Activities of Clare DALY related to 2021/0205(COD)
Plenary speeches (2)
Sustainable aviation fuels (ReFuelEU Aviation Initiative) (debate)
Sustainable aviation fuels (ReFuelEU Aviation Initiative) (debate)
Shadow reports (1)
REPORT on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport
Amendments (26)
Amendment 46 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 2
Recital 2
(2) From 2020, air transport has been one of the hardest hit sector by the COVID-19 crisis. With the perspective of an end to the pandemic in sight, it is expected that air traffic will gradually resume in the coming years and recover to its pre-crisis levels. For some Member States, the increase in air freight has partially offset the reduction in emissions due to the decrease in civil aviation traffic in 2020. At the same time, emissions from the sector have been increasing since 1990 and the trend of increasing emissions could return as we overcome the pandemic. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare for the future and make the necessary adjustments ensuring a well-functioning air transport market that contributes to achieving the Union’s climate goals, with high levels of connectivity, safety and security.
Amendment 82 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 9 a (new)
Recital 9 a (new)
(9 a) For the purpose of this Regulation, the definition of sustainable aviation fuels should extend to renewable liquid and gaseous fuels of non-biological origin, including green hydrogen, and to electricity from renewable sources. This will enable energy sources for new propulsion pathways such as hydrogen and electricity to count towards the synthetic aviation fuels sub-mandate, thus creating incentives for technological innovation.
Amendment 110 #
(16) Development and deployment of sustainable aviation fuels with a high potential for sustainability, commercial maturity and a high potential for innovation and growth to meet future needs should be promoted. This should support creating innovative and competitive fuels markets and ensure sufficient supply of sustainable aviation fuels for aviation in short and long term to contribute to Union transport decarbonisation ambitions, while strengthening Union’s efforts towards a high level of environmental protection. For this purpose, sustainable aviation fuels produced from feedstock listed in Parts A and B of Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, as well as synthetic aviation fuels should be eligible. In particular, sustainable aviation fuels produced from feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 are essential, as currently the most commercially mature technology to decarbonise air transport already in the short term. However, more than 70% of the oil used comes from outside Europe, largely from South East Asia, and in particular from the palm oil producing countries of Indonesia and Malaysia. It is therefore necessary to strengthen the sustainability requirements for feedstock from waste, with traceability at source and mandatory audits at source.
Amendment 128 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 18 a (new)
Recital 18 a (new)
(18 a) However, it is important that the export to the Union of feedstock listed in Annex IX, Part B Directive (EU) 2018/2001 does not cause environmental damage in the exporting countries due to fraudulent mixing with virgin palm oil. It is therefore necessary to establish a control mechanism for shipments.
Amendment 129 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 18 b (new)
Recital 18 b (new)
(18 b) In order to ensure the harmonised implementation and enforcement of this Regulation, it is necessary to impose an obligation on Member States to carry out inspections of shipments from third countries of the feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX Directive (EU) 2018/2001.
Amendment 130 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 18 c (new)
Recital 18 c (new)
(18 c) In this respect, the Commission should be empowered to carry out investigative and coordinating actions in relation to imports which could have serious negative effects on the environment. The Commission may consider, within the framework of its internal organisation, entrusting certain enforcement measures provided for in this Regulation to the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), which has relevant expertise in this respect.
Amendment 151 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 21 a (new)
Recital 21 a (new)
(21 a) Aviation’s non-CO2 effects have been estimated to represent two thirds of the sector’s total climate impact, as confirmed by the Report from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council "Updated analysis of the non-CO2 climate impacts of aviation and potential policy measures pursuant to EU Emissions Trading System Directive Article 30(4).” As such, it is high time that these effects are mitigated. One option put forward by the aforementioned report is to reduce aromatics in conventional fossil fuels, so as to mitigate contrail cirrus formation. This can be achieved by a process called hydrotreating using renewable energy sources, done during the refining process. An effective measure would therefore be to mandate that producers of fossil jet fuel reduce these aromatics levels, in particular naphthalene, and sulphur. This would not only provide climate benefits, but also improve air quality around airports and increase the quality of the fuel for the benefit of airlines, both through high energy density and lower maintenance costs due to lower soot levels. The European Commission should therefore publish a report by the end of 2023 exploring pathways to optimise the aromatics, naphthalene and sulphur content of jet fuel. In parallel, fuel suppliers should be required
Amendment 156 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 22
Recital 22
(22) Airports covered by this Regulation should ensure that all the necessary infrastructure is provided for delivery, storage and refuelling of sustainable aviation fuel, so as not to constitute an obstacle with respect to the uptake of such sustainable aviation fuel. If necessary, the Agency should be able to require a Union airport to provide information on the infrastructure available allowing for seamless distribution and refuelling of aircraft operators with sustainable aviation fuels. The role of the Agency should allow airports and airlines to have a common focal point, in the event where technical clarification is necessary on the availability of fuel infrastructure. This obligation should include providing electric recharging infrastructure capacity and hydrogen refuelling infrastructure capacity, commensurate with the uptake of electric aircraft and renewable hydrogen propelled aircraft.
