BETA


1991/0388(CNS) Statute for a European cooperative society

Progress: Procedure completed

Legal Basis:
EC Treaty (after Amsterdam) EC 095, EC Treaty (after Amsterdam) EC 308, EC before Amsterdam E 100A

Events

2012/02/23
   EC - Follow-up document
Details

The Commission presents a report on the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1435/2003 on the Statute for a European Cooperative Society (SCE Regulation). The SCE Regulation is complemented by Council Directive 2003/72/EC on the involvement of employees in the SCE (‘SCE Directive’). The deadline for adapting national legislation to the Regulation and Directive on the SCE was set for 18 August 2006.

Application : in November 2011, 24 SCEs were registered in the 30 EU/EEA Member States, as follows: five in Italy; seven in Slovakia; one each in France, Liechtenstein, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden; three in Hungary, two in Germany and two in Belgium. The SCE Regulation was due to enter into force in 2006. However, a large majority of Member States failed to meet this deadline. As of December 2011, three Member States had not yet taken the necessary steps to ensure the effective application of the Regulation.

General trend : according to the professional organisations, there is no general trend applying to all cooperatives. When deciding whether to create a national cooperative or an SCE, or when assessing the best country in which to register an SCE, one of the most important issues to consider is taxation. The SCE Statute however, does not regulate taxation, since this is governed by the laws of the country where the SCE is based. Thus, the taxation of cooperatives’ revenues and corporate tax, taxation of profits or surpluses within the hands of the co-operators and taxation of indivisible reserves still differs from one country to another.

After taxation, the other issues to consider - in descending order of importance - are national labour law requirements, and the complexity and relative strictness of the national legislation on cooperatives. When deciding where to register a cooperative, business people will also prefer a country with good communication networks and a business-friendly administrative environment.

A consultation with stakeholders has revealed several problems in applying the SCE Regulation. These apply to both setting up and running an SCE.

The most significant problem for setting up SCEs is lack of awareness about the SCE among the business community . The most important negative drivers are set-up costs, the complex procedures to be followed (because of the numerous references to national law) and legal uncertainty as to which law applies in each case.

A number of stakeholders also see the minimum capital requirement of EUR 30000 as an obstacle, at least for natural persons wishing to set up small SCEs in order to cooperate across borders. However, the alternative view is that having sufficient capital shows that a business is serious.

Some respondents consider the rules on employee involvement as a negative driver as, in their view, they are cumbersome and complex. These rules are also considered disproportionate where only few employees are concerned. However, workers' organisations and other respondents do not point to problems in this area.

Reasons for the relative lack of success of the SCE Statute: it is argued that the SCE statute has been relatively unsuccessful not only because it is complex but also mainly because firms that choose to operate as a cooperative tend to be well anchored in their local territory. After all, the purpose of a cooperative is to serve the members who participate directly in the democratic management of the firm.

The overwhelming majority of cooperatives are small businesses operating within national borders. A number of stakeholders’ organisations therefore doubt whether the SCE statute offers any advantage . In addition, people setting up cooperatives tend to rely on their own national laws, which they know better.

Simplification: all stakeholders tend to believe that the complexity of the instrument is a major obstacle to the success of the SCE. The European organisation representing all national and sectoral federations of cooperatives in the EU says that national cooperative laws seem simpler and more flexible. According to several stakeholders, the complexity of the Regulation (with its multiple references to national legislation) deters not only cooperatives but also other types of firm that might otherwise be interested in organising their activities through an SCE.

Specific issues and possible amendments : the following points stand out:

· the question of whether to allow the head office or main administration of an SCE to be located in a country other than that of its registered office does not seem to be of concern to the cooperative movement. There were no comments on this point from stakeholders. Cooperatives are enterprises with strong links to local communities and need to maintain a strong relationship with the territories in which they operate, just as traditional capital companies do;

· the question of whether to allow the articles of association of an SCE to deviate from local laws on cooperatives is an issue that preoccupies all stakeholders . Opinion is divided on whether SCEs should be given more autonomy from national laws. The majority of respondents believe that the SCE Regulation should give cooperative members the flexibility to choose the governance model and structure that will best serve their objectives and needs. However, a number expressed serious reservations, saying that this autonomy may allow an SCE to deviate from the principles and values of the cooperative business model. Respondents also said that SCEs should not be exempt from mandatory rules on the protection of minority members' or employees’ rights;

· the questions on the division of an SCE into two or more national cooperatives and on remedies if a merger is cancelled do not seem to concern cooperatives, at least until now. As of December 2011, no SCE appears to have been created by merger.

