Activities of Ulrike MÜLLER related to 2020/2006(INL)
Plenary speeches (1)
Deforestation (debate)
Amendments (32)
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Calls for binding Union law to be adopted that ensures that allthe supply chains of products imported into the Union and also of those products and services supplied within the Union do not involvedo not lead to deforestation and, ecosystem degradation or conversion, or, human rights violations, and that protects or the violation of rights of indigenous peoples and local communities;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 b (new)
Paragraph 1 b (new)
1b. Calls for the Union to take a leading international role in promoting sustainable forest use and bio-based production; acknowledges that enhanced wood availability is necessary for attracting forest-based investments in the Union and green economic recovery as well as for achieving the targets of the European Green Deal and EU Bioeconomy Strategy, which also ensures halting deforestation;
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. Whereas biologically diverse forests being natural carbon sinks as well as sustainably managed sources of renewable raw materials that substitute emission and energy intensive materials are indispensable in the fight against climate change in line with the Paris Agreement’s goals to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1, 5°C above pre-industrial levels, as well as for climate change adaptation and biodiversity conservation;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Notes that although voluntary measures alone will not stop deforestation, binding legislation should be combined with non-legislative initiatives, such as cooperation with third countries, in order to fight against global deforestation;
Amendment 29 #
2. Notes that voluntary measures alone will not stop deforestatthe Union contribution to global deforestation caused by demand for imports of deforestation-risk goods into the Union;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2 a (new)
Paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. Supports the setting up of “green alliances” with third countries in order to help them put in place sustainable forest value chains and bio-economy activities prioritising the support to small producers, as well as sound policies aiming at avoiding deforestation, such as integrated land planning, land tenure transparency, and prevention of illegal conversion of forest areas into agricultural land;
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2 b (new)
Paragraph 2 b (new)
2b. Supports regular information exchanges with third countries to promote the consumption and trade of wood and wood derived products coming from forest managed in a sustainable way;
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Calls therefore for a due diligence obligation to be placed on operators, including financiefor economic actors, that place forest and ecosystem-risk commodities, or their derivatives on the Union market, from third countries on the Union market; stresses, that many of the affected European businesses particularly in the food supply chain are SMEs and therefore calls for an SME- friendly implementation that limits administrative burden to an unavoidable minimum;
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Considers that improving traceability and transparency can help to ensure that onlyincrease the consumption of sustainably sourced goods are consumed; calls for due diligence obligations to be part of public procurement rules;
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Calls for binding and enforceable environmental and social provisions to be included in free trade agreements (FTAs) so as to protect forests, natural ecosystems and human rights, particularly community tenure rights; calls for the reopening of FTAs which do not contain such provisions, for example EU-Mercosur FTA;
Amendment 81 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Calls for the Union to cutreduce its dependency on imports of forest and ecosystem-risk commodities by implementing the Union protein plan, and for Union livestock production to match available Union land resources;
Amendment 90 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 a (new)
Paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. Strongly supports the promotion of nitrogen fixing crops under the new CAP strategic plans through eco-schemes, rural development agro-environmental measures, new sectorial interventions and coupled support, in order to increase the protein self-sufficiency of the Union, and, at the same time, contribute to reach the objectives of the biodiversity and the farm to fork strategies;
Amendment 106 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Notes the unsustainable level of consumption in the EU, and that, for example, the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) coStresses that the sustainability of raw material use in the Union could be considerably improved by implementains insufficient sustainability criteria, which both causes and intensifies land-use changeg measures to boost the circular bio- economy, consequently reducing the dependency on deforestation-risk imports;
Amendment 121 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. Asks the Commission to monitor and take action on the causes of wildfires, forest damage and ecosystem conversion and related human rights and tenure violations, by creating early alert mechanisms.and to assist in tackling these issues by intensifying dialogue and data sharing with respective third countries;
Amendment 198 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. Emphasises that such an EU legal framework should not only guarantee the legality of harvesting, production, extraction and processing of forest-risk and ecosystem-risk commodities and derived products in the country of origin, but also the sustainability of their harvesting, production, extraction and processing; recalls that the legality of harvesting and trading forest products is covered by the EU Timber Regulation and therefore stresses that double regulation should be avoided;
Amendment 285 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 1 – paragraph 1
Annex I – point 1 – paragraph 1
The proposal for a Regulation (‘the proposal’) should provide the basis for the assurance ofcontribute to the assurance of a sustainable management and a high level of protection where appropriate for exhaustible natural resources, such as natural forests and other natural ecosystems, by ensuring that Union market and consumption patterns do not detrimentally affect natural forests and ecosystems, as well as on humanthem. The protection of human rights and ownership rights affected by harvesting, extraction and production of products should also be covered by the proposal.
Amendment 327 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 2 – indent 1
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 2 – indent 1
- do not originate from land obtained via the conversion of natural forestsdeforestation or the conversion orf other natural ecosystems;
Amendment 332 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 2 – indent 2
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 2 – indent 2
- do not originate from natural forests and natural ecosystems undergoing degradation due to unsustainable management, and
Amendment 352 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 4
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 4
The proposal should cover all commodities that are most frequently associated with deforestation, natural forest degradationforest and natural ecosystem degradation due to unsustainable management, and natural ecosystem conversion and degradation. These commodities should be listed in an annex to the proposal and comprise at least palm oil, soy, meat, leather, cocoa, coffee, rubber, and maize and all intermediate or final products that are derived from these commodities, and products that contain these commodities. In the event that the derived products contain input from more than one commodity covered by the proposal, due diligence should be performed with respect to each of these commodities. Commodities covered by Regulation (EU) No 995/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council2 (‘the EU Timber Regulation’) should be integrated into the scope of the proposal within three years from the date of entry into force of the proposal. _________________ 2Regulation (EU) No 995/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 October 2010 laying down the obligations of operators who place timber and timber products on the market Text with EEA relevance (OJ L 295, 12.11.2010, p. 23).
