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2022/0155(COD) Combating child sexual abuse online

Progress: Awaiting Parliament's position in 1st reading

RoleCommitteeRapporteurShadows
Lead LIBE
Former Responsible Committee LIBE ZARZALEJOS Javier (icon: EPP EPP)
Committee Opinion BUDG
Committee Opinion IMCO
Committee Opinion CULT
Committee Opinion FEMM
Former Committee Opinion IMCO AGIUS SALIBA Alex (icon: S&D S&D) Marcel KOLAJA (icon: Verts/ALE Verts/ALE), Jean-Lin LACAPELLE (icon: ID ID), Catharina RINZEMA (icon: RE RE)
Former Committee Opinion BUDG HERBST Niclas (icon: EPP EPP) Nils TORVALDS (icon: RE RE), Silvia MODIG (icon: GUE/NGL GUE/NGL)
Former Committee Opinion CULT KIZILYÜREK Niyazi (icon: GUE/NGL GUE/NGL) Asim ADEMOV (icon: PPE PPE), Marcel KOLAJA (icon: Verts/ALE Verts/ALE), Lucia ĎURIŠ NICHOLSONOVÁ (icon: RE RE), Andrey SLABAKOV (icon: ECR ECR)
Former Committee Opinion FEMM FRITZON Heléne (icon: S&D S&D) Sandra PEREIRA (icon: GUE/NGL GUE/NGL), Pierrette HERZBERGER-FOFANA (icon: Verts/ALE Verts/ALE), Karen MELCHIOR (icon: RE RE), Eleni STAVROU (icon: PPE PPE)
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
RoP 57_o, TFEU 114

Events

2023/11/22
   EP - Committee decision to enter into interinstitutional negotiations confirmed by plenary (Rule 71)
2023/11/20
   EP - Committee decision to enter into interinstitutional negotiations announced in plenary (Rule 71)
2023/11/16
   EP - Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading
Details

The Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs adopted a report by Javier ZARZALEJOS (EPP, ES) on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down rules to prevent and combat child sexual abuse.

The committee responsible recommended that the European Parliament's position adopted at first reading under the ordinary legislative procedure should amend the proposal as follows:

Subject matter and scope

The proposed Regulation lays down uniform rules to address the misuse of relevant information society services for online child sexual abuse, in order to contribute to the proper functioning of the internal market and to create a safe, predictable and trusted online environment that facilitates innovation and in which fundamental rights enshrined in the Charter are effectively protected. It establishes, inter alia, obligations on providers of online games.

It should not apply to audio communications.

Detection obligations

Concerning detection orders and its consequent detection obligations, Members considered that they should cover not only the dissemination of material previously detected and confirmed as constituting child sexual abuse material (known material), but also material not previously detected that is likely to constitute child sexual abuse material but has not yet been confirmed as such (new material), as well as activities constituting the solicitation of children (grooming).

In the adopted text, Members excluded end-to-end encryption from the scope of the detection orders to guarantee that all users’ communications are secure and confidential. Providers would be able to choose which technologies to use as long as they comply with the strong safeguards foreseen in the law, and subject to an independent, public audit of these technologies.

In order to stress detection orders as a mechanism of last resort , Members proposed reinforcing prevention as part of the mitigation measures to be taken by relevant society communication services. Mitigation measures may include targeted measures to protect the rights of the child, including safety and security design for children by default, functionalities enabling age assurance and age scoring, age-appropriate parental control tools, allowing flagging and/or notifying mechanisms, self-reporting functionalities, or participating in codes of conduct for protecting children.

Detection orders should contain information about the right to appeal to a court of law according to the national legislation.

Reporting obligations

Providers of hosting services and providers of number-independent interpersonal communication services should establish and operate an easy to access, age-appropriate, child-friendly and user-friendly mechanism that allows any users or entity to flag or notify them of the presence on their service of specific items of information that the individual or entity considers to be potential online child sexual abuse, including self-generated material.

EU centre for child protection

Under the amended text, the European Union Agency to prevent and combat child sexual abuse, the EU Centre for child protection, is established. It should gather and share anonymised information, gender-, and age-disaggregated statistics, and expertise, educational materials and best practices and facilitate cooperation between relevant public and private parties in connection to the prevention and combating of child sexual abuse, in particular online. It should promote and ensure the appropriate support and assistance to victims.

Victims’ Rights and Survivors Consultative Forum

Members proposed to create a Victim’s Rights and Survivors Consultative Forum to make sure that victims’ voices are heard.

Establishment of an online European Child Protection Platform

Members proposed that the EU Centre should create, maintain and operate an online platform for the presentation of information about Member States hotlines and helplines ('Child Protection Platform'). That platform may also be used for the promotion of awareness-raising and prevention campaigns. The platform should be accessible 24 hours a day and seven days a week in all Union languages and shall be child-friendly, age-appropriate and accessible.

Seat

The choice of the location of the seat of the EU Centre should be made in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure, based on specific criteria. The Commission had initially proposed the Netherlands.

Review

Within three years from the entry into force of the Regulation, the Commission should submit a report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the necessity and feasibility of including the solicitation of children in the scope of the detection orders, taking into account in particular the reliability and accuracy of the state of art of the detection technologies. Where appropriate, the report should be accompanied by legislative proposals.

