2015/2277(INI) | [ParlTrack]

Draft opinion
Paragraph -1 (new)

-1. Notes that G8 government have committed themselves, in the 2009 L'Aquila Joint Statement on Food Security, to supporting country-owned strategies to increase food production, and so increasing access to food, with a special focus to empower smallholder and women farmers and improve their access to land and financial services, including microfinances and markets.

Amendment 10 #

Diane DODDS

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

1. Recognises that over-reliance on imported food should be replaced by establishing resilient domestic food production, given that climates and markets are increasingly volatile, and that emphasis has shifted from increasing the production of agricultural commodities to enabling countries to feed themselves; this can only be achieved if the primary producers receives a fair price;

Amendment 100 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5

- encourage a wide variety of food crops, preferably based on 'indigenous' plants, including fruit and vegetables, to improve nutrition,

Amendment 101 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 a (new)

- safeguard and promote access to seeds and agricultural inputs for smallholder farmers and marginalised groups, and promote and safeguard the exchange of seeds and their public ownership, and sustainable traditional techniques that guarantee the human right to proper food and nutrition,

Amendment 102 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 a (new)

- commit to the full implementation of the International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes and the resolutions adopted by the World Health Assembly (WHA) on Infant and Young Child Nutrition

Amendment 103 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 b (new)

- encourage a focus on growing food with a high nutritional content instead of on crops produced in abundance which have a high calorie content, as opposed to nutritional content (maize, sugar), and which could cause dietary nutrient deficiencies,

Amendment 104 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 c (new)

- reject a focus on growing food with a high nutritional content instead of on crops produced in abundance which have a high calorie content, as opposed to nutritional content (maize, sugar), and which could cause dietary nutrient deficiencies,

Amendment 105 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 d (new)

- ensure that the four key elements of the human right to food and nutrition, namely fitness for purpose, availability, accessibility, and sustainability, are realised, without basing strategies solely on the production of more food,

Amendment 106 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 e (new)

- ensure access to varied diets, which should be consistent with cultural values and wholesome, and should enable food intake to be biologically utilised in the way required to attain well-being, taking into account human dignity, which is created by virtue of having access to basic public services (including health, water and sanitation, housing, and social security),

Amendment 107 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 f (new)

- ensure that food is affordable for people and consumers,

Amendment 108 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5 g (new)

- reject attempts of any kind to patent life, plants and animals, genetic material, or essential biological processes, especially where native strains and species are concerned,

Amendment 109 #

Peter JAHR, Albert DESS, Norbert LINS, Jens GIESEKE

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 6

- design policies which e~~mpower women in agriculture,~~nhance the social role of rural women;

Amendment 11 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

Amendment 110 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 6

- design policies which empower ~~women in agriculture,~~rural women, specifically taking into account their time and mobility constraints, and ensuring they benefit from the transformation of agriculture by removing discriminatory provisions that hinder access to resources and by combating discriminatory customs;

Amendment 111 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 6

- design policies which empower women in agriculture and improve the position of family businesses in the food supply chain,

Amendment 112 #

Viorica DĂNCILĂ

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 6

- design policies which empower women in agriculture, encourage the inclusion of the gender perspective in official statistics and indices of rural development policies and identify best practices so as to be able to formulate strategies which are best oriented towards the emancipation of women in rural areas;

Amendment 113 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 6

- design policies which empower women in agriculture, and ensure their rights, particularly with regards to access to land, credit and resources,

Amendment 114 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 6

- design policies which empower women in agriculture, particularly in order to improve their access to land and financing; ensure in that connection that the frameworks for cooperation between countries not only comprise measures formulated in general terms to empower women but also specific targets and a specific time frame for their attainment, including by reference to the concept of gender budgeting and by means of constant evaluation with the aid of data classified by gender; observes in this connection that, in the NAFSN, women are insufficiently addressed, although more women than men work in farming,

Amendment 115 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 6

- design policies which empower women in agriculture, and ensure they have the same rights as men;

Amendment 116 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7

Amendment 117 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7

Amendment 118 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7

- ensure that financial, tax or administrative reforms, including any formal or informal tax agreement, do not exempt investors from making a fair contribution to the tax base of participating countries or give an unfair advantage to investors over smallholders; they should also ensure that any formal or informal tax agreements are made public

Amendment 119 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7

- ensure that financial, tax or administrative reforms do not exempt investors from making a fair contribution to the tax base of participating countries or give an unfair advantage to investors over smallholders. Given the aims of the Alliance, participating private companies should be called upon to draw up an ambitious social responsibility programme;

Amendment 12 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)

1 a. Recognises that the 2008 global food price crises, triggered by, inter alia, a combination of drought, fires, land use change due to biofuels, and speculation on food commodities, have shown us that populations in developing countries are not food secure if they depend too heavily upon imports.

Amendment 120 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 a (new)

- ensure, by means of the commitment frameworks, that farmers, fishermen, inhabitants of woodlands, and pastoral communities can enjoy their right to land and protection and that they are shielded from the risk of losing land to private investors,

Amendment 121 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 a (new)

- constantly monitor and assess the investment and business practices of the participating undertakings in the light of the above conditions, in view of the lack of an independent monitoring system;

Amendment 122 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 a (new)

- ensure that their governments retain their rights to protect their agricultural and food markets through appropriate tariff and tax regimes, which are particularly necessary to tackle financial speculation and tax dodging;

Amendment 123 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 a (new)

- ensure that assessments, including impact assessments, of all projects are performed by independent bodies;

Amendment 124 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 a (new)

- ensure that a broad range of indicators are used to evaluate progress

Amendment 125 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 b (new)

- enter into commitments enabling workers to enjoy social protection and a decent income from their output, guaranteeing a minimum income sufficient to cope with hunger and pay for proper food;

Amendment 126 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 b (new)

- consider agricultural development in a comprehensive manner, including such fundamental aspects as training, development of storage and communications infrastructure, access to fertilisers, promotion of agroecological approaches, including agroforestry,

Amendment 127 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 b (new)

- establish systems to ensure transparency and accountability in all initiatives;

Amendment 128 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 c (new)

- avoid making their food production systems overdependent on fossil fuels in order to limit price volatility and to mitigate the effects of climate change,

Amendment 129 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 c (new)

- introduce indicators to measure impact on food security, nutrition and poverty, and indicators which can be used to assess the progress made by each country in the context of the NAFSN;

Amendment 13 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)

1 a. Stresses that agricultural development must be based on the local domestic food production to ensure the local population an equal access to food;

Amendment 130 #

Nicola CAPUTO, Nicola CAPUTO, Ricardo SERRÃO SANTOS

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 7 d (new)

- not expand the NAFSN to further countries until such time as the impact of its implementation has been assessed.

Amendment 131 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Calls on participating countries, in order to combat land grabbing and promote agricultural models which respect human rights, to: - support the implementation of the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (VGGT) by means of participatory and inclusive arrangements which assign priority to the rights and needs of those in whom rights to land are legitimately vested, - ensure that free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) is obtained from all communities living on land whose ownership, and/or control over which, is transferred, - review public policies and projects which provide an incentive to grab land, and instead support policies which assign priority to small-scale food producers, particularly women, and promote sustainable use of land and other natural resources, - regulate activities in the private sector so as to make undertakings fully responsible for human rights, land rights and social, environmental and labour standards;

Amendment 132 #

Ulrike MÜLLER

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 1

- as the biggest development aid donor in the world, offer intensive cooperation and make their continued support for the NASFN conditional upon fulfilment of the above,

Amendment 133 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 1 a (new)

- ensure that the selection of participating countries is truly based on the needs of their local populations related to tackling hunger and malnutrition rather than on their business attractiveness,

Amendment 134 #

Viorica DĂNCILĂ

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 1 a (new)

- support the consolidation of crisis prevention and management mechanisms, including by establishing close links between humanitarian and development support actors, as well effective early warning systems at national or regional level in order to support food security;

Amendment 135 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2

- ensure that EU-based investors respect the rights of local communities and provide highest standards of transparency regarding their investment plans;, along with environmental, social and human rights safeguards,

