Progress: Procedure completed
Role | Committee | Rapporteur | Shadows |
---|---|---|---|
Lead | DEVE | HAUTALA Heidi ( Verts/ALE) | ZELLER Joachim ( PPE), DANCE Seb ( S&D), DEVA Nirj ( ECR), MICHEL Louis ( ALDE), SCHAFFHAUSER Jean-Luc ( ENF) |
Committee Opinion | INTA | ARENA Maria ( S&D) | Sajjad KARIM ( ECR), Fernando RUAS ( PPE) |
Committee Opinion | ENVI | Paul BRANNEN ( S&D), Arne GERICKE ( ECR), Benedek JÁVOR ( Verts/ALE), Marijana PETIR ( PPE) |
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
RoP 54
Legal Basis:
RoP 54Subjects
Events
The European Parliament adopted by 354 votes to 53, with 266 abstentions, a resolution on the transparent and accountable management of natural resources in developing countries: the case of forests.
Deforestation and forest degradation is the second leading human cause of carbon emissions and accounts for nearly 20 % of global greenhouse gas emissions . Halting deforestation and forest degradation and allowing forests to regrow would provide at least 30 % of all mitigation action needed to limit global warming to 1.5°C.
Parliament called on the Commission to honour the European Union's international commitments, and in particular those made at COP21, to promote the sustainable management of all types of forests, to halt deforestation, to restore degraded forests and to substantially increase afforestation and reforestation worldwide by 2020.
Forest and land governance : Parliament called on the EU to establish stronger cooperation and effective partnerships with major timber-consuming countries and international stakeholders with a view to improving forest governance. It stressed the need to encourage participatory and community-based forest management by strengthening the involvement of civil society in the planning and implementation of forest management policies and projects, raising awareness and ensuring that local communities share the benefits of forest resources.
Members urged partner countries to recognise and protect the rights of local forest-dependent communities and indigenous peoples, notably indigenous women, to customary ownership and control of their lands. They called for the scrupulous application of the principle of free, prior and informed consent to large-scale land acquisitions.
The Commission is urged to immediately launch a thorough impact assessment, and a genuine stakeholder consultation, involving in particular local people and women, with the purpose of establishing a meaningful EU Action Plan on deforestation and forest degradation.
This plan should include concrete and coherent regulatory measures, including a monitoring mechanism, to ensure that no supply chains or financial transactions linked to the EU cause deforestation, forest degradation, or human rights violations.
An effective administrative complaints mechanism shall be put in place to allow victims of human rights violations and other harmful impacts to request the opening of investigation processes.
Responsible supply chains and financing : given that more than half of the commodities produced and exported onto the global market are products of illegal deforestation, Members noted that imports of timber and timber products should be more thoroughly checked at the EU borders, to ensure that the imported products do indeed comply with the criteria necessary to enter the EU. They noted that more than half of the commodities produced and exported onto the global market are products of illegal deforestation.
The global supply chains and financial flows only support legal, sustainable and deforestation-free production and do not result in human rights violations. The EU should reinforce private sector efforts through policies and appropriate measures creating a common baseline for all companies and levelling the playing field.
Parliament called on the EU to address global deforestation by regulating European trade and consumption of forest-risk commodities, such as soy, palm oil, eucalyptus, beef, leather and cocoa . This regulatory framework should:
establish mandatory criteria for sustainable and deforestation-free products; impose mandatory due diligence obligations on both upstream and downstream operators in forest-risk commodity supply chains; enforce traceability of commodities and transparency throughout the supply chain; require Member States’ competent authorities to investigate and prosecute EU nationals or EU-based companies that benefit from illegal land conversion in producer countries; comply with international human rights law.
In this context, Parliament highlighted the need to better inform consumers of the harmful effects of unsustainable palm oil production on the environment, the ultimate goal being to significantly reduce palm oil consumption.
Forest crime : Members noted that, according to UNEP and INTERPOL, illegal logging and trade in timber is one of the five most important sectors of environmental crime , increasingly involving transnational organised crime groups. They stressed the importance of combating the illegal trade in tropical timber . They called on the Commission and Member States to address the risks associated with war timber and to ensure that it is classified as illegal under voluntary partnership agreements.
Parliament stressed the importance of deploying truly dissuasive and effective penalties in producer countries to combat illegal logging and trade in timber. It suggested strengthening the implementation of the European Parliament and Council Regulation (EU) No 995/2010 on timber by requesting enhanced due diligence from operators importing from conflict-affected or high-risk areas, anti-bribery terms and conditions in contracts with suppliers. It called on the Commission to widen the scope of Directive 2008/99/EC on the protection of the environment through criminal law to include illegal timber logging.
Trade issues : Parliament urged the EU to systematically include, in the trade and sustainable development chapters binding and enforceable provisions to halt illegal logging, deforestation, forest degradation and land grabbing, and other human rights violations which are subject to suitable and effective dispute settlement mechanisms.
Members called for the EU to integrate forest diplomacy into its climate policy and to develop a green timber procurement policy to support the protection and restoration of forest ecosystems around the world.
The Development Committee adopted an own-initiative report by Heidi HAUTALA (Greens/EFA, FI) on transparent and accountable management of natural resources in developing countries: the case of forests.
The Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, exercising its prerogative as an associated committee in accordance with Article 54 of the Rules of Procedure, also gave its opinion on the report.
Members recalled that the Sustainable Development Agenda for 2030 recognises that biologically diverse forests play a critical role in sustainable development as well as for the Paris agreement . Sustainable and inclusive forest management and responsible use of forest commodities constitute the most effective and cheapest natural system for carbon capture and storage.
Stopping deforestation - which is responsible for 11% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions - and allowing forests to regrow would achieve at least 30% of all mitigation action needed to limit global warming to 1.5°, according to the report.
Members called on the Commission to honour the European Union's international commitments, in particular those made at COP21, the UN Forum on Forests (UNFF), the UN Convention on Biological Diversity, the New York Declaration on Forests and SDG 15.2, which aims to promote sustainable management of all types of forests, halt deforestation, restore degraded forests and substantially increase afforestation and reforestation globally by 2020 .
Forest and land governance : the report called on the EU to establish stronger cooperation and effective partnerships with major timber-consuming countries and international stakeholders. It stressed the need to encourage participatory and community-based forest management by strengthening the involvement of civil society in the planning and implementation of forest management policies and projects, raising awareness and ensuring that local communities share the benefits of forest resources.
Members urged partner countries to recognise and protect the rights of local forest-dependent communities and indigenous peoples , notably indigenous women, to customary ownership and control of their lands. They called for the scrupulous application of the principle of free, prior and informed consent to large-scale land acquisitions.
The Commission is urged to immediately launch a thorough impact assessment, and a genuine stakeholder consultation, involving in particular local people and women, with the purpose of establishing a meaningful EU Action Plan on deforestation and forest degradation.
This plan should include concrete and coherent regulatory measures, including a monitoring mechanism, to ensure that no supply chains or financial transactions linked to the EU cause deforestation, forest degradation, or human rights violations.
Responsible supply chains and financing : the report noted that imports of timber and timber products should be more thoroughly checked at the EU borders, to ensure that the imported products do indeed comply with the criteria necessary to enter the EU. They noted that more than half of the commodities produced and exported onto the global market are products of illegal deforestation.
The global supply chains and financial flows only support legal, sustainable and deforestation-free production and do not result in human rights violations.
The report called on the EU to address global deforestation by regulating European trade and consumption of forest-risk commodities, such as soy, palm oil, eucalyptus, beef, leather and cocoa.
This regulatory framework should
establish mandatory criteria for sustainable and deforestation-free products; impose mandatory due diligence obligations on both upstream and downstream operators in forest-risk commodity supply chains; enforce traceability of commodities and transparency throughout the supply chain; require Member States’ competent authorities to investigate and prosecute EU nationals or EU-based companies that benefit from illegal land conversion in producer countries; comply with international human rights law.
In this context, the report highlighted the need to better inform consumers of the harmful effects of unsustainable palm oil production on the environment, the ultimate goal being to significantly reduce palm oil consumption.
Forest crime : Members noted that, according to UNEP and INTERPOL, illegal logging and trade in timber is one of the five most important sectors of environmental crime , increasingly involving transnational organised crime groups. They stressed the importance of combating the illegal trade in tropical timber . They called on the Commission and Member States to address the risks associated with war timber and to ensure that it is classified as illegal under voluntary partnership agreements.
The report stressed the importance of deploying truly dissuasive and effective penalties in producer countries to combat illegal logging and trade in timber. It called on the Commission to widen the scope of Directive 2008/99/EC on the protection of the environment through criminal law to include illegal timber logging.
Lastly, on trade issues , the report urged the EU to systematically include, in the trade and sustainable development chapters binding and enforceable provisions to halt illegal logging, deforestation, forest degradation and land grabbing, and other human rights violations which are subject to suitable and effective dispute settlement mechanisms.
Documents
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2018)829
- Results of vote in Parliament: Results of vote in Parliament
- Decision by Parliament: T8-0333/2018
- Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
- Committee report tabled for plenary: A8-0249/2018
- Committee opinion: PE618.209
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE622.194
- Committee opinion: PE616.682
- Committee draft report: PE619.397
- Committee draft report: PE619.397
- Committee opinion: PE616.682
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE622.194
- Committee opinion: PE618.209
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2018)829
Activities
- José Inácio FARIA
- Ivan JAKOVČIĆ
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Ioan Mircea PAŞCU
- Jean-Luc SCHAFFHAUSER
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Indrek TARAND
Plenary Speeches (1)
Votes
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 54/1 11/09/2018 13:04:39.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 54/2 11/09/2018 13:04:54.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 56/2 11/09/2018 13:05:17.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 91/1 11/09/2018 13:08:20.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 91/2 11/09/2018 13:08:34.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 91/3 11/09/2018 13:08:49.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 92/1 11/09/2018 13:09:05.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - § 92/2 11/09/2018 13:09:20.000 #
A8-0249/2018 - Heidi Hautala - Résolution 11/09/2018 13:10:05.000 #
Amendments | Dossier |
345 |
2018/2003(INI)
2018/03/26
INTA
67 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Welcomes the progress made in FLEGT VPAs; calls on the Commission
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Notes that the implementation of VPA's will have more chances of succeeding if it foresees more targeted support for vulnerable groups, involved in managing timber resources (smallholders, micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), independent operators in the "informal" sector); stresses the importance of ensuring that the certification processes respect the interests of the more vulnerable groups involved in forest management.
