Activities of Esther DE LANGE related to 2023/0081(COD)
Shadow opinions (1)
OPINION on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Europe's net-zero technology products manufacturing ecosystem (Net Zero Industry Act)
Amendments (86)
Amendment 1 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital -1 (new)
Recital -1 (new)
(-1) The prime medium-term objective of European industrial policy is to enable European industry to implement the energy, climate, environmental and digital transitions, while preserving its competitiveness on the global market, maintaining jobs in Europe and strengthening its ability to innovate and produce in Europe, particularly with regard to clean technologies;
Amendment 2 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital -1 a (new)
Recital -1 a (new)
(-1a) The climate and energy transition is an objective of European strategic interest. The Union should therefore think and act strategically to make the climate and energy transition a success for the people, for industry and for the climate. It is therefore essential that there is sufficient coherence and consistency between different European legislative proposals and legal frameworks. All Member States face significant challenges to reconcile the energy transition, the decarbonisation of industry, sufficient and affordable housing, economic development, biodiversity and climate adaptation. All these tasks are often accompanied by conflicting claims on space. An area-oriented approach, with sufficient flexibility to make choices for specific priorities in specific areas and to deal with different national situations, is therefore crucial and overall more effective for all objectives than targeting everything everywhere all at once.
Amendment 4 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1
Recital 1
(1) The Union has committed to the accelerated decarbonisation of its economy and ambitious deployment of renewable energy sources to achieve climate neutrality or net zero emissions (emissions after deduction of removals) by 2050. while enhancing the business case for industrial decarbonisation in Europe That objective is at the heart of the European Green Deal, the updated EU Industrial Strategy, and in line with the Union’s commitment to global climate action under the Paris Agreement31 . To reach the climate neutrality goal, Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council32 sets a binding Union climate target to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% by 2030 compared to 1990. The proposed “Fit for 55”33 package aims to deliver on the Union’s 2030 climate target and revises and updates Union legislation in this respect. As outlined in the Green Deal Industrial Plan, the Union needs to strengthen the business case for industrial decarbonisation in order to support and speed up the net-zero industrial transformation. This Regulation sets out measures to enhance the business case for industrial decarbonisation in Europe. _________________ 31 Council Decision (EU) 2016/1841 of 5 October 2016 on the conclusion, on behalf of the European Union, of the Paris Agreement adopted under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change OJ L 282, 19.10.2016, p. 4. 32 Regulation (EU) 2021/1119 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 June 2021 establishing the framework for achieving climate neutrality and amending Regulations (EC) No 401/2009 and (EU) 2018/1999 (‘European Climate Law’) (OJ L 243, 9.7.2021, p. 1). 33 Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. 'Fit for 55': delivering the EU's 2030 Climate Target on the way to climate neutrality. COM(2021) 550, 14.7.2021.
Amendment 9 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 2
Recital 2
(2) The Single Market provides the appropriate environment for enabling access at the necessary scale and pace to the technologies required to achieve the Union’s climate ambition and to live up to the promise of the European Green Deal to turn decarbonisation into a sustainable and competitive business-case. Given the complexity and the transnational character of net-zero technologies, uncoordinated national measures to ensure access to those technologies would have a high potential of distorting competition and fragmenting the Single market. Therefore, to safeguard the functioning of the Single market it is necessary to create a common Union legal framework to collectively address this central challenge by increasing the Union’s resilience and security of supply in the field of net-zero technologies. of net-zero.
Amendment 15 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 3
Recital 3
(3) Regarding external aspects, in particular regarding emerging markets and developing economies, the EUthe Union will step up its efforts to join forces with open, democratic partners committed to the Paris Agreement and will seek win- win partnerships in the framework of its Global Gateway strategy, which contribute to the diversification of its raw materials supply chain as well as to partner countries’ efforts to pursue twin transition and develop local value addition.
Amendment 17 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1 a (new)
Recital 1 a (new)
(1 a) The prime medium-term objective of European industrial policy is to enable European industry to implement the energy, climate, environmental and digital transitions, while preserving its competitiveness on the global market, maintaining jobs in Europe and strengthening its ability to innovate and produce in Europe, particularly with regard to clean technologies.
Amendment 18 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1 b (new)
Recital 1 b (new)
(1 b) The climate and energy transition is an objective of European strategic interest. The Union must therefore think and act strategically to make the climate and energy transition a success for the people, for industry and for the climate. It is therefore essential that there is sufficient coherence and consistency between different European legislative proposals and legal frameworks. All Member States face significant challenges to reconcile the energy transition, the decarbonisation of industry, sufficient and affordable housing, economic development, biodiversity and climate adaptation. All these tasks are often accompanied by conflicting claims on space. An area-oriented approach, with sufficient flexibility to make choices for specific priorities in specific areas and to deal with different national situations, is therefore crucial and overall more effective for all objectives than targeting everything everywhere all at once.
Amendment 22 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 5
Recital 5
(5) The higher energy prices after the unjustified and unlawful military aggression by the Russian Federation against Ukraine, gave a strong impetus to accelerate the implementation of the European Green Deal and reinforce the resilience of the Energy Union by speeding up the clean energy transition and ending any dependence on fossil fuels exported from the Russian Federation. The REPowerEU plan35 plays a key role in responding to the hardships and global energy market disruption caused by the invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation. That plan aims to accelerate the energy transition in the European Union, in order to reduce the Union’s gas and electricity consumption and to boost investments in the deployment of energy efficient and low carbon solutions. That plan sets inter alia the targets to double solar photovoltaic capacity by 2025 and to install 600 GW of solar photovoltaic capacity by 2030; to double the rate of deployment of heat pumps and, where more effective the rate of deployment of hybrid heat pumps; to produce 10 million tonnes of domestic renewable hydrogen by 2030; and to substantially increase production of biomethane. The plan also sets out that achieving the REPowerEU goals will require diversifying the supply of low carbon energy equipment and of critical raw materials, reducing sectoral dependencies, overcoming supply chain bottlenecks and expanding the Union’s clean energy technology manufacturing capacity. As part of its efforts to increase the share of renewable energy in power generation, industry, buildings and transport, the Commission proposes to increase the target in the Renewable Energy Directive to 45% by 2030 and to increase the target in the Energy Efficiency Directive to 13%. This would bring the total renewable energy generation capacities to 1236 GW by 2030, in comparison to 1067 GW by 2030 envisaged under the 2021 proposal and will see increased needs for storage through batteries to deal with intermittency in the electricity grid. Similarly, policies related to the decarbonisation of the road sector, such as Regulation (EU) 2019/631 and Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 will be strong drivers for a further electrification of the road transport sector and thus increasing demand for batteries. _________________ 35 Communication of 18 May 2022 from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, REPowerEU Plan, COM/2022/230 final, 18.05.2022.
