2016/2017(INI) Creating labour market conditions favourable for work-life balance
Lead committee dossier:
Progress: Procedure completed
| Role | Committee | Rapporteur | Shadows |
|---|---|---|---|
| Joint Responsible Committee | ['EMPL', 'FEMM'] |
BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ Vilija ( S&D),
ŽDANOKA Tatjana ( Verts/ALE)
|
GÁLL-PELCZ Ildikó ( PPE),
HETMAN Krzysztof ( PPE),
GENTILE Elena ( S&D),
GERICKE Arne ( ECR),
WIŚNIEWSKA Jadwiga ( ECR),
MLINAR Angelika ( ALDE),
URTASUN Ernest ( Verts/ALE),
VANA Monika ( Verts/ALE),
AGEA Laura ( EFDD),
VON STORCH Beatrix ( EFDD),
MÉLIN Joëlle ( ENF)
|
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
RoP 54, RoP 58
Legal Basis:
RoP 54, RoP 58Subjects
Events
2016/12/21
EC - Commission response to text adopted in plenary
Documents
2016/09/13
EP - Results of vote in Parliament
Documents
2016/09/13
EP - Decision by Parliament
Details
The European Parliament adopted by 443 votes to 123 with 100 abstentions, a resolution on creating labour market conditions favourable for work-life balance.
Parliament recalled that in 2014, 5.1 million children were born in the EU-28, corresponding to a crude birth rate of 10.1. In comparison, this rate was 10.6 in 2000, 12.8 in 1985 and 16.4 in 1970. Hence, the EU faces a serious demographic challenge owing to the ever-decreasing birth rates in most Member States.
Faced with unprecedented demographic challenges, Parliament called on the Commission and the Member States to put in place positive policies and incentives to support demographic renewal, preserve social security systems and promote the well-being and development of people and of society as a whole.
In this context, it felt that well designed and well-implemented reconciliation policies might greatly promote economic growth, competitiveness, overall labour market participation, gender equality, reduction of the risk of poverty, and positively influences birth rates in the EU.
Reconciliation of professional and private life as a fundamental right : Parliament pointed out that reconciliation of professional, private and family life is a wide-ranging concept that embraces all overarching policies of a legislative and non-legislative nature aimed at promoting appropriate and proportionate balance between the various aspects of people’s lives. Reconciliation of professional, private and family life needs to be guaranteed as a fundamental right for all , with measures being available for everyone, going beyond young mothers, fathers or carers.
Parliament called for the introduction of a framework to ensure this right as a basic aim of social systems and called on the EU and the Member States to promote, in both the public and private sectors, business welfare models respecting the right to a work-life balance.
To meet the challenges of unprecedented demographic changes, Members called on the Commission and the Member States to put in place positive policies and incentives to support demographic renewal, preserve social security systems and promote the well-being and development of people and of society as a whole. They felt it was necessary to promote family-friendly working environments, reconciliation plans, return-to-work programmes, communication channels between employees and employers, and incentives for businesses and self-employed workers, in particular to ensure that people are not economically penalised for having children.
Measures to promote reconciliation : Parliament called for legislative and non-legislative measures regarding the reconciliation of professional, private and family life. The Commission was called upon to put forward a proposal for such a package as part of the Commission Work Programme 2017. Members stressed that legislative proposals should include equality between men and women as a legal basis.
These measures should include provisions that support those who are most disadvantaged or currently excluded from existing legislation , such as single parents, unmarried couples, same-sex couples, migrants, self-employed people or so-called ‘assisting spouses’, and families in which one or more members have a disability. The well-being and best interests of children should be one of the primary considerations.
Reconciliation and gender equality : Parliament underlined that a better work-life balance and strengthened gender equality is essential for supporting the participation of women in the labour market. It called on the Commission and Member States to develop transformative policies and to invest in awareness-raising campaigns to overcome gender stereotypes and to promote a more equal sharing of care and domestic work. Member States should step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal related to work-life balance.
Furthermore, the lack of comparable, comprehensive, reliable and regularly updated equality data makes it more difficult to prove the existence of discrimination. Parliament called on the Commission to take initiatives to further promote such data collection and establish relevant indicators in this area.
Governance and reconciliation : Parliament considered it necessary that adequate training on non-discrimination legislation in employment and case law be provided for employees of national, regional and local authorities and law enforcement bodies, and for labour inspectors. It called on Member States, together with the Commission, to guarantee that rights to social entitlements assigned by public policies are equal in terms of individual rights and equally accessible for women and men, in order to ensure that everyone can enjoy their rights and to enable them to achieve a better work-life balance.
Women and men as equal earners and equal carers : Parliament stressed the need to eliminate gender inequalities in paid and unpaid work and to promote equal sharing of responsibilities, costs and care for children and for dependants between women and men, but also within society as a whole.
It called on Member States to put in place proactive policies and appropriate investment designed to support women and men entering, returning to, staying and advancing in the labour market, after periods of family and care-related types of leave.
It urged the Commission, therefore, to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy in line with the recommendations of the European Pact for gender equality for the period 2011-2020.
Family- and care-related types of leave : noting that the Commission has withdrawn the revision of the Maternity Leave Directive, Members called for an ambitious proposal with high-level standards, in order to ensure a better work-life balance. The Commission and Member States must ensure that women are paid and covered by social protection for the duration of maternity leave.
The Commission should also propose:
a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a compulsory two-week fully paid leave; a carers’ leave directive which supplements the provision of professional care, enables workers to care for dependants and offers the carer adequate remuneration and social protection; minimum standards applicable in all Member States to address the specific needs of adoptive parents and children and to establish the same rights as for natural parents.
It also called on Member States to provide adequate income replacement and social protection during any type of family- or care-related leave , in particular to ensure that low-income workers can benefit from leave measures on an equal footing with others.
As regards parental leave , Parliament called on the Commission and the social partners to consider offering an appropriate extension of the minimum duration of parental leave with adequate income replacement and social protection from four to at least six months and to increase the age of the child for which parental leave can be taken.
It considered that promoting the individualisation of the right to leave arrangements, as well as the role of fathers in bringing up their children by taking up leave, is essential to achieving a gender-balanced reconciliation of work and private life.
Against this backdrop, it called on the Member States to introduce ‘ care credits ’ through labour and social security legislation for both women and men as equivalent periods for building up pension rights in order to protect those taking a break from employment to provide informal, unpaid care to a dependant or a family member.
Care for dependants : Parliament called on the Member States to support fiscal policies as a powerful lever enhancing work-life balance and to foster employment of women. It stressed that the care of children with disabilities presents a particular challenge for working parents, which should be recognised by society and supported by public policies . It called on the Member States, in providing pre-school childcare, to place emphasis not only on accessibility, but also on the quality of that care, in particular for children from disadvantaged backgrounds and children with disabilities.
Quality employment : Parliament pointed out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with some people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a living wage.
Member States and the social partners are called upon to develop a wage policy framework with effective measures combating wage discrimination and ensuring adequate wages for all workers, for example through the introduction of minimum wages at national level that guarantee a life in dignity.
Parliament pointed out that work-life balance must be based on workers’ rights and security on the labour market, and on the right to take time off without it being curtailed by increased mobility and flexibility requirements. Increased flexibility can result in an intensification of the labour market discrimination currently experienced by women – in the shape of lower wages, non-standard forms of employment and disproportionate responsibility for unpaid household tasks.
In this context, it supported ‘ smart working’ as an approach to organising work through a combination of flexibility, autonomy and collaboration, which does not necessarily require the worker to be present in the workplace or in any pre-defined place and enables them to manage their own working hours, while nevertheless ensuring consistency with the maximum daily and weekly working hours laid down by law and collective agreements.
Parliament went on to point out that excessive and irregular working hours and insufficient rest periods are major factors in increased levels of stress, poor physical and mental health and occupational accidents and diseases.
It called for measures to increase ‘ quality of life’ , which refers to the overall well-being of individuals in a society. Members called on Member States to promote measures aiming to put in place adequate minimum income schemes , in line with national practices and traditions, to enable all people to live a life in dignity, to support their full participation in society and to ensure independence throughout the life cycle.
Documents
2016/09/13
EP - End of procedure in Parliament
2016/09/12
EP - Debate in Parliament
Documents
2016/08/02
EP - Committee report tabled for plenary
Details
The Committee on Employment and Social Affairs and the Committee on Women’s Rights and Gender Equality adopted the joint own-initiative report by Tatjana ŽDANOKA (Greens/EFA, LV) and Vilija BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ (S&D, LT) on creating labour market conditions favourable for work-life balance.
Members recalled that in 2014, 5.1 million children were born in the EU-28, corresponding to a crude birth rate of 10.1. In comparison, this rate was 10.6 in 2000, 12.8 in 1985 and 16.4 in 1970. Hence, the EU faces a serious demographic challenge owing to the ever-decreasing birth rates in most Member States.
In this context, Members felt that well designed and well-implemented reconciliation policies might greatly promote economic growth, competitiveness, overall labour market participation, gender equality, reduction of the risk of poverty, and positively influences birth rates in the EU.
Reconciliation of professional and private life as a fundamental right : Members pointed out that reconciliation of professional, private and family life is a wide-ranging concept that embraces all overarching policies of a legislative and non-legislative nature aimed at promoting appropriate and proportionate balance between the various aspects of people’s lives. Reconciliation of professional, private and family life needs to be guaranteed as a fundamental right for all , with measures being available for everyone, going beyond young mothers, fathers or carers.
Members called for the introduction of a framework to ensure this right as a basic aim of social systems and called on the EU and the Member States to promote, in both the public and private sectors, business welfare models respecting the right to a work-life balance.
To meet the challenges of unprecedented demographic changes, Members called on the Commission and the Member States to put in place positive policies and incentives to support demographic renewal, preserve social security systems and promote the well-being and development of people and of society as a whole. They felt it was necessary to promote family-friendly working environments, reconciliation plans, return-to-work programmes, communication channels between employees and employers, and incentives for businesses and self-employed workers, in particular to ensure that people are not economically penalised for having children.
Measures to promote reconciliation : the committee called for legislative and non-legislative measures regarding the reconciliation of professional, private and family life. The Commission was called upon to put forward a proposal for such a package as part of the Commission Work Programme 2017. Members stressed that legislative proposals should include equality between men and women as a legal basis.
These measures should include provisions that support those who are most disadvantaged or currently excluded from existing legislation , such as single parents, unmarried couples, same-sex couples, migrants, self-employed people or so-called ‘assisting spouses’, and families in which one or more members have a disability. The well-being and best interests of children should be one of the primary considerations.
Reconciliation and gender equality : Members underlined that a better work-life balance and strengthened gender equality is essential for supporting the participation of women in the labour market. They called on the Commission and Member States to develop transformative policies and to invest in awareness-raising campaigns to overcome gender stereotypes and to promote a more equal sharing of care and domestic work. Member States should step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal related to work-life balance.
Furthermore, the lack of comparable, comprehensive, reliable and regularly updated equality data makes it more difficult to prove the existence of discrimination. Members called on the Commission to take initiatives to further promote such data collection and establish relevant indicators in this area.
Governance and reconciliation : the committee considered it necessary that adequate training on non-discrimination legislation in employment and case law be provided for employees of national, regional and local authorities and law enforcement bodies, and for labour inspectors. It called on Member States, together with the Commission, to guarantee that rights to social entitlements assigned by public policies are equal in terms of individual rights and equally accessible for women and men, in order to ensure that everyone can enjoy their rights and to enable them to achieve a better work-life balance.
Women and men as equal earners and equal carers : Members called on Member States to put in place proactive policies and appropriate investment designed to support women and men entering, returning to, staying and advancing in the labour market, after periods of family and care-related types of leave. They also urged Member States to replace household unit models by the individualisation of taxation and social security rights in order to ensure that women have individual rights and to counter dependency status through their partners or through the state.
