2020/2001(INI) Challenges and prospects for multilateral Weapons of Mass Destruction arms control and disarmament regimes
Lead committee dossier:
Progress: Procedure completed
| Role | Committee | Rapporteur | Shadows |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lead | AFET |
MIKSER Sven ( S&D)
|
MEIMARAKIS Vangelis ( EPP),
GROŠELJ Klemen ( Renew),
SATOURI Mounir ( Verts/ALE),
BONFRISCO Anna ( ID),
KRASNODĘBSKI Zdzisław ( ECR),
DALY Clare ( GUE/NGL)
|
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
RoP 54
Legal Basis:
RoP 54Events
2021/12/15
EP - Decision by Parliament
Details
The European Parliament adopted by 536 votes to 128, with 31 abstentions, a resolution on the challenges and prospects for multilateral weapons of mass destruction arms control and disarmament regimes.
Progress towards disarmament and non-proliferation
Members reiterated their commitment to the preservation of effective international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation regimes as a cornerstone of global and European security. They confirmed their commitment to pursuing policies designed to move the reduction and elimination of all nuclear arsenals forward and to create conditions to achieve a world free of nuclear, chemical, biological or radiological weapons . They called for a renewed arms control and disarmament multilateral order that involves all players.
Parliament is also concerned about the ongoing erosion of the global non-proliferation, disarmament and arms control architecture, which is worsened by the rapid development of new and potentially destabilising systems, such as artificial intelligence weapons systems and hypersonic missile and drone technologies.
Arms control treaties
Members are concerned that the withdrawal or non-renewal of key arms control treaties could seriously undermine international arms control regimes and relations between nuclear weapon states. They called on all nuclear-weapon States to reduce the role and importance of nuclear weapons in their military doctrines.
Recalling its full support for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), to which 191 States are party, Parliament stressed the need to ensure its effectiveness and called on all States to sign, accede to and commit themselves to the NPT. It called on the Council to advocate that the European Union speak with one voice in international disarmament and non-proliferation fora and to promote confidence-building measures between all NPT parties. Disarmament issues should be placed high on the agenda of the political dialogue with third countries.
The resolution stressed the need to build on the work undertaken in the framework of the ‘ Strategic Compass ’ to integrate WMD proliferation issues into the common understanding of threats and to achieve a common strategic culture on WMD.
Members welcomed the EU's commitment to helping create a zone free of weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East . They reaffirmed their desire to work towards the complete, irreversible and verifiable denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula, urging the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to immediately cease its nuclear and missile activities and other WMD-related programmes.
Parliament reaffirmed its full support for the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA – Iranian nuclear agreement) as a key element of the European Union's strategy to combat terrorism. Stressing the essential role played by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in monitoring and verifying Iran's compliance with the safeguard agreement, Members recalled that the Agency's verification activities are essential to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, calling on states that have not yet done so to ratify and implement the IAEA Additional Protocol without delay.
USA, Russia, China
Members regretted the withdrawal of the United States and Russia from the Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty) following Russia's persistent non-compliance with the treaty. They are particularly concerned about the possible re-emergence of ground-based intermediate-range missiles in the European theatre of operations, as well as a new arms race and remilitarisation in Europe. They urged both countries to establish an ambitious basis for resuming negotiations on a new arms control architecture. Members welcomed the decision by the US and Russia to extend the New START Treaty as an important contribution to the 10th NPT Review Conference.
Parliament noted with concern the ongoing modernisation and expansion of China's nuclear arsenal, including nuclear-capable hypersonic missiles. China is urged to engage actively and in good faith in international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation negotiations.
Chemical weapons
Parliament welcomed the EU's contribution to mitigating the risks of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear attacks around the world through its assistance to partner countries. It reaffirmed its full support for the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) which prohibits the use of dangerous viruses, bacteria and toxic substances against humans.
Concerned about the threat of chemical warfare and the increased ability of some state and non-state actors to produce banned chemical agents more quickly, Members stressed the need to uphold the global ethical norm against chemical weapons by combating impunity for their use. The global human rights sanctions regime recently adopted by the EU should be used effectively to meet this standard.
Members reiterated their deep concern about the attempted assassinations of Alexei Navalny and Sergei and Yulia Skripal, using the banned nerve agent Novichok, which is considered a chemical weapon under the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). They strongly condemned the development and widespread use of chemical weapons by States that are members of the CWC, and condemned the numerous human rights violations and atrocities committed by the regime of the Syrian Arab Republic under Bashar Al-Assad.
Lastly, Parliament stressed the need to take additional measures to combat the financing of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction in order to impede the transfer of technology and knowledge to hostile non-state actors.
Documents
2021/12/13
EP - Debate in Parliament
Documents
2021/11/17
EP - Committee report tabled for plenary
Details
The Committee on Foreign Affairs adopted an own-initiative report by Sven MIKSER (S&D, EE) on the challenges and prospects for multilateral weapons of mass destruction arms control and disarmament regimes.
Progress towards disarmament and non-proliferation
Members reiterated their commitment to the preservation of effective international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation regimes as a cornerstone of global and European security. They confirmed their commitment to pursuing policies designed to move the reduction and elimination of all nuclear arsenals forward and to create conditions to achieve a world free of nuclear, chemical, biological or radiological weapons. They called for a renewed arms control and disarmament multilateral order that involves all players.
Concerned about the rapid development of new potentially destabilising systems, such as weapons systems with artificial intelligence, Members stressed the need to address, in particular, the issue of hypersonic missile and drone technology , which increases the risk of nuclear weapons being used in response to an attack.
Arms control treaties
Members are also concerned that the withdrawal or non-renewal of key arms control treaties could seriously undermine international arms control regimes. They called on all nuclear-weapon states to reduce the role and importance of nuclear weapons in their military doctrines, while welcoming the intention of the United States to assess ways to reduce the salience of nuclear weapons in its national security strategy.
Stressing the importance of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) , to which 191 States are party, the report emphasised the need to ensure its effectiveness and called on all States to sign, accede to and commit to the NPT. It called on the Council to advocate that the European Union speak with one voice in international disarmament and non-proliferation fora and to promote confidence-building measures among all NPT parties. EU delegations are urged to put disarmament issues at the top of the agenda in its political dialogue with third countries.
Members welcomed the EU's commitment to helping create a zone free of weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East . They reaffirmed their desire to work towards the complete, irreversible and verifiable denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula, urging the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to immediately cease its nuclear and missile activities and other WMD-related programmes.
Stressing the essential role played by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in monitoring and verifying Iran's compliance with the safeguards agreement, Members recalled that the Agency's verification activities are essential to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons, calling on states that have not yet done so to ratify and implement the IAEA Additional Protocol without delay.