The Commission intends to consult stakeholders in 2012 on whether and how to simplify the SCE Regulation and will ask:

· whether individual articles should be simplified by deleting and replacing the references to public company law;

· whether the SCE Regulation can be made more independent of national laws.

In a broader context, the question of the European legal forms, such as the SE or the SCE, and the need for their review also forms part of the ongoing reflection on the future of EU Company Law. The results of this reflection will help the Commission’s assessment on the necessity and, if appropriate, on the instruments to be used in order to meet the demand of business in Europe for a more level playing field, better regulation and simplification.

2003/08/18
   Final act published in Official Journal
2003/07/22
   EP/CSL - Act adopted by Council after consultation of Parliament
2003/07/22
   EP - End of procedure in Parliament
2003/07/22
   CSL - Council Meeting
2003/06/02
   CSL - Council Meeting
2003/05/14
   EP - Text adopted by Parliament after reconsultation
2003/05/14
   EP - Decision by Parliament
Documents
2003/05/13
   EP - Debate in Parliament
2003/04/23
   EP - Committee final report tabled for plenary, reconsultation
Documents
2003/04/23
   EP - Vote in committee
2003/04/22
   EP - Committee report tabled for plenary, reconsultation
Documents
2002/10/11
   EP/CSL - Formal reconsultation of Parliament
2002/07/12
   CSL - Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation
Documents
2002/07/11
   EC - Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation published
Documents
2002/06/03
   CSL - Council Meeting
2002/05/21
   CSL - Council Meeting
2002/03/01
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
2002/03/01
   CSL - Council Meeting
1998/06/04
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1998/06/04
   CSL - Council Meeting
1998/04/07
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1998/04/07
   CSL - Council Meeting
1998/03/30
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1998/03/30
   CSL - Council Meeting
1997/12/16
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1997/12/16
   CSL - Council Meeting
1997/11/27
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1997/11/27
   CSL - Council Meeting
1997/05/21
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1997/05/21
   CSL - Council Meeting
1997/04/17
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1997/04/17
   CSL - Council Meeting
1995/12/05
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1995/12/05
   CSL - Council Meeting
1994/06/16
   CSL - Debate in Council
Documents
1994/06/16
   CSL - Council Meeting
1993/12/02
   EP - Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading
1993/12/02
   EP - Decision by Parliament
Documents
1993/11/23
   EP - Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading
1993/11/23
   EP - Vote in committee
1993/11/22
   EP - Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position
Documents
1993/11/10
   EC - Reconsultation
1993/07/06
   EC - Modified legislative proposal
1993/07/05
   EC - Modified legislative proposal published
1993/01/20
   EP - Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
1993/01/20
   EP - Decision by Parliament
Documents
1993/01/19
   EP - Debate in Parliament
1992/12/03
   EP - Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading
1992/12/03
   EP - Vote in committee
1992/12/02
   EP - Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading
Documents
1992/05/26
   ESC - Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report
1992/04/10
   EP - Committee referral announced in Parliament
1992/03/05
   EC - Legislative proposal
1992/03/04
   EC - Legislative proposal published