Amendment 24 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 5 a (new)
Recital 5 a (new)
(5a) Nuclear energy is part of energy diversification. Therefore, the scope of this Act should not only cover limited advanced nuclear technologies such as small modular reactors, but also cover more conventional forms of nuclear energy, including components that are necessary for the realisation of nuclear energy projects. The inclusion of nuclear energy projects under the scope of this Act will benefit cooperation and coordination in the various areas on which this Act focuses and reduce part of the administrative burden for realising nuclear energy projects while safeguarding safety. In addition, it will allow to strengthen the availability of trained professionals as well as the knowledge base for nuclear technology and radiation protection through education, research and awareness- raising, among other things.
Amendment 25 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 6
Recital 6
(6) The net-zero transformation is already causing huge industrial, economic, and geopolitical shifts across the globe, which will become ever more pronounced as the world advances in its decarbonisation efforts. The road to net zero translates into strong opportunities for the expansion of Union’s net-zero industry, making use of the strength of the Single Market, by promoting among others investment in technologies in the field of renewable energy technologies , electricity and heat storage technologies, heat pumps, including hybrid heat pumps, grid technologies, renewable fuels of non- biological origin technologies, electrolysers and fuel cells, fusion, small modular reactors and related best-in-class fuels, carbon capture, utilisation, and storage technologies, and energy-system related energy efficiency technologies and their supply chains, allowing for the decarbonisation of our economic sectors, from energy supply to transport, buildings, and industry. A strong net zero industry within the European Union can help significantly in reaching the Union’s climate and energy targets effectively, as well as in supporting other Green Deal objectives, while creating jobs and growth.such as creating jobs and growth by creating an industrial base geared towards export as well as domestic supply. The promotion of cross-border and multi-country projects, particularly those in the field of energy have an important contribution to the achievement of the Net Zero Industry Act objectives and are of national and European public interest. It is for this reason that cross- border connections and projects supporting the net-zero technologies are promoted and bottlenecks are addressed, including the cross-border connection of grids and CO2 transport infrastructure;
Amendment 38 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 7
Recital 7
(7) To meet the 2030 climate and energy targets and objectives as laid down in Regulation (EU) 2021/1119, energy efficiency needs to be prioritised. Saving energy is the cheapest, safest and cleanest way to meet those targets. ‘Energy efficiency first’ is an overall principle of EU energy policy and is important in both its practical applications in policy and investment decisions. Therefore, it is essential to expand the Union’s manufacturing capacity for energy efficient technologies, such as heat pumps, hybrid heat pumps and smart grid technologies, that help the EU reduce and control its energy consumption.
Amendment 47 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 34 a (new)
Recital 34 a (new)
(34 a) An EU-equivalent to the American tax breaks or tax credits is not possible, as taxation is a national competence. However, the European Commission should play a coordinating role by ensuring that national tax breaks and credits for investments are implemented in a similar way, which would help European industry and lead to a level playing field.
Amendment 48 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 34 b (new)
Recital 34 b (new)
(34 b) If a Member State does not have the fiscal space for these tax breaks or credits, it should be made to possible to use, for example, unspent Cohesion funding.
Amendment 50 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 9
Recital 9
(9) Additional policy effort is necessary to support those technologies that are commercially available and have a good potential for rapid scale up to support the Union’s 2030 climate targets and objectives as laid down in Regulation (EU) 2021/1119, improve the security of supply for net-zero technologies and their supply chainsstream and downstream value chains including key components and machinery, and safeguard or strengthen the overall resilience and competitiveness of the Union’s energy system. It includes access to a safe and sustainable source of best in class fuels, as described in recital 8 of Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/1214.
Amendment 52 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 9 a (new)
Recital 9 a (new)
(9a) In order to decarbonise the entire Union’s industry to net-zero, European policies have to address the entire breadth of the climate transition. Measures should therefore address technologies throughout the value chain, as well as broader technologies. To this end, more attention should be paid to other technologies that contribute to the net-zero transition, notably the circular economy industry, the bio-based industry, the (re)valuation of the reuse of captured carbon as a raw material, and negative emissions in addition to emission reductions. Certain applications of Carbon capture and utilisation (CCU), chemical recycling and bio-based raw materials, including bio- based feedstock, should also added to the list of strategic net-zero technologies. These technologies meet the Commission's criteria to be regarded as strategic net-zero technology.
Amendment 53 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10
Recital 10
(10) To achieve the 2030 objectives a particular focus is needed on some of the net-zero technologies, also in view their significant contribution towards the path to net zero by 2050. These technologies include solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies, onshore and offshore renewable technologies, battery/storage technologies, including wind, wave and osmotic technologies, battery/storage technologies, electric vehicle technologies including battery cells, cell components (electrodes, electrolytes and specialised materials that are needed for their manufacturing) and critical raw metals processing for electric vehicle batteries not covered by the Critical Raw Materials Act, semiconductors, heat pumps, hybrid heat pumps and geothermal energy technologies, hydrogen technologies and electrolysers and fuel cells, sustainable biogas/biomethane, carbon capture and storage technologies and grid technologiehemical recycling, bio-based technologies, carbon capture and use, carbon capture and storage technologies, including Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage (DACCS) and Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), grid technologies and small modular reactors. These technologies play a key role in the Union’s open strategic autonomy, ensuring that citizens have access to clean, affordable, secure energy. Given their role, these technologies and their upstream and downstream value chains, including raw materials, intermediaries, components, machinery and finished products, should benefit from even faster permitting procedures, obtain the status of the highest national significance possible under national law and benefit from additional support to crowd-in investments. The Commission may adjust the list of strategic net-zero technologies through the adoption of delegated acts.
