62 Amendments of Domènec RUIZ DEVESA related to 2023/2112(INI)
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 3 a (new)
Citation 3 a (new)
– having regard to the Commission communication of 18 September 2020 entitled ‘A Union of equality: EU anti- racism action plan 2020- 2025’(COM(2020)0565);
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 3 b (new)
Citation 3 b (new)
– having regard to the Commission communication of 5 March 2020 entitled ‘A Union of Equality: Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025’ (COM(2020)0152);
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 3 c (new)
Citation 3 c (new)
– having regard to its resolution of 21 January 2021 on the EU Strategy for Gender Equality (2019/2169(INI));
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 3 d (new)
Citation 3 d (new)
– having regard to the Commission communication of 14 June 2016 entitled ‘Supporting the prevention of radicalisation leading to violent extremism’ (COM(2016)0379);
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 3 e (new)
Citation 3 e (new)
– having regard to its resolution of 4 May 2022 on the follow-up to the conclusions of the Conference on the Future of Europe;
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 4 a (new)
Citation 4 a (new)
– having regard to the Commission communication of 30 September 2020 on achieving the European Education Area by 2025 (COM(2020)0625);
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 4 b (new)
Citation 4 b (new)
– having regard to its resolution of 11 November 2021 on the European Education Area: a shared holistic approach (2020/2243(INI));
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 4 c (new)
Citation 4 c (new)
– having regard to its resolution of 8 March 2022 on the role of culture, education, media and sport in the fight against racism (2021/2057(INI));
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 4 e (new)
Citation 4 e (new)
– having regard its resolution of 14 December 2022 on the implementation of the New European Agenda for Culture and the EU Strategy for International Cultural Relations (2022/2047(INI));
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7 a (new)
Citation 7 a (new)
– having regards to 'Pan-Europa' by Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi, published in 1923, as one of the seminal texts of European integration;
Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7 c (new)
Citation 7 c (new)
– having regards to the Leaflets of the White Rose, published in 1942;
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7 e (new)
Citation 7 e (new)
– having regards to the French Presidency programme to the Council of the EU, proposing the setting up of an independent committee on the history of Europe and the creation of an Academy of Europe;
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7 g (new)
Citation 7 g (new)
– having regards to the Solemn Declaration on European Union signed in Stuttgart in 1983;
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7 i (new)
Citation 7 i (new)
– having regards to the Decision1194/2011/EU establishing a European Union action for the European Heritage;
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7 k (new)
Citation 7 k (new)
– having regards to the European Parliament project on European Democracy sites;
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 8 a (new)
Citation 8 a (new)
– having regards to the Spinelli Group Proposal for a Manifesto for a Federal Europe: Sovereign, Social and Ecological, adopted in the Island of Ventotene on 29 August 2022;
Amendment 22 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 8 c (new)
Citation 8 c (new)
– having regards to the Ventotene Manifesto, "For a Free and United Europe. A draft manifesto" by Altiero Spinelli and by Emesto Rossi, published in 1944;
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 8 e (new)
Citation 8 e (new)
– having regards to the Schuman Declaration presented by French foreign minister Robert Schuman on 9 May, 1950;
Amendment 24 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas Europe’s complex, conflict-ridden and contested past poses both a challenge and an opportunity for European integrationin order to advance in the European integration, Europe must face its complex and contested past, as well as promoting its fundamental values, in particular the Union as a peace project, that Member States agreed to hold as a solution to its historical conflicts;
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
Aa. whereas European integration finds its roots in the antifascist and resistance movements against Nazism and fascism;
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas gender-, belief- and ethnicity-based injustices have been inherpresent in European history over many centuries, including in the form of antisemitism and antigypsyism; whereas these forms of discrimination are against European values as enshrined in Article 2 TEU;
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas gender-, belief- and ethnicity-based injustices have been inherent in European history over many centuries, including in the form of antisemitism and antigypsyism; whereas these forms of discrimination are against European values as enshrined in Article 2 TEU;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