Family- and care-related types of leave : noting that the Commission has withdrawn the revision of the Maternity Leave Directive, Members called for an ambitious proposal with high-level standards, in order to ensure a better work-life balance. The Commission and Member States must ensure that women are paid and covered by social protection for the duration of maternity leave.
The Commission should also propose:
· a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a compulsory two-week fully paid leave;
· a carers’ leave directive which supplements the provision of professional care, enables workers to care for dependants and offers the carer adequate remuneration and social protection;
· minimum standards applicable in all Member States to address the specific needs of adoptive parents and children and to establish the same rights as for natural parents.
Care for dependants : the report called on Member States to examine the possibility of gradually bringing school hours into line with full-time working hours , by means of free out-of-school activities both at the end of the school day and in school holiday times, in order to help workers achieve real balance between their working, family and private lives. It also called on Member States to support fiscal policies as a powerful lever enhancing work-life balance and to foster employment of women, by introducing a tax credit for child care and care of elderly or other dependants based on fiscal incentives and benefits.
Quality employment : Members pointed out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with some people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a living wage. They pointed out that work-life balance must be based on workers’ rights and security on the labour market, and on the right to take time off without it being curtailed by increased mobility and flexibility requirements. In this context, they supported ‘ smart working’ as an approach to organising work through a combination of flexibility, autonomy and collaboration, which does not necessarily require the worker to be present in the workplace or in any pre-defined place and enables them to manage their own working hours, while nevertheless ensuring consistency with the maximum daily and weekly working hours laid down by law and collective agreements.
Members went on to point out that excessive and irregular working hours and insufficient rest periods are major factors in increased levels of stress, poor physical and mental health and occupational accidents and diseases.
They called for measures to increase ‘ quality of life’ , which refers to the overall well-being of individuals in a society. In this context, they called on Member States to promote measures aiming to put in place adequate minimum income schemes , in line with national practices and traditions, to enable all people to live a life in dignity, to support their full participation in society and to ensure independence throughout the life cycle.
Documents
2016/07/12
EP - Vote in committee
2016/06/14
EP - Amendments tabled in committee
Documents
2016/06/09
EP - Amendments tabled in committee
Documents
2016/04/28
EP - Committee draft report
Documents
2016/03/10
EP - Committee referral announced in Parliament
2016/03/10
EP - Referral to joint committee announced in Parliament
2015/11/25
EP - BLINKEVIČIŪTĖ Vilija (S&D) appointed as rapporteur in ['EMPL', 'FEMM']
2015/11/25
EP - ŽDANOKA Tatjana (Verts/ALE) appointed as rapporteur in ['EMPL', 'FEMM']
Documents
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2016)876
- Results of vote in Parliament: Results of vote in Parliament
- Decision by Parliament: T8-0338/2016
- Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
- Committee report tabled for plenary: A8-0253/2016
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE583.884
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE584.019
- Committee draft report: PE580.714
- Committee draft report: PE580.714
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE584.019
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE583.884
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2016)876
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Votes
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 7/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 412, -: 239, 0: 47
GUE/NGL
NIA8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 8/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 411, -: 200, 0: 84
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 8/3 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 408, -: 196, 0: 86
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 10/1 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 656, -: 29, 0: 6
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 10/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 366, -: 274, 0: 44
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 18 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 545, -: 100, 0: 52
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 28/1 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 637, -: 33, 0: 28
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 28/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 396, -: 297, 0: 5
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 28/3 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 545, -: 122, 0: 26
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 31/3 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 343, -: 343, 0: 14
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 31/6 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 360, -: 319, 0: 16
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 35/1 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 625, -: 54, 0: 23
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 35/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 519, 0: 87, -: 84
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 35/3 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 426, -: 205, 0: 59
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 35/4 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 637, 0: 34, -: 16
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 37/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 353, -: 314, 0: 32
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 49/1 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 565, -: 123, 0: 12
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 49/3 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 598, -: 82, 0: 16
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 52 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 631, -: 53, 0: 11
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 59 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 416, -: 224, 0: 56
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - § 66 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 592, 0: 79, -: 21
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Considérant C/3 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 415, -: 207, 0: 72
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Considérant D #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 591, 0: 90, -: 9
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Considérant E/1 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 619, -: 62, 0: 13
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Considérant E/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: -: 380, +: 296, 0: 8
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Considérant Af #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 337, -: 269, 0: 87
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Considérant Ag/1 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 622, 0: 54, -: 17
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Considérant Ag/2 #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 433, -: 182, 0: 74
A8-0253/2016 - Tatjana Ždanoka et Vilija Blinkevičiūtė - Résolution #
2016/09/13 Outcome: +: 443, -: 123, 0: 100
| Amendments | Dossier |
| 464 |
2016/2017(INI)
2016/06/02
EMPL, FEMM
331 amendments...
Amendment 134 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that reconciliation of professional
Amendment 136 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that equal reconciliation of professional
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that reconciliation of professional, private and family life needs to be guaranteed as a fundamental right for all people, with measures being available for everyone, going beyond young mothers, fathers or carers; calls therefore on the EU and Member States to promote, in both the public and private sectors, business welfare models which require respect for the right to a work-life balance;
Amendment 138 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that reconciliation of professional, private and family life needs
Amendment 139 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that reconciliation of professional, private and family life needs to be guaranteed as a fundamental right for all people in the spirit of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights;
Amendment 140 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Stresses that balance between one’s professional and private life is a fundamental right which should be fully guaranteed in every EU text that might have an impact directly or indirectly on this issue;
Amendment 141 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Calls on the Member States to fully protect the rights of pregnant workers and workers who have recently given birth or are breastfeeding, including protection from discrimination on such grounds, ensuring that their rights are in no way negatively impacted upon because of their situation; encourages the European Commission to fully integrate these aspects in a renewed and ambitious effort to revise the Maternity Leave Directive;
Amendment 142 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Points out that, in order to be effective, work-life balance measures need to take account of the differences between men and women and the different roles they play in society; stresses that legitimate career aspirations should never be regarded by employers as taking precedence over family plans;
Amendment 143 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Highlights the importance of focusing on the lack of implementation of existing legislation in the Member States before considering the need to submit new legislative proposals in the field of gender equality, work-life balance and different types of leave, in accordance with the Commission's commitment for better regulation;
Amendment 144 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Considers that workers live up to their full potential when they are content and can decide when and where to do their work;
Amendment 145 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Stresses the favourable or unfavourable impact that satisfactory or unsatisfactory policies to support families may have on the physical and mental health of mothers, fathers and their children;
Amendment 146 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Defends the right to collective bargaining as a means of improving social harmonisation with a view to guaranteeing and supporting measures to combat discrimination and to safeguard and enhance rights;
Amendment 147 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Calls for the balanced redistribution of income and wealth in favour of workers and for effective measures to be introduced to combat wage discrimination within a wage policy framework that provides fair incomes for all workers and therefore gives them and their families a decent life;
Amendment 148 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 c (new) 1c. Defends, in the context of collective bargaining, the right of workers, particularly shift workers, to supervision for their children, from birth and throughout their childhood, including workers who have children with a disability for which specific measures need to be taken;
Amendment 149 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 d (new) 1d. Urges that, to give them more time to share family life, parents with children who are still minors should, by means of collective bargaining, be able to coordinate their time off with school holidays, even if they work in different companies or services;
Amendment 150 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 Amendment 151 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration;
Amendment 152 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration;
Amendment 153 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration; is concerned
Amendment 154 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic cha
Amendment 155 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration;
Amendment 156 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, l
Amendment 157 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration; stresses that the promotion of families with children and their full recognition in society are of critical importance in this situation; is concerned that austerity measures have had a negative impact on the sustainability of public finances needed for work-life balance policies and services that foster demographic renewal;
Amendment 158 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration; is concerned that austerity measures have had a negative impact on the sustainability of public finances needed for work-life balance policies and services that foster demographic renewal; points out that, although costly in the short term, investing in family-friendly policies may be the only effective way of ensuring the stability of social security systems for future generations;
Amendment 159 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration; is concerned that
Amendment 160 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Points out that the EU is facing unprecedented demographic challenges – an ageing population, low birth rates, changing family structures and migration; is concerned that austerity measures may have had a negative impact on the sustainability of public finances needed for work-life balance policies and services that foster demographic renewal;
Amendment 162 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Notes a persistent pay gap in all Member States between gross pay and wage, that it is not only related to the different features of concerned actors but also to the different market conditions; stresses that wages should be based on the working performance, local cost of living and not exclusively on quantitative standards; calls on the Commission and Member States to put in place all actions needed to overcome such differences, notably those linked to gender, in order to ensure equal pay for equal job;
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Is alarmed at the disastrous long term impact of austerity measures on women's economic empowerment and equality between women and men, with rising unemployment and cuts in public services and benefits resulting in a care crisis; underlines that reductions in care services, cuts in child, disability, carers' benefits and reductions in tax credits, cuts in statutory leave, including parental and paternity leave, tend to shift care services onto unpaid women who, as a result, are unable to pursue insurable employment or may only be employed on a part-time basis;
Amendment 164 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Stresses that falling birth rate in the EU has been exacerbated by the crisis, given that unemployment, precarious job opportunities, uncertainty about the future, as well as discrimination in the labour market are making women, in particular young women professionals, put off having children; in this regard calls on the Member States to promote innovative working time arrangements, reconciliation plans, return to work programmes, communication channels between workers and the workplace and incentives for business and self-employed workers;
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Points out that the low birth rate is inextricably linked to the disappearance of high-quality employment with rights, the spread of unemployment, forced emigration, widespread job insecurity, the failure to uphold and the violation of maternity and paternity rights in the workplace, low wages, deregulation and increased working hours, increased housing costs and a paucity of free/affordable child support resources;
Amendment 166 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Believes that the benefits of parental leave to society are multifarious, as for example it contributes to increasing fertility rates which can counteract the increasing numbers of retired employees, assisting in a way to counter high unemployment in EU;
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Highlights the importance of the children's rights dimension in the context of policies to balance professional, family and private life;
Amendment 168 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Underlines that migrants and refugees should have the same rights and should have access to the same benefits and services through a universal model that is not related to insurance contributions and employment history;
Amendment 169 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3.
Amendment 170 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission’s approach to work-life balance policies as key in addressing socio-economic challenges; calls on the
Amendment 171 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission’s approach to work-life balance policies as key in addressing socio-economic challenges; calls on the European Social Partners to come forward with an agreement on a comprehensive package of legislative and non-legislative measures regarding the reconciliation of professional, private and family life;
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission’s approach to work-life balance policies as key in addressing socio-economic challenges; calls on the European Social Partners to come forward with an agreement on a comprehensive package of legislative and non-legislative measures regarding the reconciliation of professional, private and family life; calls on the Commission to put forward a proposal for such a package
Amendment 173 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3.
Amendment 174 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission
Amendment 175 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission’s approach to
Amendment 176 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission’s approach to work-family life balance policies as key in addressing socio- economic challenges; calls on the European Social Partners to come forward with an agreement on a comprehensive package of legislative and non-legislative measures regarding the reconciliation of professional, private and family life; calls on the Commission to put forward a proposal for such a package in the context of the announced European pillar of social rights should it not be possible for an agreement between the social partners to be reached;
Amendment 177 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission
Amendment 178 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission’s approach to work-life balance policies as key in addressing socio-economic challenges; calls on the European Social Partners to come forward with an agreement on a comprehensive package of legislative and non-legislative measures regarding the reconciliation of professional, private and family life; calls
Amendment 179 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Welcomes the Commission’s approach to work-life balance policies as key in addressing socio-economic challenges; calls on the European Social Partners to come forward with an agreement on a comprehensive package of legislative and non-legislative measures regarding the reconciliation of professional, private and family life; calls on the Commission to put forward a proposal for such a package in the context of the announced European pillar of social rights should it not be possible for an agreement between the social partners to be reached; stresses the need for full and proper account to be taken of the subsidiarity principle and of Member States' competences during the work on the package;
Amendment 180 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Highlights that maternity, paternity and parental leave can effectively be applied with benefits for the society and the economy only if other policy instruments are applied alongside, notably state-subsidised day care, that would ensure women do not sacrifice child-bearing for the purpose of remaining active in an increasingly competitive labour market;
Amendment 181 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the
Amendment 182 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States
Amendment 183 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to put in place policies that acknowledge the
Amendment 184 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4.
