increasing legitimisation of xenophobic and islamophobic political discourses.
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B c (new)
Recital B c (new)
Bc. Given the resurgence of far right vigilante groups, with youth from France, Spain, Serbia, Italy and Sweden, travelling to Ukraine to fight with fascist groups alongside Russia.
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B d (new)
Recital B d (new)
Bd. whereas, according to Europol in 2013 there were 152 terrorist attacks in the EU. Two of them were "religiously motivated." 84 were motivated by ethno- nationalist or separatist beliefs. In 2012, there were 219 terrorist attacks in EU countries, six of them were "religiously motivated."
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas combating terrorism and preventing the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations still falls essentially within the sphere of competence of the Member States, but whereas a concerted European approach is necessary to harmonise the legislation that applies in an area where European citizens are free to move;
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
Ca. Whereas this report must also be the occasion to address the actions of every kind of terrorist organization, despite their perceived association to any religion, nationality, or ethnic group.
Amendment 60 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C b (new)
Recital C b (new)
Cb. whereas Jewish communities are one of the targets of these terrorist and anti- Semitic attacks, leading to an increasing perception of insecurity and fear within the Jewish communities in Europe.
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas a number of instruments already exist in Europe to address the radicalisationecruitment of European citizens in terrorist organisations and whereas the European Union and its Member States should show there-orientate their policies in a way that prioritises prevention by are making full use of thescognising and addressing the multiple factors which push people to extreme violence;
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas the extent to which the sState assumes responsibility for the risk of radicalisationprevention of recruitment can vary greatly from one Member State to another; whereas, while some Member States have already taken effective measures, others are lagging behind in their action to tackle this phenomenon;
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)
Recital E a (new)
Ea. whereas some of these measures can have discriminatory effects on some communities, including on Muslims or those perceived as such
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
Recital F
F. whereas European action is required as a matter of urgency to prevent the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens in order to contain this growing phenomenon so as to stem the flow of departures by European citizens to conflict zones and prevent other terrorist acts from being committed on European soil;
Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
Recital G
G. whereas the important thing now is to put greater stress on preventive rather than reactive measures to address the radicalviolent extremisation of European citizens and their recruitment by terrorist organisations;
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
Recital H
H. whereas it is essential that fundamental rights and civil liberties be respected in all measures undertaken by the European Union and the Member States; whereas the security of European citizens is not incompatible with guaranteeing their freedoms; whereas, indeed, these two principles are two sides of the same coin;must preserve their liberties, by respecting international standards of fundamental rights
Amendment 107 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
Recital H a (new)
Ha. whereas it is essential to clearly distinguish behaviours aimed at preparing and/or supporting terrorist attacks and acts or opinions by extremists that lack the "mens rea" and "actus reus"
Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
Recital H a (new)
Ha. whereas terrorism and foreign fighters' recruitment have heightened intolerance towards religious and ethnic communities in several countries in Europe; whereas a holistic strategy to combat discrimination in general and Islamophobia and anti-Semitism in particular are crucial instruments to curb radicalisation;
Amendment 120 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Calls on the Commission to establish as quickly as possible a global strategy to prevent the rvaluate the effectiveness and impact of the ongoing EU Strategy for Combating Radicalisation and rRecruitment of European citizens, taking into account all vectors of radicalviolent extremisation, on the basis of the exchange of best practice within the European Union and the evaluation of measures undertaken in the Member States, including the February 2015 Washington Summit on Countering Violent Extremism; takes the view that the Commission should develop an intensive communication strategy on preventing the radicalisation andspread of violent extremism and the recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations; recommends for this purpose the significant implication of civil society organisations, religious or not, which are holding experience and expertise to prevent the spread of violent extremism. Consultation and participation of civil society should be without prejudice to those NGOs which do not want to participate in such efforts.
