27 Amendments of Clare DALY related to 2020/2042(INI)
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas climate change and consequential natural disasters have become common drivers of forced migration, which will be further exacerbated as the climate crisis worsens; whereas major CO2 emitters like the EU have a moral duty to help developing countries adapt to climate change, and should reduce their own emissions;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas climate-induced migration is strongly related to o change has dramatic consequences on the long-term development of developing countries, and in particular least developed countries; whereas according to OECD, the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) experience significant constraints in their factors, including povertyight against climate change because of their high levels of poverty, low levels of education and limited human, institutional, economic, technical and financial capacity; whereas climate- induced migration is strongly related to these other factors, since when a countryies lacks the appropriate resources to adapt to climate change, this can aggravate poverty the already severe constraints these countries face and force people to move; whereas climate change is an important risk multiplier for conflict, drought, famine and migration;
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Believes that the EU has a historic responsibility to be the most ambitious signatory of the Paris Agreement and should acknowledge and act on its climate and environmental debt; stresses that the best form of climate diplomacy is by showing global leadership, as committed to in the European Green Deal, with true commitment to the Paris Agreement goals and Paris-compliant policies and targets within the EU;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Asserts that the interests of the fossil fuel industry are inherently incompatible with the necessary actions to reduce inequalities and halt global warming at 1.5° C, and that the fossil fuel industry has contributed to human rights abuses and environmental crimes, particularly in the Global South, which have disproportionately affected vulnerable populations; calls for the EU to commit to urgently phasing out all public finance for fossil fuels, and to support measures to shift all financial flows out of fossil fuels and high carbon activities, under the UNFCCC, through making such a commitment and detailing phase-out plans in its NDC, and supporting a COP decision on a global phase-out goal; calls for the EU and Member States to aspire towards an agreement under the UNFCCC for a subsequent fossil fuel non-proliferation agreement;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion
Recital B a (new)
Recital B a (new)
Ba. whereas migration has to be seen in the context of environmental change as an adaptation strategy to adverse environmental change and part of the solution, not as a problem which must be fought;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion
Recital B b (new)
Recital B b (new)
Bb. whereas there have been about 288 million people newly internally displaced due to disasters between 2008 and 2019, with floods causing half of the disaster- related displacement;
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion
Recital B c (new)
Recital B c (new)
Bc. whereas regional initiatives in Africa and Latin America have developed instruments to strengthen protection for those displaced in the context of climate change and disasters;
Amendment 34 #
2. Stresses that the current decision- making process under the UNFCCC is skewed against LDCs and needs to be improved to better involve poor and vulnerable country delegates; calls on the COP26 presidency and future presidencies to insist that the COPs end on time and to explore ways to ensure that delegates from the LDCs and SIDs, who have fewer resources to participate on an equal footing to the developed country delegates, are not structurally disadvantaged; calls on the EU delegation to the COPs to enhance engagement with vulnerable country delegates;
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion
Recital B d (new)
Recital B d (new)
Bd. whereas the UN non-binding Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement define IDPs as persons who were compelled to leave their homes or habitual residences, ‘in particular as a result of or in order to avoid the effects of armed conflicts, situations of generalised violence, violations of human rights or natural or human-made disasters”; whereas there is however today no international legal instrument that would address cross-border migration as a consequence of climate change, natural or human-made disasters;
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Notes that only a few Member States provide climate finance on top of their official development assistance (ODA) commitments; reiterates that climate finance should be new and additional as required under the UNFCCC; Calls on all EU Member States to rapidly scale up climate finance, prioritising grants-based finance, in particular for LDCs and SIDS, and to increase financial support during the 2020- 2025 period, especially for adaptation and resilience building, to achieve a balance between mitigation and adaptation finance;
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Highlights that there are other environmental factors not directly linked to climate change, but linked to human- made environmental changes such as land degradation or marine and coastal ecosystem degradation, land and water grabbing, as well as environmental disasters and pollution caused by wars, which also act as risk-multipliers and migration drivers, notably in vulnerable populations that are highly dependent on agriculture and natural local resources.