Documents

  • Follow-up document: COM(2012)0072
  • Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
  • Final act published in Official Journal: Regulation 2003/1435
  • Final act published in Official Journal: OJ L 207 18.08.2003, p. 0001-0024
  • Text adopted by Parliament after reconsultation: T5-0209/2003
  • Text adopted by Parliament after reconsultation: OJ C 067 17.03.2004, p. 0136-0175 E
  • Decision by Parliament: T5-0209/2003
  • Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
  • Committee final report tabled for plenary, reconsultation: A5-0146/2003
  • Committee report tabled for plenary, reconsultation: A5-0146/2003
  • Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation: 09923/2002
  • Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation published: 09923/2002
  • Debate in Council: 2412
  • Debate in Council: 2102
  • Debate in Council: 2087
  • Debate in Council: 2079
  • Debate in Council: 2060
  • Debate in Council: 2051
  • Debate in Council: 2007
  • Debate in Council: 1999
  • Debate in Council: 1892
  • Debate in Council: 1769
  • Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0015-0030
  • Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading: T3-0681/1993
  • Decision by Parliament: T3-0681/1993
  • Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0002
  • Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: A3-0364/1993
  • Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position: A3-0364/1993
  • Reconsultation: EUR-Lex
  • Reconsultation: COM(1993)0570
  • Modified legislative proposal: EUR-Lex
  • Modified legislative proposal: COM(1993)0252
  • Modified legislative proposal published: EUR-Lex
  • Modified legislative proposal published: COM(1993)0252
  • Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 042 15.02.1993, p. 0075-0103
  • Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading: T3-0014/1993
  • Decision by Parliament: T3-0014/1993
  • Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
  • Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 042 15.02.1993, p. 0003
  • Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: A3-0001/1993
  • Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: A3-0001/1993
  • Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report: CES0640/1992
  • Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report: OJ C 223 31.08.1992, p. 0042
  • Legislative proposal: EUR-Lex
  • Legislative proposal: COM(1991)0273
  • Legislative proposal published: EUR-Lex
  • Legislative proposal published: COM(1991)0273
  • Legislative proposal: EUR-Lex COM(1991)0273
  • Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report: CES0640/1992 OJ C 223 31.08.1992, p. 0042
  • Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 042 15.02.1993, p. 0003 A3-0001/1993
  • Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 042 15.02.1993, p. 0075-0103 T3-0014/1993
  • Modified legislative proposal: EUR-Lex COM(1993)0252
  • Reconsultation: EUR-Lex COM(1993)0570
  • Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0002 A3-0364/1993
  • Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0015-0030 T3-0681/1993
  • Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation: 09923/2002
  • Committee final report tabled for plenary, reconsultation: A5-0146/2003
  • Text adopted by Parliament after reconsultation: T5-0209/2003 OJ C 067 17.03.2004, p. 0136-0175 E
  • Follow-up document: COM(2012)0072 EUR-Lex

History

(these mark the time of scraping, not the official date of the change)