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Requests the full disclosure of the EU Council Action plans and guidelines on the ongoing EU Strategy for Combating Radicalisation and Recruitment to Terrorism;
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 b (new)
Paragraph 1 b (new)
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 c (new)
Paragraph 1 c (new)
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Calls on the Commission to establish a common definition of ‘foreign fighters' and to carry out an in-depth study of the primary causes, the process and the various influences which lead to radicalisaviolent extremism and best practices among Member States for its prevention;
Amendment 157 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Stresses the importance of making the fullest use of existing instruments to combat the radicalisation andaddress the primary causes, to prevent and combat the spread of violent extremism and the recruitment of European citizens by violent extremist and terrorist organisations; recommends that more use should be made of European funds to that end; stresses the major role which can be played by the Radicalisation Awareness Network (RAN) in taking on this objective of stamping out the , including an important provision of funds in order to promote social, economic, housing and living inclusion and strengthen the education system and its capacity building; stresses the major role which can be played by the Radicalisation Awareness Network (RAN) in taking on this objective; recommends the RAN to consult and draw on the expertise and grassroots experience of different communities and especially youth NGOs across Europe and look at "radicaliszation of European citizens;" in a comprehensive way to include all forms of violent extremism, as part of a complex phenomenon.
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading II
Subheading II
II. Preventing radicalisationthe spread of violent extremism and recruitment in prisons
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Stresses that prisons remain a breeding groundone of several environments for the spread of radicalviolent extremist ideologies; calls on the Commission to encourage the exchange of best practices among the Member States in order to counter the increase of radicalisationviolent extremism in Europe's prisons; deplore however the overcrowding of prisons, leading to poor conditions in prisons in several Member states
Amendment 176 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Calls on the Commission to publishropose guidelines on measures to be implemented in Europe's prisons aimed at preventing Europeans from becoming radicalised; recommends that the Member States segregate radicalised inmates withguaranteeing full respect of human rights and preventing their prisons in order to prevent radicalism from being imposed through intimidation on o spread of violent extremism, also by addressing situations such as isolation and labelling of ther inmates and to contain radicalisation in those institutions;which could make it easier to be vulnerable to recruitment tactics.
Amendment 190 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Supports the establishment of specialised European training for prison staff in order to teach them to detect radical behaviour; stresses the importance of appropriately training and recruiting prison chaplains so that they can not only adequately meet prisoners' cultural needs in prisons, but also counter radical discbe able to have a positive role in the prevention of violent extremist behaviourse;
Amendment 199 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1 (new)
Paragraph 6 – subparagraph 1 (new)
Reiterates the importance to ensure freedom of religion in prisons and therefore stresses the importance of appropriately recruiting, training and provide funding to an adequate number of prison chaplains so that they can adequately meet prisoners' cultural and spiritual needs in prisons, and by this way help the prisoner in his potential will to counter violent extremist discourses;
Amendment 202 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7
Paragraph 7
7. EncouragesCalls for the establishment of adequate funding of educational programmes in Europe's prisons in order to promote critical thinking and reintegration into society to inmates vulnerable to pressure from radicals in prison;
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 a (new)
Paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. Calls for the strengthening, or the creation where necessary, of a complete system of social services supporting inmates and their families during imprisonment and their reintegration into society afterwards;
Amendment 212 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 b (new)
Paragraph 7 b (new)
7b. Believes programmes where trained and willing former prisoners act as mentors to help the rehabilitation of inmates and newly-released prisoners should be promoted and supported financially by Member States;
Amendment 213 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 c (new)
Paragraph 7 c (new)
7c. Encourages the promotion of alternatives to detention of inmates, especially for minor crimes
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 d (new)
Paragraph 7 d (new)
7d. Recognizes that central to such efforts is a prison environment which fully respects the human rights of inmates and complies with international and regional standards, including the UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners;
Amendment 217 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading III
Subheading III
III. Preventing online radicalextremisation
