Activities of Franziska Katharina BRANTNER related to 2012/2143(INI)
Reports (1)
REPORT with a proposal for a European Parliament recommendation to the Council on the UN principle of the ‘Responsibility to Protect’ (‘R2P’) PDF (192 KB) DOC (127 KB)
Amendments (27)
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 2 a (new)
Citation 2 a (new)
– having regard to the EU Programme for the Prevention of Violent Conflicts (Gothenburg Programme) of 2001 and the annual reports on its implementation,
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 7
Citation 7
– having regard to the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 1674 of April 2006 on ‘and UNSC Resolution 1894 of November 2009 on 'Protection of civilians in armed conflict’'4 ,
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution
Citation 8
Citation 8
– having regard to the UNSC Resolution 1973 of 17 March 2011 on Libya, which 0 of 26 February 2011 on Libya referencing the R2P and authorising several non-coercive measures to prevent the escalation of atrocities, and to the UNSC Resolution 1973 of 17 March 2011 on Libya, which contained an explicit reference to the R2P's first pillar for the first time in history and authorised the use of force against a country with an explicit reference to R2P, followed by similar references in UNSC Resolution 1975 on the Ivory Coast, UNSC Resolution 1996 on Sudan and UNSC Resolution 2014 on Yemen,
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital A
Recital A
A. whereas paragraphs 138 and 139 of the UN World Summit Outcome Document establish at the same time the obligation of states to protect their citizepopulations against genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity and the obligation of the international community to help states assume this responsibility as well as to react should states fail to protect their citizens against these four specified crimes and violations;
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital C
Recital C
C. whereas, according to the work on R2P preceding the agreement on the World Summit Outcome Document in 2005, in the report on R2P by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) in 2001, the principle of R2P shalls been further defined byto encompassing the components of the responsibility to prevent (R2prevent), the responsibility to react (R2react) and the responsibility to rebuild (R2rebuild)), as introduced in the report on R2P by the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS) in 2001;
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)
Recital D a (new)
Da. whereas the development of the principle of R2P - particularly its prevention component - can advance global efforts towards a more peaceful world as many mass atrocity crimes occur during periods of violent conflict and require effective capacities for structural and operational conflict prevention, thus minimising the need for the use of force as the last resort;
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital E
Recital E
E. whereas the most effective form of prevention lies in the promotion of good governance, inclusiveness, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, gender equality, and democratic values and practices, the reduction of economic inequalities, and the enforcement of the rule of law;
Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital H
Recital H
H. whereas more recent experiences with specific crises such as those in Sri Lanka, Ivory Coast, Libya and Syria have produced mixed results in terms of the international capacity and a lack of common willdemonstrated the persistent challenges in arriving at a common understanding of how to implement the principle of R2P as well as in generating the common political will and effective capacity to prevent or stop genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity committed by national and local authorities or non-state actors;
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital I
Recital I
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital J a (new)
Recital J a (new)
Ja. whereas the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights has an important function in awareness-raising on ongoing cases of mass atrocity crimes; whereas the UN Human Rights Council is playing an increasingly important role in implementing the R2P, including by authorising fact-finding missions and commissions of inquiry to gather and assess information relating to the four specified crimes and violations, and by its increasing readiness to refer to R2P in crisis situations such as in Libya and Syria;
Amendment 80 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital K
Recital K
K. whereas a narrow but deep approach to implementing R2P should restrict its application to the four specified crimes and violations specified and should exclude the use of the principle to obtain humanitarian access; whereas humanitarian action should not be used as a substitute for political action, and whereas humanitarian space needs to be respected by all actors involved;
Amendment 82 #
Motion for a resolution
Recital K b (new)
Recital K b (new)
Kb. whereas the principle of R2P should not be applied in the context of humanitarian emergencies and natural disasters; whereas humanitarian action should not be used as a substitute for political action, and whereas humanitarian space needs to be respected by all actors involved;
Amendment 83 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – introductory part
Paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. Addresses the following recommendations to the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/Vice-President of the Commission (HR/VP), the EEAS, the Commission, the Member States and the Council:
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point a
Paragraph 1 – point a
(a) to agree to the establishment of an inter-institutional working group charged withto discuss the implications of R2P for the EU's external action and the role its actions and instruments can play in situations of concern with a view to preparing the basis for an inter- institutional ‘'Consensus on R2P’' to be adopted jointly by the Council, the EEAS, the Commission and the European Parliament;
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c
Paragraph 1 – point c
