Activities of Miriam LEXMANN related to 2021/2199(INI)
Plenary speeches (1)
Security in the Eastern Partnership area and the role of the common security and defence policy (debate)
Amendments (35)
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1 a (new)
Citation 1 a (new)
— having regard to the Preamble of the Treaty on the European Union (TEU), in particular, paragraphs 3, 4 and 6,
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 24 a (new)
Citation 24 a (new)
— having regard to the Council conclusions of 22 January 2018 on the Integrated Approach to External Conflicts and Crises,
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas the EaP is part of the EU’s comprehensive approach to regional cooperation and security, specifically designed to bolster relationships with the six EaP countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine, to help promote peace and, stability and prosperity on the EU’s eastern flank, strengthen economic cooperation, support cross-sectoral reform and contribute to the countries' overall resilience;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas between 2021-2027, the EU aims also to further invest in a range of security stabilisation initiatives such as enhancing the ability of EaP countries to meet hybrid and cyber threats;
Amendment 44 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas the essential aims of the EaP are beneficial to the international community, including Russia, in that they help to forge a more stable region through measures that enhance good governance, the rule of law and good neighbourliness by promoting peace, stability and prosperity, and prospects for the peoples of all EaP countries;
Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)
Recital C a (new)
C a. whereas regional peace and security are crucial for the future development of EaP countries and for the stability on the European continent;
Amendment 51 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C b (new)
Recital C b (new)
C b. whereas a clear commitment from the EU to the European perspective of the Eastern Partnership countries, in particular the associated countries, is crucial for pro-democratic reforms and societies' security, stability, and prosperity;
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas the EaP Summit on 15 December 2021 must resulted in increased efforts to bolster resilience, security dialogue and cooperation in the areas of the CSDP;
Amendment 58 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas President Putin’s Russia hasRussia continues to engaged in continuousarmed aggression and hybrid warfare against EaP countries, backed by the ever- present threat of force across the region, to keep states politically weak and off-balance and tied to Moscow’s self- declared sphere of influence, effectively removing the right of EaP countries to choose their own alliancesand disregarding the EaP countries' sovereignty and territorial integrity; whereas the destabilising activities also aim to weaken and degrade the EU's role in the region;
Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
Recital F
F. whereas in September 2021, Russia’s joint ZAPAD military exercise with Belarus and several other countries in the Russia-led Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO) served to demonstrated that Russia’s gap in military capabilities is rapidly closing while its aim of deepening its political and military relations with CSTO countries is risinginfluence over the CSTO countries is rising; whereas the Russian- led CSTO deployment to Kazakhstan in January 2022 demonstrated Russia's willingness to use the organisation in support of its interests;
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital G
Recital G
G. whereas the 2014 invasion and illegal annexation of Crimea demonstrated that Russia rejects EU or NATO aspirations in former Soviet territories and is determined to contend and contest any attempts to aid democratic development in a region which it considers its ‘near abroad’; whereas the 'near abroad' continues to be perceived by the Kremlin as Russia's sphere of influence;
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
Recital H
H. whereas the Normandy Format and Minsk I & II Agreements have failed to end hostilities between Ukraine and Russian-backed separatistforces in Donetsk and Luhansk; whereas the conflict in the Donbas region has killed more than 14 000 people; whereas Russia continues to illegally occupy the Crimean peninsula;
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital J
Recital J
J. whereas following the electoral unrest, Belarus has largely abandoned its aim of fostering better relations with the EU, having reversed trends towards democratisation and taken to weaponising refugees in an attempt to uproot domestic aspirations towards liberalisation and destabilise EU Member Statethe illegitimate regime of Aliaksandr Lukashenka is using migrants as a hybrid weapon to destabilise, weaken and divide EU Member States in order to achieve the removal of EU targeted sanctions against individuals and entities responsible for brutal oppression in Belarus;
Amendment 132 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital K
Recital K
K. whereas the outbreak of hostilities between Azerbaijan and Armenia fundamentally altered the political, strategic and operational status quo of the South Caucasus and resulted in Russia’s deployment of approximately 2 000 peacekeeping troops to the area in and around Nagorno-Karabakh as part of a ceasefire agreement; whereas the consequences of these hostilities and the presence of Russian peacekeepers is also impacting the political developments in Armenia and the future of the country's reform agenda; whereas the EU's lack of strategic foresight and diplomatic initiative allowed Russia, Turkey, Iran and other actors to strengthen their influence in the South Caucasus;
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L
Recital L
L. whereas the Russian Federation is continuing to further reinforce its illegal military presence in Georgia’s occupied territories and to intensify its military build-up and military exercises, and is engaging in borderisation and passportisation, seriously destabilising the security situation on the ground;
Amendment 141 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital M
Recital M
M. whereas the success of any CSDP mission depends on the level of political will and cohesion, as well as of the EU Member States as well as the partner countries, and the willingness of Member States to invest their expertise and resources;
Amendment 143 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital M a (new)
Recital M a (new)
M a. whereas China continues to play an increasingly active role in the EaP countries, including through the Belt and Road Initiative;
Amendment 145 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital N
Recital N
N. whereas the threats posed to the EU’s east not only concern friction withastern neighbourhood not only concern the behaviour and actions of Russia, but also a wide range of threats, including, influence of other authoritarian regimes, terrorism, organised crime, human trafficking, corruption, mass irregular migration, disinformation, and a host of other threats to the cohesion of societies both within and outside the EUin the neighbourhood;
