Activities of Sabine WILS related to 2011/0190(COD)
Plenary speeches (1)
Sulphur content of marine fuels (debate)
Shadow opinions (1)
OPINION on the proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive 1999/32/EC as regards the sulphur content of marine fuels
Amendments (42)
Amendment 11 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Recital 1 a (new)
Recital 1 a (new)
(1a) Acidification still remains a widespread problem in Europe. Significant European regions still remain particularly sensitive to acidification issues and the EU has not yet reached its objectives regarding critical loads and levels.
Amendment 15 #
Proposal for a directive- amending act
Recital 3 b (new)
Recital 3 b (new)
(3b) While emissions from land-based sources have been reduced, air pollution from shipping is projected to dramatically increase. Without further action, SOx and NOx emissions from shipping would therefore be higher than emissions from all land-based sources around 2020.
Amendment 17 #
Proposal for a directive- amending act
Recital 4 a (new)
Recital 4 a (new)
(4a) While this Directive aims to reduce emissions from secondary particulate matter (PM), the Commission should complement its efforts to address air pollution from shipping by investigating measures to reduce ship emissions of primary particulate matter, including their abatement efficiencies, costs, benefits, and potential to reduce also black carbon (BC). After a review of available emission control measures for primary PM and BC, the Commission should, if appropriate, come forward with proposals for PM/BC emission standards for ships.
Amendment 19 #
Proposal for a directive- amending act
Recital 4 b (new)
Recital 4 b (new)
Amendment 20 #
Proposal for a directive- amending act
Recital 4 c (new)
Recital 4 c (new)
(4c) Some SOx abatement methods can generate waste, in particular wastewater containing mercury, selenium, and other trace elements that may necessitate treatment of the wastewater before discharge. The Commission should adopt guidelines for the harmonised development of reception facilities in EU ports.
Amendment 23 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 1 a (new)
Recital 1 a (new)
(1a) Acidification still remains a widespread problem in Europe. Significant European regions still remain particularly sensitive to acidification issues and the Union has not yet achieved its objectives regarding critical loads and levels.
Amendment 26 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3 a (new)
Recital 3 a (new)
(3a) Air pollution caused by ships at berth, in particular by cruise ships, is a major concern for harbour cities when it comes to their efforts to meet the Union’s air quality limit values for particulate matter and NO2.
Amendment 26 #
Proposal for a directive- amending act
Recital 6 a (new)
Recital 6 a (new)
(6a) The sulphur content of fuel is only one of the indicators used to determine the quality of fuel. The European Union should adopt a more comprehensive and detailed set of specifications to really identify the quality of fuel in the maritime sector.
Amendment 29 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 3 b (new)
Recital 3 b (new)
(3b) Emissions from land-based sources have been reduced, while air pollution from shipping is projected to increase dramatically. By approximately 2020, SOx and NOx emissions from shipping would, without further action, therefore be higher than emissions from all land-based sources.
Amendment 32 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 4 a (new)
Recital 4 a (new)
(4a) Whilst this Directive aims at reducing emissions from secondary particulate matter, the Commission should complement its effort to address air pollution from shipping by investigating measures to reduce emissions of primary particulate matter from ships, including abatement efficiencies, costs, benefits, and also the potential to reduce black carbon. After a review of available emission control measures for primary particulate matter and black carbon, the Commission shall, if appropriate, come forward with proposals for particulate matter and black carbon emission standards for ships.
Amendment 34 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 4 b (new)
Recital 4 b (new)
Amendment 35 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 4 c (new)
Recital 4 c (new)
(4c) Some types of SOx abatement methods can generate waste, in particular wastewater containing mercury, selenium, and other trace elements that may necessitate treatment of the wastewater before discharge. The Commission should adopt guidelines for the harmonised development of reception facilities in Union ports.
Amendment 43 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 6 a (new)
Recital 6 a (new)
(6a) The sulphur content of fuel is only one of the indicators used to determine the quality of fuel. The Union should adopt a more comprehensive and detailed set of specifications so as to identify fully the quality of fuel in the maritime sector.
Amendment 50 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) Passenger ships operate mostly in ports or close to coastal areas and their impacts on human health and the environment are significant. Those ships are required to use marine fuel with the same maximum sulphur content as is applicable in SECAs (1.5%). Given that stricter sulphur standards will apply in SECAs, it is justified by the need to improve air quality around ports and coasts in the non-SECA territories that the same standards apply to passenger ships. However, the introduction of a new SECA standard for passenger ships would be delayed by 54 years in order to avoid potential problems with fuel availability.