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 b (new)
Paragraph 1 b (new)
1b. Emphasises that mobility, including cross-border mobility, needs to be part of the responses to adverse environmental changes;
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Calls for the post-2025 target for climate finance to ensure that the needs of the most vulnerable countries are met through dedicated, quantitative sub-goals, including a sub-goal for adaptation finance and a sub- goal for loss and damage finance; and grants-based finance, and qualitative goals, such as meaningful, inclusive and participatory adaptation planning and implementation, and removal of barriers to accessing available finance; believes that future finance goals should take account of the needs of developing countries, as well as the Paris Agreement's equity principle, in determining EU contributions;
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Deplores the fact that, while climate migration is a reality that is set to intensify, people who move for long-term, climate change-related reasons have no effective access to protection in the EU; calls on the Member States and the Commission to put in place protection pathways, which include promoting humanitarian visas, temporary protection, authorisation to stay, and regional and bilateral free movement agreements; proposes that a climate passport be issued to persons coming from a country, or part of it, that will become uninhabitable due to climate change, its consequences or other environmental changes as a way to offer them protection from vulnerability and statelessness; proposes that any change in the environment due to climate change, natural or human-made disaster be explicitly listed among eligibility criteria for humanitarian protection; calls on the Commission and Member States to put forward such proposals in international forums, in parallel to other EU initiatives;
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Recalls that the WIM Review 2019 acknowledges the importance of the implementation of the WIM for vulnerable populations in particular; urges the EU to support the calls of LDCs for a specific financing facility on loss and damage under the UNFCCC and for immediate debt relief; calls for new and additional sources of loss and damage finance; further calls for debt relief and debt cancellation for loss and damage, and a loss and damage disaster mechanism by which loans would be converted to grants when disaster strikes;
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Deplores the fact that, while climate migration is a reality that is set to intensify, people who move for long-term, climate change-related reasons have no effective access to protection in the EU; calls on the Member States and the Commission to put in place protection pathways, which include promoting humanitarian visas, temporary protection, authorisation to stay, and regional and bilateral free movement agreements; proposes that a climate passport be issued to persons coming from a country, or part of it, that will become uninhabitable due to climate change as a way to offer them protection from vulnerability and statelessness; proposes that any change in the environment due to climate change be explicitly listed among eligibility criteria for humanitarian protection; calls on the Commission and Member States to put forward such proposals in international forums, in parallel to other EU initiatives;
Amendment 67 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Expresses concern at how international climate market mechanisms can have negative implications; calls on the EU and Member States to advocate a ‘do no harm’ principleRegrets that the Clean Development Mechanism led to human rights abuses in particular affecting vulnerable populations in developing countries; Expresses concern at how international climate market mechanisms can have negative implications on local communities when there is a lack of protections; calls on the EU and Member States to advocate robust rights-based social and environmental safeguards, including Free Prior and Informed Consent, and a ‘do no harm’ principle, as well as grievance mechanisms governed by an independent body and supervisory bodies free from conflict of interest for all such mechanisms;
Amendment 72 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 7
Paragraph 7
7. Stresses that insufficient adaptation capacities lead to climate-induced displacement; calls for the WIM Taskforce on Displacement to step up its activitie and that it is the most vulnerable populations in developing countries who are the most likely to be forced to migrate; expresses its support and calls for the WIM Taskforce on Displacement to step up its activities and to ensure that it is more inclusive of LDCs and SIDs; urges the EU and Member States to call for an IPCC Special Report on the issue of climate-induced displacement and calls for a bigger focus on climate-induced displacement in future COPs;
Amendment 72 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Calls for the effective implementation of the Global Compact on Refugees, to ensure more effective protection, via complementary pathways and appropriate financing, for persons displaced by the consequences of climate change or, natural or human-made disasters;
Amendment 85 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Insists that the legally binding agreement for a post-2020 global biodiversity framework involve and benefit vulnerable populations; reiterates the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services by the IPBES that exports of crops and other resources from developing countries has contributed to declines in nature, while importing developed and rapidly-growing developing countries often decrease nature degradation nationally;
Amendment 90 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Calls on the Commission to enhance and better coordinate less restrictive legal channels for third-country workers and their families, which would include mobility schemes and preferential access for workers coming from a country, or part of it, affected by climate change or human- made environmental changes;
Amendment 92 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Calls on the Commission to enhance and better coordinate less restrictive legal channels for third-country workers and their families, which would include mobility schemes and preferential access for workers coming from a country, or part of it, affected by climate change;
Amendment 96 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. Recalls the IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land recognises that Indigenous Peoples and local communities play a critical role in stewarding and safeguarding the world's lands and forests, and that strengthening their rights is a critical solution to the climate crisis as it contributes to mitigation and adaptation; also recalls the IPBES Global Assessment Report that nature is generally declining less rapidly in indigenous peoples’ land than in other lands; Calls for greater international support for indigenous land rights, which would contribute to limiting global warming and biodiversity loss.
Amendment 104 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Amendment 111 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Underlines the ruling of the UN Human Rights Committee of 20 January 2020, which states that countries may not deport individuals facing climate change- induced conditions that violate the right to life; calls on the Member States to consider the risk of violations of the right to life due to climate change, natural or human- made disasters as part of their return decisions, notably triggering non- refoulement obligations;
Amendment 124 #
Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 a (new)
Paragraph 7 a (new)
7a. Calls on the EU to enhance its support, as part of its external action, towards climate mitigation and adaptation in developing countries, as well as the protection and restoration of biodiversity, calls also on the EU to step up its technical assistance, as well as sharing of best practices with developing countries; notes that more funding should be dedicated to climate-related objectives and efforts to strengthen climate-resilience in developing countries; stresses that funding currently channelled towards border security and policing in the EU would be better spent on grants-based and other non-contingent financial support for climate mitigation, adaptation and other efforts to strengthen climate resilience in developing countries;