27 Amendments of Mounir SATOURI related to 2020/2004(INI)
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 11
Citation 11
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 18 a (new)
Citation 18 a (new)
- having regard to its resolutions of 27 October 2016 on nuclear security and non-proliferation, of 17 January 2013 on the Recommendations of the Non- Proliferation Treaty Review Conference regarding the establishment of a Middle East free of weapons of mass destruction, and of 10 March 2010 on the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons,
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas the Treaty on the Non- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) has undoubtedly been the most important international instrument to regulate the nuclear regime for the last 50 years and has contributed substantially to preventing the spread of nuclear weapons, reducing the nuclear arsenal and facilitating the peaceful use of nuclear energy; whereas in 1995, NPT state parties agreed to extend the NPT indefinitely; whereas, given the failure in 2015 to agree on a substantive outcome document, it is of utmost importance to make the 2020 review a success;
Amendment 9 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital B a (new)
Recital B a (new)
B a. whereas, unfortunately, it must be stated that no progress can be detected as regards the NPT's nuclear disarmament objective and whereas attempts realise the univerzalisation of NPT failed until today;
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas the objective of the NPT’s periodical review conferences is to evaluate the implementation of the NPT and to draw up a roadmap for achieving further progress based on a step-by-step approach; whereas the review process represents an opportunity for the state parties to uphold and strengthen the nuclear non- proliferation regime once every five years;
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D
Recital D
D. whereas the ultimate goal of strengthening the global non-proliferation regime in the 2010 Review Conference was achievreiterated further to NPT states recommitting to the basic provisions of the NPT and adopting a 64-point action plan that includes, among other features, specific action plans on non-proliferation, disarmament and peaceful use of nuclear energy, underpinned by concrete and measurable actions that the state parties will take to support the three pillars;
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
Recital D a (new)
D a. whereas there is concern at the lack of implementation of the 2010 NPT Action Plan;
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D b (new)
Recital D b (new)
Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas in the section onunfortunately the nuclear disarmament, state parties, including recognised nuclear-armed states, for the first time undertook to accelerate real progress on disarmament and ultimately accomplish the total elimination of their nuclear arsenals, deployed or non- deployed objective has not been implemented or met so far; whereas actions agreed under the non-proliferation pillar include a wide range of issues, such as reinforcement of safeguards, support to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), physical protection of nuclear material, conclusion and entry into force of additional protocols, safeguards for nuclear-related exports, transfers of nuclear technology, and nuclear terrorism;
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L a (new)
Recital L a (new)
L a. whereas several nuclear armed states are planning to modernise or are currently modernising their nuclear weapons or their means of delivery and whereas some of them are lowering threshold of their use in their national military doctrines;
Amendment 22 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital L b (new)
Recital L b (new)
L b. whereas there are widespread concerns about the growing budgets for the maintenance and renewal of nuclear arsenals in all nuclear-armed countries, as well as the introduction of smaller nuclear weapons and the broadening of scenarios in which they may be used, all contributing to a vastly increased likelihood of nuclear detonations;
Amendment 37 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital U a (new)
Recital U a (new)
U a. whereas the risks of accidental, mistaken, unauthorized or intentional use of nuclear weapons are evident due to the vulnerability of nuclear command and control networks to human error and cyberattacks; whereas cyberattack methods such as data manipulation, digital jamming and cyber spoofing could jeopardize the integrity of communication, leading to increased uncertainty in decision-making; whereas in times of crisis, such cyberattacks on nuclear weapons systems could cause an escalation, including inadvertent nuclear launches;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point b a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point b a (new)
(b a) adopt without delay a Council Decision formalising the common position of the EU as regards the NPT Review Conference which contains ambitious objectives and proposals in particular as regards the disarmament and non-proliferation pillar of NPT; remind the need to speak with one voice at international fora in order to strengthen the EU’s impact and foreign policy and recall in this respect previous common positions adopted by Council ahead of the 2010, 2015 and 2000 Review Conferences;
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
(c a) increase significantly its budget for seminars, conferences, and any kind of activity or initiative related to the establishment of a Weapons of Mass Destruction-Free Zone (WMDFZ) in the Middle East, similar initiatives on other regions, non-proliferation and nuclear disarmament topics;
Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point l a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point l a (new)
