31 Amendments of Holger KRAHMER related to 2012/0042(COD)
Amendment 74 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 2
Recital 2
(2) Article 9 of Decision No 406/2009/EC requires the Commission to assess modalities to include greenhouse gas emissions and removals resulting from activities related to land use, land use change and forestry into the Union's greenhouse gas emission reduction commitment, whilst ensuring the permanence and environmental integrity of the contribution of the sector, and providing for accurate monitoring and accounting of the relevant emissions and removals. This Decision should, therefore, as a first step, set out accounting rules applicable to greenhouse gas emissions and removals from the LULUCF sector. To ensure the preservation and enhancement of carbon stocks in the interim, it should also provide for Member States to adopt LULUCF Action Plans setting out measures to limit or reduce emissions, and to maintain or increase removals, from the LULUCF sector.
Amendment 81 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 3
Recital 3
(3) The 17th Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC, meeting in Durban in December 2011, adopted Decision 2- /CMP.7 of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (‘'Decision 2-/CMP.7’)') and Decision 16/CMP.1. That decision set out rules for accounting for the LULUCF sector as of a second commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol. This Decision should be in lineconsistent with that decision to ensure an appropriate level of coherence between the Union's internal rules and methodologies agreed within the UNFCCC to avoid any duplication of national reporting. This Decision should also reflect the particularities of the Union LULUCF sector.
Amendment 84 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 3 a (new)
Recital 3 a (new)
(3a) In addition to the opportunities directly linked to forestry and agriculture, there are potential mitigation benefits in the related industries (e.g. pulp and paper, wood processing) and renewable energy sectors if agricultural land and forests are managed for the production of timber and energy. Whilst carbon is stored in trees and in other plants and soils, it can also be stored for several decades in products (e.g. construction wood). Industry and consumer oriented policies can make an important contribution to increasing the long term use and recycling of wood and/or the production of pulp, paper and wood products, thereby replacing more emission-intensive equivalents (e.g. concrete, steel, plastics made from fossil fuels). In fact, the bio-based industry can make use of crops grown for material substitution (e.g. hemp and grass for insulation instead of glass fibre, straw for furniture production, car door panels made from flax or sisal plants, bio- plastics) or for energy (e.g. using biomass instead of fossil fuels). Studies show that for each tonne of carbon in wood products substituted for non-wood products an average greenhouse gas emission reduction of approximately two tonnes of carbon can be expected.
Amendment 89 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 4
Recital 4
(4) The LULUCF accounting rulaccounts for the LULUCF activities should reflect efforts made in the agriculture and forestry sectors to enhance the contribution of changes made to the use of land resources to the reduction of emissions. This Decision should provide for accounting ruls for the LULUCF activities applicable on a mandatory basis to the forestry activities of afforestation, reforestation, deforestation and forest management, and. It should also provide for accounts applicable on a voluntary basis to the agricultural activities of grazing land management and cropland management. It should also provide for accounting rules applicable on a voluntary basis, to revegetation and, wetland drainage and rewetting activities.
Amendment 97 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 5
Recital 5
(5) To ensure the environmental integrity of the LULUCF accounting rules applicable to the Union LULUCF sector, these rules should be based on the accounting principles laid down in Decision -2/CMP.7, and Decision 16/CMP.1 of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol.
Amendment 103 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 6
Recital 6
(6) The LULUCF accounting rules should accurately represent human-induced changes in emissions and removals. In that regard, this Decision should provide for the use of specific methodologies in respect of different LULUCF activities. Emissions and removals related to afforestation, reforestation and deforestation are the direct result of human intervention and should therefore be accounted for in their entirety. However, given that not all emissions and removals from forest management are anthropogenic, the relevant accounting rules should provide for the use of reference levels to exclude the effects of natural and country-specific characteristics. Reference levels constitute estimates of the annual net emissions or removals resulting from forest management within the territory of a Member State for the years included in an accounting period, and should be set transparently in accordance with Decision - /CMP.7. They should be updated to reflect improvements to methodologies or data available in the Member States. The accounting rules should provide for an upper limit applicable to net greenhouse gas emissions and removals for forest management that may be entered into accounts, given underlying uncertainties in the projections on which the reference levels are based.