Amendment 64 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 10 a (new)
Recital 10 a (new)
(10a) To achieve the Union’s climate and energy objectives and the underlying net-zero industry targets, Member States should stop thinking and acting in a national silo approach. Certain projects are essential not only or not so much for one single Member State, but for the Union as a whole in order to achieve the net-zero industry targets and should be carried out for imperative reasons of overriding European Strategic Interest.
Amendment 66 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 43 a (new)
Recital 43 a (new)
(43 a) With the increase of EU ETS prices, revenues from the EU ETS for Member States have increased substantially. To promote the decarbonisation of Union industry, Member States should significantly increase their allocation of national revenues stemming from the EU ETS to support the decarbonisation of industry and should therefore allocate at least 25% of their national revenues stemming from the Emission Trading System to support the objectives of this Act.
Amendment 68 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 12 a (new)
Recital 12 a (new)
(12a) Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) is a technology that will contribute to mitigating climate change. It consists of the capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial installations, its transport and geological storage as defined in Article 3(1) of Directive 2009/31/EC;
Amendment 72 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 13
Recital 13
(13) The development of carbon capture and storage solutions for industry is confronted with a coordination failure. On the one handFirst, despite the growing CO2 price incentive provided by the EU Emissions Trading System, for industry to invest into capturing CO2 emissions making such investments economically viable, they face a significant risk of not being able to access a permitted geological storage site. On the other haSecond, investors into first CO2 storage sites face upfront costs to identify develop and appraise them even before they can apply for a regulatory storage permit. Transparency about potential CO2 storage capacity in terms of the geological suitability of relevant areas and existing geological data, in particular from the exploration of hydrocarbon production sites, can support market operators to plan their investments. Member State should make such data publicly available and report regularly in a forward-looking perspective about progress in developing CO2 storage sites and the corresponding needs for injection and storage capacities above, in order to collectively reach the Union-wide target for CO2 injection capacity. Third, CO2 storage projects are only economically viable when there is a business case along the entire value chain, including CO2 transport. Any legal storage obligations should therefore be accompanied by effective policies and measures to ensure coordination and investment across the value chain, including for cross-border CO2 transport.
Amendment 74 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 13 a (new)
Recital 13 a (new)
(13a) Additional policy effort is necessary to support the cross-border transportation of CO2 as the London Protocol initially prohibits export of CO2 for permanent geological storage below the seabed. The London Protocol was amended by contracting parties in 2009 to allow for cross border transportation of CO2 for sub-seabed storage, but the amendment should be ratified by two thirds of contracting parties to enter into force. It is unlikely that this will occur in the near term. Additional policy effort is necessary to address the barrier to deployment and the creation of an internal market for cross-border transportation of CO2.
Amendment 75 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 13 b (new)
Recital 13 b (new)
(13b) Additional policy effort is essential to secure the deployment of cross-border infrastructure planning. Accessibility and connectivity of the full range of carbon dioxide (CO2) transportation modalities plays a critical role for the deployment of CCS and CCU projects. Modalities cover ship, barge, train and truck as well as fixed facilities for connecting and docking, for liquefaction, buffer storage and converters of CO2 in view of its further transportation through pipelines and in dedicated modes of transport.
Amendment 79 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 69 a (new)
Recital 69 a (new)
(69 a) At Union level, a European Advisory Board on Review and Regulatory Burden (EABRRB), should be established. The EABRRB advises the European Parliament, the European Commission and Member States on how to minimise the regulatory burden on businesses, citizens and professionals. In doing so, EABRRB wants to contribute to a society in which legislation achieves its goals while people are hindered as little as possible by rules. The EABRRB advises on all proposed legislation that affect the regulatory burden. It does so at the earliest possible stage of the legislative process. The EABRRB also has the power to advise on draft regulations before final decision-making in the Council, Parliament or Commission. Furthermore, the EABRRB can contribute to reducing the regulatory burden with advice on existing legislation, at the request of the executive power, the co-legislators and from society and business community.
Amendment 80 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 14
Recital 14
(14) A key bottleneck for carbon capture investments that are today increasingly economically viable is the availability of operating CO2 storage sites in Europe, which underpin the incentives from Directive 2003/87/EC. To scale up the technology and expand its leading manufacturing capacities, the EU needs to develop a forward-looking supply of permanent geological CO2 storage sites permitted in accordance with Directive 2009/31/EU36 . By defining a Union target of 50 million tonnes of annual operational CO2 injection capacity by 2030, in line with the expected capacities needed in 2030, the relevant sectors can coordinate their investments towards a European Net- Zero CO2 transport and storage value chain that industries can use to decarbonise their operations. This initial deployment will also support further CO2 storage in a 2050 perspective. According to the Commission’s estimates, the Union could need to capture up to 550 million tonnes of CO2 annually by 2050 to meet the net zero objective37 , including for carbon removals. Such a first industrial-scale storage capacity will de-risk investments into the capturing of CO2 emissions as important tool to reach climate neutrality. In view of the expected storage requirements in 2050, CO2 storage in the Union will have to be complemented by storage in third countries in Europe with a large storage potential. When this regulation is incorporated into the EEA Agreement, the Union target of 50 million tonnes of annual operational CO2 injection capacity by 2030 will be adjusted accordingly. _________________ 36 Directive 2009/31/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the geological storage of carbon dioxide and amending Council Directive 85/337/EEC, European Parliament and Council Directives 2000/60/EC, 2001/80/EC, 2004/35/EC, 2006/12/EC, 2008/1/EC and Regulation (EC) No 1013/2006 (Text with EEA relevance), (OJ L 140, 5.6.2009, p. 114). 37 In depth analysis in support of the Commission Communication (2018/773) A Clean Planet for all. A European long-term strategic vision for a prosperous, modern, competitive and climate neutral economy.