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Emphasises the need to further improve implementation and enforcement of the EU timber regulation to best preserve sustainable trade in imported and domestically produced timber and timber products;
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Calls on the Commission to promote a correct allocation of resources by Member States, with harmonised sanctions, and interpretation;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new) Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new) 1c. Notes that the checking of imports of timber and timber products should be strengthened at the EU borders, to ensure that the imported products indeed comply with the criteria necessary to enter the EU.
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 d (new) 1d. Recalls that forests are home to 300 million habitants and that close to 1.6 billion people rely on forest resources for their livelihoods to generate food, fuel for cooking and heating, medicines, shelter, clothing, employment and income generation; notes that forest resources also function as safety nets in crises or emergencies - for example, when crops fail owing to prolonged drought; Considers that the EU should continuously work with its counterparts to ensure that the added value derived from forests is sustainable and according with the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes with concern that commercial export-oriented agriculture remains the largest driver of global deforestation, since around 75% of all deforestation now comes from conversion of natural forests for agriculture, and that around half of all tropical deforestation since 2000 has been due to the illegal conversion of forests to commercial agriculture; notes that the EU is the largest importer of palm oil and soy exports from tropical forest countries and that, according to recent estimates, soy, beef and palm oil, have been responsible for close to 80 % of tropical deforestation worldwide, while the role of commercial, export-oriented agriculture in driving deforestation has increased in the 21st century;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes with concern that
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes with concern that commercial export-oriented agriculture remains
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes with concern that
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Welcomes the progress made in FLEGT VPAs
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Reiterates its call on the EU to develop an action plan on deforestation and forest degradation which would include concrete regulatory measures to ensure that no supply chains and financial transactions linked to the EU result in deforestation and forest degradation
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Notes with concern that deforestation is considered as one of the contributing factors to global climate change and recalls that seventy percent of the world’s plants and animals live in forests and are losing their habitats due to deforestation;
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that the EU has regulated the supply chains of timber, fish and conflict minerals, but not yet o
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that the EU has regulated the supply chains of timber, fish and conflict minerals, but not yet of forest-risk agricultural commodities;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that the EU has regulated the supply chains of timber, fish and conflict minerals, but not yet of forest-risk agricultural commodities; urges the Commission to develop a legal framework to enforce due diligence obligations in the supply chain of these commodities, taking into account besides the environmental impacts, also the human rights impacts of deforestation, like land grabbing, severe intimidations to human rights defenders and slavery-like labour conditions;
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that the EU has regulated the supply chains of timber, fish and conflict minerals, but not yet of forest-risk agricultural commodities; urges the Commission to
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that the EU has regulated the supply chains of timber, fish and conflict minerals, but not yet of forest-risk agricultural commodities;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that the EU has regulated the supply chains of timber, fish and conflict minerals, but not
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that the EU has regulated the supply chains of timber, fish and conflict minerals, but not yet of forest-risk agricultural commodities; urges the Commission to develop a legal framework to enforce due diligence obligations in the supply chain of these commodities in such a way as to ensure legal certainty;
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Recalls that the European Court of Justice has stated, in its 2/15 Opinion on EU-Singapore FTA, that the EU has a legal obligation to integrate the objective of preserving and improving the quality of the environment and the sustainable management of global natural resources into the EU’s common commercial policy, that trade and sustainable development chapters have a direct and immediate effect on trade and that a breach on sustainable development provisions authorises the other Party to terminate or suspend the liberalisation provided for on other provisions of the FTA
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Welcomes the progress made in FLEGT VPAs; calls on the Commission to strengthen their implementation and to address remaining challenges such as corruption, conflict timber, forest degradation, transparency and the security of tenure for communities as a key principle of land governance; adds that the FLEGT Action Plan should also take into consideration new geographical priority areas, both VPA and non-VPA;
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Recalls that, although women are primary users of forests, they have particularly restricted access to land property and to formal work than men in forest areas, which reverts in a low degree of participation in decision making processes and programmes on forest management; calls on the Commission to actively engage with partner countries to ensure the inclusion of women in decision making bodies, consultations and programmes for efficient and fair forest management systems;
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Notes that Indonesia, while being the main palm oil producer together with Malaysia, has recently become the third highest CO2-emitter in the world; recalls that half of the area of illegally cleared forests is already being used for palm oil production for the EU market; notes with concern that the EU is a major importer of products resulting from deforestation;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Emphasises the need of expanding and reinforcing the arrangements for preventing, monitoring and verifying environmental and human rights impacts of EU bilateral and multilateral free trade and investment agreements, including via verifiable indicators and independent community-based monitoring and reporting initiatives;
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3b. Requests to the Commission to immediately add a forest conversion and deforestation dimension to the Impact Assessments and Sustainability Impact Assessments for FTAs, including for those that are being conducted for Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines; asks the Commission to immediately suspend these negotiations if it is found that they would have a negative impact on forest conversion and deforestation; urges the Commission to regularly monitor the sustainability of FTAs while being implemented and to immediately suspend preferential tariffs for those goods that are found to be responsible for deforestation and land conversion;
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include in its TSD chapters enforceable provisions
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include in its TSD chapters enforceable provisions
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include enforceable provisions in its TSD chapters to halt illegal logging and, deforestation and forest degradation, the illegal appropriation of land and other human rights violations, including through the possible use of sanctions, in ongoing FTA negotiations; calls on the Commission to add such provisions to already concluded FTAs through the revision clause by activating the review clause without delay;
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include enforceable provisions in its TSD chapters to halt illegal logging and forest degradation, including through the possible use of sanctions; calls on the Commission to add such provisions to already concluded FTAs through the revision clause; recalls the importance of tackling the illegal logging for domestic use, which in some countries and sectors exceed the quantity of exports;
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Welcomes the progress made in FLEGT VPAs; calls on the Commission to strengthen their implementation and to address remaining challenges such as corruption, conflict timber, forest degradation, transparency and the security of tenure for communities as a key principle of land governance; notes that the Commission is also negotiating VPA's with more countries, among others Vietnam; points out that the forthcoming Free Trade Agreement between the EU and Vietnam could have a negative incentive on illegally logged Vietnamese timber; urges the Commission to first have the VPA with Vietnam signed and fully implemented;
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include enforceable provisions in its TSD chapters to halt illegal logging and forest degradation, including through the
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include e
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Urges the EU to always include enforceable provisions in its TSD chapters to halt illegal logging and forest degradation,
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Recalls that Malaysia and Indonesia are the main producers of palm oil, with an estimated 85-90 % of global production, and that the growing demand for this commodity leads to deforestation, puts pressure on land use and has significant effects on local communities, health and climate change; stresses in this context to use negotiations for a trade agreement with Indonesia and Malaysia to improve the situation on the ground;
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Recalls that the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights must be respected; supports the ongoing negotiations to create a binding UN instrument on transnational corporations and other business with respect to human rights and stresses the importance of the EU being actively involved in this process;
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5.
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to use the GSP to improve the protection of forests in partner countries, including by setting up a complaint mechanism allowing interested parties to submit complaints, which shall take into special consideration the rights of the indigenous peoples, forest- dependent communities, and the rights granted under ILO Convention C169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples where applicable ;
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to use the GSP to improve the protection of forests in partner countries, including by
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Urges the Commission to include illegal forest practices, as under-pricing of wood in concessions, harvesting of protected trees by commercial corporations, smuggling of forest products across borders, illegal logging and processing forest raw materials without a license into the scope of the anti-corruption chapters in FTA’s;
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Welcomes the progress made in FLEGT VPAs; calls on the Commission to strengthen and speed up their implementation and to address remaining challenges such as corruption, conflict timber, forest degradation, transparency and the security of tenure for communities as a key principle of land governance;
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6.
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6.
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Urges the Commission to include illegal logging within the scope of
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Recalls the importance of adequate access to justice, legal remedies, and effective protection for whistleblowers in natural resources exporting countries in order to ensure the efficiency of any legislation or initiative;
Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls for the EU to work towards a transparent, functioning and mandatory ‘social and environmental traceability’ labelling system for the production chain of timber and forest-risk agricultural commodities, in compliance with WTO provisions, and to promote similar action at international level, action which should remain practical and financially affordable, in particular for smaller producers;
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls for the EU to work towards a
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls for the EU to consider work towards a transparent
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls for the EU to work towards a transparent, functioning and
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls for the EU to
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls for the EU to
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Underlines the importance of combating illegal trade in tropical timber; suggests to the Commission that future negotiations of FLEGT Export Licenses to verified legal timber products exported to the EU, take into consideration the Indonesian system experience, effective since November 2016; requests to the Commission an autonomous impact assessment study on the implementation of the Indonesian timber legality assurance system, which should be presented within an adequate period of time;
Amendment 60 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Calls on the EU to establish stronger cooperation and effective partnerships with major timber consuming countries and international stakeholders, such as the United Nations (UN), particularly the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), as well as the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) and the World Bank's Program on Forests (PROFOR), for a more effective reduction in the illegal logged timber trade at global level and a better overall forest governance.
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Recalls that responsible governance of tenure of land and forests is essential to ensure social stability, sustainable use of the environment and responsible investment for sustainable development;
Amendment 62 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the
Amendment 63 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU to
Amendment 64 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU to develop provisions to enforce social and environmental standards for investors and to prevent investment activities which
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU to develop provisions to
Amendment 66 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU to
Amendment 67 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU to develop provisions to enforce practical social and environmental standards for investors and to prevent investment activities which encourage deforestation and illegal logging.