Amendment 220 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 5
— ‘sustainable aviation fuels’ (‘SAF’) means drop-in aviation fuels that are either synthetic aviation fuels, advanced biofuels as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 34 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, or biofuels produced from the feedstock listed in Part B of Annex IX to that Directive, which comply with the sustainability and greenhouse gas emissions criteria laid down in Article 29(2) to (7) of that Directive and are certified in accordance with Article 30 of this Directive;
Amendment 227 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 8
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – indent 8
— ‘synthetic aviation fuels’ means fuels that are renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non- biological origin, as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point 36 of Directive(EU) 2018/2001, or electricity from renewable sources as defined in Article 2,second paragraph, point 1 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001, both used in aviation;
Amendment 303 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – title
Article 6 – title
Obligations of Union airports to provide the infrastructure
Amendment 304 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Article 6 – paragraph 1
Member States shall ensure that airport managing bodies and other parties involved in fuel supply at Union airports shall take necessary measures to facilitate the access of aircraft operators to aviation fuels containing shares of sustainable aviation fuels in accordance with Annex I and, shall provide the infrastructure necessary for the delivery, storage and uplifting of such fuels. This obligation shall include providing electric recharging infrastructure capacity and hydrogen refuelling infrastructure capacity, commensurate with the uptake of electric aircraft and renewable hydrogen propelled aircraft.
Amendment 319 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 2
Article 6 – paragraph 2
Where aircraft operators report difficulties to the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (‘the Agency’) in accessing aviation fuels containing sustainable aviation fuels at a given Union airport for lack of adequate airport infrastructure, the Agency may request the Union airportMember State to provide the information necessary to prove compliance with paragraph 1. The Union airportMember State concerned shall provide the information without undue delay.
Amendment 328 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 – paragraph 3
Article 6 – paragraph 3
The Agency shall assess the information received and inform the Commission if such information allows to conclude that the Union airportMember State does not fulfil its obligations. Union airportMember States shall take the necessary measures to identify and address the lack of adequate airport infrastructure in 5 years after the entry into force of the Regulation or after the year when they exceed one of the thresholds in Article 3(a).
Amendment 332 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 a (new)
Article 6 a (new)
Article 6 a Obligations of inspections Member States shall, for the purpose of the application of this Regulation, carry out inspections of establishments, undertakings, brokers and dealers, and inspections of shipments of feedstock listed in Annex IX, Part B Directive (EU) 2018/2001. Inspections of shipments shall take place at least at one of the following locations (a) at the point of origin, with the producer of the SAF, the holder of the feedstock or the notifier; (b) at the point of destination, including intermediate and non-intermediate recovery, with the receiver or facility; (c) at the border of the Union; (d) during the shipment within the Union.
Amendment 333 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 b (new)
Article 6 b (new)
Article 6 b Documentation and evidence Inspections of shipments shall include at least the verification of documents, confirmation of the identity of those involved in the shipment and, if necessary, the physical control of the feedstock.
Amendment 334 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 c (new)
Article 6 c (new)
Amendment 335 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 d (new)
Article 6 d (new)
Article 6 d Obligations of the Commission’s inspections 1.In order to fight against infringements of the provisions of this Regulation, to support and complement the enforcement activities of the Member States, and to contribute to a uniform application of this Regulation throughout the Union, the Commission shall exercise the powers conferred onto it by Articles 6e to 6f. 2.These powers are without prejudice to: (a) the primary responsibility of the Member States to ensure and enforce compliance with this Regulation; and (b)the powers conferred onto the Commission or the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF), respectively, in other legal acts, in particular in Regulation (EU,Euratom) 883/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council 65 , Council Regulation 515/97 ,or Council Regulation 2185/96. 3.The Commission may exercise the powers conferred onto it by this Regulation on its own initiative, on the request of one or more Member States, or on a complaint if there is sufficient suspicion that the carriage of the substance or object concerned or the shipment of feedstocks concerned constitutes an illegal shipment.