Amendment 97 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 18
Recital 18
(18) Considering these objectives together, while also taking into account that for certain elements of the supply chain (such as inverters, as well as solar cells, wafers, and ingots for solar PV or cathodes and anodes for batteries) the Union manufacturing capacity is low, the Union net-zero technologies annual capacity should aim at approaching or reaching an overall annual manufacturing benchmark of at least 40% of annual deployment needs by 2030 for the technologies listed in the Annex , as well as the key components and machinery in their upstream and downstream value chain. In light of the different starting positions of the Union manufacturing capacity for different technologies and elements of the supply chain, the overall annual manufacturing benchmark should be increased to at least 50% of annual deployment needs by 2030 for technologies and elements of the supply chain which have already reached a benchmark of at least 30% today.
Amendment 102 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 18 a (new)
Recital 18 a (new)
(18a) In light of their key importance in integrating the Union and facilitating the achievement of the Union climate and energy objectives, the Act should also promote the technologies for and deployment of cross-border connections and multi-country projects supporting net-zero technologies, in particular for cross-border grid connection and CO2 transport infrastructure.
Amendment 105 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 20
Recital 20
(20) At the same time, net-zero technology products will contribute to the Union’s resilience and security of supply of clean energy. A secure supply of clean energy is a prerequisite for economic development, as well as for public order and security. Net-zero technology products will also yield benefits to other strategically important economic sectors, such as farming and food production by securing access to clean energy and machinery at competitive prices, thus contributing sustainably to EU food security and to providing an increasing outlet for bio-based alternatives through circular economy. In the same way, the fulfilment of the Union’s climate ambitions willshould translate both into economic growth and social well-being.
Amendment 131 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 15 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 15 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Amendment 136 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 43 a (new)
Recital 43 a (new)
(43a) With the increase of EU ETS prices, revenues from the EU ETS for Member States have increased substantially. To promote the decarbonisation of Union industry, Member States should significantly increase their allocation of national revenues stemming from the EU ETS to support the decarbonisation of industry and should therefore allocate at least 25% of their national revenues stemming from the Emission Trading System to support the objectives of this Act.
Amendment 143 #
(50) At the same time, the unpredictability, complexity and at times, excessive length of national permit- granting processes undermines the investment security needed for the effective development of net-zero technologies manufacturing projects. Therefore, in order to ensure and speed up their effective implementation, Member States should apply streamlined and predictable permitting procedures. In addition, Net-Zero Strategic Projects should be given priority status at national level to ensure rapid administrative treatment and urgent treatment in all judicial and dispute resolution procedures relating to them, without preventing competent authorities to streamline permitting for other net-zero technologies manufacturing projects that are not Net- Zero Strategic Projects or more generally.
Amendment 147 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 51
Recital 51
(51) Given their role in ensuring the Union’s security of supply for net-zero technologies, and their contribution to the Union’s open strategic autonomy and the green and digital transition, responsible permitting authorities should consider Net- Zero Strategic Projects to be in the public interest. Based on its case-by-case assessment, a responsible permitting authority may conclude that the public interest served by the project overrides the public interests related to nature and environmental protection and that consequently the project may be authorised, provided that all relevant conditions set out in Directive 2000/60/EC, Directive 92/43/EEC and Directive 2009/147/EC63 are met. Given their essential importance for the achievement of the climate, energy and net-zero industry targets for the Union as a whole, responsible permitting authorities should conclude that the public interest for the Union as a whole served by projects of overriding European Strategic Interest overrides the public interests related to nature and environmental protection and should consequently authorise the project by default. _________________ 63 Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds (OJ L 20, 26.1.2010, p. 7–25).
Amendment 153 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 55
Recital 55
(55) Net-zero technology manufacturing projects undergo lengthy and complex permitting procedures of 2-7 years, depending on the Member State, technology and value chain segment. Considering the size of required investments – in particular for gigafactory- size projects which are needed to reach the expected economies of scale – inadequate permitting creates an additional and often detrimental barrier to increase net-zero technology manufacturing capacity in the Union. In order to provide project promoters and other investors with the security and clarity needed to increase development of net-zero technologies manufacturing projects, Member States should ensure that the permit-granting process related to such projects does not exceed pre-set time limits. For Net Zero Strategic Projects the length of the permit- granting process should not exceed twelve months for facilities with a yearly production output of more than 1 GW, and 9 months for those with a yearly production output of less than 1 GW. For all other net-zero technology manufacturing projects, the length of the permit-granting process should not exceed eighteentwelve months for facilities with a yearly production output of more than 1 GW, and twelvnine months for those with a yearly production output of less than 1 GW. For net-zero technologies for which the GW metric is not relevant, such as grids and carbon capture and storage (CCS) or carbon capture and usage (CCU) technologies, the upper limits of the aforementioned deadlines should apply. For the expansion of existing production lines, each of the aforementioned time limits should be halved.
Amendment 168 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 57 a (new)
Recital 57 a (new)
(57a) Member States should designate Net Zero Industry Valley in dedicated, homogenous geographical areas that are particularly suitable to develop net-zero technology projects, differentiating between technologies, and where the deployment of the specific type of net-zero technology is not expected to have a significant impact on the environment. Member States may designate Net Zero Industry Valleys specific for one or more types of net-zero technology and should indicate the type or types of net-zero technology that are suitable to be produced in each Net Zero Industry Valley. The designation of Net- Zero Industry Valleys should allow net- zero technologies and their value chains located in these areas to benefit from predictability and streamlined administrative procedures. In particular, these projects should benefit from accelerated administrative procedures, including a tacit agreement in case of a lack of response by the competent authority on an administrative step by the established deadline, and from streamlined environmental assessments at area-level to have a more integrated and efficient approach to planning and to take environmental considerations into account at an early phase of the planning process at a strategic level.
