Activities of David CORMAND related to 2020/2013(INI)
Shadow opinions (1)
OPINION on artificial intelligence: questions of interpretation and application of international law in so far as the EU is affected in the areas of civil and military uses and of state authority outside the scope of criminal justice
Amendments (9)
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Recalls that it follows from Directive (EU) 2018/958 that humans must always bear ultimate responsibility for, and remain in control of, decision-making and actions that involves risks to the achievement of public interest objectives, or might potentially harm individuals or society at large;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Recalls that the principle of proportionality in international law needs to be respected and that questions of causality and liability need to be clarified to determine the extent to which the State as an actor in public international law, but also in exercising its own authority, can actually transfer that authority to with the help of systems based on AI, which have a certain autonomyle remaining accountable and subject to democratic scrutiny, notably by parliaments; considering the decisional hegemony and control of certain private actors over the development of such technologies, calls for strengthening the accountability of such private actors under international law;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Urges, therefore, the Member States to assess the risks related to AI- driven technologies before automating activities connected with the exercise of State authority, such as the proper administration of jusStresses the need to invest in human skills to leverage AI as supporting human decisions rather than replacing humans, by enhancing and scaling human experticse; calls on the Member States to consider the need to provide for safeguards, foreseen in Directive (EU) 2018/958, such as supervision by a qualified professional and rules on professional ethics;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Believes that Member States and the Commission should promote AI technologies that work for people; calls on the Member States, in close cooperation with the Commission, to develop AI applications aimed at automating and facilitating e-government services, for example in the area of tax administration; underlines that explainable algorithms are, human readable and well-documented algorithms respecting the obligation for information and transparency are very important to ensure that businesses and consumers can trust in and benefit from better, non- discriminatory and reliable public services at a lowefair cost.
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 a (new)
Paragraph 5 a (new)
5a. Considers that AI technologies and network systems should aim towards legal certainty for citizens and consumers; therefore underlines that the conflict of laws and of jurisdictions rules should apply, while taking into account the consumer interest and the risk of forum shopping, and that the efforts to fight unjustified geo-blocking should be pursued.
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 b (new)
Paragraph 5 b (new)
5b. Stresses that AI network systems, especially when designed for use in the military area or for matters of national security, might infringe rights or interests and cause accidents harming individuals or society as a whole, and must abide by ethical and technical standards to be determined between the competent supervisory authorities at Union and national levels but also worldwide; calls for the establishment of jurisdictional authorities competent to handle such infringements and ensure proper redress.
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 c (new)
Paragraph 5 c (new)
5c. Recalls its resolution of 12 September 2018 on autonomous weapons systems; repeats its demand for a ban on the production, development, and use of fully autonomous weapons which enable strikes to be carried out without human intervention; urges the Commission and the Member States to launch a broad international policy dialogue aiming to establish global legal standards on and legal and ethical limitations to the development, proliferation and use of increasingly autonomous weapon systems, e.g. in the form of a binding international agreement.
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 d (new)
Paragraph 5 d (new)
5d. Calls for the Union to establish a governance and market surveillance structure for AI-based systems to issue guidance, opinions and expertise to Member States’ authorities.