54 Amendments of Artis PABRIKS related to 2018/2044(INI)
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas the national security and intelligence agencies of EU Member States and of some third countries cooperate very effectively through the Counter Terrorism Group (CTG) and on a bilateral and multilateral basis; whereas the EU has an established complex of structures dealing wholly or in part with terrorism, notably through Europol’s European Counter Terrorism Centre (ECTC), EU INTCEN and facilitated by the European Counter- Terrorism Coordinator;
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)
Recital F a (new)
F a. whereas on 6 July 2017 the Parliament set up a temporary Special Committee on Terrorism (TERR) with the aim of providing Parliament’s view as to the practical and legislative gaps in the current counter-terrorism regime that have allowed the recent terrorist attacks in the EU to occur and making recommendations that would help tackle the terrorist threat at EU level;
Amendment 56 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital F b (new)
Recital F b (new)
F b. whereas, in order to allow the Parliament to dedicate sufficient attention and the specific efforts necessary for contributing effectively and responding to the challenges posed by terrorism, a standing parliamentary committee responsible for internal security and terrorism should be set up within the Parliament; whereas the setting up of such a standing parliamentary committee will signal the Parliament’s engagement and understanding of the importance of the issues of internal security, international organised crime and terrorism, which are at the forefront of EU citizens’ concerns; whereas it will also reflect the significance of this issue for the Parliament and will mirror the institutional setup in other EU institutions and bodies, such as the creation of a Security Union Task Force and the appointment of a Commissioner for the Security Union within the Commission, the creation of a European Counter Terrorism Centre (ECTC) within Europol, as well as the existence of a Working Party on Terrorism within the Council;
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital J
Recital J
J. whereas in recent years the EU Member States have suffered major terrorist attacks, perpetrated or inspired by jihadist groups such as Daesh or, Al-Qaeda and Hezbollah; whereas far right, far left and ethno- nationalist separatist extremism and state-sponsored terrorism are also matters of concern;
Amendment 107 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital M
Recital M
M. whereas Daesh and Al-Qaeda are financially self-reliant and whereas illicit trade in goods, firearms, oil, drugs, cigarettes and cultural objects, among other items, as well as trafficking in human beings, slavery, child exploitation, racketeering and extortion, have become means for terrorist groups to obtain funding; whereas the link between organised crime and terrorist groups constitutes a growing security threat; whereas these sources could enable the continued funding of future criminal activities by Al-Qaeda, as well as by Daesh following its territorial collapse in Syria and Iraq; whereas Hezbollah receives substantial funding from its patron, the Islamic Republic of Iran, and funds itself through donations, including from its supporters in Europe, as well as drug trafficking and other illicit activities;
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital O
Recital O
O. whereas the return of foreign terrorist fighters (FTFs) and their families poses particular challenges in terms of security and radicalisation; whereas child returnees pose specific problems as they can be both victims and potential perpetrators, possibly disguised for years or decades, at the same time;
Amendment 160 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital S a (new)
Recital S a (new)
S a. whereas there is a danger that terrorists abuse and exploit the freedom and rule of law offered by the EU liberal democracies as a hideaway from the autocratic regimes in their home countries where terrorist activity might lead to capital punishment;
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital S b (new)
Recital S b (new)
S b. whereas there are documented cases1a where victims of severe crimes perpetrated by Daesh terrorists on Syrian or Iraqi territory have – while considering themselves safe – met again their tormentors on EU soil where both have asked for protection; __________________ 1a https://www.dw.com/de/jesidin-trifft-in- deutschland-auf-is-peiniger/a-45119776
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital T
Recital T
T. whereas new forms of terrorism may be used for an attack, among them cyber-terrorism and the use of weapons of mass destruction, possibly in connection with new technical equipment such as drones; whereas there is the precedent of a foiled attack involving the highly toxic biological agent ricin; whereas there are cases where Daesh has used or planned to use chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) materials, and shared via social media channels possible tactics and methods for attacks and targets;
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital T a (new)
Recital T a (new)
T a. whereas multiple cases of trafficking of radiological or nuclear material are annually reported to the Incident and Trafficking database of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), emphasising the latent risk emanating from such substances, particularly with regard to the severity of their potential consequences;
Amendment 203 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital Z a (new)
Recital Z a (new)