(l a) express alarm at the demise of the INF Treaty, also in view of the fact that medium range missiles are particularly liable to increase the risks of nuclear escalation on the European continent;
Amendment 75 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point q a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point q a (new)
(q a) welcome the initiative undertaken by a majority of NPT State Parties to strengthen multilateral approaches to nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament by adopting the 2017 UN Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), unequivocally stigmatising the last weapons of mass destruction not yet prohibited under international law;
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point q b (new)
Paragraph 1 – point q b (new)
(q b) highlight the complementary nature of the nuclear weapon prohibition treaty, as foreseen by Article 6 of the NPT; note in particular that stigmatising nuclear weapons will contribute both to disarmament and to non-proliferation efforts;
Amendment 77 #
(q c) look forward to entry into force of the TPNW as soon as the 50th ratification instrument is deposited at the United Nations, ensuring the prohibition under international law of all weapons of mass destruction;
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point q d (new)
Paragraph 1 – point q d (new)
(q d) consider to position itself vis-a-vis the TPNW and its objectives and to look into the arguments that led to its establishment such as the humanitarian consequences of nuclear detonations and other risks associated with the possession of such weapons of mass destruction;
Amendment 79 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point q e (new)
Paragraph 1 – point q e (new)
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point r
Paragraph 1 – point r
(r) confirm the inalienable right of the NPT parties to the peaceful use of nuclear energy to meet their long-termacknowledge the fact that nuclear energy is a dual-use technology and that envergy requirements, in conformity with the NPT provisions; work with countries wishing to develop capacities in this area towards a responsible use of nuclear energy for solely peaceful purposes, provided all safety, security and non- proliferation conditions are met; recall in particular that the needs of developing countries should be duly taken into account; encourage the state parties to use the opportunity of the 2020 review process to further deepen the civil program can be used by the relevant state to acquire nuclear weapons within a short period of time and to possibly contribute to the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and undermine the NPT objective of nuclear disarmament; conclude that for security and defence considebrate ions the peaceful use of nuclear energy; recognise the role and value of the IAEA and its safeguard system in implementing the NPT and in strengthening the nuclear security frameworkis pillar of NPT needs to be reconsidered as it significantly weakens its nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation objectives;
Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point r a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point r a (new)
(r a) limit the transfer of proliferation- relevant nuclear technology to NPT State Parties which have concluded and are implementing IAEA full scope safeguards, thus supporting the decision by the 1995 NPT review conference that new supply arrangements for the transfer of sensitive nuclear technology should require, as a necessary precondition, acceptance of the IAEA full-scope safeguards and internationally legally binding commitments not to acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices;
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point r b (new)
Paragraph 1 – point r b (new)
(r b) insist that nuclear technology transfers should be limited to those NPT states parties that have concluded and are implementing an Additional Protocol to their IAEA safeguards agreements and have committed, in a binding way, to not pursue national enrichment or reprocessing capabilities ("gold standard");
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point t a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point t a (new)
(t a) consider initiating a process leading to a European Nuclear-Weapon- Free-Zone from the Atlantic Ocean to the Ural Mountains;
Amendment 94 #
(t b) recognise that mutual and simultaneous removal of short-range, theatre and designated sub-strategic nuclear-weapon warheads from European territory could contribute positively to creating the conditions for the construction of further Nuclear-Weapon- Free Zones, thereby contributing to the fulfilment of the non-proliferation and disarmament obligations contained in the NPT and, in the meantime, setting a precedent for further nuclear disarmament;
Amendment 96 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point u a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point u a (new)
(u a) invites states to consider the scientific evidence for the concept of nuclear deterrence, assess the risks and contradictions inherent to this posture, including risks of accident, miscommunication, malfunction, and deliberate escalation;
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point v
Paragraph 1 – point v
(v) call on the state parties to develop and put in place measures aimed at mitigating the risks of using nuclear weapons, be it intentionally, by misperception or miscalculation in an escalating conflict, or accidentally; measures could include improving communication channels and protocols, cybersecurity, creating a clear distinction between conventional and nuclear assets, as well as improving resilience to cyberattacks and extending decision-time in a crisis;