Amendment 230 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Recalls that the internet plays a significant role in fuelling the radicalviolent extremisation of European citizens, as it facilitates the rapid, large-scale distribution of hate messages and praise for terrorism; expresses concern at the impact that such messages praising terrorism have on some young people, who are particularly vulnerable; calls for a dialogue to bnotes the plaunched at European level with the internet giants with a view to preventing the online distribution of hate messages and to eradicating them swiftlyns outlined in the European agenda on security (COM(2015) 185 final of 28 April 2015 and COM(2013) 941 final of 15 January 2015) to set up an internet intermediaries forum as a measure to address terrorism;
Amendment 243 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8 a (new)
Paragraph 8 a (new)
8a. Is against any State control or surveillance policy of internet, and against any cooperation between States and internet providers
Amendment 253 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. Feels that the internet giants should be made aware of their responsibilities so that they delete illegal content as quickly as possible; believes that the Member States should plan for the possibility of bringing criminal prosecuRecalls the EU's legal framework for internet provider liability, believes that the Member States should take all necessary measures to take actions against digital actors who do not take action in response to the spread of illicit messages or messages praising terrorism on their internet platforminternet intermediaries who fail to act expeditiously upon receiving knowledge of clearly illegal information being hosted on their servers; believes that refusal or failure to cooperate on the part of internet platforms which allow such messages to circulate should be consideremain online should be subject to sanctions if expeditious measureds an act of complicity with praising terrorism and should consequently be punishedre not taken by the intermediary, upon gaining actual knowledge of the illegality of the material; these measures should be based on the applicable legislation and should undergo judicial oversight;
Amendment 272 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10
Paragraph 10
10. FeelNotes, however, that the internet is an effective platform for spreading discourse opposed to hate speech and praise for terrorism; calls on the digital giants to cooperate with the Member States in order to take part Member States to ensure that excessive liability is not imposed on internet intermediaries, which could lead to arbitrary restrictions that would undermine the spread of prevention messages calling for the development of critical thinking and for a process of deradicalisationisengagement;
Amendment 284 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10 – subparagraph 1 (new)
Paragraph 10 – subparagraph 1 (new)
Believes indeed that, although governments are increasingly relying on censorship and filtering methods to counter online extremism, these measures are not only ineffective and costly but potentially counter-productive;
Amendment 290 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11
Paragraph 11
11. States that the major internet giantcompanies, through internet referencing, have the power to promote radicalisation prevention messages aimed at countering messages that praise terrorism; feels that it is thus their duty to highlight messages that opposegainst violent extremism; notes however that, in a very complex environment, vigilante action by such companies could be, or could suddenly become, counterproductive and violate the right to privacy; notes that such companies hatve speech and praise for terrorism, thereby making online radicalisation more difficultneither the democratic legitimacy not the motivation to implement diligent ongoing review processes necessary for such activities to be carried out safely;
Amendment 305 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12
Paragraph 12
12. Supports the introduction of measures enabling all internet users to flag illegal content circulating on the internet and on social media networks easily and quickly, while respecting basic freedoms andfundamental rights, especially freedom of expression;
Amendment 309 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13
Paragraph 13
13. FeelAffirms that every Member State should set up a special unit tasked with flagging illicit content on the internet and with facilitating the detection and removal of content that does not conform to the host internet platform's charter and rules; proposes that such units could cooperate with a European unit responsible for dealing with flaggingis clearly illegal , thereby ensuring that investigations can be undertaken without undue delay;
Amendment 322 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13 – subparagraph 1 (new)
Paragraph 13 – subparagraph 1 (new)
These special units should not become a centralized censorship centre
Amendment 334 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14
Paragraph 14
14. Believes that online radicalviolent extremisation cannot be stamped outaddressed comprehensively without reinforcassessing the tools available to the EU to combat cybercrime; recommends that the European Union strengthenreassess the mandate of the European Cybercrime Centre so that it can play an effective role in better protecting European citizens against online threats and detecting the digital processes used by terrorist organisations;
Amendment 335 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 a (new)
Paragraph 14 a (new)
14a. Observes the very limited scope of that efforts made by Member States in the deployment of counter-discourse, since they lack of legitimacy in the eyes of their targeted public; notes the financial means and the considerable resources of violent extremist speech perpetrators on internet, recommends that the European Commission and the Member States provide civil society organisations with the necessary financial and structural means in order to lead the fight of counter- discourse with efficiency, legitimacy and on the long term.