Z a. whereas all immigrants should have the same obligation as all citizens and residents in any EU Member State to accept and live in line with European fundamental rights completely as well as the European “Leitkultur” (way of life); whereas the signing of a written commitment would raise awareness of the importance of active efforts to integrate by everyone who wants to live among us in the EU; whereas a newly developed “European Rights & Values Commitment” should also state that in case of non-respect for our fundamental rights including the violation of our laws return/repatriation is the last but logical consequence which will be done in respect of international law and the principle of non-refoulement;
Amendment 230 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AD
Recital AD
AD. whereas throughout Europe significant numbers of cases of radical hate preachers have been documented; whereas the hate preachers often originate from outside the EU, while mosques receive opaque funding from third countries, many of whom are authoritarian and clerical regimes that do not align with the EU’s fundamental values;
Amendment 265 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AI
Recital AI
AI. whereas although major progress has been made with regard to removal of online terrorist content, there is a need to scale up the companies’ engagement; whereas the removals are often not complete nor timely or permanent, removing the content from one website but leaving it on another belonging to the same company; whereas effective and comprehensive or allowing the account to remain live and/or reappear after it has posted content in violation of a company’s terms of service; whereas effective, comprehensive and transparent reporting by companies has to be improved;
Amendment 277 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AJ
Recital AJ
AJ. whereas, in response to larger companies removing more content and doing so at a greater pace, Daesh is increasingly using new and/or smaller platforms which are less suited to fast removal of terrorist material; whereas this diversification to smaller platforms makes additional technical support essential to enable, for example, the introduction of platform-agnostic automated tools, such as the database of hasheshashing technology, which can identify online terrorist content with a high degree of accuracy as well as promulgating EU- wide standards for terms of service to be adopted across companies and by which EU Member States can judge a company’s performance in enforcing such standards;
Amendment 307 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AL
Recital AL
AL. whereas retention of data is an essential part of the investigative process; whereas police and, judicial authorities and intelligence services usually rely heavily on communications data to successfully proceed with their casework; whereas in order for interoperability of information systems to reach its full potential, harmonised data retention regimes across the EU are vital; whereas the necessity of an appropriate data retention regime when it comes to the fight against terrorism was consistently raised during the work of the TERR Committee;
Amendment 309 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AL a (new)
Recital AL a (new)
AL a. whereas in the absence of any data retention rules the main negative result will be the unavailability of necessary data, because it might not be stored by communication service providers, particularly if the service providers do not require such data for operational and commercial reasons, and/or disclosed to law enforcement authorities upon lawful request; whereas, if data is not available to the authorised bodies and judges at Member State level due to lack of data retention obligations, executing MLA requests as well as multilateral exchange at EU level will also be impossible and cross-border law-enforcement and judicial cooperation as a whole has been and will be adversely affected;
Amendment 316 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital AM
Recital AM
AM. whereas the use of encryption by terrorists to protect their communications or stored data represents a considerable challenge for law enforcement and intelligence services, denying access to essential intelligence and evidence; whereas encryption becomes particularly critical when even the responsible online service providers are unwilling or unable to decrypt the communication;
Amendment 381 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital BB a (new)
Recital BB a (new)
BB a. whereas intelligence information should be given a special, even higher level of protection over police information because of the different working methods, such as the gathering of confidential information from sources and informants who must be kept anonymous, as well as the different objectives that require more sensitivity;
Amendment 392 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital BD
Recital BD
BD. whereas efficient and systematic cooperation between the Member States and the EU agencies as well as among the agencies in the counter-terrorism field is imperative, especially cooperation between Europol and Eurojust in order to effectively detect, prevent, and investigate and prosecute the perpetrators of a terrorist attack; whereas Eurojust has appointed a specialised counter-terrorism prosecutor to make the bridge with the ECTC at Europol to increase cooperation and information exchange between the two agencies;
Amendment 400 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital BG
Recital BG