docs/0
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1992-05-26T00:00:00
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Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report
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  • See also 2020/0073(APP)
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activities
  • date: 1992-03-05T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=1991&nu_doc=273 title: COM(1991)0273 type: Legislative proposal published celexid: CELEX:51991PC0273(02):EN body: EC commission: type: Legislative proposal published
  • date: 1992-04-10T00:00:00 body: EP type: Committee referral announced in Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
  • date: 1992-12-03T00:00:00 body: EP docs: type: Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading title: A3-0001/1993 type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading
  • date: 1993-01-19T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?secondRef=TOC&language=EN&reference=19930119&type=CRE type: Debate in Parliament title: Debate in Parliament body: EP type: Debate in Parliament
  • date: 1993-01-20T00:00:00 docs: type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading title: T3-0014/1993 body: EP type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
  • date: 1993-07-06T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=1993&nu_doc=252 title: COM(1993)0252 type: Modified legislative proposal published celexid: CELEX:51993PC0252(02):EN body: EC commission: type: Modified legislative proposal published
  • date: 1993-11-23T00:00:00 docs: type: Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position title: A3-0364/1993 body: unknown type: Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position
  • date: 1993-11-23T00:00:00 body: EP type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading
  • date: 1993-12-02T00:00:00 docs: type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading title: T3-0681/1993 body: EP type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
  • body: CSL meeting_id: 1769 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1769*&MEET_DATE=16/06/1994 type: Debate in Council title: 1769 council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) date: 1994-06-16T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
  • body: CSL meeting_id: 1892 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1892*&MEET_DATE=05/12/1995 type: Debate in Council title: 1892 council: Social Affairs date: 1995-12-05T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
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  • body: CSL meeting_id: 2007 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2007*&MEET_DATE=21/05/1997 type: Debate in Council title: 2007 council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) date: 1997-05-21T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
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  • body: CSL meeting_id: 2412 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2412*&MEET_DATE=01/03/2002 type: Debate in Council title: 2412 council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) date: 2002-03-01T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
  • date: 2002-05-21T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 2426
  • date: 2002-06-03T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs meeting_id: 2431
  • date: 2002-07-12T00:00:00 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=ADV&RESULTSET=1&DOC_ID=9923%2F02&DOC_LANCD=EN&ROWSPP=25&NRROWS=500&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC type: Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation published title: 09923/2002 body: EC commission: type: Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation published
  • date: 2002-10-11T00:00:00 body: EP/CSL type: Formal reconsultation of Parliament
  • date: 2003-04-23T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=REPORT&mode=XML&reference=A5-2003-146&language=EN type: Committee report tabled for plenary, reconsultation title: A5-0146/2003 body: unknown type: Committee report tabled for plenary, reconsultation
  • date: 2003-04-23T00:00:00 body: EP type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading
  • date: 2003-05-13T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?secondRef=TOC&language=EN&reference=20030513&type=CRE type: Debate in Parliament title: Debate in Parliament body: EP type: Debate in Parliament
  • date: 2003-05-14T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&language=EN&reference=P5-TA-2003-209 type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading title: T5-0209/2003 body: EP type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
  • date: 2003-06-02T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs meeting_id: 2512
  • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Agriculture and Fisheries meeting_id: 2524
  • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 body: EP type: End of procedure in Parliament
  • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 body: EP/CSL type: Act adopted by Council after consultation of Parliament
  • date: 2003-08-18T00:00:00 type: Final act published in Official Journal docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!CELEXnumdoc&lg=EN&numdoc=32003R1435 title: Regulation 2003/1435 url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:207:SOM:EN:HTML title: OJ L 207 18.08.2003, p. 0001-0024
committees
    council
