Activities of Jean LAMBERT related to 2015/2063(INI)
Plenary speeches (2)
Prevention of radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations (debate)
Prevention of radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations (debate)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on the prevention of radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations PDF (231 KB) DOC (209 KB)
Amendments (47)
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 1
Citation 1
– having regard to Articles 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 21 of the Treaty on European Union and to Articles 4, 16, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 75, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87 and 88 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 10 a (new)
Citation 10 a (new)
- having regard to the Additional Protocol to the Council of Europe Convention on the Prevention of Terrorism Adopted by the Committee of Ministers at its 125th Session on 19 May 2015
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas more than 5000 European citizens have joined terrorist organisations, particularly ISIS (Da'esh) in Iraq and Syria; whereas this phenomenon is speeding up and taking on ssuch individuals are known as foreigni ficant proportions;ghters
Amendment 21 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)
Recital A a (new)
Aa. Whereas radicalisation has become a term used to describe the phenomenon of people embracing intolerant opinions, views and ideas which could lead to violent extremism
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A b (new)
Recital A b (new)
Ab. Whereas radicalisation is not to be associated with any one ideology or faith but may occur within any of them
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B
Recital B
B. whereas the terrorist attacks in Paris, and Copenhagen and Tunis in early 2015 highlight the security threat which is posed by the presence and movement of these foreign fighterof violent extremists who are often EU nationals in Europe; whereas the European Union has condemned these attacks in the strongest terms and has committed itself to combat terrorism alongside the Member States;
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas combating terrorism and preventing the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations still falls essentially within the sphere of competence of the Member States, but whereas a concerted European approach is necessary to harmonisco- ordinate or harmonise where appropriate the legislation that applies in an area where European citizens are free to move;
Amendment 72 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas the extent to which the state assumes responsibility forto counteract the risk of radicalisation can vary greatly from one Member State to another; whereas, while some Member States have already taken effective measures, others are lagging behind in their action to tackle this phenomenon; whereas some of these measures have discriminatory effects on some of the communities and which may therefore be counterproductive;
Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F
Recital F
F. whereas European action is required as a matter of urgency to prevent the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens in order to contain this growing phenomenon so as to stem the flow of departures by European citizens tointending to actively participate in or support movements which violate human rights and international norms and laws, notably in conflict zones and prevent other terrorist acts from being committed on European soil;
Amendment 87 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
Recital F a (new)
Fa. whereas this is an international phenomenon and lessons may be learned from many parts of the world;
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
Recital H a (new)
Ha. whereas the important thing now is to put greater stress on preventive rather than reactive measures to address the active support of European citizens for illegal acts of violence and their recruitment by terrorist organisations;
Amendment 102 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
Recital H
H. whereas it is essential that fundamental rights and civil liberties be respected in all measures undertaken by the European Union; whereas the security of European citizens is not incompatible with guaranteeing their and Member States, namely the right to private life, the right to data protection, presumption of innocence, the right to a fair trial and due process, freedom of expression and freedom of religion; whereas the security of European citizens must preserve their civil and political rights and freedoms; whereas, indeed, these two principles are two sides of the same coin;
Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)
Recital H a (new)
Ha. whereas terrorism and foreign fighters' recruitment have heightened intolerance towards religious and ethnic communities in several countries in Europe; whereas a holistic strategy to combat discrimination in general and Islamophobia and anti-Semitism in particular are crucial instruments to curb radicalisation;
Amendment 122 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1
Paragraph 1
1. Calls on the Commission to establish as quickly as possible a global strategy to prevent the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations and individuals, taking into account all vectors of radicalisation, on the basis of the exchange of best practice within the European Union and elsewhere, and the evaluation of measures undertaken in the Member States; takes the view that the Commission should contribute to and support Member states in developing an intensive communication strategy on preventing the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations and individuals;
Amendment 142 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Calls on the Commission to establish a common definition of ‘foreign fighters' and to carry out an based on the definition provided by the resolution 2178 of the UN Security Council and by ensuring that it won't include any elements of religion, nationality, civilisation, racial or ethnical origin; to do a re-examination of the so- called "terrorist-list" and to carry out in- depth studyies of the process and the various influences which lead to radicalisation;
Amendment 150 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3
Paragraph 3
3. Stresses the importance of making the fullest use of existing instruments to combat the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens by terrorist organisations; recommends that more use should be made of European funds to that end; stresses the major role which can be played by the Radicalisation Awareness Network (RAN) in taking on this objective of stamping outcounteracting the radicalisation of European citizens;
