89 Amendments of Miguel PORTAS related to 2011/0058(CNS)
Amendment 19 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 1
Recital 1
(1) Companies which seek to do business across frontiers within the Union encounter serious obstacles and market distortions owing to the existence of 27 diverse corporate tax systems. These obstacles and distortions impede the proper functioning of the internal market and foster tax competition and a race to the bottom. They create disincentives for investment in the Union and run counter to the priorities set in the Communication adopted by the Commission on 3 March 2010 entitled Europe 2020 – A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. They also conflict with the requirements of a highly competitive social market economy.
Amendment 38 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 5
Recital 5
(5) Since differences in rates of taxation do not give rise to the sameraise any obstacles, to the system (the Common Consolidated Corpofunctioning of the single market but allow and encouratge Ttax Base (CCCTB)) need not affect the discretion of Member States regarding their national rate(s) of company taxationcompetition, it is necessary to initiate a process of harmonisation of tax rates that should start by setting lower and upper limits and culminate in a single rate at European Union level.
Amendment 54 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) Since such a system is primarily designed to serve the needs of companies that operate across borders, it should be an optional scheme, accompanying the existing national corporate tax systemit only makes sense to talk about tax harmonisation if it covers the whole of the European Union, it will have to be a mandatory scheme, applying to all Member States and companies.
Amendment 64 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 11
Recital 11
Amendment 66 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 12
Recital 12
(12) Income consisting in interest and royalty payments should be taxable, with credit for withholding tax paid on such payments. Contrary to the case of dividends, there is no difficulty in computing such a credit.
Amendment 70 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 15
Recital 15
(15) Taxpayers should be allowed to carry losses forward to the next year indefinitely, but no loss carry-back should be allowed. Since carry- forward of losses is intended to ensure that a taxpayer pays tax on its real income, there is no reason to place a time limit on carry forward. Loss carry back is relatively rare in the practice of the Member States, and leads to excessive complexity.
Amendment 74 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 16
Recital 16
(16) Eligibility for consolidation (group membership) should be determined in accordance with a two-part test based on (i) (i) control (more than 50% of voting rights) and (ii) ownership (more than 75% of equity) or rights to profits (more than 750% of rights giving entitlement to profit). Such a test ensures a high level of economic integration between group members, as indicated by a relation of control and a high level of participation. The two thresholds should be met throughout the tax year; otherwise, the company should leave the group immediately. There should also be a nine-month minimum requirement for group membership.
Amendment 81 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 21
Recital 21
(21) The formula for apportioning the consolidated tax base should comprise three equally weighted factors (labour, assets and sales). The labour factor should be computed on the basis of payroll and the number of employees (each item counting for half). The asset factor should consist of all fixed tangible assets. Intangibles and financial assets should be excluded from the formula due to their mobile nature and the risks of circumventing the system. The use of these factors gives appropriate weight to the interests of the Member State of origin. Finally, sales should be taken into account in order to ensure fair participation of the Member State of destination. Those factors and weightings should ensure that profits are taxed where they are earned. As an exception to the general principle, where the outcome of the apportionment does not fairly represent the extent of business activity, a safeguard clause provides for an alternative method.
Amendment 107 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 1
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 1
(1) 'taxpayer' means a company to which has opted to apply, the system provided for by this Directive applies;
Amendment 112 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 3
Article 4 – paragraph 1 – point 3
(3) 'non-taxpayer' means a company to which is ineligible to opt or has not opted to apply the system provided for by this Directive does not apply;
Amendment 126 #
Proposal for a directive
Chapter 3 – title
Chapter 3 – title
Amendment 130 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – title
Article 6 – title
Amendment 132 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Article 6 – paragraph 1
1. A company to which this Directive applThis Directive, under the conditions provided for therein, shall apply compulsorily to companies which isare resident for tax purposes in a Member State may opt for the system provided for by this Directive under the conditions provided for thereinand which meet the requirements laid down in Article 2(1).