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    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs meeting_id: 2512 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2512*&MEET_DATE=02/06/2003 date: 2003-06-02T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs meeting_id: 2431 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2431*&MEET_DATE=03/06/2002 date: 2002-06-03T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 2426 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2426*&MEET_DATE=21/05/2002 date: 2002-05-21T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 2412 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2412*&MEET_DATE=01/03/2002 date: 2002-03-01T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Social Affairs meeting_id: 2102 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2102*&MEET_DATE=04/06/1998 date: 1998-06-04T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Social Affairs meeting_id: 2087 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2087*&MEET_DATE=07/04/1998 date: 1998-04-07T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 2079 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2079*&MEET_DATE=30/03/1998 date: 1998-03-30T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Social Affairs meeting_id: 2060 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2060*&MEET_DATE=16/12/1997 date: 1997-12-16T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 2051 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2051*&MEET_DATE=27/11/1997 date: 1997-11-27T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 2007 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2007*&MEET_DATE=21/05/1997 date: 1997-05-21T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Social Affairs meeting_id: 1999 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1999*&MEET_DATE=17/04/1997 date: 1997-04-17T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Social Affairs meeting_id: 1892 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1892*&MEET_DATE=05/12/1995 date: 1995-12-05T00:00:00
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 1769 url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1769*&MEET_DATE=16/06/1994 date: 1994-06-16T00:00:00
    docs
    • date: 1992-05-26T00:00:00 docs: url: https://dm.eesc.europa.eu/EESCDocumentSearch/Pages/redresults.aspx?k=(documenttype:AC)(documentnumber:0640)(documentyear:1992)(documentlanguage:EN) title: CES0640/1992 url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:C:1992:223:TOC title: OJ C 223 31.08.1992, p. 0042 summary: type: Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report body: ESC
    • date: 1992-06-12T00:00:00 docs: title: PE201.009/A type: Committee draft report body: EP
    • date: 1992-09-10T00:00:00 docs: title: PE201.009/B type: Committee draft report body: EP
    • date: 1992-10-09T00:00:00 docs: title: PE201.987/DEF committee: ECON type: Committee opinion body: EP
    • date: 1992-10-13T00:00:00 docs: title: PE200.889/DEF committee: EMPL type: Committee opinion body: EP
    • date: 1992-12-03T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:C:1993:042:TOC title: OJ C 042 15.02.1993, p. 0003 title: A3-0001/1993 type: Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading body: EP
    • date: 1993-01-20T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:C:1993:042:TOC title: OJ C 042 15.02.1993, p. 0075-0103 title: T3-0014/1993 summary: type: Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading body: EP
    • date: 1993-11-10T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=1993&nu_doc=570 title: EUR-Lex title: COM(1993)0570 type: Reconsultation body: EC
    • date: 1993-11-23T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:C:1993:342:TOC title: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0002 title: A3-0364/1993 type: Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading body: EP
    • date: 1993-12-02T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:C:1993:342:SOM:EN:HTML title: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0015-0030 title: T3-0681/1993 summary: type: Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading body: EP
    • date: 1994-03-01T00:00:00 docs: title: PE207.257 type: Committee draft report body: EP
    • date: 2003-02-13T00:00:00 docs: title: PE327.247 type: Committee draft report body: EP
    • date: 2003-03-20T00:00:00 docs: title: PE316.415/DEF committee: EMPL type: Committee opinion body: EP
    • date: 2003-03-25T00:00:00 docs: title: PE323.132/DEF committee: ECON type: Committee opinion body: EP
    • date: 2003-04-23T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=REPORT&mode=XML&reference=A5-2003-146&language=EN title: A5-0146/2003 type: Committee final report tabled for plenary, reconsultation body: EP
    • date: 2003-05-14T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&language=EN&reference=P5-TA-2003-209 title: T5-0209/2003 title: OJ C 067 17.03.2004, p. 0136-0175 E summary: type: Text adopted by Parliament after reconsultation body: EP
    • date: 2012-02-23T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/registre/docs_autres_institutions/commission_europeenne/com/2012/0072/COM_COM(2012)0072_EN.pdf title: COM(2012)0072 url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=2012&nu_doc=72 title: EUR-Lex summary: The Commission presents a report on the application of Council Regulation (EC) No 1435/2003 on the Statute for a European Cooperative Society (SCE Regulation). The SCE Regulation is complemented by Council Directive 2003/72/EC on the involvement of employees in the SCE (‘SCE Directive’). The deadline for adapting national legislation to the Regulation and Directive on the SCE was set for 18 August 2006. Application : in November 2011, 24 SCEs were registered in the 30 EU/EEA Member States, as follows: five in Italy; seven in Slovakia; one each in France, Liechtenstein, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden; three