BG. whereas several EU instruments such as Decision 2005/671/JHA, the CT Directive and the Europol regulation require Member States to share information on terrorism with the relevant agencies; whereas increased information sharing with Europol and Eurojust on a regular basis and in a timely and systematic manner, including contextual information, facilitates their work in detecting links between cases and providing an overview of challenges and best practice related to investigations, prosecutions and convictions for terrorist offences; whereas information shared with Eurojust has increased over the past years, but differences continue to exist between the Member States in relation to the amount, type and scope of the information shared, which may result in fragmented information available1a; __________________ 1a While only 14 terrorism cases were referred to Eurojust in 2014, the number of cases dealt by Eurojust from 2014-2018 reached 263 with a total of 61 coordination meetings in 75 terrorism cases, 2 coordination centres and 14 cases with JITs supported by Eurojust
Amendment 403 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital BG a (new)
Recital BG a (new)
BG a. whereas the European Public Prosecutor’s Office, to be established on the basis of Council Regulation (EU) 2017/1339, shall have the important task of investigating and prosecuting criminal offences affecting the financial interests of the Union, its establishment and the allocation of financial resources to this new body should not negatively impact the abilities of existing structures, such as Eurojust, to facilitate the efforts of the Member States in the fight against terrorism;
Amendment 410 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital BJ
Recital BJ
BJ. whereas joint investigation teams (JITs) facilitate the coordination of investigations and prosecutions in cases with a cross-border dimension and allow for real-time exchange of information/evidence; whereas the practical benefits resulting from the use of JITs include improved information exchange, exchange of best practices, enhanced collection of evidence and mutual recognition of the actions carried out by the parties; whereas JITs require appropriate funding to work effectively;
Amendment 415 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital BK
Recital BK
BK. whereas close cooperation withby online service providers (OSPs) is necessary when it comes to securing and obtaining electronic evidence, given its importance for investigating terrorist offences;
Amendment 499 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital CB
Recital CB
CB. whereas the Commission Comprehensive Assessment of EU Security Policy and the evaluation study of Directive 2008/114/EC indicate that: the threat to critical infrastructures is likely to continue to rise, that there is a need to enhance preparation and response capabilities and to revise Directive 2008/114/EC, and that there is an interest in targeting transport infrastructures; whereas a better framework is needed to improve rail security and to address the issue of protection of public areas of transport infrastructures, such as airports and, ports and maritime transport, as well as railway stations;
Amendment 564 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital CY
Recital CY
CY. whereas there is an EU sanction system in the area of CT with three types of measures, which is implemented by the EEAS; whereas this system is incomplete and underused owing to procedural constraints and reluctance on the part of the Member States;
Amendment 599 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital DF
Recital DF
DF. whereas the Union is founded on the values of human dignity, freedom, equality and solidarity, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, as well as on the principles of democracy and the rule of law; whereas acts of terrorism constitute the most serious violation of these universal values and principles; whereas there are religious practices throughout the EU that fundamentally oppose EU values;
Amendment 640 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2
Paragraph 2
2. Believes that, at this stage, the EU and the Member States should improve cooperation through existing European agencies, specialised EU services and Member States’ security and justice institutions;
Amendment 654 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 a (new)
Paragraph 3 a (new)
3 a. Calls for the setting up within the European Parliament of a standing parliamentary committee responsible for matters relating to internal security and terrorism and dealing with particularly sensitive information;
Amendment 664 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 a (new)
Paragraph 4 a (new)
4 a. Calls on Member States and the Commission to further strengthen and support the ATLAS network of civilian anti-terror special operation units of the EU Member States;
Amendment 679 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6
Paragraph 6
6. Calls on the Member States to monitor all foreign terrorist fighters; calls for an effective and appropriate follow-up of the threat posed by returnees, and for this purpose invites Member States to share contextual information about returnees via Europol and intelligence assessments on that topic with EU INTCEN; calls on the Commission to assist Member States in the establishment of aligned classification systems in order to distinguish between high, medium and low-risk returnees;
Amendment 691 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 a (new)
Paragraph 7 a (new)
7 a. recommends to Member States to clarify the asylum status or entitlement to subsidiary protection already outside the EU borders in well-equipped EU- controlled reception centres in order to minimize the risk of persons who pose a threat to public security entering European soil; if the establishment of reception centres is not possible outside the EU, they shall be build close to EU external borders on European soil;
Amendment 702 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8 a (new)