Ca. whereas in recent times, the rewriting of history has been increasingly used for political manipulation and fuelled misinformation; whereas these praxis can have serious and dangerous consequences; whereas the rewriting of history by Vladimir Putin in his essay “On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians” prefigures his war of aggression against Ukraine;
Amendment 52 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
Recital G a (new)
Ga. whereas more than 50% of students declare that they did not have opportunities to learn about the European Union at school, whereas providing knowledge about the origin of the Union, its composition and functioning, and the rights and obligations of its citizens are fundamental to fight disinformation, populism and allow for the emerge of an active Union citizenship;
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)
Recital G a (new)
Ga. whereas the role of women in history has generally been under- represented, with their achievements being made invisible in favour of men; whereas the dissemination of women’s footprint and the evolution of women’s rights in history is an indispensable axis in the creation of a European historical consciousness;
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G b (new)
Recital G b (new)
Gb. whereas the teaching of history lacks an interdisciplinary, multicultural and gender approach intersecting topics to capture its various aspects and context; whereas even general teaching on human rights and peace education have not received sufficient attention in the history curricula so far1a ; _________________ 1a Ecker, A. (2018) The Education of History Teachers in Europe—A Comparative Study. First Results of the “Civic and History Education Study”. Creative Education, 9, 1565-1610.
Amendment 60 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
Recital H a (new)
Ha. whereas education is the main tool for building societies shaped by democratic values of freedom, respect and solidarity and should be considered an investment in the future rather than a cost; whereas the European Education Area is a unique opportunity to provide fair and equal opportunities in education by 2025, to give everyone reading, scientific and analytical skills that are necessary to apprehend history and to foster a sense of belonging to Europe and civic awareness;
Amendment 63 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H c (new)
Recital H c (new)
Hc. whereas student mobility and other tools of the Erasmus+ programme favour the exchange of ideas and promote a more transversal knowledge, breaking down national barriers and providing a better understanding of European past and present history;
Amendment 64 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H d (new)
Recital H d (new)
Hd. whereas cultural and historical heritage is part of the historical identity of each place and serves the construction of historical consciousness; whereas such heritage and its monuments have sometimes been used politically by attributing and linking them directly to an ideology or political movement;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H e (new)
Recital H e (new)
He. whereas the European Heritage Label as a tool for the selection of sites for their symbolic value, the role they have played in European history and the activities they offer can be used for the creation of historical awareness in a direct and interactive way;
Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H f (new)
Recital H f (new)
Hf. whereas the teaching of history should be expanded to other sources and topics, such as new technologies, virtual words, film, archives and museums; whereas museums are powerful tools for teaching history and building historical awareness;
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H g (new)
Recital H g (new)
Hg. whereas there is a great value in collecting data and comparing methods and tools for teaching history; whereas the Council of Europe Observatory collects data and facts on how history is taught and provides a clear picture of the state of history teaching in its MMEE;
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H i (new)
Recital H i (new)
Hi. whereas artistic and academic freedom are under increased pressure in many parts of Europe, with attempts of political interference notably on the management of universities, theatres and cultural centres;
Amendment 70 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H j (new)
Recital H j (new)
Hj. whereas citizens’ engagement and the participation of civil society organisations play an important role in raising awareness of history, as in the European remembrance projects supported by the CERV programme;
Amendment 82 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading 1
Subheading 1
Dealing with Europe’s (dark) past as a risk andpast as an opportunity
Amendment 83 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph -1 (new)
Paragraph -1 (new)
-1. Acknowledges that Europe’s history is complex, as it has suffered continuous conflict and wars since the fall of the Roman Empire, but has also delivered important achievements such as classic culture, the renaissance, or the enlightenment, among others;
Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph -1 a (new)
Paragraph -1 a (new)
-1a. Recognises that only the creation of the European Communities after 1950 has abolished war among the European nations that belong to them;