Amendment 170 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 58
Recital 58
(58) Land use conflicts can create barriers to the deployment of net zero technologies manufacturing projects. Well- designed plans, including spatial plans and zoning, that take into account the potential for implementing net-zero technologies manufacturing projects and whose potential environmental impacts are assessed jointly, have the potential to help balance public goods and interests, decreasing the potential for conflict and accelerating the sustainable deployment of net-zero technologies manufacturing projects in the Union. In particular, Member States should develop specific plans designating Net-Zero Industry Valleys to cluster projects on certain net- zero technologies with an industrial symbiosis. The plans for Net-Zero Industry Valleys should be subject to the relevant environmental impact assessments by the national competent authorities for the plan as a whole during the development of the plans. Net-zero technology projects in the designated Net- Zero Industry Valleys should subsequently be exempted from and deemed to comply with the individual requirement to carry out these assessments. Responsible national, regional and local authorities should therefore consider the inclusion of provisions for net-zero technologies manufacturing projects when developing relevant plans.
Amendment 174 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 58 a (new)
Recital 58 a (new)
(58a) Projects of overriding European strategic interest should benefit from a presumption of not having significant effects on the environment. Therefore, they should be exempted from the need to carry out a specific environmental impact assessment in the sense of Directive 2011/92/EU in accordance with Article 2(4) of that Directive, of Directive 92/43/EEC, and of Directive 2001/42/EC.
Amendment 180 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 63
Recital 63
(63) An overall benchmark and indicative objectives for the manufacturing of key net-zero technology products in the European Union are put forward in order to improve the Union’s global industrial competitiveness, help tackle import dependency and vulnerability concerns and ensure the Union’s climate and energy targets are met, while ensuring the Union’s climate and energy targets are met. However, the contribution of net-zero technologies to the Union’s climate targets and objectives will only materialise when those technologies are effectively deployed. Therefore, it is essential that any measures taken contribute to the improvement of the investment climate for industry in the Union, which is also crucial to secure quality jobs and prosperity in the Union.
Amendment 181 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 63 a (new)
Recital 63 a (new)
(63a) To acknowledge the contribution of the Net-Zero Industry Act to the investment climate for industry in the Union, a ‘Made in EU’ label should be introduced. Member States should ensure that final products of projects and activities supported through this Act are clearly indicated as ‘Made in EU’ by displaying an appropriate label, in order to boost the image of the EU, inside and outside the Union.
Amendment 183 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 69 a (new)
Recital 69 a (new)
(69a) At Union level, a European Advisory Board on Review and Regulatory Burden, should be established. The European Advisory Board on Review and Regulatory Burden (EABRRB) advises the European Parliament, the European Commission and Member States on how to minimise the regulatory burden on businesses, citizens and professionals. In doing so, EABRRB wants to contribute to a society in which legislation achieves its goals while people are hindered as little as possible by rules. The EABRRB advises on all proposed legislation that affect the regulatory burden. It does so at the earliest possible stage of the legislative process. the EABRRB also has the power to advise on draft regulations before final decision- making in the Council, Parliament or Commission. Furthermore, the EABRRB can contribute to reducing the regulatory burden with advice on existing legislation, at the request of the executive power, the co-legislators and from society and business community.
Amendment 192 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point a
Amendment 202 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point a a (new)
Article 1 – paragraph 2 – point a a (new)
aa) that the technologies for and deployment of cross-border connections and multi-country projects supporting net-zero technologies are promoted and bottlenecks are solved, in particular for cross-border connection of grids and CO2 transport infrastructure;
Amendment 215 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point a
(a) ‘'net-zero technologies’' means any technology the application of which contributes to climate change mitigation within the meaning of Article 10(1) of Regulation (EU) 2020/852, in particular renewable energy technologies66 ; electricity and heat storage technologies; heat pumps, including hybrid heat pumps; grid technologies; renewable fuels of non- biological origin technologies; sustainable alternative fuels technologies67 ;; hydrogen technologies, electrolysers and fuel cells; advanced technologies to produce energy from nuclear processes with minimal waste from the fuel cycle, including small modular reactors, and related best-in-class fuels; carbon capture, utilisation, and storage technologies; and energy-system related energy efficiency technologies. They refer to the final products, specific components and specific machinery primarily used for the production of those products. They shall have reached a technology readiness level of at least 8. _________________ 66 ‘renewable energy' means ‘renewable energy’ as defined in Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources 67 ‘sustainable alternative fuels’ means fuels covered by the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport, COM/2021/561 final and by the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and Council on the use of renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport COM/2021/562 finalcarbon removal and storage technologies, including DACCS and BECCS; bio-based technologies and bio- based feedstock; water technologies; circular economy technologies, including recycling technologies; and energy-system related energy efficiency technologies. They refer to the final products, specific components, intermediates and specific machinery primarily used for the production of those products.