Amendment 136 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2

- ensure that EU-based investors respect the rights of local communities, follow good business practices, implement a social responsibility policy when drawing up employment contracts in EU countries and provide transparency regarding their investment plans;

Amendment 137 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2

- ensure that EU-based investors respect the rights of local communities and the needs of small farms at that level, take account of traditional knowledge and provide transparency regarding their investment plans;

Amendment 138 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2

- ensure that EU-based investors respect, and encourage other partners in the Alliance to respect, the rights of local communities and provide transparency regarding their investment plans;

Amendment 139 #

Beata GOSIEWSKA

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2

- ensure that EU-based investors respect the rights of local communities and provide transparency regarding their investment plans and not exploit their economic advantage over workers from local communities;

Amendment 14 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)

1 a. Notes that historically smallholder agriculture has always played a fundamental role in initiating the process of economic and social development of countries by esuring food security for entire populations, avoiding spending of foreign currency reserves on food imports and providing jobs for the bulk of the population; observes that foreign private investment and trade liberalisation policies can have distorting impacts on the agricultural sectors of developing economies;

Amendment 140 #

Beata GOSIEWSKA

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2 a (new)

- ensure that financial assistance is used to develop efficient methods of sustainable agriculture, not to support initiatives which enable companies to eliminate local communities;

Amendment 141 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2 a (new)

- recognise and defend the necessity for participating countries to achieve food security and their right to be as self- sufficient as possible,

Amendment 142 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2 a (new)

- fulfil the extraterritorial obligations (ETOs) incumbent upon states by ensuring both that their policies do not serve to violate human rights in other countries, and in particular the human right to food and nutrition, and that non- state actors do not impede the enjoyment of those rights;

Amendment 143 #

- support and champion local African enterprises and stakeholders as beneficiaries of the NAFSN initiatives;

Amendment 144 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2 b (new)

- encourage participating countries to democratically implement their own agricultural and food policies, priorities and strategies by means of a sustainable agricultural model,

Amendment 145 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2 b (new)

- promote a standard-setting approach to cooperation frameworks, in keeping with human rights;

Amendment 146 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2 c (new)

- focus their development programmes and policies towards shifting from support for intensive livestock farming to support for sustainable local plant-based agriculture,

Amendment 147 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 7 – indent 2 d (new)

- eliminate agricultural export subsidies, which are distorting the local markets and destroying livelihoods in developing countries;

Amendment 148 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 8

8. Calls on participating governments and investors to enter into a dialogue with civil society on the NAFSN and to ensure the representation of relevant civil society organisations in the NAFSN decision making bodies.

Amendment 149 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 8

8. Calls on participating governments and investors to enter into a dialogue with civil society ~~on the NAFSN~~, local communities, and other institutions on the NAFSN, as well as to ensure that agreements concluded are available to the public domain in a transparent manner.

Amendment 15 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)

1a. Globally condemns the NAFSN cooperation frameworks, since many of them represent models imposed by rich countries that are designed to favour the interests of large agroindustrial multinationals;

Amendment 150 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 8

8. Calls on participating governments and investors to enter into a dialogue with civil society on the NAFSN, incorporating a gender perspective.

Amendment 151 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 8 a (new)

8a. Urges the EU to reassess the food aid programmes in which it is involved, with a view to ensuring that they are appropriate and effective and achieve their appointed aims, and to determine whether it should pursue projects on s smaller scale, but with operations taking place more at a local or regional level, thus guaranteeing the success of the programmes.

Amendment 152 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 8 b (new)

8b. Urges the EU to consider whether it should broaden its involvement in this programme, or establish a similar programme, in order to cover countries affected by mass migration caused by humanitarian situations, such as food shortages, the object being to provide nourishing food and enable territory to be occupied and land cultivated, thereby bringing about subsistence farming and keeping populations in the countries concerned.

Amendment 16 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 a (new)

1a. Recognises food sovereignty as the sovereign right of peoples to decide their own agricultural and food policies and the right of farmers of all peoples to produce their own food;

Amendment 17 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 b (new)

1b. Points out that maximising profits is incompatible with combating hunger, and abuse of market power and pricing dominance, the occupation of land, poor working conditions and pesticide use are incompatible with guaranteeing and complying with the right to food and nutrition;

Amendment 18 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 b (new)

1 b. Underlines the importance of food sovereignty principle as the right of people to decide upon their own food and agricultural production;

Amendment 19 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 b (new)

1b. Recognises that export-oriented agricultural policies must be replaced by policies prioritising production for the domestic market and ensuring the survival of peasant farming;

Amendment 2 #

Anja HAZEKAMP, Stefan ECK

Draft opinion
Paragraph -1 a (new)

-1 a. Notes that the EU's FSPF1a stresses the need for the EU and its Member States to focus on small scale food production to increase food availability in LDCs; with multiple effects of boosting producer incomes and resilience, increasing food availability for the general population, enhancing environmental quality and encouraging SMEs and rural development via processing. ___________ 1a EU Policy Framework to Assist Developing Countries in Addressing Food Security Challenges, COM (2010) 127

Amendment 20 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1 c (new)

1 c. Underlines that at least 80% of agricultural land in world is currently used for livestock feed production instead of food crops production, depriving millions of hungry people in developing countries of sources of nutrition. Emphasizes that instead of proposing growth in food production more attention needs to be given to food distribution, tackling food waste, and reducing intensive livestock farming for the production of meat and dairy;

Amendment 21 #

Diane DODDS

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2

2. Supports ‘'medium and long-term sustainable agricultural, food security, nutrition and rural development programmes to eliminate the root causes of hunger and poverty, including through the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food’', especially by ‘'building capacity, focusing on integrated actions addressing policy, institutions and people~~, with a special emphasis on smallholders and women farmers’1 ; ___________ 1 Final declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, FAO, 2009~~'

Amendment 22 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2

2. Supports ‘medium and long-term sustainable agricultural, food security, nutrition and rural development programmes to eliminate the root causes of hunger and poverty, including through the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food’, especially by ‘building capacity', involving communities in production, 'focusing on integrated actions addressing policy, institutions and people, with a special emphasis on smallholders and women farmers’1 , empowering them and promoting their right to decent work; ___________ 1 Final declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, FAO, 2009

Amendment 23 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2

2. Supports ‘medium and long-term sustainable agricultural, food security, nutrition and rural development programmes to eliminate the root causes of hunger and poverty, including through the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food’ and access to clean water, especially by ‘building capacity, focusing on integrated actions addressing policy, institutions and people, with a special emphasis on smallholders and women farmers’1 ; ___________ 1 Final declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, FAO, 2009.

Amendment 24 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2

2. Supports ‘medium and long-term sustainable agricultural, food security, nutrition and rural development programmes to eliminate the root causes of hunger and poverty, including through the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food’, especially by ‘building capacity, focusing on integrated actions addressing policy, institutions and people, with a special emphasis on smallholders and women farmers’1 ; observes that there is no necessary connection between the theses that 'growth creates jobs' and that 'jobs reduce poverty'; ___________ 1 Final declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, FAO, 2009

Amendment 25 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2

2. Supports ‘medium and long-term sustainable agricultural, food security, nutrition and rural development programmes to eliminate the root causes of hunger and poverty, including through the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food’, especially by ‘building capacity, focusing on integrated actions addressing policy, institutions and people, with a special emphasis on smallholders and women farmers’1 ; stresses that meeting food requirements in developing countries helps to maintain stability and curtail migration trends; ___________ 1 Final declaration of the World Summit on Food Security, FAO, 2009

Amendment 26 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2 a (new)

2 a. Stresses that small-scale farmers, which produce around 70% of the food consumed in Africa, play a crucial role in local livelihoods and are indispensable for inclusive agricultural development and stand to benefit most from direct development aid;

Amendment 27 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2 b (new)

2 b. Stresses that access to agricultural land and use of traditional farming methods by small-scale farmers are seriously endangered by agribusiness investors and their model of agricultural production based on public-private partnerships;

Amendment 28 #

Michel DANTIN, Angélique DELAHAYE

Draft opinion
Paragraph 2 c (new)