Amendment 336 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 a (new)
Paragraph 14 a (new)
14a. Urges Member States to make sure that educational programmes on the use of internet exist in every school (primary education through secondary education) aiming at educating and training responsible, critical and law-abiding internet users;
Amendment 338 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 b (new)
Paragraph 14 b (new)
14b. Considers that all measures and new policy making on the part of the EU and of the Member States must obey the proportionality principle and be compliant with fundamental rights and EU values and principles; is of the view that judicial checks must be introduced in all new legislation on the matter, especially in areas where this might impact on freedom of expression and freedom of the media;
Amendment 339 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading IV
Subheading IV
IV. Preventing radicalisationviolent extremism through education, and integratti-discrimination and social inclusion
Amendment 352 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
15. Stresses that schools and education have an important role to play in preventing radicalisationthe spread of violent extremism; recalls the crucial role that schools play in helping to promote integration and develop critical thinking; calls on the Member States to investigate the possibility of introducing, where it does not already exist, education on religious issues in schoolstolerance and anti-discrimination in schools; highlights that Member States should also ensure that schools' education and internal functioning respect and promotes the fundamental values of the Union (non-discrimination, contribution from all minorities to Europe, democratic participation, respect for diversity, critical thinking and individuality, following Article 29 of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child);
Amendment 353 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
15. Stresses that schools and education have an important role to play in preventing radicalisationthe spread of violent extremism; recalls the crucial role that schools play in helping to promote integration and develop critical thinking; calls on the Member States to investigate the possibility of introducing, where it does not already exist, education on religious issues in schoolstolerance and anti-discrimination in schools; highlights that Member States should also ensure that schools' education internal functioning respect and promote the fundamental values of the Union (non-discrimination, contribution from all minorities to Europe, democratic participation, respect for diversity, critical thinking and individuality);
Amendment 361 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 a (new)
Paragraph 15 a (new)
15a. Stresses that discrimination, exclusion and restrictions on freedoms and rights of individuals as well as economic and geographical marginalization (ghettoization) contribute to their experience of alienation and exclusion. Calls therefore Member States to diligently implement EU anti- discrimination instruments (including the Racial Equality Directive 2000/43/EC) and make full use of the European Charter on Fundamental Rights and invites Member States to ratify the European Social Charter;
Amendment 362 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 b (new)
Paragraph 15 b (new)
15b. Calls the European Union and Member States to take serious measures to address discrimination, islamophobia and social exclusion and to ensure that citizens from all backgrounds have equal protection of the law and that hate crimes against all groups are taken seriously. Attacks on all communities must be condemned; all citizens need to feel protected by the State.
Amendment 363 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 c (new)
Paragraph 15 c (new)
15c. At EU level, stresses that tackling discrimination and social exclusion must be part of a counter-extremism strategy
Amendment 364 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 d (new)
Paragraph 15 d (new)
15d. Calls for a strong involvement of the municipalities and local administrations in the development of policies aimed at a more inclusive urban reorganisation of the cities and their suburbs
Amendment 379 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16
Paragraph 16
16. Calls on the European Union to carry out, together with relevant experts such as the RAN, a communication campaign to raise the awareness of young people, as well as supervisory staff, as regards issues of radicalisationviolent extremism; calls on the Member States to introduceprovide educational staff with a specialist training for teaching staff so that they can detect any suspicious changes in behaviour and properly superviseand appropriated tools so that they can understand the emergence of possible changes in behaviour and be prepared to talk in a dialectic way with young people who are at risk of being recruited by terrorist organisations;
Amendment 382 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 a (new)
Paragraph 16 a (new)
16a. Calls the EU to issue guidelines to ensure schools incorporate fundamental rights and democracy in their teaching and practices, and to extend participation of young people in the activities of their schools, to practice real values of citizenship and participation.