Amendment 336 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 e (new)
Article 6 e (new)
Article 6 e Commission’s inspections 1.TheCommission may carry out inspections of shipments 2.The Commission shall prepare and conduct inspections in close cooperation with the relevant authorities of the Member State concerned. The Commission shall give notice in good time of the object, purpose and legal basis of inspections in the Member State concerned in whose territory the inspection is to be conducted, so that such authorities may provide the requisite assistance. To that end, officials of the Member State concerned may participate in the inspections. In addition, upon request of the Member State concerned, the inspections may be carried out jointly by the Commission and the relevant authorities of that Member State. 3.The staff and other accompanying persons authorised by the Commission to conduct an inspection shall exercise their powers upon production of a written authorisation specifying the subject matter and purpose of the inspection. 4.The staff of the Commission that conduct an inspection shall be empowered to: (a)have access to any premises, land and means of transport of the person who arranges the shipment, the holder, the carrier, the consignee or the facility that receives the feedstock; (b)examine any relevant documents related to the subject-matter and purpose of the inspections, irrespective of the medium on which they are stored, and to take or obtain in any form copies of or extracts from such documents; (c)ask the notifier, the person who arranges the shipment, the holder, the carrier, the consignee or the facility that receives the feedstock for explanations on facts or documents relating to the subject- matter and purpose of the inspections and to record the answers; (d)take and record statements from the notifier, the person who arranges the shipment, the holder, the carrier, the consignee or the facility that receives the feedstock related to the subject-matter and purpose of the inspections; (e)physically check the feedstock and take samples of the feedstock for laboratory tests, where appropriate. 5.The authorities of the Member States involved in inspections on the shipments of feedstock in whose territory the inspection of the Commission is to be conducted shall, at the request of the Commission, provide the necessary assistance to the staff of the Commission. 6.Where the Commission finds that the notifier, the person who arranges the shipment, the feedstock holder, the feedstock carrier, the consignee or the facility that receives the feedstock opposes an inspection, the Member State concerned shall afford the Commission the necessary assistance, requesting where appropriate the assistance of enforcement authorities, so as to enable the Commission to conduct its inspection. If such an assistance requires authorisation from a judicial authority according to national rules, such authorisation shall be applied for.
Amendment 337 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 6 f (new)
Article 6 f (new)
Article 6 f Optimisation of aromatics, The European Commission shall publish a report by 31 December 2023 exploring ways to optimise the aromatics,naphthalene and sulphur content of fossil kerosene in order to mitigate contrail cirrus formation. Depending on the conclusions of this report, the European Commission shall introduce binding legislation on the aforementioned matter, by any such legal instrument that will be deemed appropriate, by 31 December 2024. By 31 December of each year, fuel suppliers shall also report to the European Union Aviation Safety Agency the average aromatics, naphthalene and sulphur contents of the aviation fuel supplied by them. This information shall be made public by 31 March of the following year.
Amendment 442 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point a
Annex I – point a
(a) From 1 January 2025, a minimum share of 2% of SAF;, of which a maximum share of 1.3% biofuels produced from RED Annex IX, part B feedstocks
Amendment 448 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point b
Annex I – point b
(b) From 1 January 2030, a minimum share of 5.7% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 0.7% of synthetic aviation fuels: i) a maximum share of 2.5% advanced biofuels, ii) a maximum share of 1.2% biofuels produced from RED Annex IX, part B feedstocks iii) a minimum share of 2% of synthetic aviation fuels. Where these are produced with a carbon feedstock, 10% of that carbon feedstock must be produced by direct air carbon capture;
Amendment 455 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point c
Annex I – point c
(c) From 1 January 2035, a minimum share of 202.6% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 5% of synthetic aviation fuels; : - i) a maximum share of 8.2% advanced biofuels, - ii) a maximum share of 1.2% biofuels produced from RED Annex IX, part B feedstocks - iii) a minimum share of 13.2% of synthetic aviation fuels. Where these are produced with a carbon feedstock, 20% of that carbon feedstock must be produced by direct air carbon capture;
Amendment 460 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point d
Annex I – point d
(d) From 1 January 2040, a minimum share of 3251.8% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 8% of synthetic aviation fuels: - i) a maximum share of 10.2% advanced biofuels, - ii) a maximum share of 1.2% biofuels produced from RED Annex IX, part B feedstocks - iii) a minimum share of 40.4% of synthetic aviation fuels. Where these are produced with a carbon feedstock, 40% of that carbon feedstock must be produced by direct air carbon capture;
Amendment 464 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point e
Annex I – point e
(e) From 1 January 2045, a minimum volume share of 77.38% of SAF, of which a minimum share of 11% of synthetic aviation fuels. : - i) a maximum share of 10.4% advanced biofuels, - ii) a maximum share of 1.2% biofuels produced from RED Annex IX, part B feedstocks - iii) a minimum share of 65.8% of synthetic aviation fuels. Where these are produced with a carbon feedstock, 80% of that carbon feedstock must be produced by direct air carbon capture;
Amendment 468 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex I – point f
Annex I – point f
(f) From 1 January 2050, a minimum volume share of 63100% of SAF, of which: - i) a minimum share of 28% of synthetic aviation fuels , - ii) a maximum share of 1.1% biofuels produced from RED Annex IX, part B feedstocks;