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Recalls that conflict timber is already an Action Area of the FLEGT Action Plan but that insufficient work has been done to address this issue; calls on the Commission to deliver on its commitment to extend the due diligence obligations provided by the EU Timber Regulation so as to cover conflict timber in the framework of the upcoming review;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Calls on the Commission to explicitly address conflict timber in the FLEGT regulation or bilateral agreements; treating it as illegal; suspending bilateral agreements and notifying Member State authorities without having to wait for UN or EC sanctions;
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Acknowledges the important work conducted under The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the UN Food and Agriculture Organization ( FAO) with regards to global sustainable forest management which plays a key role for sustainable trade in the same;
source: 619.353
2018/03/27
ENVI
82 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1 b. Notes that halting deforestation and forest degradation, and allowing forests to regrow, would provide at least 30% of all mitigation action needed to limit global warming to 1.5°C.1a _________________ 1a Goodman R. C. and Herold M. (November 2014) Why Maintaining Tropical Forests is Essential and Urgent for Maintaining a Stable Climate, Working Paper 385, Center for Global Development. McKinsey & Company. 2009. Pathways to a low-carbon economy. McKinsey & Company (2009). Pathways to a Low - Carbon Economy: Version 2 of the Global Greenhouse Gas Abatement Cost Curve
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new) 1 c. Points out that reforestation, restoration of existing degraded forests and increasing tree cover on agricultural landscapes via agroforestry represent the only available source of negative emissions with significant potential to contribute to achievement of Paris Agreement goals;
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new) 1 c. Notes that forests are not only an essential source of timber, food and fibres, but they are also home to 80% of the world’s terrestrial biodiversity, are a major provider of various ecosystem services, and play a significant role in the global carbon cycle;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 e (new) 1 e. Notes that it is well established and uncontested that the conversion of tropical forest to agriculture, plantations and other land uses causes a significant loss of species, and particularly forest specialist species.
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1 b. Notes that forests are home to 80% of the world’s terrestrial biodiversity, threatened by deforestation and forest degradation;
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 f (new) 1 f. Notes that more than half of commodities produced and exported into the global market are products of illegal deforestation6a.Taking into account agriculture-related forest risk- commodities, it is considered that 65 % of Brazilian beef exports, 9 % of Argentina’s beef export, 41 % of Brazil’s soy exports, 5 % of Argentina’s soy and 30 % Paraguay’s soy export are likely linked to illegal deforestation. Further notes that EU producers import significant amounts of feed and proteins from the developing countries. _________________ 6a Forest Trends Report Series, 2014: Consumer Goods and Deforestation: An Analysis of the Extent and Nature of Illegality in Forest Conversion for Agriculture and Timber Plantations
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 d (new) 1 d. Notes that agricultural expansion (commercial and subsistence) drove more than 80% of all deforestation, while mining, urban expansion and infrastructure were responsible for less than 10% each; notes, in addition, that the environmental impact of unsustainable and illegal logging remains significant, especially in terms of forest degradation, which is a precursor of deforestation; points out that associated commodities are the fastest growing threat; considers that by importing these products, which include palm oil, beef and leather, soy, cocoa and timber, the EU is part of this problem;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 e (new) 1 e. Notes that EU’s responsibility and the main EU drivers of deforestation and forest degradation are unsustainable consumption particularly of meat and dairy, unregulated supply of agricultural products such as soy and palm oil, uncontrolled flows of finance that support the sectors driving deforestation and forest degradation, biofuel consumption for transport and growing demand for forest biomass for energy, etc.
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 f (new) 1 f. Is fully aware of how complex the issue of deforestation is and emphasises the importance of developing a global solution based on the collective responsibility of many actors; strongly recommends this principle for all those involved in its supply chain, including: the EU and other international organisations, the Member States, financial institutions, the governments of producer countries, indigenous people and local communities, national and multinational businesses, consumer associations, and NGOs; is convinced, moreover, that all of these actors must necessarily play a part by coordinating their efforts in order to resolve the many serious problems linked to deforestation;
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 g (new) 1 g. Notes that recent research proves that agroforestry poly-cropping applied to e.g. cocoa, rubber, palm oil plantations can offer combined benefits in terms of biodiversity, productivity and positive social outcomes.
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that deforestation and forest degradation are the second leading cause of
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 g (new) 1 g. Notes the importance of the Amsterdam declaration on eliminating deforestation from agricultural commodity chains and to the New York Declaration on Forests (2014), endorsed by the EU and many corporate actors;
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 d (new) 1 d. Recalls the Bonn Challenge5a targeting the goal of restoring of 350 million hectares of degraded and deforested land by 2030 that could generate about US$ 170 billion per year in net benefits from watershed protection, improved crop yields and forest products, and could sequester up to 1.7 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent annually; _________________ 5ainfo available at https://www.iucn.org/theme/forests/our- work/forest-landscape-restoration/bonn- challenge
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 h (new) 1 h. Stresses that secondary forests, regenerating largely through natural processes after significant human or natural disturbance of the primary forests, provide, next to primary forests, also crucial ecosystem services, livelihood for local population as well timber provision; considers that as their survival is threatened also by illegal logging, any action addressing transparency and accountability of forest management should target also secondary, and not only primary forests;
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 h (new) 1 h. Notes that deforestation contributes 11 percent of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, more than all passenger cars combined;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 i (new) 1 i. Welcomes that major private sector actors (very often from the EU) have pledged to eliminate deforestation from their supply chains and investments; notes however that the EU must rise to the challenge and reinforce private sector efforts through policies and appropriate measures creating a common baseline for all companies and levelling the playing field; Considers that this would boost pledges, generate trust and make the companies more accountable to their commitments;
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 i (new) 1 i. Stresses that the gap in implementation of the EU Timber Regulation could be a driver for unsustainable management of forests in sourcing countries, as the chain of control is only as strong as its weakest link in the single market; notes in this context that in some Member States the act transposing the Regulation enters into force only in April 2018;7a _________________ 7aThe law transposing the EUTR enters into force in Slovakia on 1st April 2018
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 j (new) 1 j. Notes the opening of the public consultation on the products´ scope of the Timber Regulation; Considers that the possible choice in the questionnaire of the reduction of the scope to be covered by the Regulation is not a justified one given that illegal trade flourishes within the current scope of the Regulation; Further notes a favourable position of the European Confederation of the Woodworking Industries towards extending the scope of the Timber Regulation to all wood products;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 k (new) 1 k. Notes that the assessment of whether penalties laid down by Member States are effective, proportionate and dissuasive was not possible to be made in the Review of the EU Timber Regulation (2016)8aas the number of sanctions applied so far has been very low; questions the applied criterion for set penalties by some Member States being ´the national economic conditions´ given the international aspect of the crime ranking number one in environmental crimes in the world; _________________ 8a SWD(2016)34 final
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 l (new) 1 l. Notes that it was revealed that FLEGT export licences allow for illegally sourced wood to be mixed with legal timber and therefore could potentially be exported to the EU as compliant with EU Timber Regulation. 9a _________________ 9aThe Environmental Investigation Agency’s (EIA) and the Indonesian Forest Monitoring Network’s (Jaringan Pemantau Independen Kehutanan/JPIK)’s 2014 Permitting Crime Report found that some TLAS- licensed companies are involved in “timber laundering,” mixing illegally sourced woods with legal timber. Today, these woods could potentially be exported to the EU as FLEGT-licensed timber. Available at http://www.wri.org/blog/2018/01/indonesi a-has-carrot-end-illegal-logging-now-it- needs-stick primary source https://eia- international.org/wp- content/uploads/Permitting-Crime.pdf
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 m (new) 1 m. Notes the existence of models of community forestry/collective customary tenure which can bring a number of benefits10a including an increase in the forest area and in available water resources, fight against illegal logging by putting clear rules in place on timber access and a strong system of forest monitoring; proposes that more research and support is provided to help develop legal frameworks on community forestry; _________________ 10aa case from Nepal presented by ClientEarth, available at https://www.clientearth.org/what-can-we- learn-from-community-forests-in-nepal/
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that deforestation and forest degradation are the second leading cause of global warming1 ; notes that global deforestation is caused by several factors, including the production of agricultural raw materials such as soy, beef, maize and palm oil; _________________ 1
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 n (new) 1 n. Stresses that recognition of tenure rights of peoples e.g. via constitution is not necessarily applied in practice11a and therefore ensuring that tenure rights are respected should be actively screened by the EU for the purpose of Voluntary Partnership Agreements (VPA) and for individual cases of EU development funding; _________________ 11arecent case (WaTER project financed by DG DEVCO) of violation of tenure rights of Kenyan indigenous peoples Ogiek and Sengwer despite the recognition of their rights to land in the Constitution, particularly Article 63(2)(d)) and in the 2016 Community Land Act
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 o (new) 1 o. Recalls that the report by the Commission on the functioning of the Transparency Directive 2013/50/EU that introduces disclosure requirement for payments to governments by listed and large non-listed companies with activities in the extractive industry and logging of primary (natural and semi-natural) forests should be submitted by 27th November 2018 to the European Parliament and the Council; further notes that this should be accompanied by a legislative proposal; in light of a possible review calls on the Commission to consider extending the obligation to other industry sectors affecting forests, and to other forests than primary forests;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to hono
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Notes that agroforestry can play an important role in the agricultural and environmental policies, while it contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals; highlights that agroforestry systems can be implemented together with the smart village approach globally to diversify production, provide ecosystem services, thus increasing both resilience and profitability;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Calls on the Commission to follow up on its resolution on "palm oil and deforestation of rainforests" (A8-0066 / 2017), introducing sustainability criteria for palm oil and for products that contain it entering the EU market, a unique certification scheme and improving the traceability of imported palm oil;
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Calls for better enforcement of the EU Timber Regulation, including on complex supply chains and imports from processing countries e.g. China, and to make sanctions more robust and dissuasive for all economic players in the single market proportionately to this being an international crime.
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Recalls specifically that the Union has committed to the Aichi Targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity, requiring 17% of all habitats to be conserved, 15% of degraded ecosystems to be restored and forest loss to be brought close to zero, or at least halved by 2020;
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Calls on the Member States in which deforestation has taken place, and in line with their commitments under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, to set more ambitious reforestation objectives.