Amendment 136 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – paragraph 2
Article 6 – paragraph 2
2. A company to which this Directive applThis Directive, under the conditions provided for therein, shall apply to companies which isare not resident for tax purposes in a Member State may opt for the system provided for by this Directive under the conditions laid down therein in respect of aand which meet the requirements laid down in Article 2(2) in respect of the application of the system to all permanent establishments maintained by it in a Member States.
Amendment 140 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – paragraph 6
Article 6 – paragraph 6
6. A company resident in a Member State which opts for the system provided for by this Directive shall be subject to corporate tax under that system on all income derived from any source, whether inside or outside its Member State of residence.
Amendment 141 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 6 – paragraph 7
Article 6 – paragraph 7
7. A company resident in a third country which opts for the system provided for by this Directive shall be subject to corporate tax under that system on all income from an activity carried on through a permanent establishment in a Member State.
Amendment 148 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 11 – paragraph 1 – point c
Article 11 – paragraph 1 – point c
Amendment 151 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 11 – paragraph 1 – point d
Article 11 – paragraph 1 – point d
d) proceeds from a disposal of shares;eleted
Amendment 162 #
Proposal for a directive
Chapter 8 – title
Chapter 8 – title
PROVISIONS ON THE ENTRY INTO AND EXIT FROMFORCE OF THE SYSTEM PROVIDED FOR BY THIS DIRECTIVE
Amendment 164 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 44 – paragraph 1
Article 44 – paragraph 1
Amendment 169 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 46 – paragraph 1
Article 46 – paragraph 1
Revenues and expenses which pursuant to Article 24(2) and (3) are considered to have accrued or been incurred before the taxpayer opted intoentry into force of the system provided for by this Directive but were not yet included in the tax base under the national corporate tax law previously applicable to the taxpayer shall be added to or deducted from the tax base, as the case may be, in accordance with the timing rules of national law.
Amendment 171 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 46 – paragraph 2
Article 46 – paragraph 2
Revenues which were taxed under national corporate tax law before the taxpayer opted intoentry into force of the system in an amount higher than that which would have been included in the tax base under Article 24(2) shall be deducted from the tax base.
Amendment 174 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 47 – paragraph 1
Article 47 – paragraph 1
1. Provisions, pension provisions and bad- debt deductions provided for in Articles 25, 26 and 27 shall be deductible only to the extent that they arise from activities or transactions carried out after the taxpayer opted intoentry into force of the system provided for by this Directive.
Amendment 177 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 47 – paragraph 2
Article 47 – paragraph 2
2. Expenses incurred in relation to activities or transactions carried out before the taxpayer opted intoentry into force of the system but for which no deduction had been made shall be deductible.
Amendment 178 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 47 – paragraph 3
Article 47 – paragraph 3
3. Amounts already deducted prior to opting intothe entry into force of the system may not be deducted again.
Amendment 180 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 48 – title
Article 48 – title
Amendment 182 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 48 – paragraph 1
Article 48 – paragraph 1
Where a taxpayer incurred losses before opting intothe entry into force of the system provided for by this Directive which could be carried forward under the applicable national law but had not yet been set off against taxable profits, those losses may be deducted from the tax base to the extent provided for under that national law.
Amendment 185 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 49
Article 49
Amendment 187 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 49 – paragraph 1
Article 49 – paragraph 1
Amendment 191 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 50
Article 50
Amendment 193 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 50 – paragraph 1
Article 50 – paragraph 1
Amendment 196 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 51
Article 51
Amendment 198 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 51 – paragraph 1
Article 51 – paragraph 1
Amendment 201 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 52
Article 52
Amendment 205 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 53
Article 53
Amendment 207 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 53 – paragraph 1
Article 53 – paragraph 1
Amendment 210 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 54 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 54 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. Qualifying subsidiaries shall be all immediate and lower-tier subsidiaries in which the parent company holds the following rights:more than 50% of the voting rights and of the rights giving entitlement to profit.
Amendment 211 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 54 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 54 – paragraph 1 – point a
Amendment 213 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 54 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 54 – paragraph 1 – point b
Amendment 216 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 54 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 54 – paragraph 2 – point b
b) entitlement to profit and ownership of capital shall be calculated by multiplying the interests held in intermediate subsidiaries at each tier. OAll ownership rights amounting to 75% or less held directly or indirectly by the parent company, including rights in companies resident in a third country, shall also be taken into account in the calculation.