Amendment 360 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 5
Annex I – point 2 – paragraph 5
The Commission should adopt delegated acts to amend the list of commodities and their derived products that are covered by the proposal if evidence emerges concerning the detrimental impact of their harvesting, extraction or production on natural forests, natural ecosystems or, human rights or ownership rights.
Amendment 384 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.1 – paragraph 2
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.1 – paragraph 2
For that purpose, FERCs placed on the Union market, in raw form or as products derived from or containing such commodities, should not be harvested, extracted or produced from land that had on 1 January 2008 the status of natural forest or natural ecosystem, in accordance with the definition laid down in Section 3.3 “Definitions”, but had since lost that status as a result of deforestation or conversion.
Amendment 387 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.2 – introductory part
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.2 – introductory part
3.2. Degradation of natural forests and natural ecosystems
Amendment 389 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.2 – paragraph 1
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.2 – paragraph 1
Commodities covered by the proposal and their derived products placed on the Union market should not result in, or derive from, the degradation of natural forests or natural ecosystems due to unsustainable management.
Amendment 395 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.2 – paragraph 2
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.2 – paragraph 2
For that purpose, FERCs placed on the Union market, in raw form or as products derived from or containing such commodities, should not be harvested, extracted or produced from land that had the status on 1 January 2008 of natural forest or natural ecosystem, in accordance with the definition laid down in Section 3.3 “Definitions”, and still has that status, but where the land has been subject to changes amounting to degradation due to unsustainable management. It should only be legally possible to place on the Union market a commodity that has been harvested, extracted or produced in compliance with conservation objectives and the principles of sustainable forest management and it did not lead to the loss or degradation of ecosystem functions on or adjacent to the land from which it was harvested, extracted or produced.
Amendment 403 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
In accordance with the Terms aninternationally agreed Ddefinitions document of the Accountability Framework3 where available, the following definitions should apply for the purpose of the proposal: _________________ 3 See https://accountability- framework.org/wp- content/uploads/2020/03/Definitions- Mar2020.pdf.
Amendment 405 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Forest means land spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees higher than 5 metres and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds in situ. It does not include land that is predominantly under agricultural or other land use. Forest includes natural forests and forests plantations. ; it includes areas with young trees that have not yet reached but which are expected to reach a canopy cover of 10 percent and tree height of 5 metres; it includes areas that are temporarily unstocked due to clear- cutting as part of a forest management practice or natural disasters, and which are expected to be regenerated within 5 years; it includes forest roads, firebreaks and other small open areas, forest in national parks, nature reserves and other protected areas such as those of specific environmental, scientific, historical, cultural or spiritual interest; it includes windbreaks, shelterbelts and corridors of trees with an area of more than 0.5 hectares and width of more than 20 meters; it includes abandoned shifting cultivation land with a regeneration of trees that have, or are expected to reach, a canopy cover of 10 percent and tree height of 5 meters; it includes areas with mangroves in tidal zones, regardless whether this area is classified as land area or not; it includes rubber-wood, cork oak and Christmas tree plantations; it includes areas with bamboo and palms provided that land use, height and canopy cover criteria are met; it includes areas outside the legally designated forest land which meet the definition of "forest"1a. _________________ 1a http://www.fao.org/3/I8661EN/i8661en.pd f
Amendment 410 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 416 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3
Deforestation means the loss of natural forest as a result of (i) conversion to agriculture or other non-forest land use; (ii) conversion to plantation forest; (iii) severe and sustained degradation. conversion of forest to other land use independently whether human-induced or not; it includes the permanent reduction of the tree canopy cover below the minimum 10 percent threshold; it includes areas of forest converted to agriculture, pasture, water reservoirs, mining and urban areas; it includes areas where, for example, the impact of disturbance, over-utilization or changing environmental conditions affects the forest to an extend that it cannot sustain a canopy cover above the 10 percent threshold; it excludes areas where trees have been removed as a result of harvesting or logging, and where the forest is expected to regenerate naturally or with the aid of silvicultural measures1a; _________________ 1a http://www.fao.org/3/I8661EN/i8661en.pd f
Amendment 423 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 4
Natural ecosystem means as an ecosystem that substantially resembles - in terms of species composition, structure, and ecological function - one that is or would be found in a given area in the absence of major human impacts. This includes human-mwhere human impact has been of no greater influence than that of any other native species, and has not affected the ecosystem's structure since the industrial revolution; human impact excludes chanaged ecosystems where much of the natural species composis of global proportions, structure, and ecological function are present. uch as climate change due to global warming1a. _________________ 1a https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary/e ea-glossary/natural-ecosystem
Amendment 425 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 5
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 5
Amendment 434 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 6
Annex I – point 3 – point 3.3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 6
Amendment 596 #
Motion for a resolution
Annex I – point 6 – point 6.1 – paragraph 1
Annex I – point 6 – point 6.1 – paragraph 1
The implementation of the proposal should in no way constitute grounds for justifying a reduction in the general level of protection of human rights, ownership rights or the environment. In particular, it should not affect other existing subcontracting or supply chain liability frameworks.