in Hungary, two in Germany and two in Belgium. The SCE Regulation was due to enter into force in 2006. However, a large majority of Member States failed to meet this deadline. As of December 2011, three Member States had not yet taken the necessary steps to ensure the effective application of the Regulation. General trend : according to the professional organisations, there is no general trend applying to all cooperatives. When deciding whether to create a national cooperative or an SCE, or when assessing the best country in which to register an SCE, one of the most important issues to consider is taxation. The SCE Statute however, does not regulate taxation, since this is governed by the laws of the country where the SCE is based. Thus, the taxation of cooperatives’ revenues and corporate tax, taxation of profits or surpluses within the hands of the co-operators and taxation of indivisible reserves still differs from one country to another. After taxation, the other issues to consider - in descending order of importance - are national labour law requirements, and the complexity and relative strictness of the national legislation on cooperatives. When deciding where to register a cooperative, business people will also prefer a country with good communication networks and a business-friendly administrative environment. A consultation with stakeholders has revealed several problems in applying the SCE Regulation. These apply to both setting up and running an SCE. The most significant problem for setting up SCEs is lack of awareness about the SCE among the business community . The most important negative drivers are set-up costs, the complex procedures to be followed (because of the numerous references to national law) and legal uncertainty as to which law applies in each case. A number of stakeholders also see the minimum capital requirement of EUR 30000 as an obstacle, at least for natural persons wishing to set up small SCEs in order to cooperate across borders. However, the alternative view is that having sufficient capital shows that a business is serious. Some respondents consider the rules on employee involvement as a negative driver as, in their view, they are cumbersome and complex. These rules are also considered disproportionate where only few employees are concerned. However, workers' organisations and other respondents do not point to problems in this area. Reasons for the relative lack of success of the SCE Statute: it is argued that the SCE statute has been relatively unsuccessful not only because it is complex but also mainly because firms that choose to operate as a cooperative tend to be well anchored in their local territory. After all, the purpose of a cooperative is to serve the members who participate directly in the democratic management of the firm. The overwhelming majority of cooperatives are small businesses operating within national borders. A number of stakeholders’ organisations therefore doubt whether the SCE statute offers any advantage . In addition, people setting up cooperatives tend to rely on their own national laws, which they know better. Simplification: all stakeholders tend to believe that the complexity of the instrument is a major obstacle to the success of the SCE. The European organisation representing all national and sectoral federations of cooperatives in the EU says that national cooperative laws seem simpler and more flexible. According to several stakeholders, the complexity of the Regulation (with its multiple references to national legislation) deters not only cooperatives but also other types of firm that might otherwise be interested in organising their activities through an SCE. Specific issues and possible amendments : the following points stand out: · the question of whether to allow the head office or main administration of an SCE to be located in a country other than that of its registered office does not seem to be of concern to the cooperative movement. There were no comments on this point from stakeholders. Cooperatives are enterprises with strong links to local communities and need to maintain a strong relationship with the territories in which they operate, just as traditional capital companies do; · the question of whether to allow the articles of association of an SCE to deviate from local laws on cooperatives is an issue that preoccupies all stakeholders . Opinion is divided on whether SCEs should be given more autonomy from national laws. The majority of respondents believe that the SCE Regulation should give cooperative members the flexibility to choose the governance model and structure that will best serve their objectives and needs. However, a number expressed serious reservations, saying that this autonomy may allow an SCE to deviate from the principles and values of the cooperative business model. Respondents also said that SCEs should not be exempt from mandatory rules on the protection of minority members' or employees’ rights; · the questions on the division of an SCE into two or more national cooperatives and on remedies if a merger is cancelled do not seem to concern cooperatives, at least until now. As of December 2011, no SCE appears to have been created by merger. The Commission intends to consult stakeholders in 2012 on whether and how to simplify the SCE Regulation and will ask: · whether individual articles should be simplified by deleting and replacing the references to public company law; · whether the SCE Regulation can be made more independent of national laws. In a broader context, the question of the European legal forms, such as the SE or the SCE, and the need for their review also forms part of the ongoing reflection on the future of EU Company Law. The results of this reflection will help the Commission’s assessment on the necessity and, if appropriate, on the instruments to be used in order to meet the demand of business in Europe for a more level playing field, better regulation and simplification. type: Follow-up document body: EC