Amendment 221 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 57 – paragraph 2
Article 57 – paragraph 2
2. When the consolidated tax base is negative, the loss shall be carried forward and be set off againstto the following year and be deducted from the next positive consolidated tax base. When the consolidated tax base is positive, it shall be shared in accordance with Articles 86 to 102.
Amendment 222 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 57 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 57 – paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. When the negative consolidated tax base corresponds to the taxpayer's first tax year, it may be carried forward to the following three years, being deducted from the respective positive tax bases, where they exist. When the negative consolidated tax base corresponds to the taxpayer's second tax year, it may be carried forward to the following two years, being deducted from the respective positive tax bases, where they exist.
Amendment 227 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 58 – paragraph 2
Article 58 – paragraph 2
2. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, a taxpayer shall become a member of a group on the date when the thresholds of Article 54 areis reached. The thresholds must be met for at least nine consecutive months, failing which a taxpayer shall be treated as if it had never having become a member of the group.
Amendment 240 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 66 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 66 – paragraph 1 – point a
a) if the taxpayer remains in the system provided for by this Directive but outside a group, the losses shall be carried forward and be set off according to Article 43;
Amendment 242 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 66 – paragraph 1 – point c
Article 66 – paragraph 1 – point c
Amendment 245 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 68 – paragraph 1
Article 68 – paragraph 1
Where a taxpayer which is the economic owner of one or more self-generated intangible assets leaves the group, an amount equal to the costs incurred in respect of those assets for research, development, marketing and advertising in the previous five years shall be added to the consolidated tax base of the remaining group members. The amount added shall not, however, exceed the value of the assets on the departure of the taxpayer from the group. Those costs shall be attributed to the leaving taxpayer and shall be treated in accordance with national corporate tax law which becomes applicable to the taxpayer or, if it remains in the system provided for by this Directive, the rules of this Directive.
Amendment 251 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 72 – paragraph 1
Article 72 – paragraph 1
Without prejudice to Article 75, revenue which is exempt from taxation under Article 11(c), (d) or (e) may be taken into account in determining the tax rate applicable to a taxpayer.
Amendment 254 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 73 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 73 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 11(c), (d) or (e) shall not apply where the entity which made the profit distributions, the entity the shares in which are disposed of or the permanent establishment were subject, in the entity’s country of residence or the country in which the permanent establishment is situated, to one of the following:
Amendment 255 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 73 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 73 – paragraph 1 – point a
(a) a tax on profits, under the general regime in that third country, at a statutory corporate tax rate lower than 420% of the average statutory corporate tax rate applicable in the Member States;
Amendment 258 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 73 – paragraph 2
Article 73 – paragraph 2
Amendment 260 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 75
Article 75
Amendment 262 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 75 – paragraph 1
Article 75 – paragraph 1
Amendment 263 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 75 – paragraph 2
Article 75 – paragraph 2
Amendment 264 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 75 – paragraph 3
Article 75 – paragraph 3
Amendment 266 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 76 – paragraph 1
Article 76 – paragraph 1
1. Where a taxpayer derives income which has been taxed in another Member State or in a third country, other than income which is exempt under Article 11(c), (d) or (e), a deduction from the tax liability of that taxpayer shall be allowed.
Amendment 267 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 76 – paragraph 4
Article 76 – paragraph 4
4. In calculating the deduction, the amount of the income shall be decreased by related deductible expenses, which shall be deemed to be 20.5% thereof unless the taxpayer proves otherwise.
Amendment 268 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 76 – paragraph 5
Article 76 – paragraph 5
5. The deduction for the tax liability in a third country may not exceed the final corporate tax liability of a taxpayer, unless an agreement concluded between the Member State of its residence and a third country states otherwise.