USA, Russia, China
Members regretted the withdrawal of the United States and Russia from the Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty) following Russia's persistent non-compliance with the treaty. They are particularly concerned about the possible re-emergence of ground-based intermediate-range missiles in the European theatre of operations , as well as a new arms race and remilitarisation in Europe. They urged both countries to establish an ambitious basis for resuming negotiations on a new arms control architecture. Members welcomed the decision by the US and Russia to extend the New START Treaty as an important contribution to the 10th NPT Review Conference.
The report noted with concern the ongoing modernisation and expansion of China's nuclear arsenal, including nuclear-capable hypersonic missiles. China is urged to engage actively and in good faith in international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation negotiations.
Chemical weapons
Particularly concerned about the increased ability of some state and non-state actors to produce banned chemical agents more rapidly, with limited indicators of detection, Members stressed the need to uphold the global ethical norm against chemical weapons by preventing impunity for their use. The EU global human rights sanction regime is to be used effectively in order to uphold this norm.
Members reiterated their deep concern about the attempted assassinations of Alexei Navalny and Sergei and Yulia Skripal, using the banned nerve agent Novichok, which is considered a chemical weapon under the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). They strongly condemned the development and large-scale use of chemical weapons by states that are members of the CWC, and condemned the numerous human rights violations and atrocities committed by the regime of the Syrian Arab Republic of Bashar Al-Assad.
Lastly, Members reaffirmed their full support for the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), which prohibits the use of dangerous viruses, bacteria and toxic substances against humans.
Documents
2021/11/09
EP - Vote in committee
2021/09/15
EP - Amendments tabled in committee
Documents
2021/07/15
EP - Committee draft report
Documents
2020/01/16
EP - Committee referral announced in Parliament
2019/11/12
EP - MIKSER Sven (S&D) appointed as rapporteur in AFET
Documents
- Decision by Parliament: T9-0504/2021
- Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
- Committee report tabled for plenary: A9-0324/2021
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE697.564
- Committee draft report: PE695.308
- Committee draft report: PE695.308
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE697.564
Activities
Votes
Défis et perspectives pour les régimes multilatéraux de contrôle des armes de destruction massive et de désarmement - Challenges and prospects for multilateral weapons of mass destruction arms control and disarmament regimes - Herausforderungen und Chancen für multilaterale Systeme der Rüstungskontrolle und Abrüstung in Bezug auf Massenvernichtungswaffen - A9-0324/2021 - Sven Mikser - § 17 - Am 2 #
2021/12/14 Outcome: -: 490, +: 192, 0: 14
The Left
NI
PPEA9-0324/2021 - Sven Mikser - Après le § 17 - Am 3 #
2021/12/14 Outcome: -: 494, +: 185, 0: 17
A9-0324/2021 - Sven Mikser - Après le § 17 - Am 4 #
2021/12/14 Outcome: -: 498, +: 183, 0: 15
A9-0324/2021 - Sven Mikser - Après le § 17 - Am 5 #
2021/12/14 Outcome: -: 493, +: 191, 0: 12
A9-0324/2021 - Sven Mikser - Considérant Q - Am 1 #
2021/12/14 Outcome: -: 490, +: 168, 0: 38
Défis et perspectives pour les régimes multilatéraux de contrôle des armes de destruction massive et de désarmement - Challenges and prospects for multilateral weapons of mass destruction arms control and disarmament regimes - Herausforderungen und Chancen für multilaterale Systeme der Rüstungskontrolle und Abrüstung in Bezug auf Massenvernichtungswaffen - A9-0324/2021 - Sven Mikser - Proposition de résolution (ensemble du texte) #
2021/12/15 Outcome: +: 536, -: 128, 0: 31
| Amendments | Dossier |
| 215 |
2020/2001(INI)
2021/09/15
AFET
215 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 1 a (new) — having regard to its resolution of 17 January 2013 on the Recommendations of the Non- Proliferation Treaty Review Conference regarding the establishment of a Middle East free of weapons of mass destruction,
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 16 a (new) — having regard to NATO Secretary General's statement on the end of the INF Treaty on 2 August 2019;
Amendment 100 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Reaffirms its full support to the NPT; expects nuclear-weapon states to take steps to demonstrate their genuine commitment to nuclear disarmament; exhorts States Parties to do their utmost to
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Reaffirms its full support to the NPT as the cornerstone of the international non-proliferation regime; expects nuclear-weapon states to take steps to demonstrate their genuine commitment to nuclear disarmament; exhorts States Parties to do their utmost to contribute to a successful and ambitious outcome of the upcoming 10th Review Conference in all its pillars: disarmament, non-proliferation and peaceful uses of nuclear energy;
Amendment 102 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Reaffirms its full support to the NPT; expects nuclear-weapon states to take steps to demonstrate their genuine commitment to nuclear disarmament; exhorts States Parties to do their utmost to contribute to a successful and ambitious
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Calls on nuclear-armed states, including those, like Israel, which have not been transparent about their possession of nuclear capability, to become party to the NPT;
Amendment 104 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Insists on the need to ensure that the EU plays a strong and constructive role in developing and reinforcing the global rules-based non-proliferation efforts and arms control and disarmament architecture; welcomes the work of the Special Envoy for Disarmament and Non-Proliferation in this respect; calls on the Council to strive towards the EU speaking with one voice in international disarmament, non- proliferation and arms control forums; underlines the need to use the work undertaken in the framework of the Strategic Compass to fully take the questions of WMD proliferation into the joint understanding of threats and achieve a common strategic culture on this issue;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Insists on the need to ensure that the EU plays a strong and constructive role in developing and reinforcing the global rules-based non-proliferation efforts and arms control and disarmament architecture; calls on the EU to step up its multilateral diplomacy efforts to promote confidence- building measures among all parties to the NPT, with a view to defusing existing tensions and reducing distrust;
Amendment 106 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Insists on the need to ensure that the EU plays a strong and constructive role in developing and reinforcing the global rules-based non-proliferation efforts and arms control and disarmament architecture by using its toolbox of instruments fully;
Amendment 107 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Insists on the need to ensure that the EU plays a strong and constructive role in developing and reinforcing the global
Amendment 108 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Calls for the establishment of a zone free of weapons of mass destruction in Europe; urges the French but also the British governments to disarm their nuclear weapons; urges the US government to remove all tactical nuclear weapons from Europe; calls for the dissolution of all nuclear sharing arrangements between EU Member States and the US/NATO;
Amendment 109 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 17 a (new) — having regard to the UN Secretary-General António Guterres statement on the 25 October 2020 about the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons entry into force as a 'culmination of a worldwide movement to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons,
Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Calls on the EU to re-evaluate the future of its nuclear power status and the global implications of Brexit in this regard;
Amendment 111 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5.