Paragraph 8 a (new)
8 a. Calls on Member States and the Commission to establish regional – if applicable cross-border – stockpiling centres to ensure comprehensive availability of medical countermeasures including vaccines following the dual-use principle, and to use the Joint Procurement Mechanism to avoid parallel uncoordinated efforts;
Amendment 703 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8 b (new)
Paragraph 8 b (new)
8 b. Calls on Member States to create or strengthen specialised laboratories; asks the Commission and Parliament to fund and support relevant cross-border research activities;
Amendment 706 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 a (new)
Paragraph 9 a (new)
9 a. Urges the Commission and the Member States to set common standards for vetting procedures at vulnerable institutions such as nuclear power plants or specialised laboratories;
Amendment 708 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 b (new)
Paragraph 9 b (new)
9 b. Encourages Member States to make more use of technical detection systems of CBRN substances particularly at large-scale public events and calls on the Commission and the European Parliament to make further European funding available for comprehensive acquisitions of such systems;
Amendment 709 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 c (new)
Paragraph 9 c (new)
9 c. Welcomes the approval of a regulation on civil aviation safety and the mandate of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and repealing Regulation (EC) No 216/2008; calls on the Commission to take into account security aspects for forthcoming delegated and implementing rules on drones and drones operations, including regularly updated risk assessments; mandatory registration, electronic identification and geofencing in all drones categories; and mandatory security licenses and trainings for operators of security and inspection missions;
Amendment 711 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 d (new)
Paragraph 9 d (new)
9 d. Notes the increased cyber threat and underlines the importance to step up cyber security efforts also in the CT field;
Amendment 769 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 a (new)
Paragraph 14 a (new)
14 a. Calls for compulsory integration agreements for migrants to testify their active efforts to integrate by officially signing a newly developed „European Rights & Values Commitment“ to accept and live in line with European fundamental rights completely as well as to European “Leitkultur” (way of life); emphasises that in case of non-respect for our fundamental rights including the violation of our laws return/repatriation is the last but logical consequence which will be done in respect of international law and the principle of non-refoulement;
Amendment 779 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15
Paragraph 15
15. Urges the Member States to encourage and tolerate only ‘practices of Islam’ that are in full accordance with EU values; calls upon the Member States to make transparent the foreign funding of mosques and schools and to ban funding from third countries that oppose the EU’s fundamental values of democracy, pluralism, tolerance, and equality between men and women; welcomes the initiatives by moderate Muslim religious communities throughout Europe to counter the dangerous narratives from within their communities
Amendment 805 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17
Paragraph 17
17. Calls on the Member States to increase the offer of higher education opportunities for chaplains in the EU under transparent scrutiny, with only accrediting theological education programmes integrating EU valuesprofessorships whose incumbents fully respect EU values such as religious freedom, gender equality and the rule of secular law and revoking teaching permissions in case of misdemeanour; invites the Commission and the Member States to develop and fund a network of European religious scholars that can spread - and testify to - practices of Islam that are compliant withpromote EU values;
Amendment 821 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18
Paragraph 18
18. Suggests the creation of a European Islamic Institute and Research Centre where scholars could conduct research on compatibilities between elements of practice of the Muslim religion and European values, andthat clearly respects the European Charter of Fundamental Rights and the legal framework of the Union, which could be called on to constitute a trusted advisory board for EU institutions and Member States;
Amendment 840 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21
Paragraph 21
21. Invites the Member States to examine how to ensure that places of worship, education, charities, cultural associations and similar entities provide details regarding the provenance of their funds and their distribution, both within and outside the EU, and how data concerning these entities, where there exists suspicion or reasonable grounds to suspect links with terrorist groups, could be recorded in a centralised database, set up with all the appropriate guarantees; calls on Member States to ban funding from third countries that oppose the EU’s fundamental values of democracy, pluralism, tolerance, and equality between men and women;
Amendment 866 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24
Paragraph 24
24. Highlights that Member States have to ensure that all educational institutions provide education in accordance with the European Convention on Human Rights, through checks on curricula, regular inspections and sanctions for non- compliance and that religious zealots must not get access to schools;
Amendment 892 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26
Paragraph 26