2 c. Emphasizes its deep concern regarding the land grabbing carried out by foreign investors which strikes the local small-scale farmers and contributes to local, regional and national food insecurity and poverty;

Amendment 29 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3

3. Recognises the need to shift to sustainable farming, ~~moving away from extractive monocultures that increase~~which limits input dependency and land degradation, including susceptibility to the effects of climate change;

Amendment 3 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

1. ~~Recognise~~Demands that over-reliance on imported food ~~should~~ be replaced by establishing resilient domestic food production, given that climates and markets are increasingly volatile, and that emphasis ~~has~~be shifted from increasing the production of agricultural commodities to enabling countries to feed themselves;

Amendment 30 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3

3. Recognises the need to shift to sustainable ~~farming~~and diversified farming, involving local communities in agricultural activities (farming, processing and marketing), moving away from extractive monocultures that increase input dependency and land degradation, including susceptibility to the effects of climate change;

Amendment 31 #

Paul BRANNEN, Marc TARABELLA

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3

3. Recognises the need to shift to sustainable farming, moving away from intensive farming and extractive monocultures that increase input dependency and land degradation, including susceptibility to the effects of climate change;

Amendment 32 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3

3. Recognises the need to shift to sustainable farming, moving away from extractive monocultures that increase input dependency and land degradation, including susceptibility to the effects of climate change, and are being increasingly phased out in NAFSN donor countries;

Amendment 33 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Recognises a unique value of smallholder family farming which produces 60-70% of the world's food and provides approximately 60% of employment in rural Africa;

Amendment 34 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3a. Calls for local knowledge and local varieties to be taken into account when strategies and action plans are developed, and for natural techniques for the production of seed and propagating material to be applied, in consultation with local communities;

Amendment 35 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Notes the significant potential of resource efficient and long-term agro- ecological approaches based on high species diversity and presence of beneficial species, the spreading of risk and recycling of waste;

Amendment 36 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Notes that such agronomic techniques, boosting natural processes like topsoil formation, water and pest regulation or closed loop nutrient cycling, can assure long-term productivity and fertility at a low cost to farmers and administrations;

Amendment 37 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Advocates a soil based approach; notes that sustainable soil management can produce up to 58% more of the world's food1a . ____________ 1a FAO, Global Soil Partnership

Amendment 38 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Advocates agro-ecological approaches such as permaculture, agro- forestry, rotation and inter-cropping especially using leguminous plants, under-sowing, composting and mulching, in order to increase delivery of ecosystem functions and so raise productivity and fertility in the long term using natural processes;

Amendment 39 #

Michel DANTIN, Angélique DELAHAYE

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Notes the specificities of tropical and semi-arid agriculture that requires many more trees in the system that shade crops and protect soil; notes especially the large demand for firewood; notes in particular the multiple uses of nitrogen fixing trees;

Amendment 4 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

1. Recognises that over-reliance on imported food should be replaced by establishing resilient ~~domestic~~ food production, given that climates and markets are increasingly volatile, and that emphasis ~~has shifted from increasing~~is now equally on the production of agricultural commodities ~~to enabling countries~~and countries' capacity to feed themselves;

Amendment 40 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Notes the synergies between soil and tree based approaches and adapting agro- ecosystems to climate change;

Amendment 41 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Notes the large potential for biological pest control and alternatives to chemical dependency, such as push-pull processes, or natural predators of pests.

Amendment 42 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 b (new)

3 b. Recognises that many small farmers in Africa and the countries of the NAFSN already have low chemical inputs because of the prohibitive cost of agrochemicals, especially pesticides; notes that this may help them leapfrog to agro-ecological approaches.

Amendment 43 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Recognises the consensus in soil science that synthetic fertilisers can reduce natural soil fertility by turning soils acidic and salty, and inhibiting beneficial fungi and nitrogen fixing bacteria in the soil, leading to soil degradation.

Amendment 44 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3 a. Realises that pesticides often not only kill the pest but also beneficial species that can prey on the pests and regulate their populations; Realises that following application, pests and pathogens can come back faster and stronger than beneficial species, meaning an over- simplified agro-ecosystem may be susceptible to further attacks; therefore cautions against increasing chemical dependency which reduces agro- ecosystem functioning;

Amendment 45 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 3 d (new)

3 d. Notes that agrochemicals can be both over-used and inappropriately used in developing countries such as those participating in the NAFSN; notes that this is compounded by illiteracy and lack of appropriate training, and can result in significantly elevated levels of pesticide residues in fresh fruit and vegetables, as well as poisoning and other effects on human health for farmers and their families.

Amendment 46 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 4

4. Affirms that nutrition should be at the heart of (re-)building food systems; recognises the role of access to water, both for drinking water and farming needs, in improving soil productivity and fertilisation; recalls that energy intake alone cannot be used to indicate nutritional status;

Amendment 47 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 4 a (new)

4 a. Stresses that millions of people in Africa, especially children, are suffering from hunger and malnutrition, which are the main causes of human mortality in the continent;

Amendment 48 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 4 a (new)

4a. Strongly deplores the large-scale concentration of land ownership, which has implications for agricultural production and consequently pushes up food prices.

Amendment 49 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 4 a (new)

4a. Emphasises, therefore, that high- quality, balanced nutrition is essential; points out that, in addition to land grabbing and climate change, hunger is one of the main reasons which drives people to flee their homes;

Amendment 5 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

1. Recognises that over-reliance on imported food should be replaced by establishing resilient domestic food production, given that climates and markets are increasingly volatile, and that the emphasis ~~has shifted from~~placed on increasing both the production of agricultural commodities ~~to enabling countries to feed themselve~~and world-wide trade in them under free- trade agreements has undermined the capacity of countries to feed themselves and excluded farmers from markets;

Amendment 50 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 4 b (new)

4 b. Calls for a development of new tailor- made agricultural and food policies that respond to the interest of the whole of society aiming to eradicate hunger and malnutrition;

Amendment 51 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5

5. ~~Welcomes~~It is concerned that the NAFSN’'s commitment to food security~~, but is concerned that the means used are based on outdated models of agricultural development;~~ might be beneficial to big businesses rather than to the small-scale family farmers and it is likely to increase poverty and inequality in Africa; stresses that the NAFSN's commitment to food security must first and foremost benefit small-scale farmers;

Amendment 52 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5

5. ~~Welcomes~~Expresses unease at the NAFSN’s commitment to food security, ~~but~~given that the new Alliance is built on the premise that more production and growth through investment in cooperation frameworks will resolve the problem of hunger and malnutrition in Africa, and is concerned that the means used are based on outdated models of agricultural development;

Amendment 53 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5

5. Welcomes the NAFSN’s commitment to food security, but is concerned that the means used ~~are based on outdated models of agricultural development~~deprive African States of tax revenue which would enable them to increase public investment in agriculture, which is vital to efforts to combat food and nutrition insecurity;

Amendment 54 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5

5. Welcomes the NAFSN’s commitment to food security, but is concerned that the means used are based on outdated models of agricultural development which increase the risk that small farmers will become dependent on big businesses; stresses in this context also the problem of food wastage and the need to reduce it throughout the food supply chain, from production to consumption;

Amendment 55 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5

5. Welcomes the NAFSN’s commitment to food security, but is concerned that the means used are based on outdated models of agricultural development and an unequal balance of power;

Amendment 56 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 a (new)

5a. Points out that the decision-making process in the cooperation frameworks did not involve all the stakeholders, in particular rural communities, farm workers, small farmers, fishers, indigenous peoples and women, inter alia, and disregarded their right to participate;

Amendment 57 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 a (new)

5 a. Welcomes the EU's commitment to end dumping practices for agricultural products, and the recent announcement by the WTO in the Nairobi Ministerial Conference to eliminate all forms of export subsidies

Amendment 58 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 a (new)

5 a. Stresses the dangers of excessive deregulation of land ownership and the seed sector in participating countries which are likely to lead to an overdependence by smallholders on seeds and plant protection products manufactured by foreign companies;

Amendment 59 #

Peter JAHR, Albert DESS, Norbert LINS, Jens GIESEKE

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 a (new)

5a. Stresses that the NAFSN must lead to the establishment of a regionally adapted agricultural structure in the primary and processing stages;

Amendment 6 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

1. Recognises that over-reliance on imported food should be replaced by establishing resilient domestic food production, ~~given~~prioritising local crops which meet nutritional requirements and taking into account the fact that climates and markets are increasingly volatile, and that emphasis has shifted from increasing the production of agricultural commodities to enabling countries to feed themselves;

Amendment 60 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 b (new)

5b. Maintains that African states should be treated as partners in this Alliance, rather than being seen merely as service providers that reduce the 'risks and uncertainties" for private investors;

Amendment 61 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 b (new)

5 b. Deplores the overreliance on the production of agricultural commodities, in particular agrofuel feedstocks, in initiatives financed by the NAFSN since production of these commodities can have detrimental impacts on food security and the food sovereignty of participating countries;

Amendment 62 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 b (new)

5 b. Calls for increased outreach and implementation of the desired NAFSN objectives by investing in education and training that includes agricultural extension services and that has an emphasis on community-oriented participative approaches, covering nutrition, land tenure, rights, agro- forestry and low input sustainable agriculture.

