BETA

30 Amendments of Anja HAZEKAMP related to 2013/0443(COD)

Proposal for a directive
Recital 1

(1) Significant progress has been achieved in the past 20 years in the Union in the field of anthropogenic air emissions and air quality by a dedicated Union policy, including the 2005 Communication from the Commission "Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution” (“TSAP”)15. Directive 2001/81/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council16 has been instrumental in this progress by setting caps on Member States' total annual emissions for 2010 onwards of sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ammonia (NH3) and volatile organic compounds other than methane (NMVOC). As a result, SO2 emissions were reduced by 82%, NOx emissions by 47%, NMVOC emissions by 56% and NH3 emissions by 28% between 1990 and 2010. However, as indicated in the "Clean Air Programme for Europe" ("revised TSAP")17, significant adverse impacts and risks remain on the environment and human health. Air quality in towns and cities remains an outstanding issue; in many of them, it is simply unbreathable. __________________ 15 Communication of 21 September 2005 from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament "Thematic Strategy on Air Pollution", COM(2005) 446 final. 16 Directive 2001/81/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2001 on national emission ceilings for certain atmospheric pollutants (OJ L 309, 27.11.2001, p. 22). 17 Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament "A Clean Air Programme for Europe", COM(2013) [xxx].

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Recital 1 a (new)

( a) These advances are not sufficient and the measures adopted are no more than a simple sticking plaster in the context of the destruction of the planet which we face, and therefore measures are required to eliminate the man-made causes of environmental pollution and climate change.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Recital 1 c (new)

(1c) Industrial methods of production, intensive animal farming in large concentrations and the distribution of food over thousands and thousands of kilometres contribute to emissions of polluting gases.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Recital 7 a (new)

(7a) Member States should specifically look at the agricultural sector for possibilities of reducing emission of atmospheric pollutants. The vast majority of EU ammonia emissions and around half of EU methane emissions originate from agriculture. Member States should consider reducing high density intensive livestock farming, promotion of livestock grazing and promotion of agroecology principles and legally binding emission reduction commitments for ammonia and methane, as effective measures of emission reduction.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Recital 9

(9) Member States ~~should~~must comply with the emission reduction commitments set out in this Directive for 2020, 2025 and 2030. So as to ensure demonstrable progress towards the 2030 commitments, Member States should meet intermediate emission levels in 2025, set on the basis of a linear trajectory between their emission levels for 2020 and those defined by the emission reduction commitments for 2030, unless this would entail disproportionate costs. Where the 2025 emissions cannot be so limited, Member States should explain the reasons in their reports under this Directive.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Recital 11

(11) In order to promote cost-effective achievement of the national emission reduction commitments and of the intermediate emission levels, Member States should be entitled to account for emission reductions from international maritime traffic if emissions from that sector are lower than the levels of emissions that would result from compliance with Union law standards, including the sulphur limits for fuels set in Directive 1999/32/EC of the Council.21 Member States should also have the possibility to jointly meet their commitments and intermediate emission levels regarding methane (CH4) and of making use of Decision n°406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council for so doing.22 For the purpose of checking compliance with their national emission ceilings, emission reduction commitments and intermediate emission levels, Member States could adjust their national emission inventories in view of improved scientific understanding and methodologies regarding emissions. The Commission could object to the use of any of these flexibilities by a Member State, should the conditions set out in this Directive not be met. __________________ ~~21 Council Directive 1999/32/EC of 26 April 1999 relating to a reduction in the sulphur content of certain liquid fuels and amending Directive 93/12/EEC (OJ L 121, 11.5.1999, p. 13).~~ 22 Decision n°406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the effort of Member States to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions to meet the Community’s greenhouse gas emission reduction commitments up to 2020 (OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 136).

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Recital 13

(13) In order to reduce atmospheric NH3 and PM2,5 emissions from the main contributors, national air pollution control programmes should include measures applicable to the agricultural sector. Member States should be entitled to implement measures applicable to the agricultural sector other than those set out in this Directive with an equivalent level of environmental performance owning to specific national circumstances.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Recital 15

(15) In order to draw up well informed national air pollution control programmes and any significant updates, Member States should make those programmes and updates subject to consultation by the public and competent authorities at all levels when all options regarding policies and measures remain open, and encourage citizen participation processes in this regard. Member States should engage in transboundary consultations in case where the implementation of their programme could affect air quality in another country, in accordance with the requirements set out in Union and international legislation, including the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (Espoo, 1991) and its Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (Kyiv, 2003), as approved by the Council24. __________________ 24 Council Decision 2008/871/EC of 20 October 2008 on the approval, on behalf of the European Community, of the Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment to the 1991 UN/ECE Espoo Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context (OJ L 308, 19.11.2008, p. 33).