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4
Paragraph 4
4. Stresses that prisons remain a breeding groundone of several environments for the spread of radical ideologieviolent extremists; calls on the Commission to encourage the exchange of best practices among the Member States in order to counter the increase of radicalisaviolent extremism in Europe's prisons; deplore however the overcrowding of prisons, leading to poor conditions in Europe's prisons; prisons in several Member states 1 a __________________ 1a http://www.prisonobservatory.org/index.p hp?option=com_content&view=article&id =20&Itemid=129
Amendment 178 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5
Paragraph 5
5. Calls on the Commission to publishropose guidelines on measures to be implemented in Europe's prisons aimed at preventing Europeans from becoming radicalised; recommends that the Member States segregate radicalised inmates within their prisons in order to prevent radicalism from being imposed through intimidation on other inmates and to contain radicalisation in those institutionhould examine the evidence and experience concerning the segregation of inmates within their prisons before and when developing the appropriate strategy for their own prison regimes;
Amendment 198 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Supports the establishment of specialised European training for prison staff in order to teach them to detect and prevent radical behaviour; and know how to act on this knowledge; reiterates the importance to ensure freedom of faith and belief in prisons and therefor stresses the importance of appropriately training and recruiting prison chaplains so that they can not only adequately meet prisoners' cultural and spiritual needs in prisons, but also counter radical discourse;
Amendment 209 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7
Paragraph 7
7. Encourages the establishment of educational programmes in Europe's prisons in order to promote critical thinking and reintegration into society to inmates and their families vulnerable to pressure from radicals in prison and on release;
Amendment 229 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8
Paragraph 8
8. Recalls that radicalised users of the internet plays a significant role in fuelling the radicalisation of European citizens, as ithe internet facilitates the rapid, large- scale distribution of hate messages and praise forincitement to terrorism; expresses concern at the impact that such messages praisinciting to terrorism have on young people, who are particularly vulnerable; calls for a dialogue to bonsiders that all such actions should be within an agreed legal framework; notes the plaunched at European level with the internet giants with a view to preventing the online distribution of hate messages and to eradicating them swiftlyns outlined in the European agenda on security (COM(2015) 185 final of 28 April 2015 and COM(2013) 941 final of 15 January 2015) to set up an internet intermediaries forum as a measure to address terrorism;
Amendment 254 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9
Paragraph 9
9. Feels that the internet giants should be made aware of their responsibilities so that they delete illegal content as quickly as possible; believes that the Member States should plan for the possibility of bringing criminal prosecuRecalls the EU's legal framework for internet provider liability; believes that the Member States should take all necessary measures to take actions against digital actors who do not take action in response to the spread of illicit messages or messages praising terrorism on their internet platforminternet intermediaries who fail to act expeditiously upon receiving knowledge of illegal information being hosted on their servers; believes that refusal or failure to cooperate on the part of internet platforms which allow such messages to circulate should be considered an act of complicity with praising terrorism and should consequently be punishedremain online should be subject to sanctions if expeditious measures are not taken by the intermediary, upon gaining actual knowledge of the illegality of the material;
Amendment 291 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11
Paragraph 11
11. States that the internet giantcompanies, through internet referencing, have the power to promote radicalisation prevention messages aimed at countering messages that praise terrorism; feels that it is thus their duty to highlight messages that oppose; notes however that, in a very complex environment, vigilante action by such companies could be, or could suddenly become, counterproductive; notes that such companies hatve speech and praise for terrorism, thereby makingneither the democratic legitimacy nor the motivation to implement diligent onlgoineg radicalisation more difficulteview processes necessary for such activities to be carried out safely;
Amendment 308 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13
Paragraph 13
13. Feels that every Member State should set up a special unit tasked with flagging illicitegal content on the internet and with facilitating the detection and removaltaking down of content that does not conform to the host internet platform's charter and rules; proposes that such units could cooperate with a European unit responsible for dealing with flaggingmay be illegal, thereby ensuring that investigations can be undertaken without undue delay;
Amendment 329 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14
Paragraph 14
14. Believes that online radicalisation cannot be stamped outaddressed comprehensively without reinforcassessing the tools available to the EU to combat cybercrime; recommends that the European Union strengthenreassess the mandate of the European Cybercrime Centre so that it can play an effective role in better protecting European citizens against online threats and detecting the digital processes used by terrorist organisations;
Amendment 336 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 a (new)
Paragraph 14 a (new)
14a. Urges Member States to make sure that educational programmes on the use of internet exist in every school (primary education through secondary education) aiming at educating and training responsible, critical and law-abiding internet users;
Amendment 337 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 a (new)
Paragraph 14 a (new)
14a. Urges Member States to ensure that academic programmes on the use of the Internet are implemented in schools (both for primary and secondary education), aiming to educate and raise responsible, critical and law-respecful Internet users.