Amendment 112 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls for the available expertise in non-proliferation and arms control in the EU to be strengthened and the training of EU and Member State personnel to be improved; calls in particular for the creation of a European Dual-Use Export Control Agency in order to meet the widened mandate for transparency reporting, coordination, enforcement and enlarged scope of obligations in the Dual- Use Regulation (2021/821);
Amendment 113 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Calls for the available expertise in non-proliferation and arms control in the EU to be strengthened and the training of EU and Member State personnel to be improved; underlines the needs to strengthen ties between the EU and the private sector, academia, think tanks and other bodies for providing high-quality and state of the art training to EU personnel involved in non-proliferation and arms control;
Amendment 114 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Underlines the importance of achieving quantum computing capabilities and stresses the need to enhance cooperation in this area to ensure that quantum computing is first realized among partners sharing warm relations and supporting objectives;
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 b (new) 5 b. Recognises the emerging threat of Hyper war and the unique requirements this will place on defence architectures and the need for a high-tech industrial base along with the development of international treaties and guidelines for conduct that the EU is well placed to address;
Amendment 116 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Calls on EU Delegations to put the question of disarmament, non- proliferation and arms control high on the agenda of Political Dialogue with third countries, in order for the EU to assist efforts to universalise existing treaties and instruments; asks the European External Action Service to also work on strengthening the training and capacity- building of our
Amendment 117 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Calls for the EU to assist efforts to universalise existing non-proliferation treaties and instruments such the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; asks the European External Action Service to also work on strengthening the training and capacity-
Amendment 118 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Calls for the EU to assist efforts to universalise existing treaties and instruments; asks the European External Action Service to
Amendment 119 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Calls on the EU to strengthen European leadership on victim assistance and environmental remediation due to the consequences of nuclear testing in areas affected by nuclear tests; asks the European External Action Service and the Commission to conduct a series of expert hearings, workshops and other such events and commission a set of studies on concrete short, medium and long-term actions that the EU and its Member States can realize in order to strengthening the Union's humanitarian role; is alarmed by the discrepancy between the IAEA report of 2005 on Radiological Conditions at the Former French Nuclear Test Sites in Algeria and recent reports of considerable radioactivity risks in Algeria resulting from testing;
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 19 a (new) — having regard to the Joint Comprehensive Planof Action (JCPOA),
Amendment 120 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 Amendment 121 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7.
Amendment 122 #
7. Underlines that NATO Allies remain committed to creating the conditions for the further reduction of the nuclear arsenal on the basis of reciprocity and of legally binding and verifiable treaties;
Amendment 123 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Underlines that NATO Allies must remain committed to creating the conditions for the further reduction of the nuclear arsenal on the basis of reciprocity;
Amendment 124 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Stresses its full support for the work of the UN Office for Disarmament Affairs, for the UN Secretary-General’s ambitious Agenda for Disarmament and for the multilateral deliberative processes and negotiations under the auspices of the UN; underlines the need to ensure the involvement of all stakeholders, civil society and academia and the meaningful and diverse participation of citizens in
Amendment 125 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Stresses its full support for the work of the UN Office for Disarmament Affairs, for the UN Secretary-General’s ambitious Agenda for Disarmament
Amendment 126 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Welcomes the EU’s commitment to help establishing a WMD-free zone in the
Amendment 127 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Welcomes the EU’s commitment to establishing a WMD-free zone in the Middle East; encourages the EU to continue its engagement for the elimination of all WMDs in the Korean Peninsula;
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Welcomes the EU’s commitment to establishing a WMD-free zone in the Middle East, and the promotion of confidence-building measures in support of this process;
Amendment 129 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9 a. Calls on EU Member States and the EU to facili-tate the implementation of the TPNW’s provisions on victim assistance and environmental remedi-ation;
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 19 b (new) — having regard to the E3 statement on the JCPOA of 19 August 2021,
Amendment 130 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Notes the entry into force of the TPNW a
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Notes the entry into force of the TPNW as an expression of the desire of the majority of the global community to live in a nuclear weapon-free world;
Amendment 132 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Notes the entry into force of the TPNW
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Notes the entry into force of the TPNW as an expression of the desire of the majority of the global community to live in a nuclear weapon-free world; recalls that the goal of nuclear disarmament must be pursued while ensuring international stability
Amendment 134 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10 a. Calls on all EU Member States to engage constructively with the new treaty, including by attending the first meeting of TPNW states parties (1MSP) as observers, State Parties or Signatory States and calls on the EEAS to observe 1MSP, as it had done in the case of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti- Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction (Mine Ban Treaty) in 1999 and the Convention on Cluster Munitions in 2011;
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10 a. Points to the economic and social progress in Europe and recalls that this progress, including the progress in Eastern and Central Europe after the fall of the Soviet Union, was in part only possible due to the military protection by NATO;
Amendment 136 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 b (new) 10 b. Recalls that over recent years the threat of a military confrontation in Europe has increased, as demonstrated by the aggressive behaviour of Russia in Ukraine, the Caucasus and elsewhere, and that therefore the continued presence of nuclear weapons continues to provide security and protection to a large part of European populations;
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 c (new) 10 c. Notes that large parts of the populations in Europe are grateful for the protection of their territories against external threats and are thankful to their respective national armies and the armies of friendly and allied nations, who put their lives at risk to ensure their safety and peace, and hence protect the foundation for their continued economic and social development;
Amendment 138 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 d (new) 10 d. Is of the opinion that the TPNW should not weaken the security of European Member States, including the nuclear deterrent provided by NATO to those EU Member States who are also NATO Members;
Amendment 139 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Recalls the central role played by the IAEA as a guarantor of the compliance by the participating States with the provisions of the NPT Treaty; highlights that the Agency’s verification activities are instrumental in preventing the spread of nuclear weapons; calls on the states that have not yet done so to ratify the IAEA additional protocol without delay;
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 21 Amendment 140 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Recalls the central role played by the IAEA; calls on the states that have not yet done so to ratify the IAEA additional protocol without delay; and calls on states that have ceased application of the additional protocol to return to compliance;
Amendment 141 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Recalls the central role played by the IAEA; calls on the states that have not yet done so to
Amendment 142 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 a (new) 11 a. Highlights the IAEA’s crucial role in monitoring and verifying Iran’s compliance with the safeguard agreement, and praises in particular the key role it has been playing since 23 February 2021, by implementing a temporary bilateral technical understanding reached with Iran, allowing for the IEAE to continue with its necessary verification and monitoring activities;
