30 Amendments of Michał BONI related to 2016/2225(INI)
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 3 a (new)
Citation 3 a (new)
- having regard to the Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions ' A Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe' of 6 May 2015 COM(2015)192 final;
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 6 a (new)
Citation 6 a (new)
- having regard to Opinion 8/2016 of the European Data Protection Supervisor of 23 September 2016 entitled ' EDPS Opinion on coherent enforcement of fundamental rights in the age of big data',
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas big data refers to the recurring accumulationcollection and analysis of large amounts of data, including personal data, and flows of information from a variety of sources, which are subject to automatic processing by computer algorithms and advanced data-processing techniques in order to generate certain correlations, conclusions, trends and patterns (big data analytics);
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas corporationbusiness, governments, academia and scientific community and organisations have taken advantagebenefited of such data sets and big data analytics to foster competitiveness, innovation, market prediction, targeted advertising, scientific research and policy making in the field of transportation, ‘smart cities’, financial services, law enforcement, transparency, public health and disaster response;
Amendment 25 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas big data has the potential to bring undeniable benefits and opportunities for citizens, businesses and governments, but also entails significant risks, namely with regard to the protection of fundamental rights as guaranteed by the EU Charter and Union law as well as risks to data security and privacy;
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas big data has the potential to bring undeniable benefits and opportunities for citizens, academia and scientific community, businesses and governments, but also entails significant risks, namely with regard to the protection of fundamental rights as guaranteed by the EU Charter and Union law;
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
Recital D a (new)
D a. whereas the Commission's Digital Single Market Strategy for Europe recognise the potential of data-driven technologies, services and big data as catalyst for economic growth, innovation and digitalisation in the EU;
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D b (new)
Recital D b (new)
D b. whereas the big data sector is growing by 40% per year, seven times faster than the IT market;
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D c (new)
Recital D c (new)
D c. whereas big data has a huge unrealised potential as a driver of productivity and as a way of offering better products and services to citizens;
Amendment 37 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D d (new)
Recital D d (new)
D d. whereas big data can increase the operational efficiency and targeting of service delivery in the public sector;
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas the pervasiveness of sensors, extensive routine data production and contemporary data-processing activities are characterised by a high degree of opacitynot always transparent enough;
Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
Recital F
F. whereas biased algorithms and other analytical tools, low quality of dataa low quality of these processes could lead to biased algorithms, spurious correlations, errors, the underestimation of legal, social and ethical implications and the marginalisation of the role of humans in these processes can trigger flawed decision-making procedures;
Amendment 57 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
Recital G
G. whereas the proliferation of data processing and analytics, the multitude of actors involved in collecting, retaining, processing and sharing data and the combination of large data sets containing personal data from a variety of sources, retained for unlimited amounts of time, have all created great uncertainty for both citizens and businesses over the specific requirements for compliance with general data-protection principles but entail significant chances for citizens, mankind, business and economy;
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Emphasises that information revealed by big data analysis is only as reliable as the underlying data permits, and thatcompliance with the current data protection legislation, together with strong scientific and ethical standards are therefore needed for judgingwill ensure that the results of suchbig data analysis and its predictive algorithms contribute to establish trust and reliability of these solutions;
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Stresses that the prospects and opportunities of big data can onlyto be fully enjoyed by citizens, corporationsbusiness, academia and scientific community, governments and institutions whenrequire public trust in these technologies is ensured by strong enforcement of fundamental rights and legal certainty for all actors involved;
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 a (new)
Paragraph 2 a (new)
2 a. Underlines that big data analytics create added value in several ways and that there are a number of positive examples: Big data analytics in weather research help to analyse and fight climate change. In healthcare big data tools help predicting virus epidemics and the outbreak of diseases as Malaria or Cholera. Healthcare interventions and medication therapy for cancer patients can be more tailored to individual patient's circumstances using big data. Big data helps to make cities smarter by reducing street lightening energy consumption, optimizing the timing of traffic signals and so reducing tones of CO2 emissions and it is an useful tool for traffic management and air quality management as well. Big data analytics help companies to uncover the potential for slavery in their supply chains and to mitigate it. Big data also helps to predict hunger crises and riots in areas of conflict. Sophisticated big data analytics predict when the maintenance of aircraft turbines is necessary. This reduce the maintenance operation and disruption for airlines, it improves the efficiencies and makes aircrafts safer. Big data makes wind power smarter through analytics and big data tools help to increase power generation and to reduce maintenance costs. Big data helps to improve working conditions and to reduce burn-out rates of employees;
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Points out that Union law for the protection of privacy and personal data, as well as the rights to equality and non- discrimination, are applicable to data processing even when that processing is preceded by pseudonymisation and anonymisation techniques, insofar as there are risks of re- identification, or, in any case, when use of non-personal data might impact on individuals’ private lives or other rights and freedoms;