Amendment 338 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 b (new)
Paragraph 14 b (new)
14b. Considers that all measures and new policy making on the part of the EU and of the Member States must obey the proportionality principle and be compliant with fundamental rights and EU values and principles; is of the view that judicial checks must be introduced in all new legislation on the matter, especially in areas where this might impact on freedom of expression and freedom of the media;
Amendment 344 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading IV
Subheading IV
IV. Preventing radicalisation through education and integratsocial inclusion
Amendment 353 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
15. Stresses that schools and education have an important role to play in preventing radicalisationthe spread of violent extremism; recalls the crucial role that schools play in helping to promote integration and develop critical thinking; calls on the Member States to investigate the possibility of introducing, where it does not already exist, education on religious issues in schoolstolerance and anti-discrimination in schools; highlights that Member States should also ensure that schools' education internal functioning respect and promote the fundamental values of the Union (non-discrimination, contribution from all minorities to Europe, democratic participation, respect for diversity, critical thinking and individuality);
Amendment 372 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16
Paragraph 16
16. Calls on the European Union to carry out a communication campaign to raise the awareness of young people, as well as supervisory staff, as regards issues of radicalisation; calls on the Member States to introduce including the fight against conspiracy theories; calls on the Member States to provide educational staff with a specialist training for teaching staff so that they canand appropriated tools to detect any suspiciousworrying changes in behaviour and properly supervise young people who are at risk of being recruited by terrorist organisations; stresses the importance of there being clear guidance in this area so as not to compromise the primary role of teachers, youth workers and others for whom the well-being of the individual is the primary concern; it is important that, to maintain the confidence and respect of those with whom they work, that they should not be viewed with suspicion;
Amendment 401 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17
Paragraph 17
17. Stresses that it is vital to engage in dialogue with the various religious communities in order to help reach a better understanding of the phenomenon of radicalisation; draws the Member States' attention to the issue of the training of religious leaders in order to prevent preachers of hate from appearing in places of worship in Europe, and also of training prison chaplains, particularly when they are around prisoners deemed to behave been radicalised; recognises however, that while places of worship may provide contact points, much of the indoctrination and recruitment process takes place in more informal settings;
Amendment 424 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 19
Paragraph 19
19. Feels that those local actors have a crucial role to play in the development of projects adapted to their towns or organisations, in addition to their role as an integrating factor for those European citizens, including those who feel at odds with society and tempted by radicalisation; feels that the Member States should support the establishment of structures facilitating, in particular, the supervisiondevelopment of young people, as well as exchanges with families, schools, hospitals, universities and so on; notes that such associations and organisations, which do not bear the mark of governments, sometimes achieve better results in reintegrating citizens who are on the path towards radicalisation into society;
Amendment 442 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20
Paragraph 20
20. Considers it vital to set up an alert system in each Member State which would allow families and community members to easily and swiftly flag the development of radical behaviour or a European citizenindicating affinity with violent extremism or an individual's departure to join a terrorist organisation;
Amendment 456 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21
Paragraph 21
Amendment 471 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 22
Paragraph 22
22. Insists on the absolute necessity of stepping up the effective exchange of information between the law enforcement authorities in the Member States; stresses that stepping up the exchange of information between law enforcement authorities will also entail reinforcing the rolethe effective resourcing of European Union agencies, such as Europol and Eurojust;
Amendment 487 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 23
Paragraph 23
23. Stresses that improved cooperation between the Member States aimed at countering the radicalisation and recruitment of European citizens is also characterised by intensive exchanges between the judicial authorities; Notes that better reporting at European level on the criminal records of European citizens at risk of being radicalisedterrorist suspects would help speed up their detection and make it easier for them to be properly monitored, either when they leave or when they return; encourages, therefore, the reform of the ECRIS system; warns, however, of the importance of all EU and Members States action and policies being compliant with EU data protection and privacy rules, enshrined in the EU Charter on Fundamental Rights, EU secondary law and international treaties, covenants and conventions which Member States are party to;