Amendment 143 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Reaffirms its full support for the JCPOA as a key element of the global nuclear non-proliferation architecture, stressing that a full implementation of the agreement is crucial for European security, as well as for the stability and security in the Middle East and worldwide; welcomes the EU’s continued engagement with Iran on issues related to civil nuclear cooperation, and the measures taken to implement projects to improve nuclear safety under the Annex III of the JOPOA; exhorts Iran to immediately cease its nuclear activities violating the JCPOA, which should go hand-in-hand with the lifting of all nuclear-related sanctions; calls on all parties to return to the negotiations with a view to returning to full and effective compliance with the agreement;
Amendment 144 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Reaffirms its full support for the JCPOA as a key element of the global nuclear non-proliferation architecture; calls on all parties to return to the negotiations with a view to re
Amendment 145 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Reaffirms its full support for the JCPOA as a key element of the global nuclear non-proliferation architecture; calls on
Amendment 146 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Confirms that the entry into force and ratification of the CTBT as a strong trust and confidence-building instrument continues to be an important objective of the EU’s Strategy against Proliferation of WMD; welcomes EU’s diplomatic efforts to reach out to non-signatory countries in view of soliciting their commitment for the ratification of the Treaty and universal adherence to it; welcomes the Union’s support, including via financial contribution, for the activities of the Preparatory Commission for the CTBT Organisation aimed at strengthening its verification and monitoring capabilities;
Amendment 147 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Confirms that the entry into force and ratification of the CTBT continues to be an important objective of the EU’s Strategy against Proliferation of WMD; ; notes that the CTBT has been ratified by 170 states, and points out that it cannot enter into force until ratified by the United States, China, India, Pakistan, North Korea, Israel, Iran, and Egypt, none of which have done so to date;
Amendment 148 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 13. Confirms that the entry into force and ratification of the CTBT continues to be an important objective of the EU’s Strategy against Proliferation of WMD and calls on all states to refrain from nuclear tests;
Amendment 149 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 a (new) 13 a. Calls on all States that have not signed the CTBT and the TPNW to accede to it and urges all States that have signed but not ratified these treaties to do so;
Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas solid and comprehensive arms control, non-proliferation and disarmament architecture based on robust confidence building mechanisms and binding treaties and reinforced by a reliable and transparent verification mechanism is key to building and maintaining peace, stability, predictability, human security and sustainable development, de-escalating existing tensions between states and reducing the possibility of armed conflict with unpredictable and possibly catastrophic consequences;
Amendment 150 #
14. Reiterates its longstanding support for the launch of negotiations on the FMCT, and calls on all nuclear-weapon states that have not yet done so to adopt an immediate moratorium on the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons and other nuclear explosive devices; welcomes the financial support provided by the EU to the UN Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA) to facilitate the participation of African, Asian and Latin American and Caribbean countries to the FMCT related activities;
Amendment 151 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Re
Amendment 152 #
15. Reiterates its deep regret at the withdrawal from the INF Treaty by the US and the Russian Federation following Russia’s persistent failure to comply with the treaty, which led to its termination; is particularly concerned about possible re- emergence of ground-based intermediate- range missiles in the European theatre of operations in the post-INF context; underlines its strong opposition to a new arms race and re-militarisation on European soil; welcomes the commitment made by the US and Russia to continue working towards the achievement of their stated common goal of ensuring predictability in the strategic domain and reducing the risks of armed conflict and the threat of nuclear war; urges both sides to use this momentum to set realistic basis for re-launching negotiations about new arms control architecture and risk reduction measures that would take into account the changing geo-political context and emergence of new powers; calls on all other countries, notably China, in possession or in the process of the development of missile systems to engage in efforts to multilateralise and universalise the successor treaty to the INF;
Amendment 153 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Reiterates its deep regret at the withdrawal from the INF Treaty by the US and the Russian Federation following Russia’s persistent failure to comply with
Amendment 154 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Reiterates its deep regret at the withdrawal from the INF Treaty by the US and the Russian Federation
Amendment 155 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Reiterates its deep regret at the withdrawal from the INF Treaty by the US and the Russian Federation following Russia’s persistent failure to comply with the treaty, which led to its termination; underlines its strong opposition to a new arms race and re-militarisation on European soil, as well as the normalisation of WMDs as a means to solve disputes; welcomes the commitment made by the US and Russia to continue working towards the achievement of their stated common goal of ensuring predictability in the strategic domain and reducing the risks of armed conflict and the threat of nuclear war; calls on all other countries, notably China, in possession or in the process of the development of missile systems to engage in efforts to multilateralise and universalise the successor treaty to the INF;
Amendment 156 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Reiterates its deep regret
Amendment 157 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Reiterates its deep regret at the withdrawal from the INF Treaty by the US and the Russian Federation following Russia’s persistent failure to comply with the treaty, which led to its termination; underlines its strong opposition to a new arms race and re-militarisation on European soil; welcomes the commitment made by the US and Russia to continue working towards the achievement of their stated common goal of ensuring predictability in the strategic domain and reducing the risks of armed conflict and the threat of nuclear war; calls on all other countries, notably China, in possession or in the process of the development of intermediate range missile systems to engage in efforts to multilateralise and universalise the successor treaty to the INF;
Amendment 158 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 a (new) 15 a. Calls on all nuclear weapon states to increase transparency on their nuclear holdings and declare overall nuclear weapons national inventories;
Amendment 159 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 b (new) 15 b. Calls on all nuclear weapon states to diminish the role and significance of nuclear weapons in all military and security concepts, doctrines and policies:
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas solid and comprehensive arms control, non-proliferation and disarmament architecture based on binding treaties and reinforced by a reliable and transparent verification mechanism is
Amendment 160 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Warmly welcomes the decision taken by the US and the Russian Federation to extend the New START Treaty
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Warmly welcomes the decision taken by the US and the Russian Federation to extend the New START Treaty; calls on both parties to negotiate a new agreement and advocates the involvement of other nuclear-armed countries
Amendment 162 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Warmly welcomes the decision taken by the US and the Russian Federation to extend the New START Treaty; advocates the involvement of
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Warmly welcomes the decision taken by the US and the Russian Federation to extend the New START Treaty; advocates the involvement of other nuclear-armed countries, notably China, France and the UK, in negotiations on any new arms control agreement;
Amendment 164 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Warmly welcomes the decision taken by the US and the Russian
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 a (new) 16 a. Calls on all nuclear weapon states to follow the example of Russia and the United States and affirm the principle that a nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought;
Amendment 166 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17.
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17.
Amendment 168 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17.