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 a (new)
Paragraph 3 a (new)
3 a. Underlines that the Digital Single Market must be built on reliable, trustworthy and high-speed networks and services that safeguard data subject's fundamental rights to data protection and privacy while also encouraging innovation and big data analytics in order to create the right conditions and a level playing field to boost European (digital) economy;
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Takes the view that transparency, fairness, accountability and control over personal data are core values through which specific rights and obligations are derived, and which should guide the action of corporationbusiness, public authorities and other actors that use data to frame their decision- making procedures; emphasises the need for much greater transparency with regard to data processing and analytics by businesses and compliance with the current data protection legislation;
Amendment 117 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Highlights the fundamental role that the Commission, the European Data Protection Board, national data protection authorities and other independent supervisory authorities should play in the coming years and decades to promote legal certainty concerning concrete standards protecting fundamental rights and guarantees associated with the use of data processing and analytics;
Amendment 126 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Takes the viewRecalls that anonymisation techniques should comprise technical measures and contractual obligations which ensure non-re-identification; calls on corporations to regularly review such risks in light of new technologies and to document the appropriateness of measures adopted, allowing independent supervisory authorities to monitor practices and provide recommendationsis an irreversible process and cannot lead to re- identification; calls on the Commission and independent supervisory authorities to prepare guidelines on how to properly anonymise data;
Amendment 132 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6 a (new)
Paragraph 6 a (new)
6 a. Highlights the advantages of pseudonymisation provided for by the GDPR as an appropriate safeguard in order to guarantee a high level of protection of personal data. Points out that pseudonymisation and encryption techniques can play an important role to foster innovation and economic growth by enabling the further processing of personal data for big data analytics, while at the same time ensuring a strong protection of the data subject's privacy. Calls therefore upon the Commission – in its upcoming review of the e-Privacy Directive (2002/58/EC) - to also recognize pseudonymisation as an appropriate safeguard that can reduce risks of the data subjects concerned;
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7
Paragraph 7
7. Urges corporationbusiness and other data controllers to make use of instruments provided for by the GDPR, such as codes of conduct and certification schemes, to seek greater certainty over their specific obligations under Union law and to bring their practices and activities into compliance with the appropriate Union legal standards and safeguardsislation;
Amendment 151 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Acknowledges that data loss and theft, infection by malware, unauthorised access to data and unlawful surveillance are some of the most pressing risks associated with contemporary data processing activities, such as big data techniques; believes that tackling such threats requires genuine and concerted cooperation between the private sector, governments, law enforcement authorities and independent supervisory authorities; recognizes the added value of the technological development that will improve security;
Amendment 171 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Paragraph 9 a (new)
9 a. Big data for scientific purposes Stresses that big data analytics can be beneficial for the scientific development and research; believes that development and use of big data analytics for scientific purposes has to be with due regard for the fundamental rights enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and in compliance with the current Union data protection legislation;
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11
Paragraph 11
11. Stresses, in particular, the importance of compliance with the Data Protection Directive1a, in particular regarding carrying out prior impact assessments that take account of ethical concerns in order to assess the inclusiveness, accuracy and quality of the data, and to ensure that individuals targeted by the decisions and/or actors involved in the decision-making processes are able to challenge the analysis, patterns and correlations and to prevent any harmful effects on certain groups of individuals; _________________ 1a DIRECTIVE (EU) 2016/680 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Council Framework Decision 2008/977/JHA
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12
Paragraph 12
12. Underlines the absolute need to protect law enforcement databases from data loss and theft, infection by malware and unauthorised access to data by non- authorised persons; believes that tackling such concerns requires genuine, concerted cooperation between law enforcement authorities and independent supervisory authorities, in compliance with the current legislation;
Amendment 203 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12
Paragraph 12
12. Underlines the absolute need to protect law enforcement databases from data loss and theft, infection by malware and unauthorised access to data by non- authorised persons;Acknowledges that data security breaches, unauthorised access to data and unlawful surveillance are concerning citizens, therefore believes that tackling such concernrisks requires genuine, concerted cooperation between the private sector, governments, law enforcement authorities and independent data protection supervisory authorities;
Amendment 210 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13
Paragraph 13
13. Warns that, owing to the intrusivenessmpact of decisions and measures taken by law enforcement authorities in citizens’ lives and rights, maximum caution is necessary to avoid unlawful discrimination and the targeting of certain population groups, especially marginalised groups and ethnic and racial minorities;
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14
Paragraph 14
14. Calls on the Member States’ law enforcement authorities that make use of data analytics to uphold the highest legal standards of ethics in the analysis of data and to ensure human intervention and accountability throughout the different stages of decision-making, not only to assess the representativeness, accuracy and quality of the data, but also to assess the appropriateness of each decision to be taken on the basis of that information;