    events
    • date: 1992-03-05T00:00:00 type: Legislative proposal published body: EC docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=1991&nu_doc=273 title: EUR-Lex title: COM(1991)0273 summary:
    • date: 1992-04-10T00:00:00 type: Committee referral announced in Parliament, 1st reading/single reading body: EP
    • date: 1992-12-03T00:00:00 type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading body: EP summary:
    • date: 1992-12-03T00:00:00 type: Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading body: EP docs: title: A3-0001/1993
    • date: 1993-01-19T00:00:00 type: Debate in Parliament body: EP docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?secondRef=TOC&language=EN&reference=19930119&type=CRE title: Debate in Parliament
    • date: 1993-01-20T00:00:00 type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading body: EP docs: title: T3-0014/1993 summary:
    • date: 1993-07-06T00:00:00 type: Modified legislative proposal published body: EC docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=1993&nu_doc=252 title: EUR-Lex title: COM(1993)0252 summary:
    • date: 1993-11-23T00:00:00 type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading body: EP
    • date: 1993-11-23T00:00:00 type: Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position body: EP docs: title: A3-0364/1993
    • date: 1993-12-02T00:00:00 type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading body: EP docs: title: T3-0681/1993 summary:
    • date: 1994-06-16T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1769*&MEET_DATE=16/06/1994 title: 1769 summary:
    • date: 1995-12-05T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1892*&MEET_DATE=05/12/1995 title: 1892
    • date: 1997-04-17T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1999*&MEET_DATE=17/04/1997 title: 1999
    • date: 1997-05-21T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2007*&MEET_DATE=21/05/1997 title: 2007
    • date: 1997-11-27T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2051*&MEET_DATE=27/11/1997 title: 2051
    • date: 1997-12-16T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2060*&MEET_DATE=16/12/1997 title: 2060
    • date: 1998-03-30T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2079*&MEET_DATE=30/03/1998 title: 2079
    • date: 1998-04-07T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2087*&MEET_DATE=07/04/1998 title: 2087
    • date: 1998-06-04T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2102*&MEET_DATE=04/06/1998 title: 2102
    • date: 2002-03-01T00:00:00 type: Debate in Council body: CSL docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2412*&MEET_DATE=01/03/2002 title: 2412
    • date: 2002-07-12T00:00:00 type: Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation published body: EC docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=ADV&RESULTSET=1&DOC_ID=9923%2F02&DOC_LANCD=EN&ROWSPP=25&NRROWS=500&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC title: 09923/2002 summary:
    • date: 2002-10-11T00:00:00 type: Formal reconsultation of Parliament body: EP/CSL
    • date: 2003-04-23T00:00:00 type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading body: EP summary:
    • date: 2003-04-23T00:00:00 type: Committee report tabled for plenary, reconsultation body: EP docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=REPORT&mode=XML&reference=A5-2003-146&language=EN title: A5-0146/2003
    • date: 2003-05-13T00:00:00 type: Debate in Parliament body: EP docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?secondRef=TOC&language=EN&reference=20030513&type=CRE title: Debate in Parliament
    • date: 2003-05-14T00:00:00 type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading body: EP docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&language=EN&reference=P5-TA-2003-209 title: T5-0209/2003 summary:
    • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 type: Act adopted by Council after consultation of Parliament body: EP/CSL
    • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 type: End of procedure in Parliament body: EP
    • date: 2003-08-18T00:00:00 type: Final act published in Official Journal docs: title: Regulation 2003/1435 url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!CELEXnumdoc&lg=EN&numdoc=32003R1435 title: OJ L 207 18.08.2003, p. 0001-0024 url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:207:SOM:EN:HTML
    other
    • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Former Council configuration
    procedure/legal_basis/2
    EC before Amsterdam E 100A
    procedure/legal_basis/2
    EC before Amsterdam E 100
    procedure/subject
    Old
    • 3.45.07 Social economy, mutual societies, cooperatives, associations
    New
    3.45.07
    Social economy, mutual societies, cooperatives, associations
    links/European Commission/title
    Old
    PreLex
    New
    EUR-Lex
    activities
    • date: 1992-03-05T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=1991&nu_doc=273 celexid: CELEX:51991PC0273(02):EN type: Legislative proposal published title: COM(1991)0273 type: Legislative proposal published body: EC commission:
    • date: 1992-04-10T00:00:00 body: EP type: Committee referral announced in Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
    • date: 1992-12-03T00:00:00 type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading body: EP docs: type: Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading title: A3-0001/1993