Amendment 185 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to
Amendment 186 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to put in place policies that acknowledge the increasing diversity of family relationships
Amendment 187 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to put in place policies that acknowledge the increasing diversity of family relationships, civil partnerships and parenting arrangements, in particular to guarantee that a child is not discriminated against because of its parents’ marital status or
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to put in place policies that acknowledge the increasing diversity of family relationships and parenting arrangements, including parents of all gender identities, in particular to guarantee that a child is not discriminated against because of its parents
Amendment 189 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to put in place policies that acknowledge the increasing diversity of family relationships and parenting arrangements, in particular to guarantee that a child is not discriminated against because of its parents’ marital status or family constitution; calls on the Member States to mutually recognise legal documents relating, for example, to marriage, with a view to guaranteeing free movement without discrimination on the grounds of the composition of the family;
Amendment 190 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to implement economic policies and measures that support the weakest and most vulnerable types of families, particularly families with children, single mothers, fathers who are divorced and/or separated with children, and families in which one or more members have a disability;
Amendment 191 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Calls on the Commission and Member States to provide special measures for those most disadvantaged or currently excluded from existing legislation and policies, such as single parents, non-married couples, same-sex couples, migrants, self-employed people or so-called 'assisting spouses';
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 b (new) 4b. Calls on the Commission and Member States to ensure that the wellbeing and best interest of children are primary considerations in the development, monitoring and implementation of work-life balance policies; calls on the Commission and Member States to fully implement the Recommendation on Investing in Children and closely monitor progress;
Amendment 193 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 c (new) 4c. Calls on the Commission and Member States to ensure legislation and policies on work-life balance take into account the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities and the Concluding observations of the 2015 CRPD Committee to the EU;
Amendment 194 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States to step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal related to work-family life balance and to ensure access to justice and legal action;
Amendment 195 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States to step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal that particularly affect female workers related to work-life balance and to ensure access to justice and legal action;
Amendment 196 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States to step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal related to work-life balance and to ensure access to justice and legal action, strengthening the role, independence and financial resources of those organizations provided by Directive 2006/54/EC, enabling free access to justice and legal actions;
Amendment 197 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States to step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal related to work-life balance and to ensure access to justice and legal action by increasing the amount of information on offer about workers’ rights and legal assistance, if required;
Amendment 198 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States to step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal related to work-life balance and to ensure access to justice and legal action; Calls in this sense on the European Commission to propose policies to improve enforcement of antidiscrimination measures in the workplace, including increasing the awareness of legal rights to equal treatment by conducting information campaigns, reversal of the burden of proof (Zaborska report) and empowering national equality bodies to conduct formal investigations on their own initiative of equality issues and help potential victims of discrimination;
Amendment 199 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States to step up protection against discrimination and unlawful dismissal related to work-life balance and to ensure access to justice and legal action; calls on the Member States, on the one hand, to introduce measures to support businesses in their efforts to combat discrimination, and, on the other, to take steps themselves to clamp down on discrimination;
Amendment 200 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to invest in awareness raising events and putting the emphasis on transformative policies to modify behaviours and attitudes towards all types of leave in order to change mentalities and cultures both of businesses and societies and to ensure a more equal sharing of caring and domestic activities between women and men;
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Takes the view that the measures put forward with a view to securing a better work-life balance should include the introduction of family-friendly working conditions, such as flexible working hours and teleworking opportunities;
Amendment 202 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Stresses that rights assigned by social policies, including parental leave, should be individual rather than transferable, in order to encourage both parents to enjoy their rights and achieve a better work-life balance;
Amendment 203 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the importance of incorporating
Amendment 204 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the importance of
Amendment 205 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the importance of incorporating a lifecycle approach in work- family life balance policies in order to ensure that everyone is supported at different times throughout their life and can actively participate in the labour market and in society as a whole;
Amendment 206 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the importance of incorporating a lifecycle approach in work- life balance policies and corporate strategies in order to ensure that everyone is supported at different times throughout their life and can actively participate in the labour market and in society as a whole; points out that all families are different and no one work-life balance model can satisfactorily cater for all family situations; calls, accordingly, for an appropriate degree of flexibility to be built in to the measures put forward; stresses that employers should bear primary responsibility for assessing the life situation of their employees, as that situation varies from one employee to the next;
Amendment 207 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the importance of incorporating a lifecycle approach in work- life balance policies in order to ensure that everyone is supported at different times throughout their life and can actively participate in the labour market and in society as a whole; underlines that the evaluation of the effectiveness of the relevant policies and measures does not merely concern the issue of gender equality and women's access to employment, but also the need to enable parents to fulfil their responsibilities and to spend quality time with their children;
Amendment 208 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the importance of
Amendment 209 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Stresses that making public facilities available for parents with small children is fundamental to getting men and women back onto the job market; takes the view, in that respect, that is it important for Member States to create the right conditions for families with children in accordance with their needs and preferences, including the possibility to choose freely between working or staying at home;
Amendment 210 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Emphasises the importance of companies and other workplaces adopting flexible working time allocation measures that allow the hours worked by workers to be tailored to their family and personal needs, such as flexible times for arrival and departure from work and for breaks or rest periods for meals, coffee, etc.; tailoring working hours to suit daily routines: school hours, travel times, medical services, businesses, etc.; training (at least in part) undertaken during working hours; measures that enable employees to manage their own working hours, whereby they are not required to be physically present at all times in the workplace and the option of teleworking (distance working without always being present in the workplace and making use of new technologies) is possible;
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Highlights that lack of comparable, comprehensive, reliable and regularly updated equality data makes it more difficult to prove the existence of discrimination, particularly indirect discrimination; Calls on the Member States to collect equality data in a systematic way and with the involvement of national equality bodies and national courts; calls on the Commission to take initiatives to further promote such data collection by means of a Recommendation to Member States, and by tasking Eurostat with the development of consultations aiming at mainstreaming data disaggregation on all discrimination grounds in European Social Surveys' indicators; Calls on the Commission to continue to cooperate with the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) to improve the quantity and quality of sex- disaggregated data in a systematic way;
Amendment 212 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Supports innovative social policies and solutions in the Member States for reconciling work with caring for family members and palliative care; stresses that care services should be widely available to help to reconcile work and family life; recognises the importance of exchanging information and best practices at EU level;
Amendment 213 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Stresses the need for there to be a range of childcare models so that parents can choose freely and mothers and fathers who prefer to care for their children themselves rather than opting for outside care are not discriminated against;
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Emphasises that better work-life reconciliation and strengthened gender equality is essential for supporting the participation of women in the labour market, in particular women-carers and single mothers, and achieving the goals of women empowerment;
Amendment 215 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Points to the responsibility that companies have to uphold labour rights that specifically recognise the demands of personal life and family responsibilities, for both women and men;
Amendment 216 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Calls on the Commission and Member States, with particular reference to the European funding, to take into consideration the "gender occupational impact" with respect to each action proposed;
Amendment 217 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. whereas work-life balance is a fundamental right which should be fully protected in any EU law; highlights, more generally, the importance of having family-friendly working environments;
Amendment 218 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Underlines that key to women´s economic empowerment, is transforming and adapting the labour market and welfare systems in order to take into account women´s life cycles;
Amendment 219 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Underlines that the specific situation and particular needs of large families should be taken into account and given a special attention;
Amendment 220 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Stresses the vital importance of Member States continuing their efforts towards greater convergence as regards the exchange of best practices in the area of professional life-private life balance, paying particular attention to policies that help mothers to enter, stay in and return to the job market and fathers to participate in family life and develop their private lives; encourages the Commission, together with Member States, to monitor and promote these actions;
Amendment 221 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Calls on Member States to examine the possibility of gradually bringing school hours into line with full- time working hours, by means of free out- of-school activities both at the end of the school day and in school holiday times, in order to help workers achieve real balance between their working, family and private lives, especially with reference to women as it is they in the main who reduce their working hours to be able to care for their children;
Amendment 222 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Notes the important role of the national equality bodies in the implementation of the Employment Equality Directive, contributing to awareness raising and data collection, staying in touch with social partners and other stakeholders, addressing underreporting and making complaint processes more accessible; calls for the role of the national equality bodies to be strengthened, and their capacities enhanced, including through the provision of adequate funding;
Amendment 223 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Urges the Commission not to recommend reorganisation and cuts in Member States’ government departments nor to support greater flexibility in employment or the privatisation of public services, as those approaches have unquestionably served to weaken the social rights of workers and have been felt more severely among women;
Amendment 224 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Calls on the Member States, together with the Commission, to guarantee that family rights assigned by public policies, including parental leave, are equal in terms of individual rights and equally accessible for women and men;
Amendment 225 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Invites to have particular attention for the strengthening of measures concerning parents who have children with a disability or serious or long-term incapacitating illness;
Amendment 226 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Calls upon Member States to make necessary steps so that the status of stay- at-home mothers would be appropriately recognized;
Amendment 227 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 c (new) 6c. Highlights that the Employment Equality Directive mentions the disproportionate impact of multiple discrimination in the fields of employment & occupation on women; recommends that national, regional and local authorities, law enforcement bodies, including labour inspectors, national equality bodies and civil society organisations, increase their monitoring of the intersectionality between gender and other grounds in cases of discrimination and in practices;
Amendment 228 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 d (new) 6d. Considers it necessary that adequate training on non-discrimination legislation in employment and case-law is provided for employees of national, regional and local authorities and law enforcement bodies and labour inspectors; believes that such training is also of critical importance for judges, prosecutors, lawyers and police force;
Amendment 229 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 e (new) 6e. Calls on the Commission to continue to work with EIGE to support further research on gender-relevant issues, including on women and men's perceptions of their role in the labour market and of the sharing of activities within the household, as well as their perceptions of working conditions and factors that limit opportunities in the labour market in EU-28 Member States;
Amendment 230 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 f (new) 6f. Calls on the Commission to regularly review the progress achieved on critical areas of concern as identified in the Beijing Platform for Action for which indicators have already been developed by EIGE, taking the outcomes of these reviews into account in the Commission's assessment of gender equality in the EU;
Amendment 231 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 2 Wo
Amendment 232 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses the need to
Amendment 233 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses the need to
Amendment 234 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses the need to address inequalities in paid and unpaid work
Amendment 235 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7.
Amendment 236 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses the need to address inequalities in paid and unpaid work and to promote an equal sharing of responsibilities
Amendment 237 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses the need to address at national level inequalities in paid and unpaid work and ideally to promote an equal sharing of responsibilities and costs for children and care for dependants between women, men and society as a whole;
Amendment 238 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Stresses the need to address gender inequalities in paid and unpaid work and to promote an equal sharing of responsibilities and costs for children and care for dependants between women, men and society as a whole;
Amendment 239 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Calls on the Member States to introduce full financial compensation for parental leave with a view to promote equality between parents, reaching a level that would act as an incentive for income replacement, in order to safeguard families' social and economic wellbeing;
Amendment 240 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Urges Member States to replace household unit models by the individualisation of taxation and social security rights to ensure that women have individual rights and to counter dependency status through their partners or through the State;
Amendment 241 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Stresses that if a balance between working and family life is to be maintained, fathers need to be involved in childcare, and that this should be promoted but not imposed;
Amendment 242 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 b (new) 7b. Calls on MS and the Commission to reformulate tax and benefit systems that give financial incentives for the spouse earning less to withdraw from the labour market or to work part-time as it may run counter to a higher take-up rate of parental leave by fathers and brings negative consequences for women, such as reinforcing the gender pay, care and pension gap; calls on the Member States to consider providing shared pension rights in cases of divorce and legal separation;
Amendment 243 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 Amendment 244 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8.