Amendment 384 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 b (new)
Paragraph 16 b (new)
16b. Calls on the Commission to make an effort to extend Erasmus+ and mobility programmes to benefit marginalized groups
Amendment 385 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 c (new)
Paragraph 16 c (new)
16c. Calls for more Member State and EU support to youth projects and especially projects promoting cross-community dialogue, social inclusion and employment schemes, and to ensure that EU and national budgets for youth projects are not cut;
Amendment 386 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 d (new)
Paragraph 16 d (new)
16d. Calls on the EU and Member States to prioritize youth projects involving youth from different backgrounds and from marginalized areas;
Amendment 391 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17
Paragraph 17
17. Stresses that it is vital to engage in dialogue with the various cultural- religious communities in order to help reach a better understanding of the phenomenon of radicalisationviolent extremism; draws the Member States' attention to the issue of training religious leaders in order to prevent preachers of hate from appearing in places of worship in Europe, and also of training prison chaplains, particularly when they are around prisoners deemed to be radicalisedneed to include religious communities in the cultural life of the State both at local and regional level;
Amendment 406 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17 a (new)
Paragraph 17 a (new)
17a. Therefore, cultural-religious communities should be involved in the development of prevention policies against violent extremism as well as other policies affecting them;
Amendment 407 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17 b (new)
Paragraph 17 b (new)
17b. Recalls that social inclusion and non-discrimination programmes should not be linked to funding/institutions involved in surveillance/counter- terrorism/disengagement activities. Imams, religious leaders, social workers, educators, youth educators, sport educators, or health professionals should not become agents of surveillance.
Amendment 411 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18
Paragraph 18
18. Highlights the crucial importance of making all actors aware of their responsibility to prevent radicalisation, whether at local, national, European or international levelsupporting with adequate funding all actors responsible in preventing the spread of violent extremism, whether at local, national, European or international level, including through constant small and large scale interventions promoting self and community empowering and social inclusion; encourages the establishment of close cooperation between all civil society actors, including national and local platforms for cooperation between actors on the ground, such as associations, NGOs and families of victims; calls, in this regard, for the introduction of training adapted for the actors on the ground dealing with potentially radicalised European citizens;
Amendment 429 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 19
Paragraph 19
19. Feels that thoseall local actors have a crucial role to play in the development of projects adapted to their towns or organisations, in addition to their role as an integrating factor for those European citizens who feel at odds with society and tempted by radicalisationcitizens tempted by violent extremism; feels that the Member States should support the establishment of structures facilitating, in particular, the supervision of young people, as well as exchanges with families, schools, hospitals, universities and so on; recalls that these measures can only be implemented by the deployment of long term social investment programs, notes that such associations and organisations, which do not bear the mark of governments, sometimes achieve better results in reintegrating citizens who are oin the path towards radicalisationrocess of becoming violent extremists into society;
Amendment 443 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20
Paragraph 20
20. Considers it vital to set up an ale support system in each Member State which would allow families and community members to easily and swiftly flag the development of radicalviolent extremist behaviour or a European citizen's departure to join a terrorist organisation;
Amendment 444 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20 a (new)
Paragraph 20 a (new)
20a. Reminds the importance of the social inclusion of all European citizens and residents, whatever their religion, nationality, racial or ethnic origin, recalls that the rise of Islamophobia in the European Union contributes to the exclusion of Muslim communities. Islamophobia in Europe is in turn manipulated by organisations such as Daesh for propaganda and recruitment; recommends therefore the adoption a European framework for the adoption of national strategies to combat Islamophobia, in order to tackle discrimination that hinders access to education, employment and housing.
Amendment 451 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20 b (new)
Paragraph 20 b (new)
20b. Calls therefore the Commission to verify the application of the Council Framework Decision 2008/913/JHA of 28 November 2008 on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law in the Member States
Amendment 455 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading V
Subheading V
V. Stepping up the exchange of information on radicalisedviolent extremist European citizens in Europe
Amendment 460 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21
Paragraph 21
21. Reiterates its desire to seeDoes not agree with the adoption of the so-called ‘"EU PNR'" directive swiftly adopted before the end of 2015 in order to enable the movements of European citizens likely to adopt a terrorist ideology to be tracked;believing it will lead to discriminatory practices, based on the supposed belonging to a religion, recalls, howe moreover, that the EU PNR will not beon't be efficient enough to prevent the recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations;, underlines that if used in a discriminatory and stigmatizing way, effects can be counter-productive to its purported goals.