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Recital 18

(18) In order to assess the effectiveness of the national emission reduction commitments laid down in this Directive, Member States should also monitor~~, where practicable,~~ the effects of such reductions in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, in accordance with internationally established guidelines and report these effects.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 1

1. Member States shall, as a minimum, limit their annual anthropogenic emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOX), volatile organic compounds other than methane (NMVOC), ammonia (NH3), particulate matter (PM2,5) and methane (CH4) in accordance with the national emission reduction commitments applicable from 2020, 2025 and 2030, as laid down in Annex II.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1

1. Without prejudice to paragraph 1, Member States shall take all the necessary measures ~~not entailing disproportionate costs~~ to limit their 2025 emissions of SO2, NOx, NMVOC, NH3, PM2,5 and CH4. The levels of those emissions shall be determined on the basis of fuels sold, by a linear reduction trajectory established between their emission levels for 2020 and the emission levels defined by the emission reduction commitments for 2030.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 2

~~Where the emissions for 2025 cannot be limited in accord~~In order to meet the limitation objectives, Member States shall draw up a programme for limitation of all atmospheric pollutants. In relation to crop and livestock production, this plan shall provide for: - A prohibition on new projects involving concentration and intensive animal production. Those projects which currently seek to delocalise and uncouple milk production from the land, to concentrate it into large units, such as we are seeing for example in France, with ~~the determined trajectory, the Member States shall expla~~popular opposition to the project of creating a farm with a thousand dairy cows, are to be avoided. - Support for processes of extensification of animal production, linking it to the land, limiting the farming load per hectare and gradually reducing the ~~reasons~~ use of chemical fertilisers, replacing the~~ir reports submitted to the Commission in accordance with Article 9.~~ m with organic fertilisers. - Support for transition in order that agroecology becomes the basis of all crop and livestock production. - Promotion and encouragement of the consumption of local and regional foods, enabling short distribution channels.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 3

3. The following emissions are not accounted for the purpose of complying with paragraphs 1 and 2: (a) aircraft emissions beyond the landing and take-off cycle; (b) emissions in the Canary Islands, the French overseas departments, Madeira, and the Azores; (c) emissions from national maritime traffic to and from the territories referred to in point (b); (d) emissions from international maritime traffic, without prejudice to Article 5(1).deleted

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Article 5 – paragraph 1

1. In order to comply with the intermediate emission levels determined for 2025 in accordance with Article 4, paragraph 2, and the national emission reduction commitments set out in Annex II applicable from 2030 onwards for NOX, SO2 and PM2,5, Member States may offset NOX, SO2 and PM2,5 emission reductions achieved by international maritime traffic against NOX, SO2 and PM2,5 emissions released by other sources in the same year, provided that they meet the following conditions: (a) the emission reductions occur in the sea areas that fall within the Member States' territorial seas, exclusive economic zones or in pollution control zones if such zones have been established; (b) they have adopted and implemented effective monitoring and inspection measures to ensure a proper operation of this flexibility; (c) they have implemented measures to achieve lower NOX, SO2 and PM2,5 emissions from international maritime traffic than the emissions levels that would be achieved by compliance with the Union standards applicable to emissions of NOX, SO2 and PM2,5 and have demonstrated an adequate quantification of the additional emission reductions resulting from these measures; (d) they have not offset more than 20% of the NOX, SO2 and PM2,5 emission reductions calculated in accordance with point (c), provided that the offset does not result in non-compliance with the national emission reduction commitments for 2020 set out in Annex II.deleted

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – paragraph 1

1. Member States shall draw up and adopt a national air pollution control programme in accordance with Part 2 of Annex III in order to limit their annual anthropogenic emissions in accordance with Article 4. Member States shall in particular take into consideration the role of the agricultural sector and its emissions of ammonia and methane when drawing up and adopting national air pollution control programmes.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 2

Member States shall~~, to the extent necessary,~~ include the emission reduction measures laid down in Part 1 of Annex III or measures having equivalent environmental effect, with a view to meeting the relevant national emission reduction commitments.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Article 8 – paragraph 1

1. Member States shall ensure~~, if practicable,~~ the monitoring of adverse impacts of air pollution upon ecosystems in accordance with the requirements laid down in Annex V.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Article 10 – paragraph 2

2. The reports referred to in paragraph 1 ~~may~~shall include an evaluation of the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of this Directive.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – title

Measures which ~~may~~shall be included in the National Air Pollution Control Programme

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point b

b) livestock feeding strategies based on pasture, fodder and vegetable protein produced on site, locally or in the area, eliminating massive importations of soya and cereals;

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point d a (new)

(da) reduction of intensive livestock farming practices;

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point e

~~(e) low-emission manure processing and composting systems;~~deleted

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point f

~~(f) low-emission animal housing systems;~~deleted

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point g a (new)

(ga) promotion of grazing, extensive farming and enhancing the pasture biodiversity.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point g b (new)

(gb) methods of agroecological production;

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point g b (new)

(gb) promotion of agroecology principles;

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point g d (new)

(gd) small scale, non-industrialised production systems;

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point g d (new)

(gd) short distribution channels;

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section A – point 1 – point g e (new)

(ge) to promote the extensification of animal husbandry, beginning a programme of gradual reduction of the current concentrations of animals on farms, and not permitting any new undertaking of this kind.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Proposal for a directive
Annex III – part 1 – section B a (new)

Ba. Measures to control methane emissions Member States shall establish a national advisory code of good agriculural practice for reducing methane emissions, covering at least the following items: (a) reduction of intensive livestock farming practices; (b) livestock feeding strategies (e.g improved forage quality, incorporation of leguminous crops in the diet, larger proportion of concentrates in diet, rumen resistant starch, etc); (c) promotion of grazing, extensive farming and enhancing the pasture biodiversity; (d) promotion of agroecology principles.

2015/04/10
Committee: AGRI