Amendment 245 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy
Amendment 246 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy
Amendment 247 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy
Amendment 248 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy and
Amendment 249 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy and to implement it through the
Amendment 250 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy and to implement it
Amendment 251 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy – as has been the case in previous periods, in order to ensure that work on gender equality is not made less of a priority – and to implement it through the European Semester, including the Annual Growth Survey and the country-specific
Amendment 252 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy and to implement it through the European Semester, including the Annual Growth Survey and the country-specific recommendations in line with the recommendations of the European Pact for gender equality for the period 2011- 2020;
Amendment 253 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Urges the Commission to adopt a post-2015 Gender Equality Strategy and to implement it through the European Semester, including the Annual Growth Survey and the country-specific recommendations; calls on the Council, the Commission and the Member States to integrate a gender pillar into the Europe 2020 strategy;
Amendment 254 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to support
Amendment 255 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to support women entering
Amendment 256 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to support women entering, returning to and staying in the labour market with
Amendment 257 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies and appropriate investment designed to support women entering, returning to and staying in the labour market with stable and quality employment; points out that public investment to increase female employment would boost GDP, and thus help the European economy to grow, and reduce the unacceptable gap between male and female employment rates;
Amendment 258 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to support women entering, returning
Amendment 259 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to support women entering, returning to and staying in the labour market with s
Amendment 260 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to
Amendment 261 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to support women and men with caring responsibilities in entering, returning to and staying in the labour market with stable and quality employment, in line with article 27 of the European Social Charter;
Amendment 262 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Calls on the Member States to put in place proactive policies designed to support women entering, returning to and staying, and advancing in the labour market with stable and quality employment, particularly in sectors and positions where women are under- represented, such as science, technology, engineering, and green economy sectors, or senior management positions across all sectors;
Amendment 263 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Stresses the need for men to be entitled to fully paid and non-transferable paternity leave, without any loss of employment rights, in order to help workers of both genders reconcile their professional and family life and to achieve true gender equality; highlights the need for this entitlement to be given to unmarried couples and to couples that have adopted children;
Amendment 264 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Calls on the Member States to uphold the rights of female workers who are increasingly turning to low-wage jobs and are the victims of discrimination, particularly when they become mothers and are therefore excluded from the world of work because they need to take care of their children;
Amendment 265 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to implement economic policies and measures that support families with children, divorced and/or separated mothers and fathers, and vulnerable family units in general, as these are the most fragile and vulnerable types of families;
Amendment 266 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to
Amendment 267 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to involve the social partners and civil society in gender equality policies
Amendment 268 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to involve the social partners and civil society in gender equality policies; stresses the importance of collective agreements in combating discrimination and promoting gender equality
Amendment 269 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Calls on the Commission and the
Amendment 270 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to involve the social partners and civil society in gender equality policies; stresses the importance of collective agreements in combating discrimination and promoting equality between women and men at work, and of research and exchanges of good practices; calls on the Member States to carry out wage-mapping on a regular basis as a complement to efforts to incorporate the fundamental principle of equal pay for equal work, in keeping with Article 157 TFEU, dating back to 1957;
Amendment 271 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to combat social inequalities and inequalities between men and women by supporting labour regulation, collective bargaining, higher salaries, fairer redistributive fiscal policies and better distribution of wealth, along with the protection of state social functions, public social security and public services, and to involve the social partners and civil society in gender equality policies; stresses the importance of collective agreements in combating discrimination and promoting equality between women and men at work, and of research and exchanges of good practices; similarly, calls on the Member States to eliminate legislation that allows for or regulates precarious employment;
Amendment 272 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to develop policies and awareness campaigns that not only target men, but also businesses, organisations and society as a whole, in view of recognising the right and need for men to request i.a. leaves and adapted working hours in order to take up care responsibilities without being stigmatised and penalised;
Amendment 273 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 b (new) 10b. Believes that an integrated approach to gender equality – including policies for overcoming stereotyped gender roles – and professional life- private life balance in all future EU initiatives would bring coherence and transparency to the process and would help ensure the promotion of a gender- balanced work-life balance; calls on the Commission and the Member States to raise awareness among society of the rights and legal action regarding work- life balance;
Amendment 274 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 275 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 276 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 277 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 278 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 279 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 280 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 281 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Strongly regrets that the Commission withdrew the revision of the Maternity Leave Directive and
Amendment 282 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Asks the Commission to strengthen the Roadmap by focussing on legislative measures; Strongly regrets that the Commission withdrew the revision of the Maternity Leave Directive and calls as a matter of urgency for it to return with an ambitious proposal guaranteeing as a minimum the same level of protection with the withdrawn Directive; calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that women are fully paid for the duration of maternity leave; stresses that maternity leave must be accompanied by effective measures protecting the rights of pregnant and new mothers, reflecting the recommendations of the World Health Organisation21 ; __________________ 21
Amendment 283 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Strongly regrets that the Commission withdrew the revision of the Maternity Leave Directive and calls as a matter of urgency for it to return with an ambitious proposal; calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that women are paid for the duration of maternity leave and are not economically penalized for having children; stresses that maternity leave must be accompanied by effective measures protecting the rights of pregnant
Amendment 284 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Strongly regrets that the Commission withdrew the revision of the Maternity Leave Directive and calls as a matter of urgency for it to return with an ambitious proposal; calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that women are paid at 100% for the duration of maternity leave; stresses that maternity leave must be accompanied by effective measures protecting the rights of pregnant and new mothers, reflecting the recommendations of the World Health Organisation21; __________________ 21
Amendment 285 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 a (new) 11a. Believes that revising current Maternity Leave Directive, will lead to achieving actual positive impact in terms of women's social and economic independence, work-life balance and labour market inclusion, as well as economic growth and development for EU by eliminating gender related inequalities in the labour market;
Amendment 286 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 Amendment 287 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Stresses that
Amendment 288 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Stresses that improved coordination and coherence of and access to different types of leave in Member States increases employment participation and overall
Amendment 289 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 a (new) 12a. Considers it crucial to ensure adequate remuneration and social protection during any type of family- or care-related leave in order to ensure that low-income workers can benefit from leave measures on an equal footing with others;
Amendment 290 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 a (new) 12a. Calls on the Commission (and the Member States) to safeguard the rights of mothers and, therefore, the mother’s job, the progress she has made in her career and her pay;
Amendment 291 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 b (new) 12b. Stresses the need to guarantee favourable conditions for the return to work of those who have benefited from a family- or care-related leave, especially concerning reinstatement to the same post or an equivalent or similar post;
Amendment 292 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 Amendment 293 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Calls on the
Amendment 294 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Calls on the Commission to publish an implementation report on the Parental Leave Directive
Amendment 295 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Calls on the Commission to publish an implementation report on the Parental Leave Directive
Amendment 296 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Calls on the Commission to publish an implementation report on the Parental Leave Directive
Amendment 297 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Calls on the Commission to publish an implementation report on the Parental Leave Directive and urges it to use the review clause to extend the minimum duration of paid leave from four to at least
Amendment 298 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 a (new) 13a. Stresses that satisfactory parental leave arrangements are closely linked to adequate pay; notes that where there are no provisions for leave, or where existing ones are considered to be insufficient, social partners, through collective agreements, may have an important role to play in establishing new provisions or updating current ones for maternity, paternity and parental leave; calls on the Member States, in agreement with the social partners, to reconsider their system of financial compensation for parental leave with a view to reaching a level that would act as an incentive for an adequate and decent level of income replacement, which also encourages men to take parental leave beyond the minimum time period guaranteed by the directive;
Amendment 299 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 b (new) 13b. Calls on the Commission to improve and strengthen the provisions of Directive 2010/18/EU regarding the conditions of eligibility and detailed rules for granting parental leave to those who have children with a disability or serious or long-term incapacitating illness, taking account also of best practice in the Member States;
Amendment 300 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14.
Amendment 301 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Believes that promoting the
Amendment 302 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Believes that promoting the individualisation of the right to parental leave as well as the role of fathers is essential
Amendment 303 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Believes that promoting the
Amendment 304 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Believes that promoting the
Amendment 305 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Believes that promoting the individualisation of the right to leave as well as the role of fathers is essential to achieving
Amendment 306 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Believes that promoting the individualisation of the right to leave arrangements as well as the role of fathers is essential to achieving gender-balanced reconciliation of work and private life;
Amendment 307 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Believes that promoting the individualisation of the right to leave as well as the role of fathers is essential to achieving gender-balanced reconciliation of work and private life; calls on the Commission to introduce measures to encourage men to undertake unpaid care work;
Amendment 308 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 a (new) 14a. Calls for an eventual revision of the leave regulations and policies to accommodate the role of many working grandparents to care for grandchildren;
Amendment 309 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 d (new) 14d. Stresses that satisfactory parental leave arrangements are closely linked to adequate pay; notes that where there are no provisions for leave, or where existing ones are considered to be insufficient, social partners, through collective agreements, may have a role to play in establishing new provisions or updating current ones for maternity, paternity and parental leave; calls on the Member States, in agreement with the social partners, to reconsider their system of financial compensation for parental leave with a view to reaching a level that would act as an incentive for an adequate and decent level of income replacement – based on the average replacement rate of maternity leave across the EU – which also encourages men to take parental leave beyond the minimum time period guaranteed by the directive;
Amendment 310 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 e (new) 14e. Calls on the Commission and the social partners to offer an appropriate extension of the minimum duration of parental leave from four to at least six months to improve professional life- private life balance;
Amendment 311 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 f (new) 14f. Stresses, furthermore, the need to extend the period in which both parents can exercise their right to take parental leave; calls on the Commission and the social partners to increase the age of the child for which parental leave can be taken to 12 years; calls on the Commission and the social partners to take into account that the fact that parental leave for parents of children with disabilities or long-term illnesses should be extended beyond the statutory age of the child provided for in the directive;
Amendment 312 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 Amendment 313 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – introductory part 15.
Amendment 314 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – introductory part 15.
Amendment 315 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – introductory part 15.
Amendment 316 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – introductory part 15. Urges the Commission, in coordination with Member States, to bring forward proposals on:
Amendment 317 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 Amendment 318 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 Amendment 319 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 (1) a
Amendment 320 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 (1) a paternity
Amendment 321 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 (1) a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a two-week
Amendment 322 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 (1) a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a
Amendment 323 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 (1) a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a two-week compulsory fully paid leave;
Amendment 324 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 (1) a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a mandatory two-week fully paid leave;
Amendment 325 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 1. a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a two-week fully paid leave, including when parents adopt children;
Amendment 326 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 (1) a paternity leave directive with a minimum of a two-week fully paid leave, and at same time, calls on the Member States to move from a conciliative model of the cure to a shared one;
Amendment 327 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 1 a (new) (1a) revising current Maternity Leave Directive;
Amendment 328 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 2 Amendment 329 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 2 Amendment 330 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 2 (2) a
Amendment 331 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 2 (2) a carers’ leave
Amendment 332 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 2 (2) a carers’ leave directive which supplements the provision of professional care, enables care for dependants and offers the carer adequate remuneration and social protection; as well as the right to return to work and protection from dismissal; calls for employee-driven flexibility and sufficient incentives for men to take up carers' leave;
Amendment 333 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 2 a (new) (2a) the urgent reinstatement of the Maternity Leave Directive, as it is an instrument that is essential to supporting families and combating social and gender inequalities, and for that instrument to establish the same rights for families that adopt children;
Amendment 334 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – point 2 a (new) (2a) An adoption leave directive with minimum standards applicable in all Member States to address the specific needs of adoptive parents and children;
Amendment 335 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 – closing part (new) Acknowledging that some member states have already taken proactive measures on paternity leave and carer's leave;
Amendment 336 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 a (new) 15a. Calls on the Member States to make it possible for workers to care for dependents, and to offer adequate remuneration and social protection for carers in this situation;
Amendment 337 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 b (new) 15b. Believes, in view of the different types of family leave, that coherence among the various texts is required at EU level with the involvement of social partners in order to provide families with life-cycle leave perspectives to promote a more equal share of care responsibilities between women and men; is convinced that this would significantly increase workforce participation and improve the effectiveness of the models in place beyond current levels;
Amendment 338 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 Amendment 339 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Member States to
Amendment 340 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Member States to
Amendment 341 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Member States to recognise caring for a dependant as a form of employment and to introduce ‘care credits’ for both women and men as equivalent periods for building up pension rights in order to protect those taking a break from employment to provide informal care to a dependant;
Amendment 342 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Calls on the Member States to introduce
Amendment 343 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 Amendment 344 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Calls on the Member States to fully recognise family work in the home without discrimination, but at the same time to effectively implement the Barcelona targets by 2020 and to endorse the 2014 quality framework on early childhood education and care;
Amendment 345 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Calls on the Member States to effectively implement the Barcelona targets by 2020 and to endorse the 2014 quality framework on early childhood education and care; Recalls that investing in social infrastructure ,such as child care, does not only generate considerable employment effects, but also significant additional income for the public sector in employment taxes and savings in respect of unemployment insurance; believes that adequate child care should be available and affordable also to allow parents to achieve educational goals;
Amendment 346 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17a. Calls for the Member States to come forward with legislative measures to promote work-life balance and to focus on introducing high-quality, accessible childcare facilities and services by making use of the various EU financial instruments;
Amendment 347 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17a. Stresses the need to recognise the work done by people who devote their time and skills to caring for elderly and dependent persons;
Amendment 348 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18.