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Acknowledges that the diverse and often conflicting historviews of European nations and states make any effort to deal with history at a supranational political level a difficult and potentially dangerous endeavour, and that attempts to regulate how to history are generally biased towards a nation-centric approach and must be overcommemorate and interpret the past always prove to be ch by more objective and less fragmented supranational lengingses;
Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Believes that the Union is an object of research in itself, in particular, regarding the European common cultural substrate beyond the nation state, those transnational historic events occurring at a European level, the intellectual history of the idea of Europe, as well as the history of the European communities in itself;
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 b (new)
Paragraph 1 b (new)
1b. Notes that the history of Europe cannot be understood without the role of organised civil society and social movements, such as the role played by the Union of European Federalists and the European movement international;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Considers a responsible, evidence- based and critical approach when dealing with history a sine qua non for any democratic body politic, in order to sensitise current and future generations for achievements and aberrations of the past alike, strengthen a self-reflexive public discourse and foster understanding and reconciliation within and among particular social groups, nations and states;
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 a (new)
Paragraph 3 a (new)
3a. Considers that the knowledge of history, and Europe in particular, is essential to avoid repeating the horrors of the past, especially those connected to Nazism, fascism, Stalinism, and antisemitism and antisemitism, particularly in view of the re-emergence of revisionist extremist and national- populistic political forces;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 b (new)
Paragraph 3 b (new)
3b. Considers essential that, at a minimum, all Member States educate on the origins and evolution of European integration as a project of democratic peace;
Amendment 106 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 c (new)
Paragraph 3 c (new)
3c. Calls to strengthen those institutions and projects with a rigorous approach towards European history, including its contested history; believes in this regard that the budget and personnel endowed to the House of European History should be strengthened and that more efforts should be done to decentralise the House in order to make it accessible to citizens across the Union;
Amendment 109 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Stresses the need for an honest assessment of the EU’s ‘politics of the past’, through which it has striven to add legitimacy toas a means to further strengthen the European project and strengthen athe European sense of belonging, by equally acknowledging achievements and existing shortcomings;
Amendment 112 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5 a (new)
Paragraph 5 a (new)
5a. Calls in this regard on the Commission to explore how to maximise synergies between youth mobility and the EU Strategy on combating antisemitism, by connecting secondary schools, within the network of places where the Holocaust happened, enabling students to visit at least one of such places in Europe during their schooling years;
Amendment 125 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7
Paragraph 7
7. RecognisBelieves that the Union’s concern mainly with narrating a story about itself ex negativo, with is a democratic and antifascist project founded on combating the horrors of the past and especially National Socialism and Stalinism serving as a ‘negative foundation myth’,and providesing a strong sense of purpose for the European project, yet bears the risk of nurturing a teleological and simplistic black-and- white scheme of history which potentially hampers a fully informed understanding of Europe’s intricate past and reduces incentives to challenge stereotypes and sacred cows of national histories;
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Recognises the need for a broader and more holistic understanding of European history for a (self-)critical European historical consciousness to emerge, including our complex heritage and history, in particular by widening the focus of current European remembrance initiatives;
Amendment 139 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. Stresses the importance to move away from a European ‘remembrance culture’ that is predominantly top-down and concerned with defining what Europeans should remember towardsBelieves that a European ‘remembrance culture’ should be complemented with a bottom-up and citizens-driven ‘culture of remembering’ based on common European principles and values, concentrating on developing capacities for a critical reworthinking of the past at national and European levels;
Amendment 141 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Paragraph 9 a (new)
9a. Underlines that the strategic objective linked to the social dimension of the New European Agenda for Culture contains the protection and promotion of Europe's cultural heritage as a shared resource, to raise awareness of our common history and values; calls on the Commission and the Member States for measures to strengthen the protection of cultural heritage and monuments from being used for political or ideological purposes;
Amendment 143 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 b (new)