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new) 2 b. Considers that efforts to halt deforestation must include local capacity- building, technological aid, the sharing of best practices between communities and support to help smallholders make the most effective use of their existing croplands without resorting to further forest conversion; stresses, in this context, the strong potential of agro-ecological practices to maximise ecosystem functions via mixed, high diversity planting, agroforestry and permaculture techniques, without resorting to input dependency or monocultures.
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that deforestation and forest degradation are the second leading cause of global warming1 ; Emphasizes the importance of the right policy approaches for the integral and sustainable management of forests in order to deliver both carbon and non-carbon benefits1a _________________ 1
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new) 2 b. Recalls in particular the Union's collective commitments under the New York Declaration on forests to restore 150 million hectares of degraded landscapes and forestlands by 2020 and significantly increase the rate of global restoration thereafter, which would restore at least an additional 200 million hectares by 2030;
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 c (new) 2 c. Recalls its resolution of 4 April 2017 on Palm Oil and Deforestation of Rainforests, including the recognition that 73 % of global deforestation arises from the clearing of land for agricultural commodities, with 40 % of global deforestation caused by conversion to large-scale monocultural oil palm plantations and that the EU is a major importer of products resulting from deforestration; furthermore recalls EP amendments on the Renewables Directive phasing out the incentives for use of palm oil in transport fuels by 2021;
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 c (new) 2 c. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to co-ordinate donor policies and ensure that development funding through these not be used to support the expansion of industrial scale logging into intact tropical forests; calls for suspension of funding for any project where a substantiated claim of such logging exists until such a claim is dismissed or correction measures are applied;
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 d (new) 2 d. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to expand the scope of the EU Timber Regulation to cover all products that are or may be made of wood, and that contain or may contain wood, taking into account impact on pulp and wood processing industries in the European Union and unfair competition with products currently not covered by the legislation (e.g. printed paper) entering the EU without any guarantee of the prime material being legally sourced wood.
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls for the EU to maintain its commitment to step up ongoing negotiations on the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) Voluntary Partnership Agreements; stresses the need to ensure that logging concessions awarded corruptly or illegally are not legitimised through the VPA and that these agreements are in line with international law and commitments concerning environmental protection, human rights and sustainable development, and that they bring about adequate measures for the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including the legal protection of the rights of local communities and indigenous peoples
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls for the EU to maintain its commitment to step up ongoing negotiations on the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) Voluntary Partnership Agreements; stresses the need to ensure that these agreements are in line with international law and commitments concerning environmental protection, human rights and sustainable development, and that they bring about adequate measures for the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including especially the protection of the rights of local communities and indigenous peoples, who have been too often ignored heretofore, even actively attacked and displaced in many instances;
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls for the EU to maintain its commitment to step up ongoing negotiations on the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) Voluntary Partnership Agreements; stresses the need to ensure that these agreements are in line with international law and commitments concerning environmental protection, human rights and sustainable development, and that they bring about adequate measures for the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including the protection of the rights of local communities and indigenous peoples and that they address problems in the global trade in timber products, such as conflict timber and conversion timber;
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls for the EU to maintain its commitment to step up ongoing negotiations on the Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) Voluntary Partnership Agreements; stresses the need to ensure that these agreements are in line with international law and commitments concerning environmental protection, human rights and sustainable development, and that they bring about adequate measures for the conservation and sustainable management of forests, including the protection of the rights of local communities and indigenous peoples, but also protection of the environment and biodiversity;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Points to the Amsterdam Declaration of 7 December 2015 entitled ‘Towards Eliminating Deforestation from Agricultural Commodity Chains with European Countries’, in support of a fully sustainable palm oil supply chain by 2020 and in support of an end to illegal deforestation by 2020,
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Calls on the UE to support initiatives by forest-rich developing countries aimed at counterbalancing the unfettered expansion of agricultural practices and mining activities which had an adverse impact on the management of forests, on the livelihood and cultural integrity of indigenous peoples as well as detrimental consequences on the social stability and the food sovereignty of farmers;
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Affirms the relevance of the type of forest management for the carbon balance in the tropics, as recent papers2a have pointed towards the subtler forms of degradation, and not only large scale deforestation as previously researched, likely to be a very significant source of carbon emissions accounting for more than half of emissions. _________________ 2aA.Baccini et al., 2017: Tropical forests are a net carbon source based on aboveground measurements
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Notes that the FLEGT process should tackle the underlying causes of deforestation in producer countries which include insecure land tenure, weak law enforcement and weak governance;
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3 b. Calls for the EU, in its dialogue with forest-rich developing countries, to raise the need of introducing adequate compensation schemes and programmes for local communities who were forcefully displaced and deprived of access to their customary land and resources and in all situations where their free prior and informed consent (FPIC) was not obtained;
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3b. Is pleased that, as long ago as 2015, five Member States and signatories to the Amsterdam Declaration - Denmark, Germany, France, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands - agreed to provide government support for the scheme to make the palm oil industry 100 % certified sustainable by 2020;
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls for the EU to create, as a supplementary element of Voluntary Partnership Agreements, follow-up legislation on such agreements along the lines of the EU Timber Regulation which includes both companies and financial institutions;
Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls for the EU to
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls for the EU to create, as a supplementary element of Voluntary Partnership Agreements, follow-up legislation on such agreements along the lines of the EU Timber Regulation which includes both companies and financial institutions; notes
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Urges the Commission, and all Member States that have not yet done so, to work towards the establishment of an EU-wide commitment of sourcing only certified sustainable palm oil by 2020 by, inter alia, signing and implementing the Amsterdam Declaration ‘Towards Eliminating Deforestation from Agricultural Commodity Chains with European Countries’, and to work towards the establishment of an industry commitment by, inter alia, signing and implementing the Amsterdam Declaration ‘In Support of a Fully Sustainable Palm Oil Supply Chain by 2020';
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Calls on the Commission to update the EU Timber Regulation guidance to address conflict timber and recommend more detailed risk mitigation measures to strengthen enforcement including requesting enhanced due diligence from operators importing from conflict-affected or high-risk areas, anti-bribery terms and conditions in contracts with suppliers, the implementation of anti-corruption compliance provisions, audited financial statements, and anti-corruption audits;
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Calls on the Commission and Member States to develop a process that is triggered when conflict breaks out in a VPA partner country, including appointment of an independent panel to conduct an assessment of the risk of conflict timber and need for VPA suspension at all stages of negotiations where evidence that timber trade revenues are fuelling conflict;
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to ensure the coherence of and to boost synergies between the common agricultural policy (CAP) and other EU policies, and to ensure that they are conducted in a manner consistent with programmes aimed at combating deforestation in developing countries, including REDD+;
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new) 1 c. Welcomes the publication of the Feasibility study4a on options to step up EU Action against deforestation commissioned by the European Commission’s Directorate General for Environment; notes that the EU is presented as a major economic actor where its demand for forest-risk commodities (of categories of annual crops (e.g. maize, soy), perennial crops (e.g. coffee, palm oil, rubber), livestock (e.g. beef), forest-based (timber, pellets) and extractive industries) plays a larger role than many other regions, with a notable exception of China; and EU demand is clearly a driver of the problem of global deforestation; _________________ 4aFinal report published in 1/2018; developed by a consortium led by COWI, and including Ecofys and Milieu; available at http://ec.europa.eu/environment/forests/p df/feasibility_study_deforestation_kh0418 199enn_main_report.pdf
Amendment 60 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to ensure the coherence of and to boost synergies between the
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to ensure the coherence of and to boost synergies between the common agricultural policy (CAP) and other EU policies, and to ensure that they are conducted in a manner consistent with programmes aimed at combating deforestation in developing countries, including REDD+; calls on the Commission to ensure that the CAP reform does not lead, directly or indirectly, to further deforestation
Amendment 62 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to ensure the coherence of and to boost synergies between the common agricultural policy (CAP) and other EU policies, and to ensure
Amendment 63 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Commission to ensure the coherence of and to boost synergies between the common agricultural policy (CAP) and other EU policies, and to ensure that they are conducted in a manner consistent with programmes aimed at combating deforestation in developing countries, including REDD+; calls on the Commission to ensure that the CAP reform does not lead, directly or indirectly, to further deforestation in developing countries and that it supports the goal of putting an end to global deforestation; calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that the environmental problems relating to deforestation are also addressed in the light of the objectives set by the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020, which should be an integral part of the Union’s external action in this area;
Amendment 64 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Considers that mapping, including by means of satellite and geospatial technologies, is crucial to ensure transparency and accountability in the management of forests and to put in place targeted strategies for forestation, reforestation and the creation of ecological corridors; calls therefore on the Commission and the Member States to provide technical and financial assistance to forest-rich developing countries in order to support the thorough mapping of their forests, also by backing up projects on collaborative mapping run jointly by NGOs, forestry organisations, scientists and local experts;
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Notes the results of a recent study by the Commission identifying the high level of meat consumption in the EU, requiring vast amounts of imported animal feed, as a significant driver of deforestation;
Amendment 66 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5 b. Calls on the Commission to ensure that the future common agricultural policy encourages lower consumption of meat and dedicated actions to reduce imports of feed, such as soy, for the EU livestock sector by increasing vegetable protein production in Europe;
Amendment 67 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new) 5 c. Calls for the Commission to come forward with legislative proposals to tackle the impact on global deforestation caused by the Union trade in crop and animal products including beef, soy and palm oil;
Amendment 68 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 d (new) 5 d. Notes that agroecological practices have a strong potential to maximise ecosystem functions via mixed, high diversity planting, agroforestry and permaculture techniques, which can also deliver excess benefits in term of productivity and social outcomes;
Amendment 69 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6.