Amendment 349 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18.
Amendment 350 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Urges the Member States to invest in and ensure the availability of
Amendment 351 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Urges the Member States to invest in and ensure the availability of and universal access to
Amendment 352 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Urges the Member States to invest in
Amendment 353 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Urges the Member States to invest in
Amendment 354 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Urges the Member States to invest in and ensure the availability of and universal access to affordable and high- quality early childhood education and care, elderly and dependant care by, for example, increasing public expenditure on care services including independent living schemes, and incentivising employer contributions to care costs, including by making better use of EU funds, and calls for the MFF revision to be used to step up investment in social infrastructure including public care structures and services for children, the elderly and other dependents; notes the disproportionate impact that lack of investment in public care structures and services has on single parents, the vast majority of whom are women;
Amendment 355 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 a (new) 18a. Supports the Member States in their efforts to invest in and establish social infrastructure, with particular emphasis on providing quality care for children who are too young to go to school; stresses, at the same time, the growing need to care for elderly persons; stresses that the Member States are responsible for making sure that these investments are sustainable even after ESIF funding programmes have come to an end;
Amendment 356 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 a (new) 18a. Highlights that the care of disabled children presents a particular challenge for working mothers and fathers, which should be recognised by society and be supported by public policies; Believes, therefore, that the increased vulnerability of working parents of disabled children means that they should be granted additional maternity, paternity and parental leave;
Amendment 357 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 a (new) Amendment 358 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 a (new) 18a. Urges the Commission to support the Member States, including through the provision of EU funding, in developing facilities that offer high-quality and affordable childcare services to the poorest members of society;
Amendment 359 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 Amendment 360 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls
Amendment 361 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls for the introduction of
Amendment 362 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls for the introduction of targets on care for elderly and other dependants
Amendment 363 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls for the introduction of targets on care for elderly and other dependants
Amendment 364 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls for the introduction of targets on care for elderly and other dependants
Amendment 365 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls on the EU Council for the introduction of targets on care for elderly and other dependants, similar to Barcelona targets, with monitoring tools within the European Semester; calls on Eurostat and Eurofound to collect relevant data and to carry out studies;
Amendment 366 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls for the introduction of targets on care for elderly and other dependants and support for informal carers, with monitoring tools within the European Semester that should measure quality, accessibility and affordability; calls on Eurostat and Eurofound to collect relevant data and to carry out studies;
Amendment 367 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls for the introduction of targets on care for elderly, disabled and other dependants, with monitoring tools within the European
Amendment 368 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Calls for the introduction of targets on care for elderly and other dependants, with monitoring tools within the European Semester; calls on Eurostat and Eurofound to collect relevant data and to carry out studies; calls for these data to be included in the Gender Index developed by EIGE;
Amendment 369 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 a (new) 19a. Stresses the need for policies on care for the elderly to be tailored to individual needs and, if possible, for emphasis to be placed on an elderly person’s preferred place of care;
Amendment 370 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 a (new) 19a. Calls on the Member States, in providing pre-school childcare, to place emphasis not only on accessibility, but also on the quality of that care, in particular for children from disadvantaged backgrounds and children with a serious disability;
Amendment 371 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 a (new) 19a. Calls on Member States to strengthen the network of specialised services providing care to the elderly, and specifically to build up home service networks;
Amendment 372 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 Amendment 373 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 Amendment 374 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Calls on the
Amendment 375 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to
Amendment 376 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to
Amendment 377 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to establish qualitative standards for all care services, including on availability, accessibility and affordability care, drawing inspiration from existing Frameworks such as the European Quality Framework for Long- term Care Services;
Amendment 378 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to establish qualitative standards for all care services ensuring that long-term care becomes, when adequate, deinstitutionalized;
Amendment 379 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Calls on the Member States to do everything they can do adapt the opening hours of public institutions that make up the support infrastructure for childcare (for example nurseries, schools and leisure and out-of-school centres) to the needs of the modern-day job market and parents’ time constraints;
Amendment 380 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Points out that an important element in achieving quality services is investing in the workforce[7a]; calls therefore on Member States and social partners to promote decent working conditions and quality employment for care workers, including through decent pay, recognition of care workers' status and the development of high quality vocational training pathways for care workers; __________________ 7aEurofound (2015) Early childhood care: working conditions, training and quality of services – A systematic review
Amendment 381 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Shares the view that care and to be cared is a universal human right and that should be exercised and reassured for anyone, and therefore calls the Member States to revise their national family policies and secure adequate social care services that would improve family life and therefore assist in achieving work-life balance for the members of the family;
Amendment 382 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Stresses the importance of improving protection for older workers who lose their jobs before they become eligible for a pension; stresses the importance of implementing policies and measures to help older workers find new jobs;
Amendment 383 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 Amendment 384 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Points out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with
Amendment 385 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Points out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a decent income; calls on the Member States
Amendment 386 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Points out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a decent income;
Amendment 387 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Points out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a decent income; calls on the Member States and social partners to develop measures ensuring adequate wages for all workers, and to close the
Amendment 388 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Points out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with some people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a decent income; calls on the Member States and social partners to develop measures ensuring adequate wages for all workers, and to close the gender pay gap;
Amendment 389 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Points out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a decent income; notes once again that women are over-represented when it comes to poverty and non-standard forms of employment, which gives rise to social and economic insecurity and contributes to economic dependence; calls on the Member States and social partners to develop measures ensuring adequate wages for all workers, and to close the gender pay gap;
Amendment 390 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Points out the high levels of working poor throughout Europe, with people having to work more and longer, even combining several jobs, in order to earn a decent income; calls on the Member States and social partners to develop measures ensuring adequate wages for all workers,
Amendment 391 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to introduce a minimum subsistence wage that will give women a basic income on which to live and take care of their loved ones and children;
Amendment 392 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. Underlines the potential of "smart working" for reconciling work and family life, especially for parents returning or entering the labour market after the maternity or parental leave;
Amendment 393 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. Calls on Eurofound to develop further its activities in relation to monitoring of good-quality jobs and the need for measuring based on its concept of job quality[8a]; __________________ 8a Eurofound report on Trends in job quality in Europe (2012) and Eurofound report Convergence and divergence of job quality in Europe 1995-2010 (2015)
Amendment 394 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Supports
Amendment 395 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Supports
Amendment 396 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Supports ‘smart working’
Amendment 397 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Supports ‘smart working’
Amendment 398 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 Amendment 399 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Supports ‘smart working’ and working from home, but rejects a shift from a culture of presence to a culture of permanent availability; calls on the Member States, when developing smart working policies, to ensure these do not impose an additional burden on the worker; stresses the need to strengthen, in such cases, the concept of ‘working to targets’ to prevent abuse of these new forms of work;
Amendment 400 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Supports
Amendment 401 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Supports ‘smart working’ but rejects a shift from a culture of presence to a culture of permanent availability; calls on the Member States and social partners, when developing smart working policies, to ensure these do not impose an additional burden on the worker;
Amendment 402 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 a (new) 22a. Emphasises how important it is that work-life balance cannot be established by introducing precarious working conditions and increasing the number of non-standard forms of employment; points out that work-life balance must be based on workers’ rights and security on the labour market, and on the right to take time off without it being curtailed by increased mobility and flexibility requirements; stresses the fact that increased flexibility can result in an intensification of the labour market discrimination currently experienced by women – in the shape of lower wages, non-standard forms of employment and disproportionate responsibility for unpaid household tasks – if a clear gender mainstreaming approach is not taken beforehand;
Amendment 403 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 a (new) 22a. Highlights alternative business models such as cooperatives and mutuals have enormous potential to advance gender equality and a healthy work life balance, particularly in the emerging "smart working" digital environment, given higher levels of employee participation in decision-making; Calls on the Commission and Member States to research the impact of cooperatives and alternative business models on gender equality and work-life balance, especially in technology sectors, and set out policies to promote and share best practice models;
Amendment 404 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 a (new) 22a. Calls on the Commission to map the situation in Member States of a "Right to request flexible working arrangements," which enables employees to request changes in the number of hours they work, their work schedule and their place of work and to consider if an initiative at the European level is needed;
Amendment 405 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 a (new) 22a. Calls for the adoption of the necessary measures to promote higher employment rates among women, such as flexibility in working hours and places of work, which will make it possible to reconcile their family/private and work lives;
Amendment 406 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 b (new) 22b. Calls on the Commission and Member States to guarantee social security, social protection and remuneration in the case of maternity parental, paternity or sick leave in order to enable a genuine work-life balance;
Amendment 407 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23.