Amendment 63 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 c (new)

5c. Condemns the imposition of slanted agricultural policies at the service of multinational companies; likewise condemns the fact that, if the cooperation frameworks are implemented, they will be concerned almost exclusively with the interests and needs of these corporations (which are seen as the key partners in this Alliance), to the detriment of the groups of people most affected by hunger and malnutrition, small farmers;

Amendment 64 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 c (new)

5 c. Notes the G20 report of 2011 which stresses that tax-driven investment may prove transitory; recalls that numerous investor motivation surveys have shown a neutral or negative impact of special tax incentives on their decisions to invest 1a ___________ 1a World Bank survey in East Africa, OECD in SE Europe

Amendment 65 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 d (new)

5 d. Notes that tax incentives including exemption from company tax in Special Economic Areas are sapping tax revenues, which could have been a source of vital public investment in nutrition programmes 1a ___________ 1a "Supporting the development of more effective tax systems" – a report to the G20 working group by the IMF, OECD, and World Bank, 2011

Amendment 66 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 5 e (new)

5 e. Regrets that the only indicator common to the 10 cooperation frameworks within the New Alliance is the World Bank's 'Doing Business' index, which has been criticised for contributing to tax competition, as countries compete to modify their legislation to favour foreign investors over the local population.

Amendment 67 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1

- implement the FAO 2004 Voluntary Guidelines to support the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food in the context of national food security and make them binding on all actors concerned; apply the FAO 2014 Principles for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems, and ensure compliance with the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights; undertake annual evaluations of Country Cooperation Framework (CCF) implementation to check whether commitments have been fulfilled,

Amendment 68 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1

- implement the FAO 2004 Voluntary Guidelines to support the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food in the context of national food security and the FAO 2014 Principles for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems, and ensure compliance with the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights; ~~undertake annual evaluations of Country Cooperation Framework (CCF) implementation to check whether commitments have been fulfilled,~~

Amendment 69 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 a (new)

- ensure adequate levels of public investment so as to guarantee lasting, sustainable and inclusive solutions;

Amendment 7 #

Peter JAHR, Albert DESS, Norbert LINS, Jens GIESEKE

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

Amendment 70 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 a (new)

- develop policies that support sustainable agriculture, including by moving towards more diverse farming systems managed according to the principles of agroecology, including agroforestry,

Amendment 71 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 a (new)

- base all action on the interests and potential of domestic small farmers;

Amendment 72 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 a (new)

- step up the creation of multi-actor platforms (small farmers' organisations, the communities concerned, representatives of organised civil society) and ensure that local actors are fully involved in implementing the programme; step up the creation of multi-actor platforms (small farmers' organisations, the communities concerned, representatives of organised civil society) and ensure that local actors are fully involved in implementing the programme;

Amendment 73 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 a (new)

- undertake , as part of the country progress reports, annual evaluations of Country Cooperation Framework (CCF) implementation to check whether commitments have been fulfilled, to ensure that they go beyond quality of investments and also assess quality of development impact, covering targets on women's rights and smallholder uptake, balanced and healthy nutrition and resilience of food supply, and also to publish those results.

Amendment 74 #

John Stuart AGNEW

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 a (new)

- adopt policies that promote responsible trade and commit to eliminating tariff barriers that act as a disincentive to African countries adding value to raw produce locally,

Amendment 75 #

John Stuart AGNEW

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 a (new)

- promote agro-ecology and integrated pest management, but enable African farmers to access innovative biotechnology solutions to African- specific agronomic challenges, thus reducing reliance on agro-chemical inputs, without fear of loss of access to export markets;

Amendment 76 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 1 b (new)

- prevent measures that would have the effect of obstructing access to adequate nutrition and food, in particular measures that would prevent people's access to and use of resources and inputs that guarantee their survival;

Amendment 77 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2

- monitor land titling and certification schemes to ensure that they protect the interests of ~~smallholder~~family farmers and do not concentrate land ownership or dispossess communities of the resources they rely upon; enact measures against land grabbing, corruption based on land transfer and the use of land for speculative investment,

Amendment 78 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2

- monitor land titling and certification schemes to ensure that they are transparent and non-binding, protect the interests of smallholder farmers, involving them in this process, and do not concentrate land ownership or dispossess communities of the resources they rely upon; enact measures against land grabbing, corruption based on land transfer and the use of land for speculative investment,

Amendment 79 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2

- monitor land titling and certification schemes to ensure that they protect the interests of smallholder farmers and do not concentrate land ownership or dispossess communities of the resources they rely upon; create conditions in which landowners could be compelled to develop agricultural activities on the land they own; enact measures against land grabbing, corruption based on land transfer and the use of land for speculative investment,

Amendment 8 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

1. Recognises that over-reliance on imported food should be replaced by establishing resilient domestic food production, given that climates and markets are increasingly volatile, and that emphasis has shifted from increasing the production of agricultural commodities to enabling countries to feed themselves, using this self-sufficiency to reduce hunger among their citizens, ensuring better living conditions and guaranteeing food security; considers that export can be considered only once these aims have been achieved;

Amendment 80 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2

- monitor land titling and certification schemes to ensure that they protect the interests of smallholder farmers and do not concentrate land ownership or dispossess communities of the resources they rely upon; enact binding national measures against land grabbing, corruption based on land transfer and the use of land for speculative investment,

Amendment 81 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2 a (new)

- improve access to land for small farmers in general and those who are women in particular; also secure access to water in this connection;

Amendment 82 #

Paul BRANNEN, Marc TARABELLA

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2 a (new)

- ensure a human rights based approach to land titling by adopting and implementing the UN Voluntary Guidelines on Land Tenure;

Amendment 83 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2 a (new)

- fully implement FAO 2012 Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security,

Amendment 84 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2 a (new)

- consult domestic stakeholders and establish a cooperation with domestic farmers and local communities, local authorities and civil society organisations to tackle food insecurity and improve their livelihoods,

Amendment 85 #

Paul BRANNEN, Marc TARABELLA

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2 a (new)

- ensure that small farmers have clearly defined rights of access to land and that they benefit fully from development;

Amendment 86 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2 b (new)

- properly consult pastoralists while considering investments financed by NAFSN in order to avoid land conflicts and to optimise the use of communal land,

Amendment 87 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 2 b (new)

- bring about the necessary conditions to ensure that markets remunerate family farmers and small farmers better;

Amendment 88 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 3

- usencourage participatory processes to design model contract farming schemes, geared to the needs of local communities, and support cooperatives that strengthen farmers’ bargaining positions, through the sharing of knowledge and European best practice,

Amendment 89 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 3

- use participatory processes to promote the establishment of producer organisations, design model contract farming schemes and support cooperatives that strengthen farmers’ bargaining positions,

Amendment 9 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 1

1. Recognises that over-reliance on imported food should be replaced by establishing resilient domestic food production, given that climates and markets are increasingly volatile, and that emphasis has shifted from increasing the production of agricultural commodities to enabling countries to feed themselves; recalls the advantages of a sustainable regional supply chain to improve self- sufficiency;