Amendment 57 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Article 1 – point 6 – point (a)
Article 1 – point 6 – point (a)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 4a – title
Article 4a – title
'Maximum sulphur content of marine fuels used in territorial seas, exclusive economic zones and pollution control zones of Member States, including SOx Emission Control Areas and by passenger ships operating on regular services to or from Union ports'
Amendment 61 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) Proper enforcement of the obligations with regard to the sulphur content of marine fuels is necessary to achieve the aims of Directive 1999/32/EC. The experience from the implementation of that Directive has shown that there is a need for stronger monitoring and enforcement regime to ensure a proper implementation of the Directive. To that end, it is necessary that Member States ensure sufficiently frequent and accurate sampling of marine fuel placed on the market or used on board ship as well as regular verification of ships' log books and bunker delivery notes. It is also necessary that they establish a system of effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties for non-compliance with the provisions of Directive 1999/32/EC. In order to ensure more transparency of information, it is also appropriatenecessary to provide that the register of local suppliers of marine fuel is made publicly available.
Amendment 64 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 9
Recital 9
(9) Reporting by Member States under Directive 1999/32/EC has proved insufficient for the purpose of verification of compliance with the provisions of the Directive due to the lack of harmonized and sufficiently precise provisions on the content and the format of the Member States' reports. Therefore, the Commission shall adopt binding implementing legislation pursuant to this Directive establishing more detailed indications as regards the content and the format of the report are necessary to ensure a more harmonised reporting.
Amendment 68 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 11
Recital 11
(11) Complying with the low fuel sulphur limits, particularly in SECAs, can result in a significant increase in the price of marine fuels, at least in the short term, and can have a negative effect for the competitiveness of short sea shipping in comparison with other transport modes as well as for the competitiveness of the industries in the countries bordering SECAs. Suitable solutions are necessary in order to reduce compliance costs for the affected industries, such as allowing for alternative, more cost-effective methods of compliance than fuel-based compliance and while also providing support, where necessary. The Commission will, based inter alia on reports from Member States, closely monitor the impacts of the shipping sector's compliance with the new fuel quality standards, particularly with respect to possible modal backshift from sea to land based transport.
Amendment 69 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Article 1 – point 6 – point (c)
Article 1 – point 6 – point (c)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 4a – paragraph 1a – point (b)
Article 4a – paragraph 1a – point (b)
(b) 0.510 % as from 1 January 202015.
Amendment 81 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Article 1 – point 6 – point (e)
Article 1 – point 6 – point (e)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 4a – paragraph 4 – point (d)
Article 4a – paragraph 4 – point (d)
(d) 0.10 % as from 1 January 202015.
Amendment 85 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Article 1 – point 7
Article 1 – point 7
Directive 1999/32/E
Article 4b – paragraph 2 – point (a)
Article 4b – paragraph 2 – point (a)
Amendment 91 #
Proposal for a directive
Recital 13
Recital 13
(13) In order to determine the date of the application of 0.510% sulphur limit, to designate new SECAs, to approve new alternative abatement methods and to establish the appropriate conditions for their use, to ensure appropriate monitoring of sulphur content of fuels and the harmonized content and the format of Member States' reports and to adapt the provisions of the Directive to scientific and technical progress, the power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union should be delegated to the Commission in respect of specification of the date from which the maximum sulphur content of fuel of 0.510% by mass should apply in the Union, designation of new SECAs on the basis of the decision of the IMO, approval of new emission abatement methods not covered by Council Directive 96/98/EC15 and establishment, supplementation or amendment of conditions for their use, the specification of the means of sampling and emission monitoring and the content and the format of the report and the amendment of Article 2, points 1, 2, 3, 3a, 3b and 4 or Article 6 paragraph 1(a) and 2 in the light of scientific and technical progress and, where relevant, the instruments of the IMO. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level. The Commission, when preparing and drawing up delegated acts, should ensure a simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and to the Council.
Amendment 98 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – point a
(a) in combustion plants which fall within the scope of Chapter III of Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and which comply with the emission limits for sulphur dioxide for such plants as set out in Annex V of that Directive or, where those emission limit values are not applicable according to that Directive, for which the monthly average sulphur dioxide emissions do not exceed 1 70850 mg/Nm³ at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 % by volume on a dry basis;
Amendment 99 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – point b
(b) in combustion plants which do not fall under point (a), and the monthly average sulphur dioxide emissions of which do not exceed 1 70850 mg/Nm3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 % by volume on a dry basis;
Amendment 100 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – point d
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – point d
(d) for combustion in refineries, where the monthly average of emissions of sulphur dioxide averaged over all combustion plants in the refinery, irrespective of the type of fuel or fuel combination used, but excluding plants falling under point (a), gas turbines and gas engines, do not exceed 170850 mg/Nm3 at an oxygen content in the flue gas of 3 % by volume on a dry basis.