Amendment 469 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21 a (new)
Paragraph 21 a (new)
21a. Recalls the "Data Retention" judgment (Joined Cases C-293/12 and C- 594/12) where the European Court of Justice found that an act of EU legislature had exceeded the limits imposed by compliance with the principle of proportionality in the light of Articles 7, 8 and 52(1) of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights
Amendment 481 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 22
Paragraph 22
22. Insists on the absolute necessity of stepping up the exchange of information between the law enforcement authorities in the Member States; stresses thate importance of stepping up the exchange of information between law enforcement authorities will also entail reinforcing the role ofand cooperation with European Union agencies, such as Europol and Eurojust;
Amendment 487 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23
Paragraph 23
23. Stresses that improved cooperation between the Member States aimed at countering the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens is also characterised by intensive exchanges between the judicial authorities; Notes that better reporting at European level on the criminal records of European citizens at risk of being radicalisedterrorist suspects would help speed up their detection and make it easier for them to be properly monitored, either when they leave or when they return; encourages, therefore, the reform of the ECRIS system; warns, however, of the importance of all EU and Members States action and policies being compliant with EU data protection and privacy rules, enshrined in the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, EU secondary law and international treaties, covenants and conventions which Member States are party to;
Amendment 490 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23
Paragraph 23
23. Stresses that improved cooperation between the Member States aimed at countering the radicalisation andspread of violent extremism and the recruitment of European citizens is also characterised by intensive exchanges between the judicial authorities; Notes that better reporting at European level on the criminal records of European citizens at risk of becoming radicalisedviolent extremists would help speed up their detection and make it easier for them to be properly monitored, either when they leave or when they return; encourages, therefore, the reforma re-evaluation of the ECRIS system;
Amendment 492 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading VI
Subheading VI
VI. Strengthening deterrents against radicalisationviolent extremism
Amendment 497 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
24. Is convincedBelieves that the measures aimed at preventing the radicalisationspread of violent extremism of European citizens and their recruitment by terrorist organisations will not be fully effective until they are accompanied by an effective and dissuasive range of criminal justice measures; feels that, through effectively criminalimprove when Member States will make good use of the existing terrorist acts and other actions carried out abroad with terrorist organisations, the Member States will equip themselves with the tools needed to eliminate radicalisation among European citizenEU police and judicial cooperation tools in criminal matters;
Amendment 504 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 a (new)
Paragraph 24 a (new)
24a. All EU and national measures aimed at preventing the spread of violent extremism of European citizens and their recruitment by terrorist organisations should respect EU Fundamental rights and the relevant case law by the European Court of Justice and European Court of Human Rights including: the principle of presumption of innocence, the principle legal certainty, the right to a fair and impartial trial, the right to appeal and the principle of non-discrimination
Amendment 506 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 b (new)
Paragraph 24 b (new)
24b. All EU and national policies aimed at preventing the spread of violent extremism of European citizens and their recruitment by terrorist organisations should be fully compliant with States' other human rights obligations, including in particular respect for freedom of expression, freedom of movement, the prohibition of arbitrary arrest or detention, the principle of non- refoulement, and should include accountability mechanisms to protect individuals against abusive application of such policies and to ensure the right to an effective remedy against violations.