26. Underlines the need to achieve automatic, fast and full removal of terrorist content; requests the Commission to present a legislative proposal obliging companies to remove terrorist content fully within one hour and to introduce clear reporting and case-by-case preserving obligations on the incidence of terrorist content and removal rates, as well as sanctions for non-compliance;
Amendment 909 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27
Paragraph 27
27. Calls for the creation of an online European platform that citizens can use in order to flag terrorist and extremist content online; and asks companies to increase their capabilities to receive, review, and respond to flagged content;
Amendment 921 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28
Paragraph 28
28. Calls for involvement of social media and audiovisual companies, including public broadcasters, in developing and disseminating effective counter-narratives, also with the inclusion of victims and to ensure that search engines place counter-narratives prominently;
Amendment 988 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 34
Paragraph 34
34. Urges Member States to adopt the approach of ‘information sharing by default’ when it comes to sharing CT- related information with other Member States and relevant EU agencies and bodies, thus exchanging such information as a rule, and refraining from such exchange only in specific cases where circumstances require that it be withheld;
Amendment 1003 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 37
Paragraph 37
37. Regrets the current existence of 28 different legal regimes for data retention, which is counter-productive for cooperation and information exchange; urges the Commission to put forward a legislative proposal on data retention, in line with the requirements stemming from the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, while taking into account the neednotes the need to find a balance between security and data protection concerns in data retention legislation considering the imminent threat situation; urges the Commission to put forward a legislative proposal on data retention, taking into account the needs of the competent authorities and the specificities of the CT field as well as the jurisdiction of the CJEU by i.a. addressing new forms of communication such as over-the-top (OTT) messaging, establishing strong safeguards on the storing of data by the service providers as well as ofn the competent authorities and the specificities of the CT field; access side to data for criminal investigations, pseudonymisation opportunities, determining data categories that are particularly relevant for effectively combating terrorism and serious crime, providing for specifically trained and supervised staff dealing with data access or introducing periodic threat- assessments as a basis for retention periods;
Amendment 1196 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 72
Paragraph 72
72. Calls for the swift adoption before the end of the current Parliament of the Commission proposals for a regulation and directive aimed at improving cross-border access to electronic evidence; requests online service providers (OSPs) to provide single points of contact for law enforcement/judiciary requests;
Amendment 1198 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 72 a (new)
Paragraph 72 a (new)
72 a. Calls on the Member States to ensure that any legal or political evaluation, check, procedure or lawsuit provides intelligence information with a special degree of protection and to ensure that the protection of confidentiality and integrity of sources of intelligence and officials is maintained in order not to endanger the work and the security of sources, informants and employees of the intelligence services;
Amendment 1238 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 79 a (new)
Paragraph 79 a (new)
79 a. Calls on the Commission to swiftly ensure that EBCGA reaches a standing corps of around 10,000 border guards1a; __________________ 1a http://europa.eu/rapid/press- release_MEMO-18-3621_en.htm
Amendment 1257 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 85
Paragraph 85
85. Calls on the Member States, FrontexEBCGA and Europol to establish a European Targeting Centre within Frontex that constitutes a joint venture with the national authorities and Europol; believes this centre should assist with the advance identification of travellers who pose a threat to the security of the EU and should function as a ‘round-the-clock’ service for national border guards when there are doubts regarding certain individuals; recommends the use of sophisticated software to increase the effectiveness of targeting and cooperation with international partners in this area;
Amendment 1427 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 124
Paragraph 124
124. Calls for the simplification of the EU restrictive measures system, inter alia by revisiting 'partial' designations in order to make it an effective tool in the area of CT; notes that designations of groups or individuals in the restrictive measures system shall never be influenced by political considerations;
Amendment 1511 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 137 a (new)
Paragraph 137 a (new)
137 a. Calls on the Member States to strictly stop by all legal means available any religious or political practice that constraints fundamental rights, leads to oppression, incites to sexual violence and other serious violent crime or promotes extremism as such practices are not covered by religious freedom or freedom of opinion; expects Member States to adopt unequivocal legal frameworks that preclude judges from granting “cultural rebates” when dealing with serious acts of violence and even torture and murder;