Amendment 101 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Article 1 – point 3 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3
Article 3 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 3
Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that any combustion plant using heavy fuel oil with a sulphur concentration greater than that referred to in paragraph 1 is not operated without a permit issued byin a ccompetent authority, which specifies the emission limitsrdance with Articles 14 and 24 of Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control).
Amendment 101 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Article 1 – point 10 – point (a)
Article 1 – point 10 – point (a)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 7 – paragraph 1
Article 7 – paragraph 1
1. Each year, by 30 June, the Member States shall, on the basis of submit a report on the sulphur content of the liquid fuels falling within the scope of this Directive and used and marketed within their territory during the preceding calendar year. That report shall contain the results of the sampling, analysis and inspections carried out in accordance with Article 6, submit. It shall include a repcort tod of the Commission on the compliance with the sulphur standards set out in this Directive for the preceding yeartotal number of samples tested by fuel type and shall indicate the corresponding quantity of fuel used, and the calculated average sulphur content. Member States shall also report the number of inspections made on board ships, and record the average sulphur content of marine fuels used in their territory which do not fall within the scope of this Directive on 11 August 2005. In addition, Member States shall report the total volumes of marine fuels marketed in their territories and the volumes of marine fuels marketed with a maximum sulphur content of respectively 1.00%, 0.50% and 0.10% by mass. Furthermore, Member States shall report annually on the availability on an appropriately balanced geographical basis of low sulphur marine fuels that are marketed within their territory.
Amendment 105 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Article 1 – point 10 – point c a (new)
Article 1 – point 10 – point c a (new)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 7 – paragraph 3a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 3a (new)
ca) the following paragraph 3a is inserted 3a. By 31 December 2015, the Commission shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the observed trends in air quality (both concentrations, exposure, and deposition of air pollutants) and in particular in shipping emissions of SO2, NOx and PM (including black carbon). The Commission may consider submitting proposals to revise the sulphur limit values laid down for each fuel category, as well as proposals aimed at reducing other air pollutants by sea-going ships or at introducing emission charges for air pollution in Europe, provided that environmental and health benefits can be clearly demonstrated.
Amendment 106 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6 – point a
Article 1 – point 6 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 4 a – title
Article 4 a – title
Maximum sulphur content of marine fuels used in territorial seas, exclusive economic zones and pollution control zones of Member States, including SOx Emission Control Areas and by passenger ships operating on regular services to or from Union ports
Amendment 107 #
Proposal for a directive - amending act
Article 1 – point 10 – point c c (new)
Article 1 – point 10 – point c c (new)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 7 – paragraph 3c (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 3c (new)
3b. By 31 December 2015 at the latest, the Commission shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the possible adoption of comprehensive quality standard for marine fuel oil, including full specifications for marine fuel oils such as, inter alia, ash content, aluminium and silicon, other metals (iron, nickel and other metals), acidic and corrosive substances and chemicals. In the context of the review of the EU air quality legislation planned for 2013, the Commission should consider submitting a proposal for a comprehensive fuel quality standard for marine fuel oil as a complementary measure to this Directive, provided that safety, environmental and health benefits can be clearly demonstrated.
Amendment 122 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6 – point c
Article 1 – point 6 – point c
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 4 a – paragraph 1 a – subparagraph 1 – point b
Article 4 a – paragraph 1 a – subparagraph 1 – point b
(b) 0.50 10% as from 1 January 202015.
Amendment 128 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6 – point c
Article 1 – point 6 – point c
Directive 1999/32/EG
Article 4 a – paragraph 1 a – subparagraph 2
Article 4 a – paragraph 1 a – subparagraph 2
Amendment 145 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 6 – point e
Article 1 – point 6 – point e
Directive 1999/32/EG
Article 4 a – paragraph 4 – point d
Article 4 a – paragraph 4 – point d
(d) 0.10 % as from 1 January 202015.
Amendment 157 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 7
Article 1 – point 7
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 4 b – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 4 b – paragraph 2 – point a
Amendment 159 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 7
Article 1 – point 7
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 4 b – paragraph 3 a (new)
Article 4 b – paragraph 3 a (new)
(3a) As from 1 January 2015, Member States shall take all necessary steps to align the sulphur content of marine fuels used by ships on inland waterways, in the territorial seas of the Union or by any ships at berth in Union ports with the values contained in Article 4(2) of the Directive 98/70/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 1998 relating to the quality of petrol and diesel fuels and amending Council Directive 93/12/EEC.