Amendment 272 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 81 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 81 – paragraph 1 – point a
(a) a tax on profits is provided for, under the general regime in theat third country, at a statutory corporate tax rate lower than 420% of the average statutory corporate tax rate applicable in the Member States;
Amendment 282 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 82 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 82 – paragraph 1 – point b
(b) under the general regime in the third country, profits are taxable at a statutory corporate tax rate lower than 420% of the average statutory corporate tax rate applicable in the Member States, or the entity is subject to a special regime that allows for a substantially lower level of taxation than that of the general regime;
Amendment 284 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 83 – paragraph 1
Article 83 – paragraph 1
1. The income to be included in the tax base shall be calculated according to the rules of Articles 9 to 15. Losses of the foreign entity shall not be included in the tax base but shall be carried forward to the next tax year and taken into account when applying Article 82 in the subsequent years.
Amendment 285 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 83 – paragraph 4
Article 83 – paragraph 4
Amendment 288 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 86 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 86 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. The consolidated tax base shall be shared between the group members in each tax year on the basis of a formula for apportionment. In determining the apportioned share of a group member A, the formula shall take the following form, giving equal weight to the factors of sales, labour and assets: Apportioned share A = [1/3(A sales/group sales)+1/3(A payroll/group payroll)+1/3 (A assets/group assets)]*consolidated tax base
Amendment 296 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 90 – paragraph 1
Article 90 – paragraph 1
1. The labour factor shall consist, as to one half, of the total amount of the payroll of a group member as its numerator and the total amount of the payroll of the group as its denominator, and as to the other half, of the number of employees of a group member as its numerator and the number of employees of the group as its denominator. Where an individual employee is included in the labour factor of a group member, the amount of payroll relating to that employee shall also be allocated to the labour factor of that group member.
Amendment 297 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 90 – paragraph 2
Article 90 – paragraph 2
Amendment 300 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 91 – paragraph 1
Article 91 – paragraph 1
1. EThe payroll relating to employees shall be included in the labour factor of the group member from which they receive remuneration.
Amendment 301 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 91 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1
Article 91 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1
Notwithstanding paragraph 1, where employees physically exercise their employment under the control and responsibility of a group member other than that from which they receive remuneration, those employees and the amount of payroll relating to them shall be included in the labour factor of the former.
Amendment 302 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 91 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 2 – point b
Article 91 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 2 – point b
(b) the payroll relating to such employees represents at least 5% of the overall number of employeestotal amount of payroll of the group member from which they receive remuneration.
Amendment 303 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 91 a (new)
Article 91 a (new)
Article 91a – Limits applying to statutory corporate tax rates Statutory corporate tax rates under general regimes shall be between 25% and 35% in all Member States.
Amendment 323 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 104
Article 104
Amendment 326 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 104 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 104 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Amendment 328 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 104 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 104 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Amendment 330 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 104 – paragraph 2
Article 104 – paragraph 2
Amendment 332 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 104 – paragraph 3
Article 104 – paragraph 3
Amendment 336 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 105
Article 105
Amendment 338 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 105 – paragraph 1
Article 105 – paragraph 1
Amendment 342 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 105 – paragraph 2
Article 105 – paragraph 2
Amendment 344 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 105 – paragraph 3
Article 105 – paragraph 3
Amendment 347 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106
Article 106
Amendment 350 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106 – paragraph 1
Article 106 – paragraph 1
Amendment 352 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point a
Amendment 353 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point b
Amendment 354 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point c
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point c
Amendment 355 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point d
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point d
Amendment 356 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point e
Article 106 – paragraph 1 – point e
Amendment 357 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 106 – paragraph 2
Article 106 – paragraph 2
Amendment 361 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 107
Article 107
Amendment 364 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 107 – paragraph 1
Article 107 – paragraph 1
Amendment 366 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 107 – paragraph 2
Article 107 – paragraph 2
Amendment 419 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 133 – paragraph 1
Article 133 – paragraph 1
The Commission shall, five years after the entry into force of this Directive, review its application and report to the Council on the operation of this Directive. The report shall in particular include an analysis of the impact of the mechanism set up in Chapter XVI of this Directive and the national rates applied on the distribution of the tax bases between the Member States.