Activities of Evangelia TZAMPAZI related to 2008/0015(COD)
Plenary speeches (1)
Geological storage of carbon dioxide (debate)
Amendments (28)
Amendment 93 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Recital 14 a (new)
Recital 14 a (new)
(14a) After completion of the 12 demonstration projects, the Commission should, on the basis of the experience acquired and in the light of the technological advances, evaluate the operation and the viability of the projects and submit a report thereon. On the basis of that report, the Commission should present a proposal to the European Parliament and the Council for the amendment of this Directive and the specification of the technical elements in order to include the environmental and safety evaluation results.
Amendment 97 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Recital 15
Recital 15
(15) Member States should retain the right to determine the areas within their territory from which storage sites may be selected. The selection of the appropriate storage site is crucial to ensure that the stored CO2 will be completely contained for the indefinite future. A site should therefore only be selected as a storage site, if there is no significant risk of leakage, and if in any case no significant environmental or health impacts are likely to occur. This should be determined through a characterisation and assessment of a potential storage complex pursuant to specific requirements. When storing in saline aquifers it would be useful to take into consideration the possible future use for the provision of potable water. At the same time the transparency of the selection procedure should be ensured by facilitating public access to relevant information and applying the Community legislation concerning public participation.
Amendment 107 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Recital 17
Recital 17
(17) Storage sites should cannot be operated without a storage permit. The storage permit should be the core instrument to ensure that the substantial requirements of the Directive are met and that geological storage hence takes place in an environmentally safe way.
Amendment 111 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Recital 18
Recital 18
(18) All draft storage permits should be submitted to the Commission in order for it to be able to issue an opinion on the draft permits within six months of their submission. The national authorities should take this opinion into consideration when taking a decision on the permit and should justify any departure from the Commission's opinion. The review at Community level should help to ensure consistency in implementation of the requirements of the Directive across the Community, to take into account possible transboundary issues and also enhance public confidence in CCS, especially in the early phase of the implementation of the Directive.
Amendment 117 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Recital 21
Recital 21
(21) Monitoring is essential to assess whether injected CO2 is behaving as expected, whether any migration or leakage occurs, and whether any identified leakage is damaging the environment or human healthany form of life. To that end, Member States should ensure that during the operational phase, the operator monitors the storage complex and the injection facilities on the basis of a monitoring plan designed pursuant to specific monitoring requirements. The plan should be submitted to and approved by the competent authority.
Amendment 123 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Recital 27
Recital 27
(27) After the transfer of responsibility, monitoringregular inspections should be allowed to cease, but should be re-activated, if and monitoring could be reduced to a level which allows for identification of leakages or significant irregularities. If any leakages or significant irregularities are identified. There should be no recovery of, the necessary corrective measures should be taken by the competent authority. In the event that the closts incurred by the competent authority from the former operator after the transfer of responsibilure of the storage site and/or transfer of responsibility was based on inaccurate or false information, the operator should remain liable for the costs of corrective measures and any damage caused to human health or the environment. In all other cases, the relevant costs should be covered by a fund, financed by operators' contributions and managed by the competent authority.
Amendment 139 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 1 - paragraph 1
Article 1 - paragraph 1
1. This Directive establishes a legal framework for the environmentally safe geological storage of carbon dioxide (hereinafter "CO2").
Amendment 146 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 1 - paragraph 2
Article 1 - paragraph 2
2. The purpose of geological storage is permanent containment of CO2 in such a way as to prevent or reduce as far as possibleliminate negative effects on the environment and any resulting risk to human health.
Amendment 160 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 3 - point 1
Article 3 - point 1
(1) 'geological storage of CO2' means injection into and environmentally safe storage of CO2 streams in underground geological formations;
Amendment 182 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 3 - point 11
Article 3 - point 11
(11) ''substantial change' means any change which may have significant effects on the environment or human health; this change could be identified as the outcome of a comparison of certain determinant values (i.e. such as pH, the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution) gathered before and after the injection of CO2;
Amendment 188 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 3 - point 12
Article 3 - point 12
(12) 'CO2 stream' means a flow of substances that results from carbon dioxide capture processes and consists of no less than 99,9% CO2;
Amendment 195 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 3 - point 17
Article 3 - point 17
(17·) 'corrective measures' means any measures taken to correct significant irregularities or to close leakages in order to prevent or minimisestop the release of CO2 from the storage complex;
Amendment 202 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 3 - point 20 b (new)
Article 3 - point 20 b (new)
(20b) 'monitoring' means the gathering of data and reporting obligations, in accordance with Annex I, to ensure the environmentally safe storage of CO2 in three phases: (a) pre-injection or background data, (b) during-injection, or during the storage site operation, and (c) closure, and post-closure or permanent monitoring obligations. All monitoring phases should be subject to adequate and separate verification.
Amendment 206 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 3 - point 20 f (new)
Article 3 - point 20 f (new)
(20f) 'demonstration projects' means projects intended to demonstrate by 2014 the environmentally safe long-term application of CO2 geological storage, pursuant to the requirements of this Directive.
Amendment 210 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 4 - paragraph 1 a (new)
Article 4 - paragraph 1 a (new)
1a. Member States shall submit to the Commission by 1 January 2011 detailed information on their current CO2 storage capacity.
Amendment 215 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 4 - paragraph 2
Article 4 - paragraph 2
2. A geological formation shall only be selected as a storage site, if under the proposed conditions of use there is no significant risk of leakage, and if no significant negative environmental or health impacts are likely to occur.