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Notes that the long awaited European Commission study1a released on 19.3.2018 recognises that “the EU is clearly part of the problem of global deforestation”; notes that this study focuses mainly on seven forest risk commodities: palm oil, soy, rubber, beef, maize, cocoa and coffee; _________________ 1aCommission study on the feasibility of options to step up EU action to combat deforestation and forest degradation http://ec.europa.eu/environment/forests/p df/feasibility_study_deforestation_kh0418 199enn_main_report.pdf
Amendment 70 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for the EU to establish a binding regulatory framework to ensure that all agricultural commodity importers’ supply chains are traceable back to the origin of the raw material; notes that the new technologies, e.g. blockchain technology can be used to track origin of commodities, and stresses that this could be used in practice to increase transparency around the origin of different commodities and practically remove forest degradation and deforestation from the supply chains
Amendment 71 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Calls on the Commission and Member States to fully implement and enforce the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR); emphasises in particular the requirement to carry out adequate and effective checks and to impose effective, dissuasive and proportionate sanctions on non-compliant operators, and urges the Commission to expand the product scope of the EUTR to all products containing wood;
Amendment 72 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Calls on the EU to ensure that the measures put in place and the regulatory framework do not give rise to undue burdens on small and medium-sized producers or prevent their access to markets and international trade;
Amendment 73 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Calls on the Commission to develop a certification scheme for sustainably produced, deforestation-free products entering the EU market;
Amendment 74 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. Recalls its position that "the contribution from biofuels and bioliquids produced from palm oil shall be 0 % from 2021"; expresses concern regarding EU biofuels policy that supports deforestation and the lack of sustainability criteria for forest biomass in REDII;
Amendment 75 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 c (new) 6 c. Regarding palm oil acknowledges the positive contribution made by existing certification schemes, but observes with regret that RSPO, ISPO, MSPO, and all other recognised major certification schemes do not effectively prohibit their members from converting rainforests or peatlands into palm plantations; considers, therefore, that these major certification schemes fail to effectively limit greenhouse gas emissions during the establishment and operation of the plantations, and have consequently been unable to prevent massive forest and peat fires; calls on the Commission to ensure that independent auditing and monitoring of those certification schemes is carried out, so as to guarantee that the palm oil placed on the EU market fulfils all necessary standards and is sustainable; notes that the issue of sustainability in the palm oil sector cannot be addressed by voluntary measures and policies alone, but that palm oil companies should also be subject to binding rules and a mandatory certification scheme;
Amendment 76 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7.
Amendment 77 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls on the Commission to
Amendment 78 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls on the Commission to press ahead with developing an EU action plan on deforestation and forest degradation, which would include concrete regulatory measures to ensure that no supply chains or financial transactions linked to the EU result in deforestation or forest degradation in developing countries.
Amendment 79 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 a (new) 7 a. Calls for such legislative action to include mandatory due diligence requirements on the chain of operators using forest risk commodities and obligations on financial institutions to take action to eliminate the risk of deforestation resulting from financial investments;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Recalls that the Paris Agreement requires all Parties to take action to conserve and enhance sinks, including forests;
Amendment 80 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 b (new) 7 b. Emphasises that Union trade negotiations need to be in line with Union commitments to take action to reduce deforestation and forest degradation, and to enhance forest carbon stocks in developing countries;
Amendment 81 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 c (new) 7 c. Calls on the Commission and Member States to make full use of existing diplomatic and institutional processes and dialogues to encourage countries which process and/or import significant quantities of tropical timber, in particular where those timber products are then exported to the EU, like China and Vietnam, to adopt effective legislation banning the importation of illegally harvested timber and requiring operators to conduct due diligence comparable to the EU Timber Regulation;
Amendment 82 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 e (new) 2 e. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to make full use of existing diplomatic and institutional processes and dialogues to encourage countries which process and/or import significant quantities of tropical timber, e.g. China or Vietnam, to adopt effective legislation banning the imports of illegally harvested timber and requiring operators to conduct due diligence;
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1 b. Acknowledges that forest crime, such as illegal logging, has been estimated3a to represent a value of 50-152 bln USD in 2016, up from 30-100 bln in 2014 and ranks number one in revenues among environmental crimes globally; notes that it has a serious role in financing organized crime and that it significantly impoverishes governments, nations and local communities due to uncollected revenues. _________________ 3a UNEP, 2017: The Rise of Environmental Crime report
source: 619.340
2018/05/22
DEVE
196 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 2 a (new) – having regard to the Treaties on the Functioning of the EU and the Treaty of Lisbon Art. 208,
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 33 a (new) – having regard to the statement from civil society representatives on the EU's Role in Protecting Forests and Rights, April 2018,
Amendment 100 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Calls for the promotion of community forestry, which guarantees local communities a means of subsistence while ensuring ecosystems are conserved;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 c (new) 5c. Calls for local populations living in high biodiversity areas to receive the tangible benefits of conserving these environments;
Amendment 102 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Urges partner countries to recognise and protect
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Urges partner countries to recognise and protect indigenous peoples’ right to customary ownership and control of their lands and natural resources, as set out in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and in ILO Convention 169; calls on the EU to support partner countries in this effort and in applying the principle of free, prior and informed consent (FPIC) to large-scale land acquisitions while respecting scrupulously the sovereignty of partner countries and the principle of their freedom of administration;
Amendment 104 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Denounces the rising number of attacks on civil society's and local communities' freedom of expression in regard to forest governance;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Stresses that reducing tropical deforestation is necessary to enhance the speed and scale and reduce the cost of climate change mitigation to limit climate change below 1.5 degrees; therefore urges the EU to use its global political influence to advance partnerships and progress towards Paris Agreement commitments on forests in the contexts of climate change mitigation and adaptation and to mobilize additional financing for its implementation, with the view to promote sustainable forest management in developing countries and to decouple development from deforestation;
Amendment 106 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Stresses the importance of the world’s last remaining intact primary forests for the important wildlife and disproportionally high amount of ecosystem services they provide, notes with concern the increasing rates of deforestation within these wilderness areas and the lack of global or EU policies, targets or finance dedicated to protecting them;
Amendment 107 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7.
Amendment 108 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7.
Amendment 109 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Urges the European Commission and the Member States to establish, as an immediate step, an effective administrative complaint mechanism for victims of human rights violations and other harmful impacts induced by ODA- funded activities to initiate investigation and reconciliation processes; this mechanism shall have standardized procedures, be of administrative nature, thus be complementary to judicial mechanisms, and EU Delegations could act as entry points;
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 33 b (new) – having regard to the European Commission's strategic ‘Larger than Elephants’ approach to wildlife conservation in Africa and the forthcoming publication of the ‘Larger than Tigers’ study on biodiversity conservation in Asia,
Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU and the Member States to adopt a rule on mandatory disclosure of information on deforestation that provides proof of financial investments linked to the production or processing of forest risk commodities, and apply this rule both to companies established in the EU and to EU subsidiaries of transnational companies, notably American and Chinese ones, and to couple this rule to dissuasive criminal and financial penalties;
Amendment 111 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU to adopt a rule on mandatory disclosure of information on deforestation
Amendment 112 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Calls for the EU to a
Amendment 113 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Calls on the EU to step up financial and technical support to partner countries in order to help them develop the expertise necessary to improve local forest governance structures and accountability;
Amendment 114 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 b (new) 8b. Stresses the need to encourage participatory and community forest management by strengthening the participation of civil society in the planning and implementation of forests management policies and projects, raising awareness and ensuring that local communities share the benefits of forests resources;
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Encourages corporations to take actions to prevent corruption in their business practices, especially related to the allocation of land tenure rights and to enlarge their external monitoring systems on labour standards to broader deforestation-related commitments;
Amendment 116 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 b (new) 8b. Calls on the Commission and Member States to address the risk of conflict timber, to ensure that it is defined as illegal through the VPA process; believes that the definition of legality of the Timber Legality Assurance System (TLAS) should be enlarged to include human rights, in particular community tenure rights in all VPAs;
Amendment 117 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Deplores that defective local participation and lack of forest community agreements in land use zoning and concession allocation are common in many countries; Takes the view that the Timber Legality Assurance Systems (TLAS) should include procedural safeguards that empower communities, with the aim to reduce the likelihood of corrupt or inequitable allocation or transfers of land;
Amendment 118 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Stresses that transparency of data, better
Amendment 119 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Stresses that better data, mapping, independent monitoring
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 33 c (new) – having regard to the UNODC Global Programme for Combating Wildlife and Forest Crime,
Amendment 120 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Deplores the DRC Government's challenge to the moratorium on granting two Chinese companies new licences for logging in the DRC's tropical rain forests; calls for the moratorium to be maintained until the logging companies, the government and local forest-dependent communities reach an agreement on protocols ensuring satisfactory environmental and societal management;
Amendment 121 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Asks the EU to support the integration of forest and land governance objectives in the Nationally Determined Contributions of forested developing countries;
Amendment 122 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 b (new) 10b. Calls on the Commission and Member States to use the proposed ‘FLEGT structured dialogue’ to undertake a proper assessment of corruption risk in the forest sector and develop measures to strengthen participation, transparency, accountability and integrity, as the elements of an anti-corruption strategy;
Amendment 123 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 c (new) 10c. Recalls that greater access to customs data on imports entering the EU would increase global value chain transparency and accountability; calls on the Commission to extend customs data requirements and include the exporter and the manufacturer as mandatory customs data elements, thereby enhancing the transparency and traceability of global value chains;
Amendment 124 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Stresses the need to ensure that global supply chains and financial flows support sustainable and deforestation-free production and do not result in human rights violations, the ultimate goal being that said sustainable production is able to play a part in forest restoration;
Amendment 125 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11.