Amendment 90 #

Michel DANTIN, Angélique DELAHAYE

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 3

- use participatory processes to design model contract farming schemes and support cooperatives and producer organisations that strengthen farmers’ bargaining positions,

Amendment 91 #

Beata GOSIEWSKA

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 3

- use participatory processes to design model contract farming schemes and support cooperatives that strengthen small farmers’ bargaining positions,

Amendment 92 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 4

- give farmers the option of avoiding input dependency and support farmers’ seed systems in order to maintain and improve agro-biodiversity through local seed banks, exchanges and continuous development of local seed varieties, specifically providing flexibility on seed catalogues so as not to exclude farmers’ varieties,deleted

Amendment 93 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 4

- give farmers the option of avoiding ~~input~~ dependency ~~and support farmers’ seed system~~on all kinds of agricultural inputs and, to this end, support informal systems for seed produced by farmers in order to maintain and improve agro- biodiversity through local seed banks, exchanges and continuous development of local seed varieties, specifically providing flexibility on seed catalogues, which should be purely indicative, so as not to exclude from the market farmers’ varieties, ; recalls in this context that the seed made available to farmers is very expensive seed, developed by commercial companies seeking profits and new markets;

Amendment 94 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 4

Amendment 95 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 4 a (new)

- develop local and regional short food supply chains which are most effective in combating hunger and rural poverty,

Amendment 96 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 4 a (new)

- put an end to the extremely slanted nature of the current cooperation frameworks under the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition, geared to intensive agriculture based on the trade in farm inputs and seeds, which increases the discrimination suffered by local seed exchange schemes that are a key source and ensure access to these goods for rural communities, particularly for poor farmers;

Amendment 97 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 4 b (new)

- avoid defining the nutritional dimension of food production in simplistic terms disregarding the fact that food security and nutrition means (continuing) access to a varied and wholesome diet, in terms of quality, quantity, and variety and not reduced purely to calorie intake,

Amendment 98 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5

- encourage a wide variety of food crops to improve nutrition, including fruit and vegetables~~, to improve nutrition,~~ and nuts, in addition to staples such as maize, rice or wheat;

Amendment 99 #

Draft opinion
Paragraph 6 – indent 5

- encourage a wide variety of local and seasonal food crops, including fruit and vegetables, to improve nutrition,

source: 576.821

2016/02/24 DEVE 115 amendments...

Amendment 1 #

Motion for a resolution
Citation 34 a (new)

– having regard to the Declaration of the Global Convergence of Land and Water Struggles, delivered at the World Social Forum in Tunis, in March 20151a; __________________ 1a http://viacampesina.org/en/index.php/mai n-issues-mainmenu-27/agrarian-reform- mainmenu-36/1775-declaration-of-the- global-convergence-of-land-and-water- struggles

Amendment 10 #

Maurice PONGA

Motion for a resolution
Recital B a (new)

Ba. whereas private investment under NAFSN has reached over 8.2 million smallholders and created more than 21 000 jobs, more than half of which are for women;

Amendment 100 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 21 b (new)

21b. Stresses the risk of increased marginalisation of women in decision making, resulting from the development of certain commercial crops; notes that agricultural training often targets men and tend to side-line women, who therefore find themselves excluded from the management of land and crops that they looked after traditionally;

Amendment 101 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 22

22. Regrets that the CCFs largely fail to define precise commitments on gender budgeting or monitor progress through disaggregated data; stresses the need to move from abstract and general commitments to concrete and precise ones in the remit of national action plan to empower women as rights-holders;

Amendment 102 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24

24. Stresses the need to ensure the transparency of all funding granted to private sector companies and that such funding must be made public in accordance with the applicable law;

Amendment 103 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 24 a (new)

24a. Recalls the need to promote alternatives for the provision of public services and infrastructure to support rural communities and local markets;

Amendment 104 #

Paavo VÄYRYNEN

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25 a (new)

25a. Calls on donors to direct their support for developing agriculture primarily through national development funds which grant subsidies and loans to smallholders and family farming;

Amendment 105 #

Paavo VÄYRYNEN

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25 b (new)

25b. Urges donors to support education, training and technical counselling of farmers;

Amendment 106 #

Paavo VÄYRYNEN

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 25 c (new)

25c. Calls on donors to promote the forming of professional and economic organizations of farmers and to support the establishment of farmers' co- operatives, which enable the delivery of affordable means of production and help the farmers to process and market their products in a way which safeguards the profitability of their production;

Amendment 107 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26

26. Believes that the funding provided by G8 member states to NAFSN contravenes the objective of supporting domestic local companies which cannot compete with multinationals that already benefit from a dominant market position and are often granted business, tariff and tax privileges;deleted

Amendment 108 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 26

26. Believes that the funding provided by G8 member states to NAFSN must not contravenes the objective of supporting domestic local companies ~~which cannot compete with multinationals that already benefit from a dominant market position and are often granted business, tariff and tax privileges~~;

Amendment 109 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 27

27. Recalls that the purpose of development aid should serve the goal of poverty reduction, not the interests of EU trade policy; believes that ODA should focus on direct support to small-scale farming, rather than on co- investments with large companies based in donor countriesis to reduce, and ultimately to eradicate, poverty; believes that ODA should focus on direct support to small-scale farming;

Amendment 11 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital B b (new)

Bb. whereas the food crisis of 2008 generated a universal recognition of the need to support smallholder food production for domestic markets;

Amendment 110 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28

28. Stresses the need to revitalise public investment in African agriculture, while providing support for private investment, and to prioritise investment in agro- ecology, so as to sustainably increase food security and ~~food sovereignty and~~ reduce poverty and hunger while conserving biodiversity and respecting indigenous knowledge and innovation;

Amendment 111 #

Stelios KOULOGLOU

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28

28. Stresses the need to revitalise public investment in African agriculture and to prioritise investment in agro-ecology, and humane and extensive animal farming, so as to sustainably increase food security and food sovereignty and reduce poverty and hunger while conserving biodiversity and respecting indigenous knowledge and innovation;

Amendment 112 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 28 a (new)

28a. Stresses that G7 Member States should guarantee African countries the right to protect their agricultural sector through tariff and tax regimes that favour family and smallholder farming;

Amendment 113 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29

29. Calls on the EU to ~~withdraw its~~continue to support to NAFSN a~~s long a~~nd address the deficiencies outlined above ~~are not duly addressed~~;

Amendment 114 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29

29. Calls on the EU to ~~withdraw its support to NAFSN as long as the~~seek and ensure that all NAFSN deficiencies outlined above are ~~not~~ duly addressed;

Amendment 115 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 29

29. Calls on the EU to ~~withdraw its support to NAFSN as long as the deficiencies outlined above are not duly addressed~~enhance the transparency and improve the governance of NAFSN and to seek to ensure that action taken under the Alliance is consistent with development policy goals;

Amendment 12 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital B c (new)

Bc. whereas the launch of structural adjustment programmes in the early 1980s contributed to the development of an export-led agriculture, where priority was given to increase the production of cash crops for global markets; whereas such choice favoured large-scale, highly capitalised and mechanised forms of production, while small-scale farming was comparatively neglected;

Amendment 13 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital B d (new)

Bd. whereas international markets will be more volatile in the future; whereas countries should not take the risk of being excessively dependent on imports but rather invest primarily in domestic food production to build resilience;

Amendment 14 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital C

~~C. whereas family farmers and smallholders have been largely excluded from NASFN;~~deleted

Amendment 15 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital C

C. whereas ~~family farmers and smallholders have been largely excluded from NASFN;~~a human-rights based approach requires a high degree of participation by communities, civil society, minorities, women, etc. in the decision making process; whereas family farmers and smallholders have been largely excluded from NASFN; whereas women represent up to 50% of family farmers in SSA[1]; [1]The State of Food and Agriculture. Women in Agriculture. Closing the gender gap for development, FAO (2011). http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/i2050e/i20 50e.pdf,

Amendment 16 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital C

C. whereas family farmers and smallholders ~~have been largely excluded from~~must be at the heart of NASFN;

Amendment 17 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital C a (new)

Ca. whereas food security in developing countries largely depends on the sustainable use of natural resources;