Amendment 254 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point q
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point q
(q) ‘CO2 injection capacity’ means the annual amount of CO2 that can be injected in an operational geological storage site, such as depleted oil and gas fields or saline aquifers, [CLM1] permitted under Directive 2009/31/EC, with the purpose to reduce emissions or increase carbon removals, in particular from large scale industrial installations and which is measured in tonnes per annum;
Amendment 258 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point q a (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point q a (new)
(qa) ‘CO2 transport networks’ means multimodal CO2 transport infrastructure, including the network of pipelines, including associated booster stations, for the transport of CO2 to the storage site;
Amendment 259 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point q b (new)
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point q b (new)
(qb) ‘Overriding European Strategic Interest' means a specific net-zero technology project listed in Annex Ia which is essential for the achievement of the targets in the Union as a whole, for which no equivalent alternative is available across the Union to achieve the same target within the required timeframe, and which is therefore presumed as being carried out for imperative reasons of overriding public interest at Union level in the planning and permit-granting process;
Amendment 286 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 a (new)
Article 5 a (new)
Article5a Net-Zero Industry Valleys 1. In order to fulfil the objectives of this Regulation, each Member State shall designate geographical areas as Net-Zero Industry Valleys (‘Valleys’). 2. The objectives of the Valleys shall be to: (a) create clusters of net-zero industrial activity which lead to efficiency gains for all industrial actors involved; (b) increase the attractiveness of the Union as a location for manufacturing activities; (c) further streamline, beyond the streamlining set out in other Chapters of this Regulation, the administrative procedures for setting up net-zero manufacturing capacities; 3. A decision designating a Valley shall include a date of application and a date of expiry. A Member State may renew such a decision and Member States shall make such decisions publicly available.
Amendment 287 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 5 b (new)
Article 5 b (new)
Amendment 313 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 1
Article 7 – paragraph 1
1. Where an environmental impact assessment must be carried out in accordance with Articles 5 to 9 of Directive 2011/92/EU, the project promoter concerned shall request an opinion to the competent authority referred to in Article 4 on the scope and level of detail of the information to be included in the environmental impact assessment report pursuant to Article 5(1) of that Directive. The national competent authority shall ensure that the opinion referred to in the first subparagraph is issued as soon as possible and within a period of time not exceeding 3014 days from the date on which the project promoter submitted its request, without exception. In accordance with Article 2(4) and Article 4(2) of Directive 2011/92/EU, Member States may decide to exempt the project from an assessment in accordance with Articles 5 to 9 of Directive 2011/92/EU.
Amendment 327 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. By derogation to paragraphs 1 and 2, for the purposes of Articles 5 to 9 of Directive 2011/92/EU, Article 6(4) and 16(1)(c) of Directive 92/43/EEC and Article 9(1)(a) of Directive 2009/147/EC, Member States shall ensure that the planning, construction and operation of net-zero technology projects of overriding European Strategic Interest are presumed as being carried out for imperative reasons of overriding public interest, in the planning and permit-granting process when balancing legal interests in the individual cases.
Amendment 328 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 2 b (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 2 b (new)
2b. By derogation to paragraphs 1 and 2, where Member States have adopted a plan or plans designating specific geographic areas as Net Zero Industry Valleys for one or more types of net-zero technologies and the corresponding value chain in accordance with Article 5a, this plan or plans designating a Net Zero Industry Valley shall be subject to the relevant environmental assessments listed in paragraphs 1 and 2 by the national competent authorities for the designated area as a whole before the adoption of the plan or plans. Net-zero technology manufacturing projects and projects in the corresponding value chain in designated Net Zero Industry Valleys shall be exempted from the requirements to carry out and shall be deemed to comply with the environmental assessments listed in paragraphs 1 and 2, provided that these projects comply with the rules and measures set out in the plan. Member States shall have maximum flexibility to allocate the location for the Net Zero Industry Valleys, which means that every type of area is allowed as long as the net-zero technologies and their value chain do not significantly affect the purpose of such sites.
Amendment 344 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 4
Article 7 – paragraph 4
4. The timeframes for consulting the public concerned on the environmental report referred to in Article 5(1) of Directive 2011/92/EU shall not be longer than 4530 days. In cases falling under the second sub-paragraph of Article 6(4), this period shall be extended to 960 days.
Amendment 352 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 4 a (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. The timeframes referred to in paragraphs 1 to 4 shall in no case be extended for net-zero technology projects as this would run counter to the objectives of this Act.
Amendment 355 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 4 b (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 4 b (new)
4b. The national competent authority shall restrict the requirements for the project promotor’s request strictly to those required under Articles 6, Article 7 paragraphs 1 to 4, and Article 8, and shall impose no additional requirements in accordance with the objective to streamline the administrative and permit- granting process and minimise administrative burden.
Amendment 359 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 4 c (new)
Article 7 – paragraph 4 c (new)
4c. For the purposes of Article 6(4) and 16(1)(c) of Directive 92/43/EEC, Member States shall ensure that the planning, construction and operation of net-zero technology projects of overriding European Strategic Interest are presumed as being carried out for imperative reasons of overriding public interest, in the planning and permit-granting process when balancing legal interests in the individual cases.
Amendment 372 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 8 – paragraph 2
Article 8 – paragraph 2
2. Where plans include provisions for the development of net-zero technology manufacturing projects, including net-zero strategic projects, that are subject to an assessment pursuant to Directive 2001/42/EC and pursuant to Article 6 of Directive 92/43/EEC, those assessments shall be combined. Where relevant, that combined assessment shall also address the impact on potentially affected water bodies and verify whether the plan potentially prevent a water body from achieving good status or good potential or cause deterioration of status or of potential referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2000/60/EC or would potentially hamper that a water body achieves good status or good potential. Where relevant Member States are required to assess the impacts of existing and future activities on the marine environment, including land-sea interactions, as referred to in Article 4 of Directive 2014/89/EU, these impacts shall also be covered by the combined assessment. Net-zero technology projects established in Net-Zero Industry Valleys shall not be subject to an individual assessment pursuant to Directive 2001/42/EC and pursuant to Article 6 of Directive 92/43/EEC provided that those projects comply with the rules and measures established in accordance with Article 7(2a). By derogation, for the purposes of Article 6(4) and 16(1)(c) of Directive 92/43/EEC, Article 4(7) of Directive 2000/60/EC, Article 4 of Directive 2014/89/EU, and Directive 2001/42/EC Member States shall ensure that the planning, construction and operation of net-zero technology projects of overriding European Strategic Interest are presumed as being carried out for imperative reasons of overriding public interest, in the planning and permit- granting process when balancing legal interests in the individual cases.