Amendment 408 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Is concerned about the increased amount of involuntary part-time work, particularly among women with caring responsibilities, that increases their risk of in work poverty; stresses that when a worker chooses part-
Amendment 409 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Calls on the Member states to step up their efforts to combat undeclared work, precarious jobs and the abuse of atypical forms of contract, including zero- hour contracts in some Member States; is concerned about the increased use of temporary contracts, as well as irregularity and unpredictability of working hours (often referred to as 'flexibility'), and unsocial hours working time arrangements which are a problematic issue from the perspective of reconciliation;
Amendment 410 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Considers that excessive working hours have a great influence for the workers ability for self-development and lifelong learning and therefore encourages the Commission and the Member States to promote the advantages of increasing skills of the workers through the lifelong learning among the employers;
Amendment 411 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Asks the Commission to guarantee that part-time workers, workers facing job discontinuity and workers with career gaps or with periods where fewer hours were worked have an effective equalisation to full time workers in their right to access a decent pension scheme without any form of discrimination;
Amendment 412 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Stresses the urgent need to tackle the situation of precarious employment facing young professionals, including young women, including zero hour or exploitative contracts and low-quality internships, which make a healthy work- life balance impossible in the long-run;
Amendment 413 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Calls for a political rethink that recognises caring for families and raising children as real work that is measurable and constitutes, not only in demographic terms, a service to society;
Amendment 414 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Points out that excessive working hours and insufficient rest periods, as well as the disproportionate output required, are major factors in increased levels of occupational accidents and diseases;
Amendment 415 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Points out that excessive working hours and insufficient rest periods, as well as the disproportionate output required, are major factors in increased levels of occupational accidents and diseases;
Amendment 416 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Points out that excessive working hours and insufficient rest periods, as well as the disproportionate output required, are major factors in increased levels of occupational accidents and diseases;
Amendment 417 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Points out that excessive working hours and insufficient rest periods, atypical working hours, as well as the disproportionate output required, are major factors in increased levels of poor health and occupational accidents and diseases; points out that flexitime, predictable working hours and being able to take time off at short notice during working hours, positively influence the work-life balance[10a]; calls on the Commission to initiate infringement proceedings against Member States who are failing to implement the Working Time Directive; __________________ 10a Eurofound European Working Conditions Survey
Amendment 418 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Points out that excessive working hours and insufficient rest periods, as well as the disproportionate output required and job insecurity, are major factors in increased levels of occupational accidents and diseases, as well as stress and harm to mental health; calls on the Commission to initiate infringement proceedings against Member States who are failing to implement the Working Time Directive;
Amendment 419 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Points out that excessive working hours and insufficient rest periods, as well as the disproportionate output required, are major factors in increased levels of occupational accidents and diseases; calls on the Commission to initiate infringement proceedings against Member States who are failing to implement the Working Time Directive; recommends, to this end, close monitoring of takeovers and/or sales of companies with the aim of countering the trend towards the weakening of the provisions in employment contracts on working hours and rest periods;
Amendment 420 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) Amendment 421 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Highlights that women and LGBTI persons face specific gender- based obstacles and sources of stress at work, including harassment, exclusion, discrimination or gender stereotypes, which negatively impact their well-being at work, threaten their mental health and their ability to progress in their career; Calls on the Commission and Member States to take further steps tackle these adverse conditions by ensuring proper implementation of relevant anti- discrimination legislation, as well as gender-sensitive life-long learning programmes, and work with trade unions and civil society organisation;
Amendment 422 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Calls on the Commission to secure working hours respecting workers' health, safety and human dignity through the Working Time Directive and other relevant legislation and to regulate more efficiently the balance of work and private life of workers as well as to ensure a weekly rest period which shall, as far as possible, coincide with the day recognised by tradition or custom in the country or region on concerned as a day of rest;
Amendment 423 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Calls on Member States to build up and strengthen national labour inspection bodies by providing them with the financial conditions and financial and human resources to give them an effective presence on the ground and thereby enable them to combat job insecurity, unregulated work, and labour and wage discrimination, particularly from the point of view of equality between men and women;
Amendment 424 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Calls on Eurofound to keep monitoring how working time arrangements support work life balance and to monitor public policies and social partners' agreements in this field; calls on Eurofound to develop research on how dual worker households manage their working time arrangements together and how best to support them;
Amendment 425 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Stresses that a proper work-life balance helps to make workers more productive;
Amendment 426 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 Amendment 427 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Calls on the Commission to review and on Member States to implement the Equal Treatment Directive 2006/54/EC22 focusing on the added social value of family life; __________________ 22 Directive 2006/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 July 2006 on the implementation of the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment and occupation (recast), OJ L 204, 26.7.2006, p. 23.
Amendment 428 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. Welcomes the Commission's launch of a public consultation on the European Pillar of Social Rights to gather views and feedback on a number of essential principles to support well- functioning and fair labour markets and welfare systems within the euro area;
Amendment 429 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. Reiterates its call to Council for swiftly adopting the Proposal for a Council Directive on implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation;
Amendment 430 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. Considers that child poverty is linked to parents' poverty, and therefore calls on the Member States to implement the Recommendation on Child Poverty and well-being1a and to use the indicator- based monitoring framework therein; 1a.Directive 2006/54/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 5 July 2006 on the implementation of the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment and occupation (recast), OJ L 204, 26.07.2006, p. 23.
Amendment 431 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 b (new) 25b. Reiterates its call on the Commission and Member States to introduce a Child Guarantee with its specific fund, so that every child in poverty can have access to free healthcare, free education, free childcare, decent housing and adequate nutrition, as part of a European integrated plan to combat child poverty including both the Child Guarantee and programmes offering support and opportunities for the parents to come out of social exclusion situations and to integrate into the labour market1a; 1a.European Commission Recommendation on investing in children: breaking the cycle of disadvantage, Brussels, 20.2.2013 COM(2013)0778.
Amendment 432 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 c (new) 25c. Calls on Eurofound to continue measuring its concept of job quality1a as comprising: earning, prospects, working time quality, use of skills and discretion, social environment, physical risk, work intensity, social environment and to develop its research on policies, social partners agreement and companies practices supportive of job quality; 1a.Eurofound report on Trends in job quality in Europe (2012) and Eurofound report Convergence and divergence of job quality in Europe 1995-2010 (2015).
Amendment 433 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 d (new) 25d. Calls on Eurofound to keep monitoring and provide analyses of public policies and social partners agreements through its surveys, in particular the EWCS, in order to ensure that working time arrangements are negotiated and support work life balance, and to develop research on how dual workers household manage their working time arrangements together;
Amendment 434 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 e (new) 25e. Stresses the importance of the role of equality bodies in assisting victims of discrimination, addressing gender stereotypes and implementing this directive; also calls the Member States to ensure their independence and strengthen their capacities through the provision of adequate funding;
Amendment 435 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 f (new) 25f. Calls for full implementation of Directive 2006/54/EC on the implementation of the principle of equal opportunities and equal treatment of men and women in matters of employment and occupation, and for it to be revised with a compulsory requirement for companies to draw up measures or plans on gender equality, including actions on desegregation, the development of pay systems and measures to support women's careers;
Amendment 436 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 b (new) 25b. Points out that 'quality of life' is a broader concept than 'living conditions' and refers to the overall well-being of individuals in a society, identifying a number of dimensions of human existence as essential for a rounded human life;[11a] __________________ 11aEurofound 3rd European Quality of Life Survey
Amendment 437 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. Points out that 'quality of life' is a broader concept than 'living conditions' and refers to the overall well-being of individuals in a society;
Amendment 438 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Underlines that leisure inequality and unequal sharing of responsibilities between women and men
Amendment 439 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Underlines that leisure inequality and unequal sharing of responsibilities between women and men has an impact on women’s personal development, learning of new skills and languages,
Amendment 440 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26a. Stresses that the culture of presenteeism needs urgently to be changed for a culture of efficiency, because working more hours is not more productive; emphasises the advisability and efficiency of working through the day in one block and the importance of setting a rational time for finishing work (early afternoon) that facilitates establishing a work/life balance and enables parents to take genuine joint responsibility for the care of children and other dependent family members;
Amendment 441 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26a. Points to the need for specific proposals making for better balance in terms of working, family, and personal life by encouraging men and women to share occupational, family, and social responsibilities more evenly, especially where assistance to dependants and childcare are concerned;
Amendment 442 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26a. Underlines the importance of work-family life balance for the cohesion of the societies in Europe, which depend inter alia on voluntary but reliable engagements of its citizens for sport, cultural and social life;
Amendment 443 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26a. Stresses that time for the family, time spent with children and a proper division between family life and work markedly enhance quality of life;
Amendment 444 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 b (new) 26b. Stresses the importance - with regard to reconciling family life and work and to quality of life - of having days off work together;
Amendment 445 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 Amendment 446 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 27. Stresses that
Amendment 447 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 27. Stresses that
Amendment 448 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 27. Stresses that gender segregation, pay and pension gaps
Amendment 449 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 27. Stresses that gender segregation, pay, long life earnings and pension gaps, gender stereotypes and high levels of stress in managing professional and private life are reflected in women`s high physical inactivity rate and have a huge impact on their physical and mental health23 ; __________________ 23 European Parliament Directorate- General for Internal Policies of the Union study of March 2016 entitled ‘Differences
Amendment 450 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 a (new) 27a. Stresses the importance of combating stereotypes by promoting and defending gender equality during all stages of education, from primary school onwards, adapting the information to the age of the pupils; points too to the advisability of conducting awareness- raising and information campaigns and supporting programmes that promote gender equality and combat stereotypes;
Amendment 451 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 a (new) 27a. Underlines the importance of lifelong learning for adjusting workers to ever-changing working conditions, for self-development and to counteract professional burnout; encourages the Commission and Member States to promote lifelong learning;
Amendment 452 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Calls on the Member States
Amendment 453 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Calls on the Member States and social partners to develop and put in place policies for educational and training leave, as well as in-work vocational training and life-long learning, and to make learning inside and outside work accessible to workers, particularly those in disadvantaged situations, with an emphasis on women employees in sectors where women are structurally underrepresented;
Amendment 454 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Calls on the Member States and social partners to develop and put in place policies for educational and training leave and to make learning outside work accessible, in particular to workers in disadvantaged situations;
Amendment 455 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Calls on the Member States and social partners to develop and put in place policies for educational and training leave and to make learning outside work accessible to workers in disadvantaged situations, especially for the vulnerable groups of population, such as the persons with disabilities, the mono-parental families and the migrants;
Amendment 456 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Calls on the Member States and social partners to develop and put in place policies for educational and training leave and to make learning outside work accessible to workers in disadvantaged
Amendment 457 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 a (new) 28a. Urges the Commission not to recommend reorganisation and cuts in Member States’ government departments nor to support greater flexibility in employment or the privatisation of public services, as those approaches have unquestionably served to weaken the social rights of workers and have been felt more severely among women;
Amendment 458 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 a (new) 28a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to develop and implement policies that also give disadvantaged workers access to training and paid study opportunities, including in Member States other than their own;
Amendment 459 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 a (new) 28a. Calls on the Member States, in coordination with the Commission, to exchange good practices on incentives for families, such as free public transport passes, family discounts for cultural and tourist attractions, and discounts on education- or training-related products or services;
Amendment 460 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 29.
Amendment 461 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 29. Calls on the Member States to p
Amendment 462 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 29. Calls on the Member States to put in place adequate minimum income schemes to enable all people to live a life in dignity, to support their full participation in society and to ensure independence throughout the life cycle;
Amendment 463 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 29. Calls on the Member States to put in place adequate income schemes in line with national practices and traditions to enable people to live a life in dignity, to support full participation in society and to ensure independence throughout the life cycle;
Amendment 464 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 a (new) 29a. Deplores the situation many grandparents are in where, at an age when they should be enjoying peace and a well deserved retirement, they are swamped with family responsibilities as they have to care for their grandchildren because their children are unable to balance their working and family lives without their help;
source: 584.019
2016/06/14
EMPL, FEMM
133 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution Heading 1 on creating labour market conditions favourable
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 6 Amendment 100 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D i (new) Di. whereas it is vital to introduce measures to promote fathers' access to leave, particularly as fathers who take family leave build a better relationship with their children and are more likely to take an active role in future childcare tasks;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D j (new) Dj. whereas Eurofound studies have illustrated aspects that influence fathers’ take-up rate of parental leave, namely: the level of compensation, the flexibility of the leave system, the availability of information, the availability and flexibility of childcare facilities and fear of exclusion from the labour market due to taking leave;
Amendment 102 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D a (new) Da. whereas the harmful repercussions of the feminisation of poverty have the greatest impact on children raised by single mothers who are experiencing serious difficulties in reconciling the role of sole provider with their parenting responsibilities;
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas, acc
Amendment 104 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas family-friendly policies are essential in order to better address the demographic challenges faced across the European Union and trigger positive demographic trends;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas access to childcare services for young children is the main factor influencing the participation of women in the labour market and whereas achieving quality services means investing in the childcare workforce training1f; whereas only 11 Member States have met the first Barcelona target (childcare available for at least 90 % of children between the ages of 3 and the mandatory school age) and only 10 Member States have achieved the second target (at least 33 % of children under three years)19
Amendment 106 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas access to childcare services for young children is the main factor influencing the participation of women in the labour market; whereas for 27% of Europeans the poor quality of childcare made it difficult to access these services;[3a] whereas only 11 Member States have met the first Barcelona target (childcare available for at least 90 % of children between the ages of 3 and the mandatory school age) and only 10 Member States have achieved the second target (at least 33 % of children under three years)19 ; __________________ 19 Progress report on the Barcelona objectives of 29 May 2013 entitled ‘The development of childcare facilities for young children in Europe with a view to sustainable and inclusive growth’ (COM(2013)0322). 3aEurofound European Quality of Life Survey 2012
Amendment 107 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas access to childcare services for young children is
Amendment 108 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas access to
Amendment 109 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas access to childcare services for young children is
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 6 Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas access to childcare services for young children is one of the main factors influencing the participation of women in the labour market; whereas only 11 Member States have met the first Barcelona target (childcare available for at least 90 % of children between the ages of 3 and the mandatory school age) and only 10 Member States have achieved the second target (at least 33 % of children under three years)19
Amendment 111 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas for more women to enter the labour market there also needs to be an adequate supply at affordable prices of care services for the elderly and other dependent family members, as their care falls primarily upon women;
Amendment 112 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas EU policies have promoted the privatisation and destruction of the network of public services and infrastructure providing care for children, the elderly and the sick, and the supply of these high-quality and free public services is now reduced or non- existent;
Amendment 113 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas early childhood education and care and children's experiences from the ages of 0-3 have a decisive impact on the cognitive development of children, given that they develop essential capacities in the first five years;
Amendment 114 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E b (new) Eb. whereas work-life balance policies should also enable parents to fulfil their responsibilities towards their children, ensuring the financial means, time and support necessary for both mothers and fathers;
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E c (new) Ec. whereas Europe is the continent with the highest number of older citizens and an ageing process that will continue in the next decades; whereas many member states lack sufficient facilities in long-term care to address the increase in care needs and a stagnation to reduction of the healthy life years indicator; whereas most of the jobs created in formal home care for older relatives have low pay and require low qualifications;[4a] __________________ 4aEurofound (2013) Caring for children and dependants: Effect on carers of young workers.