Amendment 126 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Stresses the need to
Amendment 127 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Stresses the need to ensure that global supply chains and financial flows only support legal, sustainable and deforestation-free production and do not result in human rights violations;
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 a (new) 11a. Stresses that recognition of tenure rights of peoples e.g. via constitution are not necessarily applied in practice and therefore calls for tenure rights to be respected and that their recognition be a necessary component of the EU’s screening process for the purpose of Voluntary Partnership Agreements (VPA) and for individual cases of EU development funding; 11a _________________ 11aFor example a recent case (WaTER project financed by DG DEVCO) of violation of tenure rights of Kenyan indigenous peoples Ogiekand Sengwer despite the recognition of their rights to land in the Kenyan Constitution, particularly Article 63(2)(d)) and in the 2016 Community Land Act
Amendment 129 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Calls for the EU to introduce
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 33 d (new) – having regard to the Report on the impact of international trade and the EU's trade policies on global value chains (2016/2301),
Amendment 130 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Calls for the EU to introduce
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Calls for the EU to introduce mandatory requirements for the financial industry to undertake robust due diligence when assessing financial and non-financial environmental, social and governance risks; calls equally for public disclosure of due diligence process, at minimum through the annual reporting of investors;
Amendment 132 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Calls for the EU to address global deforestation by regulating European trade and consumption of forest-risk commodities, such as soy, palm oil, eucalyptus, beef, leather and cocoa, based on lessons learned from the FLEGT Action Plan, the Timber Regulation, the Conflict Mineral Regulation, the Non-Financial Reporting Directive, legislation on illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing (IUU) and other
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point a (a) establish mandatory criteria for sustainable and deforestation-free products which contribute to forest restoration;
Amendment 134 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point a (a) establish
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point a (a)
Amendment 136 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point b Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point b Amendment 138 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point c (c) enforce traceability of commodities and transparency throughout the supply chain so that information is available at all levels of the chain right up to the end consumer;
Amendment 139 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point c (c) enforce traceability of commodities and transparency, through labelling, throughout the supply chain;
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas forests and their floral diversity contribute substantially to climate change mitigation and adaptation and to conserving biodiversity;
Amendment 140 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point d (d) require Member States’ competent authorities to investigate and prosecute EU nationals, EU-based companies or EU- based
Amendment 141 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point d (d) require Member States’ competent authorities to investigate and prosecute EU nationals or EU-based companies that benefit from illegal land conversion in producer countries, and hand down exemplary sentences;
Amendment 142 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 – point e a (new) (ea) expand the scope of the EU Timber Regulation to cover all products that are or may be made of wood, and that contain or may contain wood;
Amendment 143 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 a (new) 14a. Calls on the EU to strengthen its dialogue with countries that are also major import markets so that they establish ambitious and binding regulatory frameworks to combat deforestation and forest degradation;
Amendment 144 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 a (new) 14a. Calls too on the EU to promote a similar binding regulatory framework at international level;
Amendment 145 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 Amendment 146 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Calls for the EU to introduce cross- compliance criteria for animal feed in the CAP reform with the objective of
Amendment 147 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Calls for the EU to introduce cross- compliance criteria for animal feed in the CAP reform with the objective of reducing imports of protein feed crops and livestock; asks the EU to include the same cross- compliance criteria in trade agreements reached with countries and international organisations;
Amendment 148 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Calls for the EU to introduce cross- compliance criteria for animal feed in the CAP reform with the objective of reducing imports of protein feed crops and livestock, while incentivising and enhancing domestic protein crop production, and reducing EU consumption level of meat and dairy;
Amendment 149 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Calls for the EU to introduce cross- compliance criteria for animal feed in the CAP reform with the objective of reducing imports of protein feed crops
Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas over 1,6 billion people depend directly on forests for their livelihood, including many living in extreme poverty; whereas according to the FAO, around 13 million hectares of forests are lost each year;
Amendment 150 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 a (new) 15a. Stresses that the new CAP will have to be aligned with the EU's international commitments, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement on climate change;
Amendment 151 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 b (new) 15b. Calls for the SDG indicators to be used to assess the CAP's external effects, as suggested by the OECD;
Amendment 152 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Stresses the need to improve the reliability of voluntary certification schemes with a view to guaranteeing that only palm oil free from deforestation, forest degradation, illegitimate appropriation of land and other human rights violations enters the EU market
Amendment 153 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Stresses the need to improve the reliability of voluntary certification schemes, through labelling, with a view to guaranteeing that only palm oil free from deforestation,
Amendment 154 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Stresses the need to improve the reliability of voluntary certification schemes, in line with the European Parliament resolution of 25 October 2016 on corporate liability for serious human rights abuses in third countries (2015/2315(INI)), with a view to guaranteeing that only palm oil free from deforestation, forest degradation, illegitimate appropriation of land and other human rights violations enters the EU market, and that schemes such as the Round Table on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) include all end-uses of palm oil;
Amendment 155 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Stresses the need to improve the reliability of voluntary certification
Amendment 156 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 a (new) 16a. Notes that it is well established and uncontested that the conversion of tropical forest to agriculture, plantations and other land uses causes a significant loss of species, and particularly of forest- specialist species;
Amendment 157 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 b (new) 16b. Notes that more than half of commodities produced and exported into the global market are products of illegal deforestation. Taking into account agriculture-related forest risk- commodities, it is considered that 65 % of Brazilian beef exports, 9 % of Argentina’s beefexport,41 % of Brazil’s soy exports, 5 % of Argentina’s soy and 30 % Paraguay’s soy export are likely linked to illegal deforestation. Further notes that EU producers import significant amounts of feed and proteins from developing countries; 18a _________________ 18a Forest Trends Report Series, 2014: Consumer Goods and Deforestation: An Analysis of the Extent and Nature of Illegality in Forest Conversion for Agriculture and Timber Plantations
Amendment 158 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 a (new) 16a. Calls on the EU and its Member States to ensure the EUTR is strictly and effectively enforced and its product scope extended to all wood-based products;
Amendment 159 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 b (new) 16b. Calls on the EU to develop a green timber procurement policy to support the protection and restoration of forest ecosystems around the world;
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas forests are home to an estimated 80 % of all plants and all terrestrial species; whereas 300 million people live in forests and 1.6 billion people rely directly on forests for their livelihood;
Amendment 160 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 c (new) 16c. Recalls that sustainable development can only be successful if supply chains are made to be sustainable, and through the use of good management of the lived environment;
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 c (new) 16c. Recalls that deforestation accounts for nearly 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions;
Amendment 162 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Is alarmed that EU’s high dependence on imports of animal feed in the form of soybeans causes deforestation abroad; is worried about the environmental impact of increasing imports biomass and rising wood demand in Europe, notably to meet the EU renewable energy targets; Calls on the EU to comply with the principle of policy coherence for development (PCD), as enshrined in Article 208 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and to reform i.e. its energy, agricultural and trade policy accordingly;
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Calls on the EU to comply with the principle of policy coherence for development (PCD), as enshrined in Article 208 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and therefore, to ensure consistence between its development, trade, agriculture and climate policies;
Amendment 164 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17a. Recalls that PCD is considered to be a fundamental aspect of the EU's contribution to achieving the SDGs;
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 b (new) 17b. Recalls that the Consensus calls for interconnections between the different SDGs to be tackled and a global and strategic approach adopted in order to implement Agenda 2030 in all policies, seeking synergies, particularly on the five strategic challenges (trade and finance, the environment and climate change, food security, migration and security) and in close coordination with the implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change;
Amendment 166 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18.
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Notes with concern that the UN Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples has reported receiving an increasing number of allegations concerning situations where climate change mitigation projects have negatively affected the rights of indigenous peoples; stresses the need to secure
Amendment 168 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 a (new) 18a. Stresses the vital role of indigenous people for sustainable management of natural resources and biodiversity conservation; recalls that UNFCCC calls upon its state parties to respect the knowledge and rights of indigenous peoples as safeguards in implementing REDD+; urges partner countries to adopt measures to effectively engage indigenous peoples in climate change adaptation and mitigation measures;
Amendment 169 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 b (new) 18b. Notes that the aviation industry relies heavily on carbon offsets, including forest; stresses however that forest offsets face serious criticism, since they are difficult to measure and impossible to guarantee; believes that ICAO should exclude forest offsets from the CORSIA1 mechanism; 1Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA).