Amendment 169 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Notes with concern the ongoing Russian modernisation programmes which raise questions about Russian compliance with the objectives of the Presidential Nuclear Initiatives; calls on both the US and the Russian Federation to stick to their commitments in relation to non-strategic nuclear weapons and to ensure transparency on arsenals, deployments
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) A a. whereas Weapons of Mass Destruction, in particular nuclear weapons, due to their humanitarian, environmental, social, and economic consequences, constitute a grave threat to long-term human security and planetary health;
Amendment 170 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Notes with concern the ongoing Russian modernisation programmes which raise questions about Russian compliance with the objectives of the Presidential Nuclear Initiatives; calls on both the US and the Russian Federation to stick to their commitments in relation to non-strategic nuclear weapons and to
Amendment 171 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17 a. Notes with concern current efforts by the People’s Republic of China to modernise, update and broaden its nuclear arsenal, particularly its intercontinental capabilities; calls on China to restrain these efforts and to actively involve itself in talks about arms control agreements involving not only the US and Russia but also China; underlines that such steps by the Chinese leadership are necessary in order to comply with its self-proclaimed “ peaceful rise” and hence are needed in order to test China’s international responsibility and trustfulness;
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17 a. Expresses its concern over Russian activities of testing of nuclear weapons and building up its fleet of nuclear- and conventionally-powered icebreakers in the Arctic; highlights that such activities go against the aim of maintaining stability and peace and can also be highly dangerous for the fragile environment in the Arctic;
Amendment 173 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17 a. Notes with concern Russia's frequent violation of international norms and treaties such as the INF Treaty and Budapest Memorandum along with its increasingly hostile nuclear rhetoric against Member States; urges Russia to abandon its hostile activities and return to compliance with international norms;
Amendment 174 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17 a. Calls on India and Pakistan, as states outside the NPT framework allegedly in possession of nuclear weapons, to refrain from the proliferation of any military-related nuclear technology;
Amendment 175 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17 a. Calls on India, Israel and Pakistan, as states outside the NPT framework allegedly in possession of nuclear weapons, to refrain from the proliferation of any military-related nuclear technology;
Amendment 176 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Highlights that the international community must work on active measures to counter the adverse strategic implications of cruise-missile proliferation; calls on states possessing significant numbers of cruise missiles to focus, as a first step, on confidence and transparency measures, including i.a. negotiation and adoption of codes of conduct for deployment and use of cruise missiles; calls on the VP/HR to engage in dialogue with exporting states in view of fully adhering to and coordinating efforts through the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR), the only existing multilateral arrangement that covers the transfer of missiles and missile-related equipment;
Amendment 177 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Highlights that the international community must work on active measures to counter the adverse strategic implications of cruise-missile, hypersonic missile, drone technology and AI-enabled autonomous weapons systems proliferation;
Amendment 178 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Highlights that the international community must work on active measures to counter the
Amendment 179 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Highlights that the international community must work on
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas in the current tense European and global geopolitical context, key arms control treaties that came into force at the end of the Cold War have recently been
Amendment 180 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Welcomes the efforts made by the Vice President of the European Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy to promote the universalisation of the HCoC, the only multilateral transparency and confidence-building instrument in the area of proliferation of ballistic missiles, in view of further contributing to efforts to contain the proliferation of ballistic missiles capable of delivering weapons of mass destruction; calls on VP/HR to lead efforts towards greater cooperation between the HCoC and other arms control instruments;
Amendment 181 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Welcomes the efforts made by the Vice President of the European Commission / High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy to promote the universalisation of the HCoC; notes that such efforts are undermined by EU initiatives such as the European Defence Fund, which will inevitably lead to the production of more ballistic missiles;
Amendment 182 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 a (new) 19 a. Highlights the need to address the issue of non-nuclear hypersonic missile technology, which represents a delivery system for WMD and due to its technical characteristics lowers the threshold of the use of WMD in response to an attack;
Amendment 183 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Stresses the crucial role played by the Open Skies Treaty in transatlantic relations and its valuable contribution to global arms control architecture, trust- building and transparency about military activities carried out by signatory states; highlights that the US withdrawal has hindered smaller European states’ capacity to monitor their neighbours and hold them accountable for their military activities; regrets the recent adoption, by the Russian State Duma, of a bill of withdrawal from the Open Skies Treaty; calls on the remaining signatories to continue implementing the treaty; urges the US and the Russian Federation to resume talks with a view to returning to the treaty and to its full, effective and verifiable implementation;
Amendment 184 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Stresses the crucial role played by the Open Skies Treaty; calls on the remaining signatories to continue implementing the treaty; urges the US and the Russian Federation to resume talks with a view to returning to the treaty and to its full, effective and verifiable implementation; urges the remaining states to develop the Treaty further by reimagining it as a multi-purpose regime including scientist-to-scientist exchanges, emergency response cooperation, environmental monitoring, and other missions;
Amendment 185 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Stresses the crucial role played by the Open Skies Treaty; calls on the remaining signatories to continue implementing the treaty; urges the US and the Russian Federation to resume talks with a view to returning to the treaty and to its full, effective and verifiable implementation; calls for a new, more inclusive and binding agreement as a confidence-building measure for long- term stability at European and global level;
Amendment 186 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Is alarmed at the threat posed by chemical warfare following the most significant and sustained use of chemical weapons in decades is particularly worried by the increased capability of some State and non-State actors to produce forbidden chemical agent more rapidly, and with limited indicators for detection; insists on the need to uphold the global ethical norm against chemical weapons by preventing impunity for their use; calls to make effective use of the newly adopted EU Global Human Rights sanction regime in this respect; welcomes the adoption by the Council of a horizontal sanctions regime to address the growing use and proliferation of chemical weapons; reiterates its grave concern at the attempted assassination of Alexei Navalny using a banned nerve agent, considered as use of a chemical weapons under the CWC; welcomes the sanctions imposed on Russian officials on 14 October 2020 in response to this blatant violation of international norms;
Amendment 187 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Insists on the need to uphold the global ethical norm against chemical
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Insists on the need to uphold the global ethical norm against chemical weapons by preventing impunity for their use; welcomes the adoption by the Council of a horizontal sanctions regime to address the growing use and proliferation of chemical weapons; reiterates its grave concern at the attempted assassination
Amendment 189 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Insists on the need to uphold the global ethical norm against chemical weapons by preventing impunity for their use; welcomes the adoption by the Council of a horizontal sanctions regime to address the growing use and proliferation of chemical weapons;
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas in the current tense geopolitical context, key arms control treaties that came into force at the end of the Cold War have recently been dismantled, and the threat to resort to Weapons of Mass Destruction such as nuclear capabilities for resolving disputes among States is becoming worryingly widespread;
Amendment 190 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Insists on the need to uphold the global ethical norm against chemical weapons by preventing impunity for their use; welcomes the adoption by the Council of a horizontal sanctions regime to address the growing
Amendment 191 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Praises the instrumental role the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has been playing in the verified destruction of chemical agents;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Praises the instrumental role the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has been playing in the verified destruction of chemical agents; strongly condemns the use of chemical weapons by the Syrian Arab Republic; and condemns the numerous human rights violations and atrocities committed by the regime of Bashar al-Assad; underlines that such serious violations must not be forgotten and that accountability must be ensured to international sanctions;
Amendment 193 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Praises the instrumental role the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has been playing in the verified destruction of chemical agents; strongly condemns the use of chemical weapons by the Syrian Arab Republic; welcomes the decision taken at the twenty- Fifth Session of the Conference of the States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) to suspend certain rights and privileges of Syria under the OPCW;
Amendment 194 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Praises the instrumental role the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has been playing in the verified destruction of chemical agents;
Amendment 195 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Praises the instrumental role the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has been playing in the verified destruction of chemical agents;
Amendment 196 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Praises the instrumental role the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons has been playing in the verified destruction of chemical agents;
Amendment 197 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 a (new) Amendment 198 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Reiterates its full support for the BWC; welcomes the financial contribution provided by the EU directly to the BTWC and in support of strengthening bio-safety outside the EU; calls on the VP/HR to continue his efforts to promote the universalisation of the convention; points to the need to step up efforts to put in place a legally binding mechanism to verify compliance with the BWC;
Amendment 199 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23 a. Underlines the importance of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) which outlaws the use of dangerous viruses, bacteria, and toxic substances against humans, and strongly welcomes the EU’s efforts to ensure an wider global application of it;
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 1 b (new) — having regard to its resolution of 27 October 2016 on nuclear security and non-proliferation,
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas in the current tense geopolitical context, key arms control treaties that came into force at the end of the Cold War have recently been dismantled; whereas in a world of global interdependence, the EU's security cannot be achieved without renewed global arms control and disarmament efforts;
Amendment 200 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23 a. Underlines the important work carried out by EU SatCen in using space assets, satellite imagery and geospatial intelligence to monitor compliance to WMD disarmament and non-proliferation commitments;
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24.