Amendment 498 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
24. Is convinced that the measures aimed at preventing the radicalisation of European citizens and their recruitment by terrorist organisations will not be fully effectivcomplete until they are accompanied by an effective and dissuasive range of criminal justice measures; feels that, through effectively criminalising terrorist acts and other actionactions against human rights carried out abroad with terrorist organisations, the Member States will equip themselves with the tools needed to eliminate radicalisation among European citizensbe better prepared;
Amendment 512 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25
Paragraph 25
25. Believes that criminalising terrorist acts carried out by foreign fighters requires the collection of evidence in third countries to be possible in full compliance with fundamental rights 2a; calls, therefore, on the European Union to work on establishing judicial cooperation agreements with third countries in order to facilitate such processes; where those countries offer sufficient safeguards concerning the rule of law and human rights; __________________ 2a We do not want to see intelligence obtained through torture and illegal mass surveillance
Amendment 525 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26
Paragraph 26
26. Reiterates its belief that the European Union must step up its external border controls as a matter of urgency; stresses that it will be impossible to effectively track the departures or arrivals of European citizens unless mandatory and systematic controls are introduced on the European Union's external borders; states that, to this end, one of the European Union's priorities must be reforming the Schengen Code;Believes that measures implemented to tackle radicalization must not be used in order to limit immigration. Additional controls at external borders, as agreed by Member States, should not lead to racial or ethnic profiling.
Amendment 548 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27
Paragraph 27
27. Calls on Member States to share good practices in regard to exit checks on radicalised EU citizenterrorist suspects and how to manage the return of citizens who have taken part in terrorist activities in conflict theatres abroad; supports in particularunderlines that the confiscation by Member States confiscatingof the passports of EU citizens planning to join terrorists organisationszations contradicts the right to leave one's country as the freedom of movement, and thus must only be implemented for specific and legitimate reasons, and not in the case of general suspicion;
Amendment 580 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 30
Paragraph 30
30. Is convinced that for such enhanced cooperation to be established the Commission, and the European External Action Service (EEAS) in particular, need to make greater efforts in terms of Arabic- speaking staffstaff with relevant language capability and spokespersons; considers it essential that the EUʼs call to combat radicalisationterrorism and violent extremism can be heard beyond its own borders;
Amendment 607 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 32
Paragraph 32
32. States that a comprehensive approach to preventing the radicalisation and recruitment of EU citizens by terrorist organisations can only be successfully put in place if accompanied by measures to deradicalise EU citizens beguiled by terrorist rhetoric; calls on the European Union therefore to facilitate the sharing by Member States of good practices in regard to putting in place prevention and deradicalisation structures to prevent EU citizens leaving the EU or to control their return thereto; recalls the need to offer support to the family of such individuals as well;
Amendment 628 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 34
Paragraph 34
34. Supports the development of a communication campaign at EU level based on the experiences of ʽformer foreign fightersʼ whose eye-witness accounts and traumatic experiences help strip away the religiousalleged significance of fighting for terrorist organisations such as ISIS; encourages Member States therefore to develop such structures enabling face-to- face meetings and dialogue with former fighters; emphasises furthermore that contact with victims of terrorism also seems to be an effective means of stripping radical rhetoric of its religious or ideological significance;
Amendment 632 #
Motion for a resolution
Subheading X
Subheading X
X. Dismantling terrorist and jihadist networks
Amendment 639 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 35
Paragraph 35
35. Supports measures to weaken terrorist organisations from the inside and lessen their potential influence on EU citizens; urges the European Union to look into ways of dismantling jihadistsuch networks and identifying how they are funded; encourages the Commission to propose a regulation on identifying terrorism funding channels;
Amendment 653 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 36
Paragraph 36
36. Calls on Member States to participate in efforts to trace external flows of funding and to display transparency in their relations with certain Gulf countries, with the aim of stepping up cooperation in order to shine a light on the financing of terrorism and fundamentalism in Africa and the Middle East, but also by some associations in Europe; notes that the financial flows linked to associations in Europe are already submitted to regular and comprehensive controls and that the reinforcement of their surveillance can lead to a higher stigmatisation of these organisations, on the base of religious, ethnical, or racial criteria. Recalls that the development of the surveillance system of non-financial flows is essential;