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas forests are home to an estimated 80 % of all terrestrial species and as a consequence of this form a vital reservoir for plant and animal biodiversity;
Amendment 170 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 c (new) 18c. Calls on the EU and its Member States to enhance synergies between FLEGT-VPA and REDD+;
Amendment 171 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Recalls that EU policy on biofuel should be consistent with the SDGs and the principle of PCD; reiterates that EU should phase out all policy incentives for agrofuels at the latest by 2030;
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Deplores that the ongoing revision of the Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) does not introduce social sustainability criteria and other indirect land use consequences taking into account risks of land-grabbing; recalls that the Directive should be consistent with international tenure rights standards, i.e. ILO Convention No 169; FAO Voluntary Guidelines on Land Tenures and Principles for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems; stresses equally the need to introduce more stringent criteria on forest biomass to avoid that the promotion of bioenergy triggers off deforestation abroad;
Amendment 173 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses the need to restore natural, biologically diverse forests; calls on the Commission to ensure that import of forest-risk commodities (e.g. soy, maize) is eliminated from direct or indirect support of the future EU food and farming policy, e.g.by means of restoring the proportionality of livestock to EU forage; calls for coupled payments not to support livestock production of density over two livestock units per hectare; calls on the Commission and the Member States to ensure that the environmental problems relating to deforestation are also addressed in the light of the objectives set by the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020, which should be an integral part of the Union’s external action in this area;
Amendment 174 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses the need to restore natural, biologically diverse forests; believes that forest restoration programmes should recognize local customary land rights; be inclusive and tailored to local conditions; promote nature-based solutions such as forest landscape restoration (FLR) to balance land uses, including protected areas, agroforestry, farming systems, small-scale plantations and human settlements;
Amendment 175 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Stresses the need to restore natural, biologically diverse forests and their floral diversity which will enable greater effectiveness in combating climate change and encourage greater animal biodiversity;
Amendment 176 #
21. Stresses the need to restore natural, biologically diverse forests, recalling that this is a commitment that has already been agreed to (Sustainable Development Goal 15) and must therefore be honoured;
Amendment 177 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. whereas forest degradation or disturbance accounts for 68.9 per cent of overall losses of carbon in tropical ecosystems,[21a] calls on the Commission and Member States to adopt a policy stipulating that public funding, including climate finance and development funding, shall not be used to support the expansion of agriculture, industrial scale logging, mining, resource extraction, or infrastructure development into intact forest landscapes, and to co-ordinate donor policies in this respect;[21b] _________________ 21aA. Baccini et al. (September 2017) “Tropical forests are a net carbon source based on aboveground measurements of gain and loss” http://science.sciencemag.org/content/earl y/2017/09/27/science.aam5962 21b idem
Amendment 178 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. Recognises that sustainable wood value chains, sourced from sustainably managed forests, including sustainable forest plantations and family tree farming, can deliver important contributions to achievement of the SDGs and climate change commitments, in particular enhancement of rural livelihoods, food security, sustainable growth and reduced carbon and material footprints of the planet;
Amendment 179 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Notes that, according to UNEP and INTERPOL, illegal logging and trade in timber are one of the five most important sectors of environmental criminality, with transnational organised crime groups playing an ever greater role;
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas deforestation and forest degradation occur for the most part in the southern hemisphere and tropical forests;
Amendment 180 #
22a. Stresses that combating illegal international trade requires concerted and inclusive action to stop the destruction, deforestation, illegal logging and combat the fraud, the slaughter and the demand for forest commodities and wildlife; calls for an international police force to be set up to keep protected areas safe;
Amendment 181 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 b (new) 22b. Calls on the Commission to support cross-border financial cooperation projects set up by neighbouring countries to fight environmental crime together;
Amendment 182 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 a (new) 22a. Underlines that forest crime, from unregulated or illegal burning of charcoal to large-scale corporate crimes concerning timber, paper and pulp, have major impact on global climate emissions, water reserves, desertification and rain fall patterns;
Amendment 183 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 b (new) 22b. Notes with concern that, according to UNEP - INTERPOL, legislation to tackle environmental crime is deemed to be inadequate in many countries, due i.e. to lack of expertise and personnel, low fines or absence of criminal sanctions, etc. which constitute obstacles to the effective fight against these crimes;
Amendment 184 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Stresses the need to address the root causes of environmental crime; calls on Member States to set up joint training centres for forest wardens and forest crime investigators, particularly in the ACP countries, as well as joint teams to investigate and dismantle illegal timber import rings;
Amendment 185 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Stresses the need to address the root causes of environmental crime, such as poverty, corruption, poor governance and to develop a conservation policy that fits African society instead of imposing one that is out of step with the African continent's cultural context;
Amendment 186 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Stresses the need to address the root causes of environmental crime, employing all instruments concerned with combating international organised crime, including the seizure and confiscation of criminal assets and action against money laundering;
Amendment 187 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Stresses the need to address the root causes of environmental crime; calls on the EU and its Member States to strengthen the share of ODA to governance and judicial sector reform to combat and prevent environmental crime, especially in LDCs;
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Calls on the Commission to widen the scope of Directive 2008/99/EC on the protection of the environment through criminal law to include illegal timber logging;
Amendment 189 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Stresses the importance of deploying truly dissuasive and effective penalties in producer countries to combat illegal logging and trade in timber;
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas forests provide essential ecosystem services, such as soil and water conservation and clean air;
Amendment 190 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 b (new) 23b. Encourages the EU to provide assistance in strengthening surveillance of deforestation and illegal activities;
Amendment 191 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Stresses the need to upgrade implementation and enforcement of international law of relevance to the promotion of transparent and accountable forest management, inter alia through exchange of best practices; stringent information disclosure; robust sustainability impact assessments, monitoring and reporting systems, taking into account the need to protect forest guards; enhanced cross-sectorial and cross-agency collaboration both at national and international levels, particularly with INTERPOL and UNODC, intelligence sharing and judicial cooperation and the enlargement of the scope of the ICC to cover environmental criminality;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Stresses the need to strengthen domestic legal frameworks, support the setting up of national law enforcement networks and upgrade the implementation and enforcement of international law of relevance to the promotion of transparent and accountable forest management, inter alia through exchange of best practices; stringent information disclosure; robust sustainability impact assessments, monitoring and reporting systems;
Amendment 193 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Calls on the Commission to include ambitious forest-specific provisions in all EU trade and investment agreements, stresses that these provisions shall be binding, enforceable through effective monitoring and sanctions mechanisms that allow individuals and communities, outside or within the EU, to seek redress;
Amendment 194 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 b (new) 24b. Urges the Commission to use FTA anti-corruption chapters to address deforestation and illegal logging;
Amendment 195 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 c (new) 24c. Calls on the EU to integrate forest diplomacy into its climate policy, with the aim to encourage countries which process and/or import significant quantities of tropical timber, like China and Vietnam, to adopt effective legislation banning the importation of illegally harvested timber and requiring operators to conduct due diligence (similar to the EU Timber Regulation), to this end, calls on the Commission to upgrade transparency on the discussions and actions taken under the BCM - FLEG with China;
Amendment 196 #
24d. Calls on the Commission and its Member States to adopt a policy stipulating that public funding, including climate finance and development funding, shall not be used to support the expansion of industrial scale logging, agriculture, mining, resource extraction, or infrastructure development into intact forest landscapes, and to co-ordinate donor policies in this respect;
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 10 Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B b (new) Bb. whereas forests prevent land degradation and desertification and reduce i.e. the risk of floods, landslides and drought;
Amendment 21 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas forest restoration is crucial for limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees; whereas all countries should accept their responsibilities and take measures to reduce the costs of greenhouse gas emissions in their own country;
Amendment 22 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas forest restoration is
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas forests play a key role in the development of local economy as it often represents a source of income, of food and of employment for local communities;
Amendment 24 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) Cb. whereas more than 2,000 indigenous groups live in or near forests and depend on them for their survival;
Amendment 25 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas clear, consistent and up- to-date information on forest cover is crucial for effective monitoring and law enforcement;
Amendment 26 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas while FLEGT-VPAs have proved valuable in helping to improve forest governance, the
Amendment 27 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D a (new) Da. whereas FLEGT - VPA focus on industrial logging, while the vast majority of illegal logging stems from artisanal logging and timber from farms;
Amendment 28 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D b (new) Db. whereas FLEGT - VPA has a too narrow definition of “legality”, leaving sometimes aside crucial issues related to land tenure and rights of local people;
Amendment 29 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D c (new) Dc. whereas FLEGT - VPA, REDD + and certification have remained separate initiatives, which should be further coordinated;
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 12 Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D d (new) Dd. whereas the implementation of FLEGT objectives depends heavily on major producing, processing and trading countries such as China, Russia, India, South Korea and Japan and their commitment to fighting against illegal logging and trade in illegal timber products; and whereas bilateral political dialogue with these partners have produced limited results to date;
Amendment 31 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D e (new) De. whereas a 2016 review of the EU Timber Regulation concluded that the implementation and the enforcement of the regulation was incomplete;
Amendment 32 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D a (new) Da. whereas the aim of the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) is to ensure no illegal timber is placed on the EU market; whereas a public consultation was launched at the start of this year on possible changes to the Regulation's scope;
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D b (new) Db. whereas illegal logging causes considerable damage to the environment, threatens the survival of species and often entails criminal offences, land grabbing and attacks on the rights of local communities;
Amendment 34 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D c (new) Dc. whereas protected areas should be at the heart of any strategic approach to wildlife conservation; whereas they should act as secure and inclusive economic development poles, based on sustainable farming, energy, culture and tourism, and lead to the development of good governance;
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D d (new) Dd. whereas public-private partnerships play an important role in the sustainable development of parks in sub- Saharan African, with the rights of forest communities respected;
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D e (new) De. whereas diasporas may play an interface role in knowledge transfer;
Amendment 37 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas corruption and weak institutions represent major obstacles to the protection and preservation of forests; whereas a 2016 joint report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and INTERPOL1 identify forest crimes as being among the five most salient challenges to achieving the SDGs; whereas according to the World Bank, affected countries lose an estimated 15 billion USD each year to illegal logging and timber trade; _________________ 1 Nellemann, C. (Editor in Chief); Henriksen, R., Kreilhuber, A., Stewart, D., Kotsovou, M., Raxter, P., Mrema, E., and Barrat, S. (Eds). 2016. The Rise of Environmental Crime – A Growing Threat to Natural Resources, Peace, Development And Security, A UNEP-INTERPOL Rapid Response Assessment, United Nations Environment Programme and RHIPTO Rapid Response, Norwegian Center for Global Analyses, www.rhipto.org.
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas a 2016 joint report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and INTERPOL1 identify forest crimes as being among the five most salient challenges to achieving the SDGs and state that illegal logging represents between 15 and 30% of the global legal trade; _________________ 1 Nellemann, C. (Editor in Chief); Henriksen, R., Kreilhuber, A., Stewart, D., Kotsovou, M., Raxter, P., Mrema, E., and Barrat, S. (Eds). 2016. The Rise of Environmental Crime – A Growing Threat to Natural Resources, Peace, Development And Security, A UNEP-INTERPOL Rapid Response Assessment, United Nations Environment Programme and RHIPTO Rapid Response, Norwegian Center for Global Analyses, www.rhipto.org.