Amendment 508 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25
Paragraph 25
25. Believes that criminalising terrorist acts carried out by foreign fightersEuropean citizens and foreigners residing in the EU who join terrorist groups abroad may requires the collection of evidence in third countries to be possible; calls, therefore, on the European Union to work on establishing judicial cooperation agreements with third countries in order to facilitate such processes; ; recalls, however, that the collection of evidence, interrogation and other such investigative techniques must be carried out within strict legal standards, must respect EU laws, principles and values and international human rights; in this regard, warns that the use of cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment, torture, extra-judicial renditions, kidnapping is prohibited under international law and shall not take place for the purpose of collecting evidence of criminal offences committed inside the territory of the EU or outside of its territory by EU nationals; calls, therefore, on the European Union to work on establishing judicial cooperation agreements with third countries in order to facilitate such processes, with clear human rights safeguards under judicial control; additionally, stresses that it is also of vital importance to support victim groups and communities to collect evidence, as part of justice and of future reconciliation;
Amendment 515 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25 a (new)
Paragraph 25 a (new)
25a. Believes that criminalising terrorist acts carried out by foreign fighters requires the collection of evidence in third countries to be possible; Recalls that judicial cooperation agreements with third countries can only be reached with countries which respect Fundamental Human Rights, which exclude torture, extraordinary renditions and death penalty in their judicial orders ; calls, therefore, on the European Union to work on establishing judicial cooperation agreements following EU or higher fundamental rights standards and guarantees with third countries in order to facilitate such processes;
Amendment 517 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25 b (new)
Paragraph 25 b (new)
25b. This includes the obligation not to share intelligence or other information where there is a real risk that it may directly or indirectly lead to violation of international human rights law, or has or may have been directly or indirectly obtained in violation of the same human rights law, including the absolute prohibition on torture and other ill- treatment and the right to privacy;
Amendment 520 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading VII
Subheading VII
VII. Preventing the departure and anticipating the return of radicalisedviolent extremist European citizens
Amendment 530 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26
Paragraph 26
26. Reiterates its belief that the European Union must step upshould reorganize and diversify its external border controls as a matter of urgency; stresses that it will be impossible to effectively track the departures or arrivals of European citizens unless mandatory and systematic controls are introduced on the European Union's external borders; sin order not only to guarantee a better control but also and with the same diligence to facilitate the return of European foreign fighters and facilitates that, to this end, one of the European Union's priorities must be reformeir rehabilitation which permits their free circulation ing the Schengen Codearea;
Amendment 541 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26 a (new)
Paragraph 26 a (new)
26a. Believes that measures implemented to tackle the spread of violent extremism must not be used in order to limit immigration. Additional controls at external borders, as agreed by Member States, should not lead to racial or ethnic profiling.
Amendment 544 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27
Paragraph 27
27. Calls on Member States to share good practices in regard to exit checks on radicalisedviolent extremist EU citizens and how to manage the return of citizens who hare believed taken part in terrorist activities in conflict theatres abroad; supports in particular Member States confiscating the passports of EU citizens planning to join terrorist organisationso have participated in crimes committed by armed groups in conflict theatres abroad as well as their rehabilitation and highest social reintegration into society;
Amendment 553 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27 a (new)
Paragraph 27 a (new)
27a. Underlines that the confiscation by Member States of the passports of citizens suspected of planning to join terrorists organizations contradicts the right to leave one's country as the freedom of movement, and thus must only be implemented for specific and legitimate reasons, and not in the case of general suspicion
Amendment 556 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28
Paragraph 28
Amendment 567 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29
Paragraph 29
29. Stresses once more the vitalthe importance of the European Union establishing close cooperation with non- EU countries, notably transit countries and those to which foreign fighters are heading, insofar as this is possible, in order to be able to identify EU citizens leaving to fight for terrorist organisations or returning thereafteronly if this cooperation doesn't violate the principles of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights and if this does not mean cooperating with dictatorial regimes;
Amendment 574 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 30
Paragraph 30
30. Is convinced thatAny measures by the EU and its member states to cooperate with transit countries and those to which foreign fighters are heading, or from which they are planning to return, must be fully compliant with respect for human rights, including in particular the principle of non-refoulement, the prohibition on arbitrary arrest and detention, the right to freedom of movement; for such enhanced cooperation to be established the Commission, and the European External Action Service (EEAS) in particular, need to make greater efforts in terms of Arabic- speaking staffforeign language staff (including Arabic) and spokespersons; considers it essential that the EUʼs call to combat radicalisationviolent extremism can be heard beyond its own borders;