Amendment 202 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Reiterates its will to work towards achieving a complete, irreversible and verifiable denuclearisation of the
Amendment 203 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Reiterates its will to work towards achieving
Amendment 204 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Reiterates its will to work towards achieving a complete, irreversible and verifiable denuclearisation of the Korean peninsula; urges the DPRK to swiftly
Amendment 205 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Points to the rapid advances in the development of artificial intelligence- enabled systems in the military domain; reiterates therefore its call on the EU to take the lead on international regulatory efforts to ensure that the development and application of AI for military uses stay within the strict limits set by international law, including international humanitarian law (IHL) and human rights law, and to pave the way to global negotiations with a view to updating all existing arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation instruments so as to take AI-enabled systems used in warfare into account; underlines that emerging technologies not covered by international law should be judged by the principle of humanity and the dictates of public conscience; calls on the VP/HR, the Member States and the European Council to adopt a joint position on autonomous weapons systems that ensures meaningful human control over the critical functions of weapons systems; insists on the launch of international negotiations on a legally binding instrument that would prohibit fully autonomous weapons;
Amendment 206 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Points to the rapid advances in the development of artificial intelligence- enabled systems in the military domain; insists on the
Amendment 207 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25 a. Underlines that the growing significance of Artificial intelligence and machine learning requires enhanced Member State cooperation with likeminded partners and that measures should be taken to advance transatlantic cooperation between tech companies in order to ensure partnering on development and application;
Amendment 208 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 b (new) 25 b. Encourages developing a set of common EU AI capabilities matched to a Member State’s operating concepts to bridge technical gaps to ensure that Member States lacking the relevant technology–industry expertise or the ability to implement AI systems in their ministries are not left behind;
Amendment 209 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Calls for the equal, full and meaningful participation of women in NPT forums to be ensured, including disarmament diplomacy and in all decision-making processes related to disarmament;
Amendment 21 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas
Amendment 210 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Calls for the equal, full and meaningful participation of women in NPT
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Calls for the equal, full and meaningful participation of women in NPT forums to be ensured and mainstreamed;
Amendment 212 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26 a. Decides to send a European Parliament delegation to the The First Meeting of States Parties (1MSP) to the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) which is currently scheduled to take place from 22 to 24 March 2022 in Vienna;
Amendment 213 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 27. Points to the need to take additional measures to fight the financing of the proliferation of WMD to disrupt technological and knowledge transfer to non-State hostile actors, as well as to the threat that CBRN terrorism could represent for our collective security; points to the need for the EU to foster responsible science, in order to prevent misuse of scientific research and experiment ;underlines the need to combat CBRN material smuggling and illicit trafficking and to prevent diversion risks; invites the EEAS and the Commission to tackle this issue in the expected Joint communication on a strategic approach to support the disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of ex-combatants (DDR);
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 a (new) 27 a. Stresses the need to increase efforts with a view to further strengthening the EU's preparedness and action against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) threats through the development of decontamination, stockpiling and monitoring capacities in the framework of the existing EU Civil Protection Mechanism;
Amendment 215 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 a (new) 27 a. Welcomes the existing assistance by the EU in Mitigating CBRN risks worldwide by providing assistance to partners countries;
Amendment 22 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas in the current tense geopolitical context, key arms control treaties that came into force at the end of the Cold War have recently been
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the EU aims to be a global actor for peace and supports the rules-based international order; whereas arms control and nuclear non- proliferation were at the very root of the start of the EU project, notably with EURATOM; whereas the EU, through its Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), is proactively contributing to the prevention of the use and proliferation of WMDs;
Amendment 24 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the EU, through its Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), is proactively contributing to the prevention of the use and proliferation of WMDs; whereas the Strategy should also be focused on new threats such as missile, drone, autonomous AI-based and energy- based weapons systems and technologies;
Amendment 25 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the EU, through its Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD), is proactively contributing to disarmament and the prevention of the use and proliferation of WMDs;
Amendment 26 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the EU, through its Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD),
Amendment 27 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas in more than fifty years of its existence, the Treaty on the Non- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) with its three mutually reinforcing pillars has proven to be a cornerstone of global nuclear arms control architecture and an effective tool to uphold international peace and security, by ensuring the compliance by the vast majority of signatory states with their non-proliferation obligations through implementation of stringent safeguards and norms against the acquisition of nuclear weapons;
Amendment 28 #
D. whereas the Treaty on the Non- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) has proven to be and remains a cornerstone of global nuclear arms control architecture and an effective tool to uphold international peace and security;
Amendment 29 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been playing an instrumental role in the implementation of the NPT; whereas the Additional Protocol (AP), substantially expands the IAEA’s ability to check for clandestine nuclear facilities;
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 4 Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution Recital F F. whereas tensions and
Amendment 31 #
Motion for a resolution Recital G G. whereas the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) entered into force on 22 January 2021; whereas six EU Member States participated in the TPNW negotiations in the UN General Assembly and five voted in favour of adoption of the new treaty: whereas three EU Member States are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas no NATO Allies and no state possessing nuclear weapons are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas
Amendment 32 #
Motion for a resolution Recital G G. whereas the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) entered into force on 22 January 2021; whereas three EU Member States are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas no NATO Allies and no state possessing nuclear weapons are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas there is no Council position on the TPNW; whereas no meaningful results in the global non- proliferation and disarmament efforts are possible without the involvement and active participation of the five nuclear- weapon States Parties to the NPT;
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution Recital G G. whereas the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) entered into force on 22 January 2021; whereas three EU Member States are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas no NATO Allies and no state possessing nuclear weapons are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas no meaningful results in the global non-proliferation and disarmament efforts are possible without the involvement and active participation of
Amendment 34 #
Motion for a resolution Recital G G. whereas the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) entered into force on 22 January 2021; whereas three EU Member States are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas no NATO Allies and no state possessing nuclear weapons are States Parties to the TPNW; whereas no meaningful results in the global non-proliferation and disarmament efforts are possible without the involvement and active participation of