Documents
2023/10/24
   FR_ASSEMBLY - Contribution
Documents
2023/07/18
   PT_PARLIAMENT - Contribution
Documents
2023/05/15
   NL_SENATE - Contribution
Documents
2023/03/30
   IE_HOUSES-OF-OIREACHTAS - Contribution
Documents
2023/02/22
   FR_SENATE - Contribution
Documents
2023/02/16
   EP - Referral to associated committees announced in Parliament
2022/12/13
   EP - FRITZON Heléne (S&D) appointed as rapporteur in FEMM
2022/11/15
   NL_SENATE - Contribution
Documents
2022/10/10
   EP - ZARZALEJOS Javier (EPP) appointed as rapporteur in LIBE
2022/10/06
   ES_PARLIAMENT - Contribution
Documents
2022/09/12
   CZ_CHAMBER - Contribution
Documents
2022/09/12
   EP - Committee referral announced in Parliament, 1st reading
2022/07/05
   EP - AGIUS SALIBA Alex (S&D) appointed as rapporteur in IMCO
2022/06/24
   EP - KIZILYÜREK Niyazi (GUE/NGL) appointed as rapporteur in CULT
2022/06/21
   EP - HERBST Niclas (EPP) appointed as rapporteur in BUDG
2022/05/12
   EC - Document attached to the procedure
2022/05/12
   EC - Document attached to the procedure
2022/05/12
   EC - Document attached to the procedure
2022/05/11
   EC - Legislative proposal published
Details

PURPOSE: to set out a clear and harmonised legal framework on preventing and combating child sexual abuse.

PROPOSED ACT: Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council.

ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT: the European Parliament decides in accordance with the ordinary legislative procedure and on an equal footing with the Council.

BACKGROUND: information society services have become very important for communication, expression, gathering of information and many other aspects of present-day life, including for children but also for perpetrators of child sexual abuse offences. Such offences, which are subject to minimum rules set at Union level, are very serious criminal offences that need to be prevented and combated effectively in order to protect children’s rights and well-being, as is required under the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, and to protect society at large.

In the absence of harmonised rules at EU level, social media platforms, gaming services, other hosting and online service providers face divergent rules. Certain providers voluntarily use technology to detect, report and remove child sexual abuse material on their services. Measures taken, however, vary widely and voluntary action has proven insufficient to address the issue.

The protection of children, both offline and online, is a Union priority.

CONTENT: in order to address the abovementioned challenges, the Commission proposed to establish a clear and harmonised legal framework on preventing and combating online child sexual abuse . It seeks to provide legal certainty to providers as to their responsibilities to assess and mitigate risks and, where necessary, to detect, report and remove such abuse on their services in a manner consistent with the fundamental rights laid down in the Charter and as general principles of EU law.

This proposal therefore lays down uniform rules to address the misuse of relevant information society services for online child sexual abuse in the internal market. It establishes, in particular:

An EU Centre

The proposal seeks to establish the EU Centre on Child Sexual Abuse (EUCSA) as a decentralised agency to enable the implementation of the new Regulation. It aims to help remove obstacles to the internal market, especially in connection to the obligations of providers under this Regulation to detect online child sexual abuse, report it and remove child sexual abuse material. The Centre will create, maintain and operate databases of indicators of online child sexual abuse that providers will be required to use to comply with the detection obligations. These databases should therefore be ready before the Regulation enters into application. To ensure that, the Commission has already made funding available to Member States to help with the preparations of these databases.

Mandatory risk assessment and risk mitigation measures

Providers of hosting or interpersonal communication services will have to assess the risk that their services are misused to disseminate child sexual abuse material or for the solicitation of children, known as grooming. Providers will also have to propose risk mitigation measures.

Targeted detection obligations, based on a detection order

Member States will need to designate national authorities in charge of reviewing the risk assessment. Where such authorities determine that a significant risk remains, they can ask a court or an independent national authority to issue a detection order for known or new child sexual abuse material or grooming. Detection orders are limited in time, targeting a specific type of content on a specific service.

Strong safeguards on detection

Companies having received a detection order will only be able to detect content using indicators of child sexual abuse verified and provided by the EU Centre. Detection technologies must only be used for the purpose of detecting child sexual abuse. Providers will have to deploy technologies that are the least privacy-intrusive in accordance with the state of the art in the industry, and that limit the error rate of false positives to the maximum extent possible.

Clear reporting obligations

The proposal obliges providers that have detected online child sexual abuse to report it to the EU Centre.

Effective removal

National authorities can issue removal orders if the child sexual abuse material is not swiftly taken down. Internet access providers will also be required to disable access to images and videos that cannot be taken down, e.g., because they are hosted outside the EU in non-cooperative jurisdictions.

Reducing exposure to grooming

The rules require software application stores to ensure that children cannot download applications that may expose them to a high risk of solicitation of children.

Solid oversight mechanisms and judicial redress

Detection orders will be issued by courts or independent national authorities. To minimise the risk of erroneous detection and reporting, the EU Centre will verify reports of potential online child sexual abuse made by providers before sharing them with law enforcement authorities and Europol. Both providers and users will have the right to challenge any measure affecting them in Court.

Documents

AmendmentsDossier
2798 2022/0155(COD)
2022/11/30 CULT 124 amendments...
source: 739.506
2023/03/09 IMCO 513 amendments...
source: 745.291
2023/03/28 BUDG 37 amendments...
source: 745.269
2023/05/08 FEMM 491 amendments...