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas forest crime can take several forms: illegal exploitation of high- value endangered wood species (CITES listed); illegal logging of timber for building material and furniture; illegal logging and laundering of wood through plantation and agricultural front companies to supply pulp for the paper industry and utilisation of the vastly unregulated wood fuel and charcoal trade to conceal illegal logging in and outside protected areas;
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 19 a (new) – having regard to the UN Convention to Combat Deforestation, established in 1994,
Amendment 40 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E b (new) Eb. whereas large-scale deforestation for agriculture, mining and infrastructure development is causing severe human rights violations with devastating impacts on forest peoples, such as land grab, forced evictions, police harassment, arbitrary arrest, and criminalisation of community leaders, human rights defenders and activists;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F F. whereas the UN
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F F. whereas the UN’s Agenda 2030 sets the target of halting and reversing deforestation and forest degradation by 2020, and this commitment is reiterated in the Paris Climate Agreement;
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution Recital G G. whereas REDD+
Amendment 44 #
Motion for a resolution Recital G a (new) Ga. whereas as actors and partners in sustainable development, indigenous women and women farmers play a central role in protecting forest ecosystems; whereas promoting their empowerment is important;
Amendment 45 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas there is a growing body of evidence that securing community tenure
Amendment 47 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H a (new) Ha. whereas the greed that is bound up with intensive and destructive exploitation of forests frequently results in local communities being forcibly expelled, with members of those communities or human rights defenders often murdered in the process and violent attacks of every kind;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H b (new) Hb. whereas intensive exploitation of forests often results in land grabbing at the expense of small local communities;
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H a (new) Ha. whereas SDG goal 15 explicitly mentions the need for good forestry management, while forests can play a role helping achieve many of the other SDGs;
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 20 Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H b (new) Hb. whereas a European Commission study in 2013 found that EU27 was the largest global net importer of embodied deforestation(between 1990 and 2008), concluding that during that time 9 million hectares of tropical forest had been cleared to provide products such as beef, soya and palm oil to the European market;
Amendment 51 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I I. whereas
Amendment 52 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I I. whereas agriculture accounts for 80 % of deforestation worldwide, with particular reference to the palm oil, soya, beef and leather sectors, commodities that are largely intended for the EU market;
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I I. whereas
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I I. whereas agriculture accounts for 80 % of tropical deforestation
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I a (new) Ia. whereas the EU is one of the main importers of agricultural commodities currently associated with deforestation and forest degradation (soya or palm oil, for example); whereas the EU can have a significant impact therefore, particularly in regard to demand and its due diligence requirements;
Amendment 56 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I a (new) Ia. whereas subsistence farming accounts for 42% of this tropical deforestation and commercial farming for 32%;
Amendment 57 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I b (new) Ib. whereas urbanization, forest artificialization, mining and wood exploitation, misgovernance and conflicts are also human impacts on forests;
Amendment 58 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J J. whereas by significantly lowering the planet's capacity to filter CO2 through photosynthesis, deforestation accounts for nearly 20 % of global greenhouse gas emissions;
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J J. whereas deforestation and forest degradation is the second leading human cause of carbon emissions and accounts for nearly 20 % of global greenhouse gas emissions;
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 28 a (new) – having regard to the most recent Planetary Boundaries report,
Amendment 60 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J J. whereas deforestation accounts for nearly 20 % of human greenhouse gas emissions and for 10% of global greenhouse
Amendment 61 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J a (new) Ja. Recalls that the EU is one of the main import markets for timber and agricultural commodities and has, therefore, a decisive role to play in combating deforestation and forest degradation; insists on all necessary measures being taken to avoid illegally logged timber being placed on the EU market; stresses the importance of widening the scope of the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR) to include as many timber products as possible;
Amendment 62 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J a (new) Ja. whereas wood fuel is still the most important forest product in developing countries and the most important energy source in many African and Asian countries; whereas in sub-Saharan Africa, 4 out of 5 people still use wood for cooking;
Amendment 63 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J b (new) Jb. whereas forests products account for 1% of the world’s GDP;
Amendment 64 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J c (new) Jc. whereas the private sector shows a growing engagement to forest protection and whereas over 400 companies have committed to eliminating deforestation from their products and supply chains in accordance with the New York Declaration on Forests;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J a (new) Ja. whereas beef production, agricultural crops such as soy, and large industrial palm oil plantations and eucalyptus are the main drivers of deforestation in tropical countries;
Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J b (new) Jb. whereas soy expansion accounted for nearly half of all forest destruction embodied in EU crop imports and 19% of all global deforestation due to agriculture between 1990 and 20081; _____________________ 1 Final report of European Commission Study “The impact of EU consumption on deforestation: Comprehensive analysis of the impact of EU consumption on deforestation” (2013), pp. 21 - 22.
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J c (new) Jc. whereas soy expansion has led to social and environmental problems, such as soil erosion, water depletion, pesticide contamination, forced displacement of people; whereas indigenous communities have been among those most affected;
Amendment 68 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J d (new) Jd. whereas the expansion of palm oil plantations has led to massive forest destruction and social conflicts that pit plantation companies against indigenous groups and local communities;
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J e (new) Je. whereas in recent years, many private companies have adopted commitments to eliminate or reduce deforestation associated with their supply chains, in particular focusing on commodities such as palm oil, soy, beef and timber; whereas public measures aimed at agricultural products remain nevertheless relatively rare;
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 31 a (new) – having regard to the High Level Expert Group final report on Sustainable Financing,
Amendment 70 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J f (new) Jf. whereas forests are vital for sustainable agriculture and improve food security and nutrition;
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J g (new) Amendment 72 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J h (new) Jh. whereas primary forests are rich in biodiversity and store 30 to 70 percent more carbon than logged or degraded forests;
Amendment 73 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Recalls that the Agenda 2030 recognises that forests play a critical role in sustainable development; reiterates that sustainable and inclusive forest management and responsible use of forest commodities constitute the most effective and cheapest natural system for carbon capture and storage;
Amendment 74 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Recalls that the Agenda 2030 recognises that the good and sustainable management of forests play a critical role in sustainable development;
Amendment 75 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Recalls that the Agenda 2030 recognises that forests play a critical role in sustainable development as well as for the Paris agreement;
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Recalls that the Agenda 2030 recognises that forests and their floral diversity play a critical role in sustainable development;
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Underlines that the drivers of deforestation are frequently factors outside of the forest sector and therefore the strategy to halt or reduce this phenomenon has to be structured and address a wide range of issues strictly related to deforestation such as land tenure, agricultural policies and climate change;
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Notes with concern that the forest sector is particularly vulnerable to poor governance, including corruption, fraud and organised crime, and that organised crime still enjoys a significant degree of impunity;
Amendment 79 #
2. Notes with concern that the forest sector is particularly vulnerable to poor governance, including corruption, fraud and organised crime; deplores that even in countries that have good forest laws, implementation is weak;
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 31 b (new) – having regard to the European Parliament resolution on Palm oil and deforestation of rainforests 2016/2222(INI),
Amendment 80 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Notes with concern that the forest sector is particularly vulnerable to state indifference, negligence and poor governance, including corruption, fraud and organised crime;
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Acknowledges that forest crime, such as illegal logging, has been estimated to represent a value of 50-152 billion USD globally in 2016, up from 30- 100 billion in 2014 and ranks number one in revenues among environmental crimes. Notes that illegal logging plays a substantial role in financing organized crime and thus significantly impoverishes governments, nations and local communities owing to uncollected revenues 2a. _________________ 2a UNEP, 2017: The Rise of Environmental Crime report
Amendment 82 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Is alarmed that human rights violations, land grabs and the seizure of indigenous land have intensified, driven by the expansion of infrastructure, monoculture plantations for food, fuel and fibre, logging, and carbon mitigation actions such as biofuels, natural gas or large-scale hydropower development;
Amendment 83 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 b (new) Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3.
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Deplores the fact that offshore tax havens and tax avoidance schemes are being used to fund shell companies and
Amendment 86 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Urges strongly the Commission to follow up on the points made in the European Parliament resolution of 25 October 2016 on corporate liability for serious human rights abuses in third countries (2015/2315(INI), including with reference to corporations operating in this field; urges the Commission in particular to set in motion the measures called for in this resolution in order to identify and punish those responsible, when such actions can be directly or indirectly ascribed to multinational corporations operating within the jurisdiction of a Member State;
Amendment 87 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Recognizes that forests are estimated to be a major resource for more than 2.4 billion people, who rely on forest goods and services for the direct provision of food, woodfuel, building materials, medicines, employment, and cash income;
Amendment 88 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Calls on the Commission to step up its efforts regarding the full and effective implementation of the FLEGT Action Plan and to monitor regularly the progress made by consulting all the parties concerned on a regular basis;
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Urges the Commission to immediately launch a thorough impact assessment, and a genuine stakeholder consultation, with the purpose of establishing a meaningful EU Action Plan on deforestation and forest degradation that includes concrete regulatory measures to ensure that no supply chains or financial
Amendment 9 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 33 a (new) – having regard to the European Parliament resolution of 25 October 2016 on corporate liability for serious human rights abuses in third countries (2015/2315(INI)),
Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Urges the Commission to immediately launch a thorough impact assessment, and a genuine stakeholder consultation, with the purpose of establishing a meaningful EU Action Plan on deforestation and forest degradation that includes concrete and coherent regulatory measures to ensure that no supply chains or financial transactions linked to the EU cause deforestation, forest degradation, or human rights violations; calls for this Action Plan to promote enhanced financial and technical assistance to producer countries with the specific aim of protecting, maintaining and restoring forests and critical ecosystems, and enhancing the livelihoods of forest- dependent communities;
Amendment 91 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Urges the Commission to immediately launch a thorough impact assessment, and a genuine stakeholder consultation, with the purpose of establishing a meaningful EU Action Plan on deforestation and forest degradation
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 b (new) 4b. Notes with concern the lack of forestry education: the use of proper planting and management techniques need to be considered as a key point in forest policy; calls on this Action Plan to promote a better primary and secondary schooling and closing the gap between male and female education;
Amendment 94 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Urges the Commission to insist on the strict implementation and compliance in all Member States of the EUTR;
Amendment 95 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 b (new) 4b. Calls on the Commission to produce a report every 2 years on the progress of the FLEGT Action Plan. This should include an assessment of VPA implementation, scheduled deadlines, difficulties encountered, and measures taken or planned;
Amendment 96 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 c (new) 4c. Calls on the Commission to streamline and better coordinate its efforts of fighting illegal logging within its different EU policies and involved services; calls on the Commission to negotiate timber import standards in future bilateral or multilateral trade related agreements, in order not to undermine the successes achieved through the FLEGT Action Plan with timber-producing countries;
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Notes with concern that insecure community land tenure of forest peoples
Amendment 98 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Notes with concern that space for civil society and communities to challenge weak governance is shrinking;
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Calls for particular attention to be paid to the practice of transhumance, to protecting borders from armed groups, and to the trade sustaining said groups; calls for improvements to technical and political governance to be developed;
source: 622.194
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