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was an achievement of multilateral diplomacy led by the EU; whereas the US and Iran have begun indirect negotiations with a view to their return to the JCPOA; whereas Iran has ceased the application of the additional protocol, presenting a threat to regional and international peace and security as well as to global disarmament and non- proliferation efforts; whereas the government of the new Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi has still to demonstrate in a convincing and serious manner if it intends to comply with the JCPOA and seek a constructive and peaceful engagement with the EU;
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was an achievement of multilateral diplomacy led by the EU; whereas the US and Iran have begun indirect negotiations with a view to their return to the JCPOA;
Amendment 37 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was an achievement of multilateral diplomacy led by the EU; whereas, despite Iran’s verified compliance with the deal, the US unilaterally withdrew from the JCPOA in 2018 and re-imposed all US sanctions on Iran lifted by the accord; whereas the US and Iran have begun indirect negotiations with a view to their return to the JCPOA; whereas Iran
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was an achievement of multilateral diplomacy led by the EU; whereas
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was an achievement of multilateral diplomacy led by the EU; whereas the
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 6 a (new) — having regard to Council Decision 2010/212/CFSP of 29 March 2010 relating to the position of the European Union for the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non- Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, in particular its Article 3(9) on non-strategic nuclear weapons,
Amendment 40 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) was an achievement of multilateral diplomacy led by the EU; whereas the US and Iran have begun indirect negotiations with a view to their return to the JCPOA; whereas Iran has ceased the application of the additional protocol and intensified its uranium enrichment programs towards weapons- grade level;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution Recital H H. whereas the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I I. whereas the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) has not yet been universally ratified; whereas the EU has been consistently promoting the contribution of the CTBT Treaty to peace, security, disarmament and non- proliferation;
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution Recital I I. whereas ratification of eight states, including the US and China, prevents entry into force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT)
Amendment 44 #
Motion for a resolution Recital J J. whereas the Conference on Disarmament
Amendment 45 #
Motion for a resolution Recital K K. whereas following the collapse of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, due to Russia's repeated deployment of the SSC-8 missile system, which is nuclear-capable, mobile, hard to detect, and lowers the threshold for the use of nuclear weapons in armed conflict, the US and Russia are now no longer prohibited from building and deploying this category of weapons and from engaging in a new arms race;
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution Recital K K. whereas following the collapse of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, the US and Russia are now no longer prohibited from building and deploying this category of weapons and
Amendment 47 #
Motion for a resolution Recital K K. whereas following the collapse of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty after Russia had previously failed to comply with its obligations under the INF Treaty, the US and Russia are now no longer prohibited from building and deploying this category of weapons and from engaging in a new arms race;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution Recital K K. whereas following the collapse of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty following US withdrawal in August 2019, the US and Russia are now no longer prohibited from building and deploying this category of weapons and from engaging in a new arms race;
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution Recital K K. whereas following the collapse of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, the US and Russia are now no longer prohibited from building and deploying this category of weapons and from engaging in a new arms race, especially in Europe and Asia;
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 10 Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution Recital L a (new) L a. whereas the voluntary unilateral measures, the Presidential Nuclear Initiatives (PNIs), have led to substantial reductions of both the US and Russian deployed arsenal;
Amendment 51 #
Motion for a resolution Recital L b (new) Amendment 52 #
Motion for a resolution Recital M M. whereas in recent years,
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution Recital M M. whereas in recent years, China has substantially stepped up the development of its conventional and nuclear capabilities, creating thousands of precision warheads tied to sophisticated command and control systems, whereas China has shown reluctance to
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution Recital M M. whereas in recent years, China has substantially stepped up the development of its conventional and nuclear capabilities, whereas China has shown lack of transparency and reluctance to engage in talks on its potential participation in
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution Recital M M. whereas in recent years, China has substantially stepped up the development of its conventional, missile and nuclear capabilities, whereas China has shown reluctance to engage in talks on its potential participation in multilateral arms control
Amendment 56 #
Motion for a resolution Recital M a (new) M a. whereas Member States and likeminded partners should coordinate on issues where China’s actions are contrary to Euro-Atlantic security interests; prioritization should be given to challenges in the cyber, hybrid, EDT, space, arms control and non-proliferation areas;
Amendment 57 #
Motion for a resolution Recital N N. whereas
Amendment 58 #
Motion for a resolution Recital N N. whereas since the withdrawal of the UK from the EU, France is now the only nuclear Member State and continues actively the modernization and renewal of its nuclear arsenal;
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution Recital N N. whereas since the withdrawal of the UK from the EU, France is now the only nuclear Member State, but not the only nuclear state in Europe;
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 14 Amendment 60 #
Motion for a resolution Recital N N. whereas since the withdrawal of the UK from the EU, France is now the only nuclear Member State within the EU;
Amendment 61 #
Motion for a resolution Recital N a (new) N a. whereas the UK has announced that it will raise the ceiling for its overall nuclear stockpile size by more than 40%, to 260 operationally available warheads and to make its nuclear posture more opaque by no longer declaring stockpile numbers;
Amendment 62 #
Motion for a resolution Recital O O. whereas India and Pakistan, states outside the NPT framework, have declared themselves to be in possession of nuclear weapons; whereas it is generally understood that Israel is in possession of nuclear weapons; whereas North Korea has detonated several nuclear explosive devises since 2006 and announced its intention to withdraw from the NPT;
Amendment 63 #
Motion for a resolution Recital O O. whereas a number of middle powers have acquired the scientific, technological and industrial capabilities required to produce ballistic and cruise missiles; whereas India and Pakistan, states outside the NPT framework, have declared themselves to be in possession of nuclear weapons;
Amendment 64 #
Motion for a resolution Recital O O. whereas India and Pakistan, states outside the NPT framework, have declared themselves to be in possession of nuclear weapons; whereas Israel is in possession of nuclear weapons, despite not having declared as much, and whereas it has refused to participate in the NPT framework;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution Recital O a (new) Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution Recital O b (new) O b. whereas the threat of nuclear scientists trafficking in advanced technologies and nuclear know how in the international community, demonstrated by the Abdul Qadeer Khan Network which is still considered a 'serious proliferation risk', highlights the concern that clandestine proliferation represents among rogue regimes;
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution Recital Q Q. whereas the Open Skies Treaty, in force since 2002, was intended to build trust, confidence and mutual understanding between Russia and the US and its European allies; whereas Russia has failed for many years to comply with its obligations under the Open Skies Treaty; whereas the US and Russia have successively withdrawn from the treaty;
Amendment 68 #
Motion for a resolution Recital Q Q.