Amendment 105 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 6 a (new)
Recital 6 a (new)
(6a) The accounting rules should appropriately reflect the positive contribution of greenhouse gas storage in wood and wood-based products and should contribute to greater use of forests as a resource, within a framework of sustainable forest management, and to increased use of wood products.
Amendment 106 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) The accounting rules for forest management should ensure that Member States accurately reflect in accounts the time emissions of greenhouse gasses from harvested wood take place, to provide incentives for the use of harvested wood products with long life cycles. The first- order decay function applicable to emissions resulting from harvested wood products should therefore correspond to equation 12.1 of the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (‘'IPCC’') Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, and the relevant default half-life values should be based on Table 3a.1.3 of the 2003 IPCC Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry.
Amendment 109 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 8
Recital 8
(8) Since inter-annual fluctuations in greenhouse gas emissions and removals resulting from agricultural activities are much smaller than those related to forestry activities, Member States shouldthat account for greenhouse gas emissions and removals from cropland and grazing land management activities should do so relative to its base year in accordance with their reviewed initial report on base year emission data as submitted to the UNFCCC pursuant to Decision 13/CMP.1 of the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (‘'Decision 13/CMP.1’').
Amendment 112 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) Reporting rules on greenhouse gas emissions and other information relevant to climate change, including information on the LULUCF sector, fall within the scope of Regulation (EU) No …/….../... [Commission proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on a mechanism for monitoring and reporting Union greenhouse gas emissions and for reporting other information at national and Union level relevant to climate change (COM/2011/0789 final — 2011/0372 (COD)], and are not theshould be considered by Member States when monitoring and refporeting, although they do not fall within the scope of this Decision.
Amendment 115 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 12
Recital 12
Amendment 126 #
Proposal for a decision
Recital 13
Recital 13
(13) The power to adopt acts in accordance with Article 290 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union should be delegated to the Commission to update the definitions laid down in Article 2 in the light of changes to definitions adopted by the bodies of the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol or other multilateral agreement relevant to climate change concluded by the Union, to amend Annex I to add accounting periods and ensure consistency between those accounting periods ands arising in the arelevant periods applicable to Union emission reduction commitments in other sectors, to amend Annex II with updated reference levels in accordance with the proposed reference levels submitted by Member States pursuant to Article 6 subject to corrections made in accordance with this Decisa of climate change concluded by the Union, to revise the information specified in Annex III in accordance with scientific progress and to revise the conditions relating to the accounting rules for natural disturbances laid down in Article 9(2) in the light of scientific progress or to reflect revisionto reflect minor changes to acts adopted by the UNFCCC or Kyoto Protocol bodies. It is of particular importance that the Commission carry out appropriate consultations during its preparatory work, including at expert level. The Commission, when preparing and drawing-up delegated acts, should ensure a simultaneous, timely and appropriate transmission of relevant documents to the European Parliament and Council.
Amendment 134 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 1
Article 1
This Decision sets out accounting rules applicable to emissions and removals resulting from land use, land use change and forestry activities. It also provides for Member State LULUCF Action Plans to limit or reduce emissions and to maintain or increase removals, and for the evaluation of those plans by the Commission.