Amendment 182 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 9 – point a
Article 1 – point 9 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1
Member States shall take all necessary measures to check by sampling that the sulphur content of fuels used complies with Articles 3, 3a, 4, 4a and 4b. The sampling shall commence on the date on which the relevant limit for maximum sulphur content in the fuel comes into force. It shall be carried out with sufficient frequency, in sufficient quantities and in such a way that the samples are representative of the fuel examined, and in the case of marine fuel, of the fuel being used by vessels while in relevant sea areas and ports.
Amendment 189 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 9 – point a
Article 1 – point 9 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 a (new)
Article 6 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 3 a (new)
Such delegated acts shall be adopted in the form of binding implementing legislation for the monitoring and reporting of data pursuant to this Directive. The Commission shall adopt such implementing legislation by 31 December 2013.
Amendment 190 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 9 – point b
Article 1 – point 9 – point b
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 6 – paragraph 1 a
Article 6 – paragraph 1 a
(b) paragraph 1a is deleted. replaced by the following: 1a. The enforcement action referred to in paragraph 1 shall be carried out in sufficient frequency to ensure that most of the European maritime traffic complies with Articles 3a, 4,a and 4b. Each year, Member States shall inspect at least 50% of the vessels calling at their ports.
Amendment 191 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 10 – point a
Article 1 – point 10 – point a
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 7 – paragraph 1
Article 7 – paragraph 1
1. Each year, by 30 June, the Member States shall, on the basis of the results of the sampling, analysis and inspections carried out in accordance with Article 6, submit a report to the Commission on the compliance submit a report on the sulphur content of the liquid fuels falling within the scope of this Directive and used and marketed within their territory during the preceding calendar year. That report shall contain the results of the sampling, analysis and inspections carried out in accordance with Article 6. It shall include a record of the total number of samples tested by fuel type and shall indicate the corresponding quantity of fuel used, and the calculated average sulphur content. Member States shall also report on the number of inspections made on board ships, and record the average sulphur content of marine fuels used in their territory which do not fall within the sulphur standards set out in this Directive for the preceding year. cope of this Directive on 11 August 2005. In addition, Member States shall report the total volumes of marine fuels marketed in their territories and the volumes of marine fuels marketed with a maximum sulphur content of respectively 1.00%, 0.50% and 0.10% by mass. Furthermore, Member States shall report annually on the availability on an appropriately balanced geographical basis of low sulphur marine fuels that are marketed within their territory.
Amendment 192 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 10 – point b
Article 1 – point 10 – point b
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 7 – paragraph 1 a
Article 7 – paragraph 1 a
1a. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 9a concerning the information to be included in the report and the format of the report. This information to be included in the report and the format of the report shall be specified in the form of binding implementing legislation for the monitoring and reporting of data pursuant to this Directive. The Commission shall adopt such implementing legislation by 31 December 2013.
Amendment 198 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 10 – point d a (new)
Article 1 – point 10 – point d a (new)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 7 – paragraph 4 a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 4 a (new)
(da) the following paragraph 4a shall be inserted: „4a. By 31 December 2015, the Commission shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the observed trends in air quality (including concentrations, exposure, and deposition of air pollutants) and in particular on shipping emissions of SO2, NOx and PM (including black carbon). The Commission may consider submitting proposals to revise the sulphur limit values laid down for each fuel category, as well as proposals aimed at reducing other air pollutants by sea-going ships or at introducing emission charges for air pollution in Europe, provided that environmental and health benefits can be clearly demonstrated.”
Amendment 199 #
Proposal for a directive
Article 1 – point 10 – point d a (new)
Article 1 – point 10 – point d a (new)
Directive 1999/32/EC
Article 7 – paragraph 4 b (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 4 b (new)
(da) the following paragraph 4b shall be inserted: „(4b) By 31 December 2015 at the latest, the Commission shall report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the possible adoption of comprehensive quality standards for marine fuel oil, including full specifications for marine fuel oils such as, inter alia, ash content, aluminium and silicon, other metals (iron, nickel and other metals), acidic and corrosive substances and chemicals. In the context of the review of the EU air quality legislation planned for 2013, the Commission shall consider submitting a proposal for a comprehensive fuel quality standard for marine fuel oil as a complementary measure to this Directive, provided that safety, environmental and health benefits can be clearly demonstrated.”