Amendment 116 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E d (new) Ed. whereas 80% of care needs are provided by informal carers in the EU; whereas about 3.3 million Europeans aged between 15 and 34 have had to give up full-time work because they lack care facilities for dependent children or older relatives;
Amendment 117 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E e (new) Ee. whereas women more often than men take responsibility for the care of elderly, ill or dependent family members as well as for children, and put their careers on hold more regularly, resulting in lower participation and longer periods of inactivity in the labour market; whereas access to care services for young children and dependent and older persons is therefore a factor that influences the participation of women in the labour market;
Amendment 118 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E f (new) Ef. whereas only 11 Member States have met the first Barcelona target (childcare available for at least 90 % of children between the ages of 3 and the mandatory school age) and only 10 Member States have achieved the second target (at least 33 % of children under three years old); whereas the establishment of high-quality social services and facilities at affordable prices for early childhood education and care, or care for other dependent persons such as the elderly, would make it possible to increase women's participation in the labour market;
Amendment 119 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F a (new) Fa. whereas the lack of sufficient infrastructure offering quality and accessible childcare services for all income levels is contributing to the abandonment of work by mothers, who have to look after their own children;
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 8 Amendment 120 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E g (new) Eg. whereas adaptability of working hours may improve the balance between work and life provided that it is subject to conditions which prevent its imposing any additional burdens on workers; whereas the Commission, together with the Member States, should launch specific measures to foster a new kind of organisation of work, based on more flexible and effective job performance models; whereas these measures could help to reduce the discrimination against women and help them to enter, stay in and return to the job market without any economic and social pressure; whereas these measures would also enable both men and women to organise their work in the light of their specific needs so that they can make free time available for their personal development (sport, leisure, culture, family life, etc.);
Amendment 121 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E h (new) Eh. whereas Member States should promote, in both the public and private sectors, business welfare models to enable them to achieve a work-life balance;
Amendment 122 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F F. whereas allowing people time outside of work for personal development in the context of life-long learning benefits their wellbeing as well as their contribution to the economy
Amendment 123 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F F. whereas allowing
Amendment 124 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F F. whereas allowing people time outside of work for family and, in that connection, personal development in the context of life-long learning without them suffering discrimination as a result benefits their wellbeing as well as their contribution to the economy with more skills and higher productivity20; __________________ 20 CEDEFOP Research Paper: Training leave. Policies and practices in Europe, 2010.
Amendment 125 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F a (new) Fa. whereas ICT and emerging technologies have changed work and employment environments, organisational cultures and structures across sectors; whereas policy-making must stay up-to- date with technological developments, in order to ensure that social standards and gender equality advance rather than regress in these new circumstances;
Amendment 126 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F a (new) Fa. whereas the combination of care and paid work has an important impact on the sustainability of work and employment rates, in particular for women who might face at some stage in their life both or either care responsibilities for grandchildren and/or elderly parents[5a]; __________________ 5aEurofound report Sustainable work over the life course: Concept paper (2015)
Amendment 127 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F a (new) Fa. Whereas Member States and social partners together have the responsibility to find solutions and possibilities to improve the work/life balance;
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F a (new) Fa. whereas the reduction of working hours does not necessarily entail reduced productivity;
Amendment 129 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F b (new) Fb. whereas women are more likely than men to face poverty and social exclusion; whereas cuts to public services and austerity policies disproportionately impact women; whereas cuts to public services and economic hardship tend to increase women's informal care workload, lead to a work-life imbalance, and increase the likelihood of women's exclusion from the labour market;
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 8 — having regard to its resolution of
Amendment 130 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F b (new) Fb. whereas job insecurity does not enable people to plan their personal lives and set up a family;
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F c (new) Fc. whereas some legal systems in the EU maintain non-individualisation of tax and social security systems, with women granted only derived rights through their relationship to men, including for access to health and pension services; whereas Member States that impose dependency of the wife/mother are imposing direct discrimination against women, and denying full citizenship rights to women through the selective way state services are delivered;
Amendment 132 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F c (new) Fc. whereas targeted labour-market and work-life balance policies are required in order to take into account intersectional obstacles faced by vulnerable women in terms of work-life balance and job security, such as women with disabilities, young women, migrant and refugee women, women from ethic minority backgrounds, and LGBTI women;
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F c (new) Fc. whereas difficult working conditions may have a negative impact on family life;
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 10 Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 13 — having regard to its resolution of
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 13 Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 22 a (new) - having regard to the Commission communication of 2 February 2011 on Early Childhood Education and Care: Providing all our children with the best start for the world of tomorrow1a, __________________ 1a COM ((2011)0066) final.
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 22 b (new) - having regard to the Council conclusions of 15 June 2011 on early childhood education and care: providing all our children with the best start for the world of tomorrow1b , __________________ 1b OJ C 175, 15.6.2011, p. 8–10.
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 23 Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 2 — having regard to Articles 8, 10, 153(1)(i), 153(2) and 157 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 27 Amendment 21 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 28 Amendment 22 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 31 a (new) - having regard to the questions set to the Council and the Commission on maternity leave (O-000049/2015 – B8- 0119/2015 and O-000050/2015 – B8- 0120/2015),
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 38 — having regard to the European Institute for Gender Equality’s 2015 Gender Equality Index
Amendment 24 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 39 a (new) - having regard to the European Parliament Directorate-General for Internal Policies study titled 'Maternity, Paternity and Parental Leave: Data Related to Duration and Compensation Rates in the European Union',
Amendment 25 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 39 b (new) - having regard to the European Parliament Directorate-General for Internal Policies study entitled "Costs and benefits of maternity and paternity leave",
Amendment 26 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 39 c (new) - having regard to the European Parliament Directorate-General for Internal Policies of the Union study titled 'Discrimination Generated by the Intersection of Gender and Disability',
Amendment 27 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 41 a (new) Amendment 28 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 42 a (new) - having regard to the European Foundation study for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions titled 'Promoting parental and paternity leave among fathers',
Amendment 29 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 49 a (new) - having regard to the Council conclusions of 19 June 2015 on equal income opportunities for women and men: Closing the gender gap in pensions (10081/15),
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 2 — having regard to Articles 6(a), 8, 10, 153(1)
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 49 b (new) - having regard to the European Pact for gender equality for the period 2011-2020 adopted by conclusions of the Council of the European Union Council, 7 March 2011[1a ], __________________ 1a 3073th Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Affairs, Council meeting Brussels, 7 March 2011
Amendment 31 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A Amendment 32 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas achieving a genuine work- life balance requires not only comprehensive policies including measures for reconciling work, caring for and spending time with family, and time for leisure and personal development, but above all a cultural shift in society, changing its gender attitudes so that work and care are more evenly shared between men and women; Whereas in 2014, the EU 28 employment rate for men (aged 20-64) was 75% while it reached only 63,5% for women, despite the fact that women are better educated; Whereas promoting women's participation in the labour market and their economic independence is crucial for meeting the Europe 2020 headline target (75% of the population aged 20-64 employed by 2020), counteracting the shrinking of the working age population in most European Member States, and boosting growth; whereas GDP per capita losses attributable to gender gaps in the labour market have been estimated at up to 10 percent in Europe; whereas the number of women in the workforce is even lower when considering employment rates in full-time equivalents since the share of part-time employment among women is very high in some Member States, due to constraints such as the shortage of care services and unequal division of unpaid work, or low financial incentives to take up full-time work;
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas achieving a genuine work- life balance requires comprehensive policies including measures for reconciling work, caring for and spending time with family, and time for leisure and personal development; whereas increase in the full- time employment of women requires an increase in public and private spending on these policies;
Amendment 34 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas achieving a genuine work- life balance requires robust, cross-cutting, structural and comprehensive policies including measures for reconciling work, caring for and spending time with family, and time for leisure and personal development; that such policies must be considered the key instrument for dealing with this issue;
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas achieving a genuine work- life balance requires
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas achieving a genuine work- life balance requires comprehensive and coherent policies including incentives and efficient measures for reconciling work, caring for and spending time with family, and time for leisure and personal development;
Amendment 37 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas achieving a genuine
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas achieving a genuine work- life balance requires comprehensive policies including measures for reconciling work, caring for and spending time with friends and family, and time for leisure and personal development;
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas the first findings of the Eurofound 6th European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) show that European labour markets are highly gender segregated with substantial differences between women and men remaining in occupation, sector, contract type, pay, working time and the share of unpaid work; whereas the Survey states that achieving the Europe 2020 target of 75% of 20-64 years old in employment is strongly dependent on increasing participation of women in the labour market1c; __________________ 1c Eurofound (2015): First findings: Sixth European Working Conditions Survey.