Amendment 583 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 31
Paragraph 31
31. Acknowledges that the phenomenon of radicalisation and recruitment of EU citizens is a global phenomenon; believes that the response to this phenomenon ought to be international and not just local or European; considersThe cooperation with EU partners, and especially the United States, is envisageable, but bearing in mind that the US war on therefore that cooperation with EU partner countries that are facing similar challenges, such as Canada or the United States, has to be stepped upror is generally considered a failure from several points of view;
Amendment 597 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading IX
Subheading IX
IX. Promoting the exchange of good deradicalisation practices
Amendment 608 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32
Paragraph 32
32. States that a comprehensive approach to preventing the radicalisationspread of violent extremism and recruitment of EU citizens by terrorist organisations can only be successfully put in place if accompanied by measures to deradicalise EU citizens beguiled byhelp vulnerable EU citizens not to fall prey to terrorist rhetoric; calls on the European Union therefore to facilitate the sharing by Member States of good practices in regard to putting in place deradicaisengagement and rehabilistation structures – based on social and educational integration - to prevent EU citizens leaving the EU or to controlencourage their return thereto;
Amendment 613 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 33
Paragraph 33
33. SCalls on member states to establish structures to assist in the reintegration into society of EU citizens who have returned from fighting with armed groups in conflict theatres abroad, including measures of disengagement and provision of support to those who have been traumatized by the experience, and suggests that Member States examine the idea of including mentors in the process to deradicaliseisengagement of EU, citizens who have returned from fighting for terrorist organisations, to help support them in their reintegration into society; these mentors should be willing to contribute to specific programmes in which they shall be trained; both mentors and beneficiaries should be protected at all stages and in the aftermath of the mentorship programme;
Amendment 619 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 33 a (new)
Paragraph 33 a (new)
33a. Notes that experiences of civil society organisations suggest that concrete alternatives for young people regarding their future, employment and social inclusion, constitutes a strong shield to violent extremism; recalls that these measures require long term social investment.
Amendment 620 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 33 b (new)
Paragraph 33 b (new)
33b. Calls therefore for more support to youth NGOs working with youth from difficult and marginalized backgrounds, to help prevent all forms of extremism.
Amendment 626 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 34
Paragraph 34
34. Supports the development of a communication campaign at EU level based on the experiences of ʽformer foreign fightersʼ whose eye-witness accounts and traumatic experiences help strip awayreduce the religious significanceweight of fighting for terrorist organisations such as ISIS; encourages Member States mphasises furtherefmore to develop such structures enabling face- to-face meetings and dialogue with former fighters; emphasises furthermore that contact with victims of terrorismhat contact with victims of terrorism and families of former or deceased terrorists also seems to be an effective means of stripping radical rhetoric of itsreducing the religious significance of violent extremism;
Amendment 632 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading X
Subheading X
X. Dismantling terrorist and jihadist networks
Amendment 633 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading X
Subheading X
X. Dismantling terrorist and jihadist networks
Amendment 643 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 35
Paragraph 35
35. Supports measures to weaken terrorist organisations from the inside and lessen their potential influence on EU citizens; encourages the European Union to look into ways of dismantling jihadist networks and identifying how they are funded; encourages the Commission to propose a regulation on identifying terrorismCommission to propose a regulation on identifying terrorism funding channels; recalls however that terrorist activities are funded by underground and criminal economy, such as non-declared work, illegal activities, banditry and fraud; underlines then that it is essential to combat these internal founding channels; 's pattern.
Amendment 654 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 36
Paragraph 36
36. Calls on Member States to participate in efforts to trace external flows of funding and to display transparency in their relations with certain Gulfother countries, with the aim of stepping up cooperation in order to shine a light on the financing of terrorism and fundamentalism in Africa and the Middle East, but also by some associations in Europe; violent extremism; notes that the financial flows linked to associations in Europe are already submitted to regular and comprehensive controls and that the reinforcement of their surveillance can lead to a higher stigmatisation of these organisations, on the base of religious, ethnical, or racial criteria. Reminds that the development of the surveillance system of non-financial flows is essential, as they contribute significantly to the funding of terrorist organisations, and as they fall completely out of the scope of authorities' control.