Amendment 458 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 12 – paragraph 3
Article 12 – paragraph 3
3. Net-zero strategic projects shall be considered to contribute to the security of supply of strategic net-zero technologies in the Union and therefore to be in the public interest. With regard to the environmental impacts addressed in Articles 6(4) and 16(1)I of Directive 92/43/EEC, Article 4(7) of Directive 2000/60/EC and Article 9(1)(a) of Directive 2009/147/EC, net-zero strategic projects in the Union shall be considered as being of public interest and may be considered as having an overriding public interest provided that all the conditions set out in those Directives are fulfilled, with the exception of the obligation to consider alternative solutions and compensatory measures as laid down in article 6(4) of Directive 92/43/EEC. Net-zero strategic projects of overriding European Strategic Interest in Annex Ia are essential for the achievement of the targets at Union level and shall therefore be considered as having an overriding European Strategic Interest with regard to the environmental impacts addressed in Articles 6(4) and 16(1)I of Directive 92/43/EEC, Article 4(7) of Directive 2000/60/EC and Article 9(1)(a) of Directive 2009/147/EC.
Amendment 480 #
4. National competent authorities shall ensure that the lack of reply of the relevant administrative bodies within the applicable time limits referred to in this Article results in the specific intermediary steps to be considered as approved, except where the specific project is subject to an environmental impact assessment pursuant to Council Directive 92/43/EEC or Directive 2000/60/EC, Directive 2008/98/EC, Directive 2009/147/EC, Directive 2010/75/EU, 2011/92/EU or Directive 2012/18/EU or a determination of whether such environmental impact assessment is necessary and the relevant assessments concerned have not yet been carried out, or where the principle of administrative tacit approval does not exist in the national legal system. This provision shall not apply to final decisions on the outcome of the process, which are to be explicit. All decisions shall be made publicly available. Where the principle of administrative tacit approval does not exist in the national legal system and in case of an environmental impact assessment pursuant to Council Directive 92/43/EEC or Directive 2000/60/EC, Directive 2008/98/EC, Directive 2009/147/EC, Directive 2010/75/EU, 2011/92/EU or Directive 2012/18/EU or a determination of whether such environmental impact assessment is necessary, the lack of reply of the relevant administrative bodies within the applicable time limits referred to in this Article shall result in effective, proportionate and dissuasive penalties. The revenue of the penalty shall be allocated to the project affected by the delay and shall correspond to the missed economic value as a result of the delay.
Amendment 492 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 4 a (new)
Article 13 – paragraph 4 a (new)
4a. The timeframes referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall in no case be extended as this would run counter to the objectives of this Regulation.
Amendment 506 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 15 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 15 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Amendment 510 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 16 – paragraph 1
Article 16 – paragraph 1
An annual injection capacity of at least 50 million tonnes of CO2 shall be achieved by 2030, in storage sites such as depleted oil and gas fields and saline aquifers located in the territory of the European Union, its exclusive economic zones or on its continental shelf within the meaning of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and which are not combined with Enhanced Hydrocarbon Recovery (EHR). Member States shall develop a national strategy and targets for CO2 capture and, where applicable, CO2 storage to contribute to the Union annual injection capacity target. Every two year after the entry into force of the Regulation, the Commission shall report on the progress achieved towards the EU annual injection capacity target. The report shall include an overview of the geographical spread of storage sites across the EU. At the latest by 31 December 2026, the Commission shall present a legislative proposal, based on a detailed impact assessment, to set an annual CO2 injection capacity target to be achieved by 2035, 2040 and 2050.
Amendment 539 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point -a (new)
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point -a (new)
(-a) the national strategy and targets that have been set for CO2 capture and CO2 storage in accordance with Article 16;
Amendment 541 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point a
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point a
(a) CO2 capture projects in progress and an estimation of the corresponding needs for CO2 transport, injection and storage capacities;
Amendment 544 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point b
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point b
(b) CO2 storage and CO2 transport projects in progress on its territory, including the status of permitting under Directive 2009/31/EC, expected dates for Final Investment Decision (FID) and entry into operation;
Amendment 548 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point c
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point c
(c) the national support measures that have been adopted and measures that could be adopted to prompt projects referred to in points (a) and (b), and, in the absence of CO2 storage projects in progress or planned on its territory, the support measures to support alternative decarbonisation pathways for industrial sectors faced with unavoidable CO2 emissions, such as cross-border CO2 transport projects to CO2 storage in other Member States or the application of CCU.
Amendment 552 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point c a (new)
Article 17 – paragraph 2 – point c a (new)
(ca) the arrangements, including bilateral agreements made to facilitate cross-border CO2 transport, in place to ensure that entities capturing CO2 have access to a safe and non- discriminatory means of transporting CO2.
Amendment 560 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 17 a (new)
Article 17 a (new)
Article17a CO2 transport infrastructure 1. In order to facilitate the achievement of the objective set out in Article 16, the Union and its Member States in partnership with the companies benefitting shall invest in the needed CO2 transport infrastructure, including cross- border infrastructure. 2. Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that potential users of storage sites are able to obtain access to CO2 transport networks and to storage sites for the purposes of geological storage of the produced and captured CO2. 3. By 6 months from the entry into force of this Regulation, the Commission and Member States shall draw up a common strategy to finance the infrastructure referred to in paragraph 1. The strategy referred to in paragraph 3 shall be reviewed at least every two years.
Amendment 600 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 5 – point c
Article 18 – paragraph 5 – point c
(c) enter into agreements with third party capture, transport or storage project developers or investors to fulfil their contribution.
Amendment 608 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 6
Article 18 – paragraph 6
6. Two years after the entry into force of the Regulation and every year thereafter, the entities referred to in paragraph 1 shall submit a report to the competent authority of the Member States and the Commission detailing their progress towards meeting their contribution. The report shall include an overview of the economic feasibility of planned injection capacities and recommendations to the Member States on additional measures required to reach the CO2 injection objective. The Commission shall make these reports public.