(c) to institutionalise the practice of producing an annual report on the EU's successes and failures in conflict prevention and mitigation in applying the principle of R2P, to be prepared jointly by the EEAS and the Commission in cooperation with the EU Special Representative for Human Rights and to be debated in a special session with the European Parliament; the report can build on the tradition of the annual reports on the Gothenburg programmes, adding an analysis of the usefulness of relevant instruments and administrative structures in implementing R2P, including identifying necessary revisions;
Amendment 95 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
(ca) to identify an EU Focal Point for R2P in the EEAS within existing structures and resources, tasked notably with increasing awareness of the implications of R2P and ensuring timely information flows between all concerned actors on situations of concern;
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d a (new)
Paragraph 1 – point d a (new)
(da) to further develop EU conflict prevention and mitigation capacities, including stand-by capacities of legal experts, police officers and regional analysts and the creation of an autonomous European Institute of Peace intended to provide the EU with advice on and capacities for mediation, two-track diplomacy and exchange of best practices on peace and de-escalation; to strengthen the preventive elements of the EU's external instruments, in particular of the Instrument for Stability;
Amendment 100 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d b (new)
Paragraph 1 – point d b (new)
(db) to strengthen linkages between early warning, policy-planning and high-level decision-making in the EEAS and the Council, and create clear lines of personal accountability for mobilising action in response to warnings about potential crisis situations involving the four specified crimes and violations;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point d c (new)
Paragraph 1 – point d c (new)
(dc) to include a systematic assessment of the risk factors of genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing and crimes against humanity in regional and country strategy papers, and include their prevention in dialogues with third countries that are at risk of these specified crimes and violations;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1 – point e
Paragraph 1 – point e
(e) to train EU and Member States' delegation and embassy staff in international human rights, and humanitarian law and in the capacity of detecting potential situations involving the four specified crimes and violations including by regular exchanges with the local civil society, and further professionalise and strengthen preventive diplomacy and mediation;
Amendment 116 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point -a (new)
Paragraph 2 – point -a (new)
(-a) to contribute actively to a differentiated debate on the principle of R2P building on the existing international human rights and humanitarian law enshrined in the Geneva Conventions with a view to strengthening the international community's focus on the R2P's prevention component reducing all those misleading and detrimental interpretations which equate the R2P with military intervention;
Amendment 118 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point a
Paragraph 2 – point a
(a) to support the efforts of the UN Secretary-General to fine-tune and enhance the understanding of the implications of the principle of R2P and to cooperate with other UN members who wish to improve the capacities of the international community to prevent and respond to mass atrocity crimes;
Amendment 120 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point a a (new)
Paragraph 2 – point a a (new)
(aa) to take into account the proposal 'Responsibility while Protecting' and to contribute to the necessary development of criteria to be followed when acting to implement in particular the third pillar of R2P, including the proportionality of the scope and duration of any intervention, a thorough balance of consequences, ex- ante clarity of the political objectives and transparency in the intervention's reasoning; whereas the monitoring and review mechanisms of adopted mandates should be strengthened, including through the UN Secretary-General's Special Advisors on the Prevention of Genocide and on R2P, and the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, and should be conducted 'fairly, prudently and professionally, without political interference or double standards'1; __________________ 1 Art. 51 in: Responsibility to protect: timely and decisive response, Report of the Secretary-General, 25 July 2012 (A/66/874-S/2012/578).
Amendment 130 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point b
Paragraph 2 – point b
(b) to help strengthen the framework and capacities at UN level for mediation, double-two- track diplomacy and exchange of best practices on the peaceful resolution of emerging conflicts and de-escalation, such as those of the Mediation Support Unit of the Department of Political Affairs; to strengthen the Office of the Special Advisor on the Prevention of Genocide and the Special Advisor on the Responsibility to Protect;
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
Paragraph 2 – point b a (new)
(ba) to work together with the EU's international partners on identifying working methods and measures, including the obligation of public explanations on vetoes, that would make decreasing the suffering of the populations concerned the principal aspect of discussions at the UNSC when deciding on the adoption of a resolution authorising coercive measures under the R2P's third pillar; to countervail forcefully and publicly the blocking of such resolutions due to unrelated arguments based on, for example, domestic or geostrategic considerations, considering in such situations working towards an empowerment of the UNGA to adopt a resolution on behalf of the UNSC; to address the issue of a single EU seat in the Security Council and of a communalized budget for CFSP missions under UN mandate;
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 – point c
Paragraph 2 – point c
(c) to integrate women, including women leaders and women's groups, much more in all conflict mitigation and resolution efforts in accordance with UNSC Resolutions 1325 and 1820;
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 a (new)
Paragraph 2 a (new)
2 a. Calls on the HR/VP: (a) to present to the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs a concrete plan of action within three months of the adoption of the present Recommendation, on the follow- up of the Parliament's proposals, notably outlining the steps towards achieving a 'Consensus on R2P';