    • date: 1993-01-19T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?secondRef=TOC&language=EN&reference=19930119&type=CRE type: Debate in Parliament title: Debate in Parliament body: EP type: Debate in Parliament
    • date: 1993-01-20T00:00:00 docs: type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading title: T3-0014/1993 body: EP type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
    • date: 1993-07-06T00:00:00 docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!DocNumber&lg=EN&type_doc=COMfinal&an_doc=1993&nu_doc=252 celexid: CELEX:51993PC0252(02):EN type: Modified legislative proposal published title: COM(1993)0252 type: Modified legislative proposal published body: EC commission:
    • date: 1993-11-23T00:00:00 docs: type: Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position title: A3-0364/1993 body: unknown type: Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position
    • date: 1993-11-23T00:00:00 body: EP type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading
    • date: 1993-12-02T00:00:00 docs: type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading title: T3-0681/1993 body: EP type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
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    • body: CSL meeting_id: 1892 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=1892*&MEET_DATE=05/12/1995 type: Debate in Council title: 1892 council: Social Affairs date: 1995-12-05T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
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    • body: CSL meeting_id: 2060 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2060*&MEET_DATE=16/12/1997 type: Debate in Council title: 2060 council: Social Affairs date: 1997-12-16T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
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    • body: CSL meeting_id: 2087 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2087*&MEET_DATE=07/04/1998 type: Debate in Council title: 2087 council: Social Affairs date: 1998-04-07T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
    • body: CSL meeting_id: 2102 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2102*&MEET_DATE=04/06/1998 type: Debate in Council title: 2102 council: Social Affairs date: 1998-06-04T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
    • body: CSL meeting_id: 2412 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=SMPL&ROWSPP=25&RESULTSET=1&NRROWS=500&DOC_LANCD=EN&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC&CONTENTS=2412*&MEET_DATE=01/03/2002 type: Debate in Council title: 2412 council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) date: 2002-03-01T00:00:00 type: Council Meeting
    • date: 2002-05-21T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Competitiveness (Internal Market, Industry, Research and Space) meeting_id: 2426
    • date: 2002-06-03T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs meeting_id: 2431
    • date: 2002-07-12T00:00:00 docs: url: http://register.consilium.europa.eu/content/out?lang=EN&typ=SET&i=ADV&RESULTSET=1&DOC_ID=9923%2F02&DOC_LANCD=EN&ROWSPP=25&NRROWS=500&ORDERBY=DOC_DATE+DESC type: Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation published title: 09923/2002 type: Amended legislative proposal for reconsultation published body: EC commission:
    • date: 2002-10-11T00:00:00 body: EP/CSL type: Formal reconsultation of Parliament
    • date: 2003-04-23T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=REPORT&mode=XML&reference=A5-2003-146&language=EN type: Committee report tabled for plenary, reconsultation title: A5-0146/2003 body: unknown type: Committee report tabled for plenary, reconsultation
    • date: 2003-04-23T00:00:00 body: EP type: Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading
    • date: 2003-05-13T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?secondRef=TOC&language=EN&reference=20030513&type=CRE type: Debate in Parliament title: Debate in Parliament body: EP type: Debate in Parliament
    • date: 2003-05-14T00:00:00 docs: url: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?type=TA&language=EN&reference=P5-TA-2003-209 type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading title: T5-0209/2003 body: EP type: Decision by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
    • date: 2003-06-02T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs meeting_id: 2512
    • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Agriculture and Fisheries meeting_id: 2524
    • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 body: EP type: End of procedure in Parliament
    • date: 2003-07-22T00:00:00 body: EP/CSL type: Act adopted by Council after consultation of Parliament
    • date: 2003-08-18T00:00:00 type: Final act published in Official Journal docs: url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/smartapi/cgi/sga_doc?smartapi!celexplus!prod!CELEXnumdoc&lg=EN&numdoc=32003R1435 title: Regulation 2003/1435 url: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/JOHtml.do?uri=OJ:L:2003:207:SOM:EN:HTML title: OJ L 207 18.08.2003, p. 0001-0024
    committees
      links
      European Commission
      other
      • body: CSL type: Council Meeting council: Former Council configuration
      procedure
      reference
      1991/0388(CNS)
      subtype
      Legislation
      legal_basis
      stage_reached
      Procedure completed
      instrument
      Regulation
      title
      Statute for a European cooperative society
      type
      CNS - Consultation procedure
      final
      subject
      3.45.07 Social economy, mutual societies, cooperatives, associations