Amendment 18 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital D

D. whereas so-called ‘growth poles’ aim to attract international investors by making land available to large private companies, and whereas this must not be done at the expense of family farmers;

Amendment 19 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital D a (new)

Da. whereas the agreements on NASFN do not contain any concrete indicator on hunger and malnutrition;

Amendment 2 #

Motion for a resolution
Citation 35 a (new)

– having regard to the African Civil Society Demands for the Inclusion of Food Sovereignty and the Right to Food in the Germany G7 Presidency Agenda in June 20151a; __________________ 1ahttp://afsafrica.org/wp- content/uploads/2015/05/AFSA- Demands-to-the-Germany-G7- Presidency-Agenda.pdf

Amendment 20 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital D b (new)

Db. whereas family farmers and smallholders have demonstrated their ability to provide diversified products and to increase food production sustainably, through the use of agro-ecological practices;

Amendment 21 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital E a (new)

Ea. whereas agriculture accounts for at least 14% of the total annual greenhouse gas emissions, mostly due to the use of nitrogen fertilizers;

Amendment 22 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital F

~~F. whereas different forms of land tenure exist (customary, public and private), but NAFSN almost exclusively refers to land titling to address tenure rights;~~deleted

Amendment 23 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital F

F. whereas different forms of land tenure exist (customary, public and private)~~, but NAFSN almost exclusively refers to land titling to address tenure rights~~;

Amendment 24 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital F a (new)

Fa. whereas, by 2050, 70% of the world's population will live in cities and a combined global and local approach to nutrition will be more necessary than ever before;

Amendment 25 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital G

G. whereas land titling ~~does not~~ guarantees protection from land expropriation and resettlement~~, while the evidence suggests that titling schemes often increase inequalitie~~ and it is an important feature for ensuring legal land rights, irrespective of whether they are customary rights or non-customary rights;

Amendment 26 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital G

G. whereas land titling ~~doe~~is not the only guarantee ~~protection from~~against land expropriation and resettlement~~, while the evidence suggests that titling schemes often increase inequalities~~;

Amendment 27 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital G a (new)

Ga. whereas gender is a very important dimension of investment in agriculture in Africa; whereas rural women have long been discriminated in their access to a range of productive resources, including land, credit, inputs and services;

Amendment 28 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital G b (new)

Gb. whereas until recently, support provided to agriculture has concentrated on male-managed export crops, leaving women largely in charge of handling the task of producing food for the sustenance of the family;

Amendment 29 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital G c (new)

Gc. whereas FAO estimates that about 75 % of plant genetic diversity has been lost worldwide; whereas wide-scale genetic erosion increases our vulnerability to climate change and to the appearance of new pests and diseases;

Amendment 3 #

Motion for a resolution
Citation 35 a (new)

– having regard to the Milan Charter 1 a, which was presented at Expo 2015 under the theme Feeding the Planet, Energy for Life and signed by more than one million heads of state, governments and private individuals and which calls on all associations, businesses, national and international institutions and private individuals to take responsibility for ensuring that future generations may enjoy their right to food and includes binding commitments to guarantee that right throughout the world, __________________ 1ahttp://carta.milano.it/wp- content/uploads/2015/04/English_version _Milan_Charter.pdf

Amendment 30 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital G d (new)

Gd. whereas control, ownership and affordability of seeds are essential to food security resilience of poor farmers;

Amendment 31 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas improvements in nutrition gaps in Africa are central to the sustainable development agenda; whereas poor nutrition derives from a host of interacting processes that link health care, education, sanitation and hygiene, access to resources, women's empowerment and more;

Amendment 32 #

Enrique GUERRERO SALOM, Patrizia TOIA, Pedro SILVA PEREIRA

Motion for a resolution
Recital H b (new)

Hb. whereas commitments taken under the CCF on regulatory reforms in the seed sector aim to strengthen plant breeder's rights at the expense of the current farmers' seed systems on which poorest farmers still largely rely upon;

Amendment 33 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 1

1. Notes that several CCFs focus on the development of special economic areas with the goal of maximising investments through initiatives ranging from road or energy infrastructure to tax, customs or land tenure regimes; stresses the need also to improve and ensure focus on access to water , scaling up Nutrition-Education and sharing best practice strategies;

Amendment 34 #

Enrique GUERRERO SALOM, Patrizia TOIA, Pedro SILVA PEREIRA

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2

2. Observes that agricultural investment policies tend to encourage large-scale land acquisitions and focus on export-oriented agriculture that is usually unrelated to local economies; accordingly, questions the ability of mega-PPPs to contribute to poverty reduction and food security; recalls that the FAO Tenure Guidelines recommend to secure access to land to allow families to produce food for household consumption and to increase household income; stresses the need to base large-scale land based investment in Africa on these guidelines, ensuring smallholder and local communities' access to land, promoting local SME investment and ensuring that PPPs contribute to food security and to reducing poverty and inequality;

Amendment 35 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2

2. ~~Observ~~Emphasises that agricultural investment policies ~~tend to~~should not only encourage large- scale land acquisitions ~~and~~, nor focus solely on export-oriented agriculture ~~that is usually unrelated to local economies; accordingly, questions the ability of mega-PPPs to contribute to poverty reduction and food security~~, but should be linked and support the development of the local economy; stresses the need to support smallholders and their families under NAFSN;

Amendment 36 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2

2. Observes that agricultural investment policies ~~tend to encourage~~at times witness large-scale land acquisitions and focus on export-oriented agriculture ~~that is usually unrelated to local economies; accordingly, questions the ability of mega-PPPs to contribute to poverty reduction and food security~~;

Amendment 37 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 2 a (new)

2a. Deplores the lack of consultation of African CSOs in the launch of the NAFSN; stresses that participation of food-insecure groups in the policies that affect them should become the cornerstone of all food security policies;

Amendment 38 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3

3. Notes with concern that NAFSN promotes intensive agriculture that heavily relies on chemical fertilisers and hybrid seeds, with consequences affecting local communities such as soil erosion, ecological and health risks and biodiversity loss; notes equally that the development of extensive irrigation in the targeted geographical investment areas may reduce water availability for other users, such as small-scale farmers or pastoralists;

Amendment 39 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3

3. ~~Notes with concern that NAFSN promotes intensive agriculture that heavily relies~~Stresses that NAFSN must restrict, as far as possible, the use onf chemical fertilisers and hybrid seeds~~, with~~ that may have health and environmental consequences ~~affecting~~for local communities, such as ~~soil~~ biodiverosi~~on, ecological and health risks and biodiv~~ty loss and soil erosi~~ty loss~~on;

Amendment 4 #

Motion for a resolution
Citation 35 b (new)

– having regard to the fact that the UN Committee on World Food Security is the adequate forum for agreement to policy guidance on this issue internationally and it is in this forum that all concerned parties have a voice;

Amendment 40 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3

3. ~~Notes with concern that NAFSN promotes inten~~Points out that NAFSN has made a commitment to promoting inclusive, agriculture ~~that heavily relies on chemi~~-based growth that supports small-scale f~~ertilisers and hybrid seeds, with consequences affecting local communities such as soil erosion, ecological and health risks and biodiversity loss~~arming and helps reduce poverty, hunger and under-nutrition;

Amendment 41 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 a (new)

3a. Criticizes the assumption under which corporate investment in agriculture automatically improve food and security nutrition and reduce poverty;

Amendment 42 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 3 b (new)

3b. Calls on governments and donors to suspend or review all policies, projects and consultancy arrangements that directly encourage and facilitate land grabbing by supporting highly harmful projects and investments or indirectly increase pressure on land and natural resources and can result in serious human rights violations; calls for support to be given instead to policies which protect and assign priority to small-scale food producers, particularly women, and promote the sustainable use of land;

Amendment 43 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 a (new)

4a. Stresses that the expansion of large- scale agricultural production through mega-PPPs in areas of high-carbon stock, such as peat land or forests can contribute to climate change;

Amendment 44 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 4 b (new)

4b. Notes with concern that in Malawi NAFSN promotes the expansion of tobacco production instead of supporting alternative livelihoods in accordance with obligations under the World Health Organisation Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) of 2005 and commitments made in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development;