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital Q
Recital Q
Q. whereas the upcoming Strategic Compass must provide the CSDP with the political and strategic ambition, capabilities and resources needed to generate positive change, particularly across its strategic neighbourhood; whereas political will among the EU Member States is crucial in implementing the priorities of the Strategic Compass;
Amendment 169 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital R
Recital R
R. whereas the CSDP will also requiremust be based on close coordination with NATO’s defence and deterrence posture and the Open Door Policy;
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital S
Recital S
S. whereas the EU Advisory Mission for Civilian Security Sector Reform in Ukraine (EUAM) has identified five priority areas, including, national and state security, organised and cross-border crime, criminal justice, community safety and police management and digital transformation and innovation, in supporting the reform of the civilian security sector in Ukraine with an annual budget of EUR 29.5 million and an authorised staff of 371 including Ukrainian nationals and personnel from other non-EU countries, with a mandate up for renewal in 2024;
Amendment 231 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AI
Recital AI
AI. whereas since 2014, the United States has provided over USD 2.9 billion in security assistance to Ukraine, with an annual allocation of USD 393 million as of 2021, making Ukraine the largest single recipient of foreign military aid in Europe while the US trains four brigades of the Ukrainian armed forces each year; whereas in January 2022 the US has provided the first transfer of lethal equipment to Ukraine in the form of Javelin anti-tank guided missiles;
Amendment 234 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AJ
Recital AJ
AJ. whereas the United Kingdom provides capacity building and non-lethal training to over 20 000 Ukrainian armed forces personnel; whereas in January 2022 the UK has provided the first transfer of lethal equipment to Ukraine in the form of next generation light anti- tank weapons (NLAWs);
Amendment 270 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 a (new)
Paragraph 1 a (new)
1 a. Stresses the need for boosting cooperation with EaP countries on peace and security by devoting particular attention to de-escalation of on-going tensions and a peaceful and sustainable resolution of frozen and protracted conflicts in the region; encourages to this end the application of an integrated approach by realising the full potential of the CSDP in connection with relevant policy tools, in view of promoting the strategic objectives of human security and sustainable peace across the EaP region and beyond;
Amendment 291 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 a (new)
Paragraph 2 a (new)
2 a. Welcomes the decision of Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia to supply Ukraine with defensive lethal equipment in order to boost Ukraine's capacity to defend its sovereignty and territorial integrity;
Amendment 302 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Encourages Member States each to deploy personnel to CSDP missions in EaP countries to ensure all Member States are represented in missions throughout the region and to encourage greater participation by non-EU countries in these missions, particularly former communist countries that have hosted successfully completed CSDP missions and have a better grasp of the local context;;
Amendment 326 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Paragraph 9 a (new)
9 a. Calls on the Commission, the EEAS, the CPCC and the MPCC to enhance synergies with other policy fields and relevant stakeholders in view of stepping up efforts in pre-emptive peace- building, preventive diplomacy, early warning, confidence-building and the citizens' resilience against disinformation;
Amendment 337 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10
Paragraph 10
10. Considers the Three Seas Initiative (3SI) as a best practice for using investment that promotes mutual security and stability in critical infrastructure and believes that ita complementary initiative should be opened to include EaP and Western Balkan countries;
Amendment 348 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11
Paragraph 11
11. Invites Member States to reinforce cooperation with NATO, also through the upcoming EU-NATO joint declaration, in supporting the defence and security capacity of our neighbours to the east; notes, however, that no cooperation in the realm of security and defence should include the illegitimate regime of Aliaksandr Lukashenka, as any potential activities might be used against EU Member States or to oppress the Belarusian people;
Amendment 354 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12
Paragraph 12
12. Calls on the Vice-President of the Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (VP/HR) to ensure that the upcoming Strategic Compass dedicates ample focus to EaP countries and that it is closely coordinated with NATO’s upcoming Strategic Concept 2022, especially in areas of cyber defence and countering hybrid warfare; notes that the EU's approach must be holistic, including, supporting democratic and economic reforms, strengthening institutional and societal resilience, and enhancing security and defence capacities;
Amendment 364 #
13. Calls on the EEAS to coordinate assessment reports and political messaging with Member States' embassies and NATO Liaison Offices in EaP countries;
Amendment 369 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14
Paragraph 14
14. Encourages Member States that share both EU and NATO membership and that lead different NATO capacity building initiatives with EaP countries to ensure that training efforts and the transfer of best practices are coordinated with the EU MPCC and CPCC; encouragescalls on the Member States to ensure that CSDP missions in EaP countries embrace close coordination with NATO’s defence and deterrence posture and Open Door Policy;
Amendment 380 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16
Paragraph 16
16. Encourages the VP/HR to devote particular attention to the security of the EaP area in the upcoming EU-US security and defence dialogue, the EU-US dialogue on China, and the EU-US dialogue on Russia;
Amendment 381 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 a (new)
Paragraph 16 a (new)
16 a. Calls for stronger focus on reconciliation and re-building of community ties in the light of the divisions present in the EaP region; encourages in this regard active engagement with civil society actors as well as with Churches and religious communities in areas such as local conflict analysis, mediation, reconciliation and strengthening of social cohesion;
Amendment 434 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 a (new)
Paragraph 24 a (new)
24 a. Calls on the EEAS to monitor China's growing presence in the EaP countries, including, the consequences (and potential consequences) for the internal security of the EaP countries as well as the wider geopolitical situation;