Amendment 613 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 6 a (new)
Article 18 – paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. The Commission shall assess the compliance of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 with the requirements of this Chapter. In this assessment the Commission shall take into account the development of CO2 transport modalities to the injection sites as well as the development of carbon capture activities to produce the demand for CO2 injection. If either or both infrastructure and capture activities are lacking, the Commission may reduce the injection obligation of a specific entity for a specific year. Any reduction shall be recovered in within 5 years after the reduction took place.
Amendment 620 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 7 – point b a (new)
Article 18 – paragraph 7 – point b a (new)
(ba) Sanctions and penalties that may be applied to authorised oil and gas producers that fail to comply with the requirements of this Regulation.
Amendment 692 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 29 a (new)
Article 29 a (new)
Article29a European Advisory Board on Review and Regulatory Burden ('the EABRRB') 1. A European Advisory Board on Review and Regulatory Burden ('the EABRRB') is hereby established' 2. The Advisory Board shall be composed of 15 senior scientific experts covering a broad range of relevant disciplines. Members of the Advisory Board shall meet the criteria set out in paragraph 3. No more than two members of the Advisory Board shall hold the nationality of the same Member State. The independence of the members of the Advisory Board shall be beyond doubt. 3. The members of the Advisory Board shall be designated for a term of four years, which shall be renewable once, following an open, fair and transparent selection procedure. The selection shall be based on the following criteria: (a) scientific excellence; (b) experience in carrying out scientific assessments and providing scientific advice in the fields of expertise; (c) expertise in the field of public administration or other fields relevant for the tasks of the Board; (d) professional experience in an inter- disciplinary environment in an international context. 4. The members of the Advisory Board shall be appointed in a personal capacity and shall give their positions completely independently of the Member States and the Union institutions. The Advisory Board shall elect its chairperson from among its members for a period of four years and it shall adopt its rules of procedure. 5. The Advisory Board shall support the work of the Commission, the European Parliament and the Member States while acting independently in discharging its tasks by providing advisory reports on: a. the regulatory impact and burden of existing Union laws; b. the regulatory impact and burden of existing Delegated Acts and Implementing Acts, and c. existing national laws in the Member States as a consequence of a European Directive. 6. The Advisory Board shall establish its annual work programme independently, and when doing so it shall consult the Commission. The chairperson of the Advisory Board shall inform the Commission, the European Parliament and the Member States of that programme and its implementation. The EABRRB can, at the request of the European Parliament, an individual Commissioner, individual Member States and/or reasoned requests from stakeholders, be asked to give advice on the regulatory impact and burden of European legislation in preparation or in the decision-making process. 7. The advisory reports referred to in paragraph 5 shall be shared with the European Parliament, European Commission and the Member States and shall be made publicly available. 8. The European Commission shall provide for the secretariat of the EABRRB.
Amendment 700 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 31 – paragraph 1 – point b a (new)
Article 31 – paragraph 1 – point b a (new)
(ba) the progress with respect to the assessment referred to in Article 8 (2) for the development of net-zero grid technologies to achieve the objectives under Article 1 paragraph 2(a).
Amendment 717 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 31 a (new)
Article 31 a (new)
Article31a Each Member States shall ensure that the output of projects supported through this Regulation and all activities relating to the operations supported by this Regulation is clearly indicated as having been made possible due to the Net Zero Industry Act by displaying an appropriate label that reads 'Made in the EU’, in order to boost the image of the EU, inside and outside the Union.
Amendment 718 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 31 b (new)
Article 31 b (new)
Amendment 719 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 31 c (new)
Article 31 c (new)
Article31c By ... [6 months after the date of entry into force of this Regulation] and every five years thereafter, the European Commission shall appoint an SME Envoy as an adviser to its President. The SME Envoy shall have a mandate to ensure that the interests of small and medium enterprises are sufficiently reflected the Union's policies and legal acts.
Amendment 720 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 32 a (new)
Article 32 a (new)
Article32a Amendments to Annex I The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 32 to amend Annex I in order to adapt the list of strategic net-zero technologies.
Amendment 721 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 32 b (new)
Article 32 b (new)
Article32b Amendments to Annex Ia The Commission is empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 32 to amend Annex Ia in order to adapt the list of Projects of Overriding European Strategic Interest.
Amendment 727 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 2
Annex – row 2
2. Onshore wind and offshore renewable technologies, including wind, wave and osmotic technologies
Amendment 728 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 3 a (new)
Annex – row 3 a (new)
(3a) Electric vehicle technologies, including battery cells, cell components (electrodes, electrolytes and specialised materials that are needed for their manufacturing) and critical metals processing for electric vehicles batteries not covered by the [Critical Raw Materials Act]
Amendment 729 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 3 b (new)
Annex – row 3 b (new)
(3b) Semiconductors
Amendment 730 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 5
Annex – row 5
5. EHydrogen technologies, electrolysers and fuel cells
Amendment 741 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 6 a (new)
Annex – row 6 a (new)
(6a) Chemical recycling
Amendment 743 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 6 b (new)
Annex – row 6 b (new)
(6b) Bio-based technologies
Amendment 744 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 6 c (new)
Annex – row 6 c (new)
(6c) Carbon Capture and use (CCU)
Amendment 747 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 7
Annex – row 7
7. Carbon Capture and storage (CCS) technologies, including Direct Air Carbon Capture and Storage (DACCS) and Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS)
Amendment 755 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex – row 8 a (new)
Annex – row 8 a (new)
(8a) Small modular reactors (SMR)
Amendment 757 #
Proposal for a regulation
Annex a (new)
Annex a (new)
(1a) Multi-country offshore renewable technologies (2a) Grid connection technologies and development to/from offshore renewables (3a) Cross-border grid technology projects where no cross-border grid connections yet exist (4a) Geological storage sites for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) (5a) Large-capacity battery/storage technologies of at least […] (6a) Semiconductors (7a) Projects required to facilitate the objectives of the Critical Raw Materials Act (8a) […]