Amendment 45 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5

5. Urges the EU Member States to strive to transform NAFSN into a genuine tool for sustainable development and into an instrument of support for family farming and local economies in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), recalling that family farmers and smallholders produce about 80 % of the world’s food and provide over 60 % of employment in SSA;

Amendment 46 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 5 a (new)

5a. Notes with concern that CCFs refer only selectively to international standards that define responsible investment in agriculture; and that they neither refer to the FAO 2004 Voluntary Guidelines to support the progressive realisation of the right to adequate food in the context of national food security nor to any duties of the private investors to respect human rights;

Amendment 47 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6

6. ~~Calls on~~Draws attention to the commitment made by the parties to NAFSN to incorporate the FAO’s ‘Voluntary Guidelines to support the progressive realization of the right to adequate food in the context of national food security’, and calls on the parties to NAFSN to commit to implementing international standards that define responsible investment in agriculture, and to abide by the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and the OECD’s Guidelines on Multinational Enterprises;

Amendment 48 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Stresses that NAFSN must step up good governance as regards natural resources, in particular by guaranteeing that people have access to their own resources and by protecting their rights in the context of contracts on deals relating to natural resources;

Amendment 49 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6 b (new)

6b. Calls for the EU to work with the United Nations towards the adoption by all countries, on a binding basis, of the Milan Charter and the commitments it contains;

Amendment 5 #

Motion for a resolution
Citation 35 b (new)

– having regard to the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact of 15 October 20151 a put forward by Milan City Council and signed by 113 cities around the world, which was submitted to the United Nations Secretary-General, Ban Ki Moon, and illustrates the key role played by cities in food policy making, __________________ 1ahttp://www.foodpolicymilano.org/wp- content/uploads/2015/10/Milan-Urban- Food-Policy-Pact-EN.pdf

Amendment 50 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6 c (new)

6c. Emphasises how important water regulation and combating climate change are for sustainable agriculture; calls on all NAFSN partners to focus on improving access to water and to techniques involving irrigation and stepping up environmental protection and soil conservation;

Amendment 51 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 6 d (new)

6d. Calls for the EU to work with the United Nations towards the adoption and dissemination of the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact;

Amendment 52 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7

7. Calls on the participating countries to continue to implement the policy reforms they signed up to under the New Alliance framework, as evidence highlights that some of the most difficult to implement reforms concern exactly the areas which The New Alliance itself is criticised for disregarding, such as land and resource rights, nutrition reforms, gender discrimination, access to financial instruments and insurance policies; calls on the participating countries to also commit to implementing international standards that regulate investment via a human-rights based approach, including the AU’s Framework and Guidelines on Land Policy in Africa and its Guiding Principles on Large Scale Based Investments in Africa;

Amendment 53 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 7 a (new)

7a. Stresses that NAFSN must encourage the establishment of processing industries in the agriculture sector and the improvement of food storage techniques, and must strengthen the link between agriculture and trade;

Amendment 54 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 8

8. Calls for all letters of intent within the CCFs to be published in full, in accordance with the applicable law; stresses the need for strong institutional and legal frameworks to ensure a fair sharing of risks and benefits; ~~calls for the revis~~emphasises that active participation ofn the ~~CCFs to involve civil society organisations, farmers and end-users in order to sufficiently monitor~~part of civil society within NAFSN is crucial in order to step up transparency and ensure its objectives are met; points out that dialogue and ~~reg~~consultat~~e PPPs~~ion with all civil society groups must be encouraged;

Amendment 55 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9

9. Deems that mega-PPPs are inherently risky in Sub-Sahara African countries, where governance is poor and provides opportunities for corruption; Stresses that private companies involved in multilateral development initiatives should be accountable for their actions; calls on the parties to NAFSN, to this end, to set up aindependent and strict accountability mechanism, including an appeal mechanism for local people and communities;

Amendment 56 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9

9. Stresses that private companies involved in multilateral development initiatives should be accountable for their actions; calls on the parties to NAFSN, to this end, to s~~et up a strict accountability mechanism, including~~ubmit annual reports on the action taken under NAFSN and to make those reports public and a~~ppeal mechanism for~~ccessible to local people and communities;

Amendment 57 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9

9. Stresses that private companies involved in multilateral development initiatives should be accountable for their actions; calls on the parties to NAFSN, to this end, to set up a ~~strict~~n accountability mechanism, including an appeal mechanism for local people and communities;

Amendment 58 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 a (new)

9a. Notes that multinationals operating under the NAFSN favour large-scale contract farming, which risks marginalising small-scale producers; calls on the ten African states in the NAFSN to ensure that contract farming benefit both buyers and local suppliers; to this end, deems crucial to strengthen i.e. farmers' organisations so as to improve the bargaining position of farmers;

Amendment 59 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 9 b (new)

9b. Highlights that the private sector is already driving 90% of jobs in partner countries and the potential for private sector participation is undeniable, as they are ideally suited to providing a sustainable base for mobilising domestic resources, which forms the basis of any aid program; underlines the importance of a transparent regulatory framework that clearly establishes the rights and obligations of all actors, including those of poor farmers and vulnerable groups, without which these rights cannot be successfully protected;

Amendment 6 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital A

A. whereas the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition in Africa (NAFSN) aims to ~~engage private partners to invest in Afric~~improve food security and nutrition by helping 50 million people in Sub-Saharan agAfric~~ulture~~a out of poverty by 2020; whereas the participating countries have negotiated Country Cooperation Frameworks (CCFs) setting out commitments to facilitate private investment in the agriculture sector in Africa;

Amendment 60 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10

10. Calls ~~for~~on the ~~CCFs to be revised so as to effectively tackle the risks of contract farming and out-grower schemes for small-scale producers by ensuring~~parties to NAFSN to promote, in cooperation forums, the adoption of fair contract provisions, including pricing arrangements, and appropriate dispute settlement mechanisms;

Amendment 61 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10

10. Calls for the CCFs to be revised so as to effectively tackle the risks of contract farming and out-grower schemes for small- scale producers by ensuring fair contract provisions, including pricing arrangements, respect for women's rights, support to sustainable agriculture and appropriate dispute settlement mechanisms;

Amendment 62 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11

11. Warns that a pure focus on land titling often leads to insecurity for small- scale food producers and indigenous people, especially women, who lack legal recognition of their land rights and are vulnerable to unfair land deals, expropriation without consent or lack of fair compensation;deleted

Amendment 63 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11

11. ~~Warns that a pure focus on land titling often leads to insecurit~~Stresses that formal land titling is not a matter of destabilising customary arrangements, but on the contrary, of enforcing them as tenure security, especially for small- scale food producers, women and indigenous people, ~~especially women, who~~who, under traditional arrangements lack legal recognition of their land rights and are vulnerable to unfair land deals, expropriation without consent or lack of fair compensation;

Amendment 64 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Underlines the need to have small- scale food producers at leading positions, allowing their own independent organizations to support them in controlling their land, natural resources and programs;

Amendment 65 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11 b (new)

11b. Notes with concern that investors and local elites involved in land deals often describe the areas being targeted as "empty", "idle" or "under-utilised", yet very little land in Africa is truly idle, given i.e. pastoralist activities;

Amendment 66 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 11 c (new)

11c. Highlights that 1.2 billion people still live either without permanent access to land, or occupying property for which they have no formal claim, no legal titles, no surveys delineating their lands and no legal or financial means of turning property into capital;

Amendment 67 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12

12. Welcomes the inclusion in all CCFs of the 2012 Voluntary Guidelines on Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests (VGGT); calls for the effective implementation and systematic assessment of compliance with the VGGT and with the SDG framework within the review process for the CCFs;

Amendment 68 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 12 a (new)

12a. Stresses that NAFSAN should focus on combating land grabbing, which constitutes a human rights violation as it deprives local communities of land on which they depend to produce food and feed their families; points out that in a number of developing countries land grabbing has deprived people of their work and their means of subsistence and forced them to leave their homes;