Amendment 239 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 5 – paragraph 4 a (new)
Article 5 – paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. Pre-injection monitoring should be considered an integral part of the exploration permit and be proposed accordingly.
Amendment 253 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 7 – point 3 a (new)
Article 7 – point 3 a (new)
(3a) a financial assessment of the cost of capturing and safely storing CO2. This will take into account alternative means of supplying the required energy through measures such as demand-side energy efficiency improvements and renewable energy;
Amendment 292 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 10 – paragraph 1
Article 10 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall inform the Commission of all draft storage permits, the permit applications and any other material taken into consideration by the competent authority when adopting its draft decision. Within six months of their submission to the Commission, the Commission mayshall issue an opinion on the draft permits.
Amendment 301 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 11 – paragraph 3 – point a
Article 11 – paragraph 3 – point a
(a) if it has been notified of significanty irregularities or leakages pursuant to Article 16(1);
Amendment 310 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 12 – paragraph 1
Article 12 – paragraph 1
1. A CO2 stream shallould consist overwhelmingly off no less than 99,9 % carbon dioxide. To this end, no waste and other matter may be added for the purpose of disposing of that waste or other matter. However, a CO2 stream may contain incidental associated substances from the source, capture or injection process. Concentrations of those substances shall be below levels that would adversely affect the integrity of the storage site and relevant transport infrastructure and pose a significant risk to the environment or breach the requirements of applicable Community legislationThis level may be revised under the review procedure provided for in Article 36a in the light of future scientific evidence.
Amendment 319 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 13 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 13 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. Member States shall ensure that the operator carries out real-time monitoring of the injection facilities, the storage complex (including where possible the CO2 plume), and where appropriate the surrounding environment for the purpose of:
Amendment 340 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 18 – paragraph 1
Article 18 – paragraph 1
1. Where a storage site has been closed pursuant to points (a) or (b) of Article 17(1), the responsibility for the closed site, including all ensuing legal obligations, shall be transferred to the competent authority on its own initiative or upon request from the operator,remain with the operator for a post- closure interim period of at least 50 years. Transfer to the competent authority shall occur at the end of the initial 50-year period, only if and when all available evidence indicates that the stored CO2 will be completely contained for the indefinite future and the criteria laid down in the storage permit for transferring responsibility have been met. To this end, the operator shall prepare a report documenting that thise criteriona hasve been met and submit it to the competent authority for the latter to approve the transfer of responsibility.
Amendment 352 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 18 – paragraph 5
Article 18 – paragraph 5
5. After the transfer of responsibility, pursuant to paragraphs 1 to 4, monitoring may cease. However, if any leakages or significant irregularities are identified, monitoring shall be reactivated as required to assess the scregular inspections should be allowed to cease and monitoring could be reduced to a level which allows for identification of leakages or significant irregularities. If any leakages or significant irregularities are identified, the necessary corrective measures shall be taken by the competent authority. In the event that the closure of the storage site and/or transfer of responsibility has been based on inaccurate or false of the problem and the effectiveness of corrective measuresinformation, the operator shall remain liable for the costs of corrective measures and any damage caused to human health or the environment. In all other cases, the relevant costs as well as the monitoring costs shall be covered by the fund referred to in Article 19a, financed by the operators' contributions and managed by the competent authority.
Amendment 359 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 18 – paragraph 6
Article 18 – paragraph 6
6. There shall be no recovery of costs incurred from the former operator after the transfer of responsibility to the competent authority pursuant to paragraphs 1 to 4. This will not apply where, due to the fault or negligence of the operator, the closure of a storage site is based on inaccurate or false information. In this case the operator shall remain liable for the costs of corrective measures to remedy any damage to human health or the environment. In all other cases, the relevant costs as well as the monitoring costs shall be covered by the fund referred to in Article 19a, financed by the operators' contributions and managed by the competent authority.
Amendment 368 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 19 – paragraph 1
Article 19 – paragraph 1
1. Member States shall ensure that adequate provisions, by way of financial security or any other equivalent, on the basis of modalities to be decided by the Member States, are made by the applicant prior to the submission of the application for a storage permit to ensure that all obligations arising under the permit issued pursuant to this Directive, including closure procedures and post-closure provisions, as well as any obligations arising from inclusion under Directive 2003/87/EC can be met. The Commission shall provide guidelines according to which Member States will decide on the amount of the financial security as well as provide for a minimum amount of the financial security.
Amendment 373 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 19 a (new)
Article 19 a (new)
Article 19a Reserve fund In each Member State, a segregated reserve fund shall be established and maintained through annual contributions paid by storage site operators upon commencement of CO2 injection. This fund shall be held and administered by the competent authority. The operators’ contributions shall be related to the capacity of the storage site in volume units of CO2, , past performance of the operator and the risk profile of the site according to the parameters set out in Annex I. Contributions shall continue until the transfer of responsibility to the competent authority is completed. The fund shall be used to cover the costs for monitoring, oversight and remediation incurred by the competent authority after transfer of responsibility, and exceptionally also before such a transfer, when liability is not covered by Directive 2004/35/EC or Directive 2003/87/EC, and/or if financial security is inadequate or unavailable.
Amendment 419 #
Proposal for a directive – amending act
Article 36 a (new)
Article 36 a (new)
Article 36a Review After completion of the 12 demonstration projects and in the light of the technological advances, the Commission shall, by 1 January 2016, evaluate the functioning and viability of those projects and report thereon. On the basis of this report, the Commission shall present a proposal to the European Parliament and the Council to amend this Directive, as appropriate, and specify its technical elements in order to include the environmental and safety evaluation results.