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 3 — having regard to Articles 7, 9, 23, 24 and 33
Amendment 40 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas, in 2014, 5.1 million children were born in the EU-28, corresponding to a crude birth rate of 10.1; whereas, in comparison, this rate was 10.6 in 2000, 12.8 in 1985 and 16.4 in 1970; whereas EU faces a serious demographic challenge as the decrease of birth rates is constantly growing in most Member States, gradually transforming the Union to a gerontocratic society, causing a direct threat to social and economic growth and development;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas the traditional concept of women and men's roles and of nuclear family is further challenged as the number of single-parent families, families based on same-sex unions, adolescent mothers, etc. are on the rise in the EU; whereas a failure to acknowledge this diversity amounts to further discrimination and negatively affects people living in the EU and their families;
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas the political aim must be to adapt the world of work to the specific needs of families with children, and not the other way around;
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A b (new) Amendment 44 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A b (new) Ab. whereas equality between men and women is a fundamental principle of the European Union and Articles 21 and 23 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibit any discrimination on grounds of sex and require equality between men and women to be ensured in all areas, including in the achievement of a work-life balance;
Amendment 45 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A b (new) Ab. Whereas the roadmap presented by the Commission is a starting point but certainly not ambitious enough; whereas this opportunity must open a reorganisation process of the Work Life Balance situation of women and mean in Europe and must contribute significantly to achieve higher levels of gender equality;
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A c (new) Ac. whereas an adequate and proportionate balance between work and private life helps to promote social and professional well-being, economic growth and competitiveness within the EU, a rise in the birth rate within the EU and equity between the genders and generations;
Amendment 47 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A c (new) Ac. whereas the EWCS shows that atypical working hours often prevent workers from devoting time to their family, i.e. working on Saturdays and Sundays, overtime, shift and night work, and it raises health and safety concerns with increased risk of accidents at work and poorer health in the long term;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B b (new) Bb. whereas the first findings of the Eurofound 6th European Working Conditions Survey show that almost half of the workers have worked in their free time in the past year in order to meet work demands; whereas a significant proportion of workers in the EU has atypical working hours, including working on Saturdays and Sundays, working days of over 10 hours, shift and night work[2a]; whereas doubt has been raised whether long working hours are beneficial to the economy in terms of increased productivity; __________________ 2aEurofound European Working Conditions Survey
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas working hours are more often extended until late in the evening, workers are faced with night work, work on public holidays and Sundays without break and rest periods, which makes it difficult for workers to reconcile work with duties towards children and other dependents; whereas some sectors became more affected, such as retail services, where most of those employed are women;
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 49 c (new) - having regard to article 27 of the European Social Charter on the right of workers with family responsibilities to equal opportunities and equal treatment,
Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A d (new) Ad. whereas the policies to be implemented to attain these objectives must concentrate on women's access to the job market, men's willingness to develop their private lives, and the establishment of a coherent legislative framework in terms of adaptability of work;
Amendment 51 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas family and reconciliation policies are
Amendment 52 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas reconciliation policies are to be considered as an improvement of the working environment, enabling good working conditions and the wellbeing of workers; whereas these policies must be based on labour regulation and the negotiation and conclusion of collective labour agreements;
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas reconciliation policies are to be considered as an essential improvement of the working environment
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas reconciliation policies are
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas reconciliation policies are to be considered as an improvement of the working environment, enabling good working conditions
Amendment 56 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas reconciliation policies are to be considered as an improvement of the working environment, enabling good working conditions and the wellbeing of workers, all of which has a positive impact on the company in terms of improved productivity and results;
Amendment 57 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas in all industrialised countries the structure and organisation of work are changing radically, as working hours are being reduced in terms of both hours and days worked, and the place of work is increasingly the worker's home;
Amendment 58 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas only 11 % of mothers in Europe want to be in full-time employment and 63 % of women would like to have the option of more flexible working hours so that they can tailor them to their family responsibilities (Survey of Mothers in Europe 2011 results, Mouvement Mondial des Meres – Europe);
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas reconciling work and private life depends also on the working time arrangements at the workplace; whereas working time arrangements change regularly for 31% of employees, often at short notice1a; __________________ 1aEurofound European Working Conditions Survey
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 3 a (new) - having regard to the European Social Charter of 3 May 1996, in particular Part I and Part II, Articles 2 (5), 4 (1), 16 and 27,
Amendment 60 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas there is a need to address the low participation of women in the labour market by modernising the current policy framework in view of better balancing caring and professional life;
Amendment 61 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas among the various occupational categories, it is the self- employed and businesswomen who are having the greatest difficulty in achieving a work-life balance;
Amendment 62 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas a century ago, in 1919, the ILO introduced the rule of eight hours for working, eight hours for resting and eight hours for spending time with the family and for leisure;
Amendment 63 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B b (new) Bb. whereas working time of more than eight hours a day has a negative impact on workers’ health and well-being, leading to 61% higher risks (study conducted by the University of Massachusetts Medical School and the US Environmental Health Sciences Institute (published in the online International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine);
Amendment 64 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B b (new) Bb. whereas women in Europe are putting off the decision to have their first child for longer and longer, with the current average being roughly 30; whereas one reason is that it is very difficult to reconcile family and working life;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the Commission, in its communication on the European Social Pillar18, notes that ‘women continue to be underrepresented in employment, overrepresented in part-time work and low- paid sectors, and receive lower hourly wages also when performing equivalent work even though they have surpassed men in educational attainment’; __________________ 18 COM(2016) 127, 8.3.2016, Annex I. COM(2016) 127, 8.3.2016, Annex I.
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the Commission
Amendment 68 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas the struggle to reconcile family and working life is particularly difficult for single parents, the majority of whom are women; whereas in the 27 EU Member States no less than 34 % of single mothers are at risk of poverty, and children from those families are at a disproportionately greater risk of intergenerational transmission of poverty;
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas women are often faced with pregnancy and maternity-related discrimination in employment such as responding to pregnancy-related questions in job interviews, access to employment, dismissal from their work; denial of promotion, training, benefits, leaves or insurance or any other adjustments of working conditions or denial of workers’ rights;
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 3 b (new) - having regard to the European Pact for mental health and wellbeing of 2008 and its priority 'mental health in workplace settings',
Amendment 70 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas the implementation of work-life balance policies will not in itself produce benefits for workers unless it is accompanied by policies to improve living conditions, alongside policies to foster and promote cultural, recreational and sporting activities, among others;
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas even today there is still no uniform definition of parental and maternity leave, only a range of differing national concepts;
Amendment 72 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) Cb. whereas women entering and re- entering working life are playing a leading role in the return to growth and they make it possible for family income to increase, which leads to an increase in consumption, social security contributions and the volume of taxes collected, as well as revitalising the economy;
Amendment 73 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) Cb. whereas the decision by a woman to become a mother deserves greater recognition from society, and devoting oneself to family and motherhood should never be treated as a waste of time for society or for a woman’s personal development;
Amendment 74 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) Cb. whereas the gap between the richest and the poorest is widening in Europe, with a severe imbalance in the distribution of wealth, and whereas income distribution has a decisive impact on reducing cycles of social inequality;
Amendment 75 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C c (new) Cc. whereas poverty and widening inequalities have worsened with the macroeconomic policies implemented by the EU and the austerity measures imposed in response to the economic crisis;
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C d (new) Cd. whereas social inequalities and inequalities between men and women can be combated only through policies guaranteeing a better distribution of wealth, based on an increase in real wages, action to promote labour regulation and labour protection, in particular through collective bargaining and the regulation of working time, and guaranteed universal free access to high- quality public healthcare and education services;
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C e (new) Ce. whereas labour deregulation policies and the attack on collective bargaining are fostering an extension in working time in a number of Member States, without wage compensation, which is contributing to increased working class poverty; whereas these policies are promoting and encouraging precarious employment and the downgrading of the value of work, which has a particular impact on young people and working women, who are obliged to accept jobs with increasingly precarious conditions, often without any social protection; whereas these policies are compromising work-life reconciliation objectives;
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C f (new) Cf. whereas the 75 % employment rate target set for women in the Europe 2020 strategy is far from being on course to be achieved by 2020 (it currently stands at 63.5 %);
Amendment 79 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas, the current employment and social policies, along with the austerity measures imposed, impede growth and development in Europe; whereas these policies impede the attainment of the 75 % employment rate target set in the Europe 2020 strategy being achieved for women (it currently stands at 63.5 %); whereas, in the current context of European employment, socio- economical and equality policies, Europe 2020 strategy is an outdated text and the goals previously set are far from being reached; whereas without proactive policies designed and implemented to help women enter the job market, especially policies that promote a better work-life balance, any target set on European level cannot be actually reached;
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 4 Amendment 80 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C g (new) Cg. whereas gender equality in the labour market benefits not only women but the economy and society as a whole;
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas gender equality is a key economic asset to promote fair and inclusive economic growth, and reducing occupational inequality is not just a goal in terms of equal treatment, but also in terms of labour market efficiency and fluidity;
Amendment 82 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C h (new) Ch. whereas the gender pay gap stands at 16.3 % and whereas the atypical and uncertain forms of working contracts (zero hour contracts, fixed-term contracts, temporary work, part-time jobs etc.) also affect women more than men;
Amendment 83 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F a (new) Fa. whereas inequality in the labour- market carries life-long consequences and impacts on women's rights, such as pensions, as the 39% EU gender pension gap testifies, representing more than double the gender pay gap of 16%;
Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C i (new) Ci. whereas, very often, women who wish to set up a business have difficulty in gaining access to credit because traditional financial intermediaries are reluctant to grant loans, as they consider women entrepreneurs to be more exposed to risk and less likely to make their businesses grow;
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C j (new) Cj. whereas the stereotypes widely conveyed by society are rooted in patriarchy and leave women in a subordinate role in society; whereas these stereotypes start to develop during childhood and are reflected in educational and training choices and on into the labour market; whereas women are still too often confined to ‘women-friendly’ tasks and are often poorly paid; whereas these stereotypes in combination with the fact that male-dominated sectors are normative in setting wages lead to gender- based discrimination;
Amendment 86 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D b (new) Db. whereas traditional gender roles and labour market divisions dictate and reproduce stereotypes that impose an overwhelming amount of child care to be provided mainly by women, with negative implications for their personal, social, and economic independence and prospects; whereas, at the same time, men are deprived of the opportunity to equally participate in infant and child care;
Amendment 87 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas family-related types of leave are still often grounds for discrimination and stigmatisation despite existing legislation, and whereas the term 'leave' is in itself entirely misleading, in that it in fact denotes a period spent performing family duties which involves work and benefits society;
Amendment 88 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas family-related types of leave are still often grounds for discrimination and stigmatisation despite existing legislation; whereas such leave is not granted on the basis of 100% of reference pay, and this heightens the factors leading to discrimination and stigmatisation;
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas family-related types of leave
Amendment 9 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 5 Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas family-related types of leave are still often grounds for discrimination and stigmatisation despite existing
Amendment 91 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas family-related types of leave are still often grounds for discrimination and stigmatisation despite existing legislation, which particularly affects women;
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas family-related types of leave are still often grounds for discrimination and stigmatisation for both women and men despite existing legislation both at EU and national level;
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas family-related types of leave are still often grounds for discrimination and stigmatisation for both women and men despite existing legislation;
Amendment 94 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D a (new) Da. whereas, given the public policies currently in force in EU Member States, fathers' participation rate in parental leave remains low, with only 10 % of fathers taking at least one day of leave; in contrast, 97 % of women use the family leave available for both parents; whereas statistical data confirms that unpaid or poorly paid parental leave results in low participation rates; whereas non- transferable, properly paid parental leave is used in a more balanced way by both parents;
Amendment 95 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D a (new) Da. whereas not all Member States encourage fathers to make the most of paternity leave as a useful tool for making them feel responsible for looking after their own children and families; whereas, meanwhile, this is actually a valid tool for achieving genuine equality between women and men;
Amendment 96 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D f (new) Df. whereas available data confirms that unpaid or poorly paid family leave results in low participation rates, and whereas fathers make very little use of their parental leave rights; whereas entirely or partially non-transferable, properly paid parental leave is used in a more balanced way by both parents, and helps to reduce discrimination against women in the labour market;
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D g (new) Dg. whereas parental leave has long- term benefits for children’s development; whereas, within the framework of public policies in force on the matter, fathers’ participation rate in family leave (including parental leave) in the EU Member States remains low, with only 10 % of fathers taking at least one day of leave; whereas, in contrast, 97 % of women use the parental leave that is available for both parents; whereas, according to Eurostat, the number of people who took parental leave in 2010 was 3 518 600, and of those only 94 800 (2.7%) were men;
Amendment 98 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D h (new) Dh. whereas the differences in men’s and women’s uptake of maternity, paternity and parental leave manifest gender discrimination as regards taking responsibility for childcare and female labour market participation; whereas this discrimination also has an impact on women's financial independence and therefore on their autonomy;
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F b (new) Fb. whereas the overwhelming majority of workers taking parental leave are women, who also spend two to ten times more time on unpaid care than men[6a]; whereas this has negative consequences for women, such as lower pay, higher concentration in part-time work, career interruptions, a higher risk of poverty and social exclusion as well as a large gender pension gap (40%); __________________ 6aEurostat data for 2010, Commission report 2015 on Equality between women and men in the European Union, SWD(2016) 54 final
source: 583.884
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