Amendment 69 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13

13. Calls on African countries to recognise all legitimate rights to land, including customary tenure rights; and as recommended by the VGGT , calls to promote new laws and/or effectively enforce existing laws that put effective safeguards to large-scale land transactions, such as ceilings on permissible land transactions and ensure regulating how transfers exceeding a certain scale should be approved by national parliaments;

Amendment 7 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital A a (new)

Aa. whereas investment in small-scale farming has been neglected over the last thirty years in Africa, while low-income countries' dependence on food import grew significantly, rendering them vulnerable to price variations on international markets;

Amendment 70 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13

13. Calls on African countries to ~~recognise all legitimate rights to land, including customary t~~make every effort to adopt the laws required in order to ensure legal certainty over land rights;

Amendment 71 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13

13. Calls on African countries to recognise all legitimate rights to land, including informal, indigenous and customary tenure rights;

Amendment 72 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13 a (new)

13a. Calls on the governments of the countries concerned to ensure that the principle of free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) is observed for all communities affected by land grabbing and that consultations are held in order to ensure the equal participation of all local community groups, in particular those that are most vulnerable and marginalised;

Amendment 73 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 13 b (new)

13b. Recalls equally that user rights derived from customary tenure should be recognised and protected by a legal system in line with the provisions and rulings of the African Commission on Human and People's Rights;

Amendment 74 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14

14. ~~Calls for NAFSN to be subject to an ex ante impact study regarding land rights and to be conditional on the free, prior and informed consent of the local people affected~~Suggests, in this connection, that NAFSN should conduct an ex ante impact study in order to ascertain what effect the investment projected to take place under the Alliance will have on land rights;

Amendment 75 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 a (new)

14a. Supports a robust and innovative monitoring mechanism within the CFS; calls on the EU to build a strong position, in consultation with Civil Society organizations, in order to contribute to the global monitoring event during the 43rd CFS session in October 2016, in order to ensure a comprehensive and thorough assessment of the use and application of the Tenure Guidelines;

Amendment 76 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 b (new)

14b. Calls on the governments of the countries concerned to ensure that firms carefully analyse the impact of their activities on human rights (due diligence) by conducting and publishing independent prior assessments of their impact on human, social and environmental rights and improving and ensuring access to domestic human rights complaints processes that are independent, transparent, reliable and appealable;

Amendment 77 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 c (new)

14c. Calls on parties to NAFSN to put in place independent grievance mechanisms for those communities affected by land dispossession as a result of large-scale investment projects;

Amendment 78 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 14 d (new)

14d. Recalls that combatting malnutrition requires a close linking of agriculture, food and public health sectors;

Amendment 79 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 a (new)

15a. Recalls the need to make all efforts to achieve improved nutrition, food security and to combat hunger as embedded in the SDG 2; insists on better support for empowering farmers' cooperatives which are key for agriculture development and food security;

Amendment 8 #

Motion for a resolution
Recital B

~~B. whereas large public-private partnerships (PPPs) risk creating dominant positions for large agricultural companies in African agriculture which crowd out local businesses;~~deleted

Amendment 80 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 15 b (new)

15b. Supports the development of policies conducive to sustainable family farming and to encourage governments to establish enabling environment (conducive policies, adequate legislation, participatory planning for a policy dialogue, investments) for the development of family farming;

Amendment 81 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16

16. Urges African governments to invest in local food systems in order to boost rural economies and guarantee local people’'s rights of access to and control over resources including farmers' seeds; to put in place the necessary infrastructure and support measures to build and protect local, national and regional markets that benefit family farmers and provide quality food for consumers at accessible price; to ensure the effective engagement of small- scale producers in policy processes and implementation;

Amendment 82 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16

16. Urges African governments to invest in local food systems in order to boost rural economies ~~and~~, ensure decent jobs, equitable social safety nets and labour rights, as well as guarantee local people’'s rights of access to and control over resources;

Amendment 83 #

Maurice PONGA

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16

16. ~~Urges~~Calls on African governments to invest in local food systems in order to boost rural economies and guto improve arran~~tee local people’s rights of access to and control over~~gements for democratic scrutiny of access to resources;

Amendment 84 #

Anna ZÁBORSKÁ

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 – subparagraph 1 (new)

Calls on African governments to foster inter-generational solidarity and to recognise the key role it plays in combating poverty;

Amendment 85 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 a (new)

16a. Stresses the importance to promote programmes of nutrition education in the schools and in the local communities;

Amendment 86 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 16 b (new)

16b. Stresses that the right to water goes hand-in-hand with the right to food and that the UN resolution of 2010 has not yet resulted in decisive action to establish the right to water as a human right; calls on the EU to consider the proposal of the Italian Committee for a World Water Contract (CICMA) for an optional protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights;

Amendment 87 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17

17. Recalls that farmers’ rights to produce, exchange and sell seeds freely underpins 90 % of agricultural livelihoods in Africa, and that seed diversity is vital in building resilience of farming to climate change; ~~deplor~~stresses theat corporate requests to strengthen plant breeders’ rights in line with the 1991 Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) Convention~~, which prohibits the majority of~~ must not result in such informal arrangements being prohibited;

Amendment 88 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17 a (new)

17a. In particular, notes with concern that UPOV favours genetic uniformity in crop varieties, which narrows down the genetic diversity, contribute to the loss of biodiversity, lead to growing concentration in seed supply and ultimately endanger livelihoods and food security; on this ground, urges the EU to refrain from influencing African seed law reform through the adoption of 1991 UPOV provisions;

Amendment 89 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17 b (new)

17b. Recalls that TRIPS provisions which request some form of protection for plant varieties do not force developing countries to adopt UPOV regime; it does enable countries to develop sui generis systems which are better adapted to the characteristics of each country's agricultural production and to traditional farmer-based seed systems, while LDCs that are parties to the WTO are exempted to comply with such provisions of TRIPS agreement; highlights that sui generis systems shall be supportive of and do not counter the objectives and the obligations under the CBD, the Nagoya Protocol and the ITPGRFA;

Amendment 9 #

Maurice PONGA

Motion for a resolution
Recital B

B. whereas large public-private partnerships (PPPs) ~~risk creating dominant positions for large agricultural companies in African agriculture which crowd out local businesses~~, and NAFSN in particular, have enabled over 200 international and African companies to sign letters of intent for investment in African agriculture worth USD 10 billion;

Amendment 90 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17 c (new)

17c. Deplores the corporate's request to harmonise Seed Laws which will be based on the principles of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) in the African context via regional institutions and which will hamper the development and growth of farmer-based seed systems on the national and regional level since farmer-based seed systems usually do not breed and save seeds that fulfil the DUS criteria;

Amendment 91 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17 d (new)

17d. Urges the G7 Member States to support farmer managed seed systems via community seed banks;

Amendment 92 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 17 e (new)

17e. Recalls that while commercial seed varieties may improve yields in the short term, traditional farmers' varieties, landraces and associated knowledge are best suited to adapt to specific agro- ecological environments and climate change; in addition, their higher performance depend on the use of inputs (fertilisers, pesticides, hybrid seeds), which risk trapping farmers in a vicious circle of debt;

Amendment 93 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18

18. Notes with concern that ~~patenting~~the introduction and spread of certified seeds in Africa increases smallholder dependence, makes indebtedness more probable and erodes seed diversity;

Amendment 94 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. In addition, notes with concern that the risks of dependency of developing countries are significantly increased by the strengthening of the role of intellectual property rights in the food system through 'TRIPS-plus' provisions in trade agreements, which protect such rights beyond the minimum requirements of the WTO TRIPS agreement;

Amendment 95 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 18 b (new)

18b. Demands the need to support local policies aimed to grant a consistent and sustainable access to a diverse and nutritious diet, following the principle of ownership and subsidiarity;

Amendment 96 #

Charles GOERENS

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20

~~20. Urges the G8 member states not to support GMO crops in Africa;~~deleted

Amendment 97 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20

~~20. Urges the G8 member states not to support GMO crops in Africa;~~deleted

Amendment 98 #

Motion for a resolution
Paragraph 20

20. Urges the G8 member states not to support GMO crops ~~in Africa;~~ that have not been endorsed by an international organisation or by the health authorities in every African state;

Amendment 99 #