Amendment 144 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point q
Article 2 – paragraph 1 – point q
(q) ‘'forest’' is an area of land of at least 0.5 hectare,land with tree crown cover (or an equivalent stocking level) of at leastmore than 10 per cent of the area, covered with trees with the potentialand area of more than 0.5 hectare. The trees should be able to reach a minimum height of at least 5 metres at maturity at in situ. A forest may consist eitheir place of growth, including grof closed forest formations where trees of varioups of growing young natural trees, or a plantation that has yet to reach a tree crown cover or equivalent stocking level of at least 10 per cent of the area or tree height of at least 5 metres, including any area thatstoreys and undergrowth cover a high proportion of the ground, or of open forest formations with a continuous vegetation cover in which tree crown cover exceeds 10 percent. Young natural stands and all plantations established for forestry purposes which have yet to reach a crown density of 10 percent or tree height of 5 m are included, as are areas normally formsing part of the forest area but on which therewhich are temporarily no treesunstocked as a result of human intervention, such as harvesting, or as a result of natural causes, but which area can be expected to revert to for or natural causes but which are expected to revert to forest. 'Forest' includes: forest nurseries and seed orchards that constitute an integral part of the forest; forest roads, cleared tracts, firebreaks and other small open areas within the forest; forest in national parks, nature reserves and other protected areas such as those of special environmental, scientific, historical, cultural or spiritual interest; windbreaks and shelterbelts of trees with an area of more than 0.5 hectare and a width of more than 20 metres, rubberwood plantations and cork oak stands. 'Forest' excludes land predominantly used for agricultural practicest;
Amendment 154 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 2 – paragraph 2
Article 2 – paragraph 2
2. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 12 to amend the definitions in paragraph 1 of this Article for the purpose of updatingto ensure consistency between those definitions in the light ofand any changes to relevant definitions adopted by the bodies of the UNFCCC or the Kyoto Protocol within the framework of the UNFCCC, or other multilateral agreement relevant to climate change concluded by the Union.
Amendment 168 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point e
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point e
Amendment 177 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point f
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 – point f
Amendment 185 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 2
Member States may also draw up and maintain accounts that accurately reflect emissions and removals resulting from cropland management, grazing land management, revegetation, and wetland drainage and rewetting.
Amendment 193 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 4 – title
Article 4 – title
Amendment 198 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 4 – paragraph 7
Article 4 – paragraph 7
7. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 12 to amend Annex IAny amendment to the obligation to draw up and maintain LULUCF accounts set out in this Article, including changes to addthe accounting periods and to ensure consistency between those accounting periods and the relevant periods applicable to Union emission reduction commitments in other sectorss set out in Annex I, shall be adopted in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure.
Amendment 222 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 6 – paragraph 9
Article 6 – paragraph 9
Amendment 234 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 7 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1 – point a
Article 7 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1 – point a
(a) pulp and paper;
Amendment 235 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 7 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1 – point c a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1 – point c a (new)
(ca) wood for energy production.
Amendment 241 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 7 – paragraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 4
4. Where Member States reflect in their accounts emissions resulting from harvested wood products that were harvested for energy purposes, they shall do so also on the basis of the instantaneous oxidation methodtake into account in their calculations the replacement of fossil fuels with adequate national half-life values.
Amendment 247 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 8 – title
Article 8 – title
Amendment 248 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 8 – paragraph 1
Article 8 – paragraph 1
1. In accounts relating to cropland management and grazing land management, Member States shallWhere a Member State elects to draw up and maintain accounts for categories referred to in the second subparagraph of Article 3(1), it shall, without prejudice to any future decision on accounting rules at international level, reflect emissions and removals resulting from such activities, calculated as emissions and removals in each accounting period specified in Annex I, minus the value obtained by multiplying the number of years in that accounting period by a Member State's emissions and removals resulting from such activities in its base year, as submitted to the UNFCCC in that Member State's reviewed initial report on base year emission data pursuant to the Annex of Decision 13/CMP.1.
Amendment 260 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 9 – paragraph 5
Article 9 – paragraph 5
5. The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 12 to revise the conditions referred to in the first subparagraph of paragraph 2 in the light of scientific progress or to reflect revisionto reflect minor changes to acts adopted by UNFCCC or Kyoto Protocol bodies.
Amendment 262 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 10
Article 10
Article deleted
Amendment 313 #
Proposal for a decision
Article 11 – paragraph 1
Article 11 – paragraph 1
The Commission shall review the accounting rules in this Decision at the latest within a year of the end of the first accounting period specified in Annex I. in the light of international negotiations and the UNFCCC.
Amendment 323 #
Proposal for a decision
Annex III – "Default half-life values (HL)" – line 1
Annex III – "Default half-life values (HL)" – line 1
2 years for paper and energy-producing wood
Amendment 325 #
Proposal for a decision
Annex IV
Annex IV
Annex deleted