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution Recital Q Q. whereas
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 14 Amendment 70 #
Motion for a resolution Recital R R. whereas the Chemical Weapons Convention is the world’s first multilateral disarmament agreement to provide for the elimination of an entire category of
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution Recital R R. whereas the Chemical Weapons Convention is the world’s first multilateral disarmament agreement to provide for the elimination of an entire category of weapons of mass destruction;
Amendment 72 #
Motion for a resolution Recital R R. whereas the Chemical Weapons Convention is the world’s first multilateral disarmament agreement to provide for the verifiable elimination of an entire category of weapons of mass destruction; whereas in the past decade, the
Amendment 73 #
Motion for a resolution Recital S S. whereas the EU has been fully engaged in international efforts to improve bio-safety and bio-diversity through the implementation of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention; whereas 13 countries are not yet parties to the Convention; whereas the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) was agreed without on-
Amendment 74 #
Motion for a resolution Recital S S. whereas the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) was agreed without
Amendment 75 #
Motion for a resolution Recital T T. whereas the nuclear activities of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) represent a serious threat to international peace and security, and to global disarmament and non-proliferation efforts; whereas the DPRK's proliferation of small and medium range missile technology along with their nuclear know how has been widely trafficked to likeminded rogue regimes while their nuclear weapons program is frequently used to extort political and economic concessions from the international community;
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution Recital T T. whereas the
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution Recital T T. whereas the nuclear
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution Recital T T. whereas the nuclear activities of
Amendment 79 #
Motion for a resolution Recital T a (new) T a. whereas the emergence of humanitarian disarmament has positively challenged the traditional disarmament practices inherited from the Cold War;
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 16 Amendment 80 #
Motion for a resolution Recital T b (new) T b. whereas the number of women involved in efforts aimed at eliminating WMD remains alarmingly low, including in the areas of non-proliferation and disarmament (NPD) diplomacy;
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution Recital U Amendment 82 #
Motion for a resolution Recital U U. whereas climate-related risks could negatively affect our strategic security environment; whereas WMD disarmament and non-proliferation efforts can contribute to sustainable development
Amendment 83 #
Motion for a resolution Recital U U. whereas WMD disarmament and non-proliferation efforts can contribute to sustainable development, global security predictability and long-term stability;
Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution Recital V V. whereas the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need to increase EU chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN) preparedness; whereas an exchange of views with Commissioner for Crisis Management Janez LENARČIČ on EU preparedness and action against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) threats has taken place in the EP Subcommittee on Security and Defence on 31 May 2021; whereas this exchange of views clearly revealed the importance of urgently investing in the development of prevention, response and recovery measures in the framework of the existing EU Civil Protection Mechanism;
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution Recital V V. whereas the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need to increase EU chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN) preparedness also through meaningful cooperation and exchanges between the civilian and the military sectors;
Amendment 86 #
Motion for a resolution Recital V V. whereas the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need to increase EU chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN) preparedness, to build a CBRN pool of expertise and to foster the link between health and security;
Amendment 87 #
Motion for a resolution Recital V V. whereas the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the need to increase EU chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defence (CBRN) preparedness as well as investments in CBRN civil and military capabilities;
Amendment 88 #
Motion for a resolution Recital V V. whereas the COVID-19 pandemic
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Reiterates its full commitment to the preservation of effective international arms control, disarmament and non- proliferation regimes as a cornerstone of global and European security; recalls its commitment to pursuing policies designed to move forward the reduction and elimination of all nuclear arsenals and to achieve a world without nuclear weapons; calls for a renewed arms control multilateral order
Amendment 9 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 16 Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Reiterates its full commitment to the preservation of effective international arms control, disarmament and non- proliferation regimes as a cornerstone of global and European security; recalls its commitment to pursuing policies designed to move forward the reduction and elimination of all nuclear arsenals and to achieve a world without nuclear weapons; calls for the elimination of all CBRN weapons, and calls for a renewed arms control multilateral order;
Amendment 91 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Reiterates its full commitment to the preservation of effective international arms control, disarmament and non- proliferation regimes as a cornerstone of global and European security; recalls its commitment to pursuing policies designed to move forward the reduction and elimination of all nuclear arsenals and to achieve a world
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Reiterates its full commitment to the preservation of effective international arms control, disarmament and non- proliferation regimes as a cornerstone of global and European security; recalls its
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Reiterates its full commitment to the preservation of effective international arms control, disarmament and non- proliferation regimes as a cornerstone of global and European security; recalls its commitment to pursuing policies designed to move forward the reduction
Amendment 94 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Is alarmed by the ongoing erosion of the global non-proliferation, disarmament and arms control architecture, which is worsened by the rapid development of new systems; fears that withdrawal from, or the non-extension of, major arms control treaties would seriously damage the international arms control regimes that have provided decades of stability, and would undermine relationships between nuclear-armed states; underlines the urgent need to restore cross- border trust; is alarmed by the normalisation of WMD as a means to solve geopolitical disputes recently shown by several leaders worldwide;
Amendment 95 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Is alarmed by the ongoing erosion of the global non-proliferation, disarmament and arms control architecture, which is worsened by the rapid development of new systems such as AI- and energy-based weapons systems, hypersonic missile and drone technologies; fears that withdrawal from, or the non-extension of, major arms control treaties would seriously damage the international arms control regimes that have provided decades of
Amendment 96 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Is alarmed by the ongoing erosion of the global non-proliferation, disarmament and arms control architecture, which is worsened by the rapid development of new
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Is deeply concerned about the decision taken by several states amid ongoing growing tensions among major powers to reassess the nuclear factor in their national doctrines and modernise and diversify their arsenal; welcomes the intention of the US to assess, in the framework of the ongoing Nuclear Posture Review, possible ways to reduce the salience of nuclear weapons in its national security strategy;
Amendment 98 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Reaffirms its full support to the NPT
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Reaffirms its full support to the NPT; expects nuclear-weapon states to take steps 'in good faith' to demonstrate their genuine commitment to nuclear disarmament; exhorts States Parties to do their utmost to contribute to a successful and ambitious outcome of the upcoming 10th Review Conference; calls on EU Member States to attend the Review Conference at a high political level; invites all NPT States Parties to therefore constructively engage in the NPT framework, and agree on realistic, effective, tangible, reciprocal and verifiable measures conducive to the achievement of the shared goal of nuclear disarmament;
source: 697.564
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History
(these mark the time of scraping, not the official date of the change)
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