Paragraph 9 b (new)
9b. Encourages the Member States to develop, following the criteria of respect for democratic values of the Union, their own laws of democratic memory, including the definition, declaration and protection of places of democratic memory associated with tangible or intangible cultural heritage linked to events of singular relevance due to its historical, significance or its impact on collective democratic memory;
Amendment 144 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 c (new)
Paragraph 9 c (new)
9c. Highlights the fundamental role of museums as spaces that disseminate European history and culture; calls on the Commission to develop tools to guarantee the independence and scientific freedom of museums in their role of preserving and promoting the natural, cultural and historical heritage of humanity;
Amendment 145 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 d (new)
Paragraph 9 d (new)
9d. Calls on the Commission and MMEE to make best use of the Council of Europe's work, including work by its Gender Equality Commission that has gathered best practice on promoting an education free from gender stereotypes; calls on the Council of Europe to report more broadly on the state of history teaching in Europe;
Amendment 149 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10
Paragraph 10
10. Acknowledges the crucial importance of approaching Europe’s past on the foundation of European core values as enshrined in Article 2 TEU, resting on such as humanism, tolerance, democracy and the rule of law, and of creating an open sphere of discussion that also makes it possible to address difficult elements of national histories and that provides for mutual understanding and reconciliation both within and between European nations;
Amendment 152 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10 a (new)
Paragraph 10 a (new)
10a. Stresses the role that the achievement of the European Education Area (EEA) by 2025 must play in the teaching and learning of history; calls on the Commission, through the EEA Working Group on Equality and Values, to work on deliverables that address specifically the development of European historical consciousness;
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11
Paragraph 11
11. Calls on the Member States to revise current curricula and teaching methodologies with a view to shifting focus from national towards European and global history and in order to allow for more emphasis on a supranational historical remembranceunderstanding, in particular by allowing for multiple interpretations of the same historical period and event and by fostering corresponding teaching styles that favour reflection and discussion over knowledge transfer and that are guided by the overall objective of making students learn ‘how to think’ rather than ‘what to think’;
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12 a (new)
Paragraph 12 a (new)
12a. Calls for the inclusion of a specific module on European citizenship in EU youth mobility programmes, in order to reinforce their EU added value;
Amendment 176 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13
Paragraph 13
13. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to strengthen the tools currently available at European level in order to foster a (self-)critical European historical consciousness, in particular the Erasmus+ programme, which supports mobility and intercultural learning as key tools to increase understanding of other cultures and nations, and the CERV programme, which provides support for transnational historical remembrance projects and promotes civic engagement; by among other facilitating visits to European memory sites in the host country as part of the Erasmus and ESC experience;
Amendment 181 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13 a (new)
Paragraph 13 a (new)
13a. Calls on the Member States to increase the presence of a gender and multicultural perspective in history teaching, as well as the inclusion of content related to the acquisition of rights by the LGBTQI+ community and the fight against racism;
Amendment 186 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13 c (new)
Paragraph 13 c (new)
13c. Stresses the potential of the DiscoverEU programme for the development of young people's knowledge of European history and critical consciousness; recalls that DiscoverEU must reach out to all young people who wish to participate, especially those with fewer opportunities; calls on the Commission to create a Historical route to encourage visits to places that are emblematic of the history of European integration, in addition to the other four routes already created;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14
Paragraph 14
14. Requests that the European institutions, the Member States, educational institutions and civil-society actors step up efforts to abstain from and repudiate any attempt to instrumentalise history for political purposes and fight historical revisionism, negationism and denialism both in the European Union and beyond;
Amendment 200 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 a (new)
Paragraph 16 a (new)
16a. Calls for the EU’s rule of law mechanism to include all forms of freedom of expression, including artistic expression and academic freedom; in this regard, urges the Commission to take artistic and academic freedom as part of the next rule of law report and link the conditionality regime to freedom of expression more explicitly;