2023/2636(RSP) | [ParlTrack]

Citation 9 a (new)

— having regard to the European Commission proposal of 15 December 2021 for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on methane emissions reduction in the energy sector and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/942 COM/2021/805 final;

Amendment 10 #

Citation 13 a (new)

— having regard to the European Environment Agency´s assessment of the potential of European soils for stronger climate action1a; __________________ 1a https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/so il-carbon/soil-carbon

Amendment 100 #

Recital G a (new)

Ga. whereas soils are the largest terrestrial carbon pool on the planet; whereas ensuring healthy soils inside and outside of the EU strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change;

Amendment 101 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital H

H. whereas the Glasgow Climate Pact recognises the important role of non-Party stakeholders in contributing to progress towards the goals of the Paris Agreement; whereas the previous COP in Sharm el- Sheikh posed a particular barrier to public-participation;

Amendment 102 #

Recital H

H. whereas the Glasgow Climate Pact and the Sharm el-Sheikh Implementation Plan recognises the important role of non- Party stakeholders in contributing to progress towards the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 103 #

Recital H

Amendment 104 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Catherine CHABAUD

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas efforts to enhance efficiency and equity in the international funding system are now more necessary than ever; whereas overlapping crises have exposed an additional 120 million people to poverty over the past three years; whereas the transition towards a net-zero and biodiversity-positive world, in line with the 1.5° goal of the Paris Agreement and the Kunming-Montreal framework, requires a major transformation of economies and societies;

Amendment 105 #

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change recommends EU emission reductions of 90–95% by 2040, relative to 1990, and a remaining greenhouse gas budget of 11- 14 Gt CO2e for 2030-2050, based on a science-based assessment in order to mitigate climate risks and ensure a sustainable future;

Amendment 106 #

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas the UN World Water Development Report (2023) warns of global water crisis with imminent risks, whereas the Secretary-General of the United Nations refers to vampiric overconsumption and unsustainable water use which next to unchecked global warming are draining water sources drop by drop;

Amendment 107 #

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas the recent report from the UN High-Level Expert Group on the Net- Zero Emissions Commitments of Non- State Entities (HLEG) recommend better transparency and reporting of non-state climate action;

Amendment 108 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas public and private finance flows for fossil fuels remain higher than those for climate adaptation and mitigation1a; __________________ 1a IPCC summary for policymakers 2022

Amendment 109 #

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report made clear that carbon capture and storage is a critical decarbonisation strategy in most mitigation pathways;

Amendment 11 #

Citation 14 a (new)

— having regard to the United Nations World Water Development Report on Partnerships and cooperation for water of 15 March 2023 and the 22-24th March 2023 UN Water Conference, the first major conference of the United Nations (UN) dedicated to water since 1977;

Amendment 110 #

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report made clear that carbon capture and storage is a critical decarbonisation strategy in most mitigation pathways;

Amendment 111 #

Recital H a (new)

Ha. whereas the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report made clear that carbon capture and storage is a critical decarbonisation strategy in most mitigation pathways;

Amendment 112 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital H b (new)

Hb. whereas Article 7 of the Paris Agreement establishes the Global Goal on Adaptation of enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change; whereas COP26 initiated a comprehensive two-year Glasgow–Sharm el-Sheikh work programme on the global goal on adaptation; whereas, according to the IPCC’s AR6 WGII on Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, we are already approaching the hard limits to adaptation;

Amendment 113 #

Recital H b (new)

Hb. whereas methane is responsible for around 30% of the rise in global temperatures since the industrial revolution, and rapid and sustained reductions in methane emissions are key to limit near-term warming and improve air quality1a; whereas according to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, keeping global warming under 1.5 °C requires deep reductions in anthropogenic methane emissions by 20301b; __________________ 1a https://www.iea.org/reports/global- methane-tracker-2022/methane-and- climate-change 1b https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/syr/downlo ads/report/IPCC_AR6_SYR_LongerRepor t.pdf

Amendment 114 #

Recital H b (new)

Hb. whereas the unprecedented marine heat wave currently experienced in the North Atlantic, new research showing that the Arctic could be ice-free in summers already by 2030 (ten years ahead of previous predictions), or the undetermined global warming impacts of reducing aerosol and sulphur dioxide emissions, are all evidence that the world may be underestimating the speed and range of global warming;

Amendment 115 #

Recital H b (new)

Hb. whereas it is necessary to identify a series of priority actions to achieve the objective of building a more resilient financial system responsive to the shocks and challenges of the 21st century; whereas no country should ever have to choose between reducing poverty, achieving a green transition and preserving the planet;

Amendment 116 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital H c (new)

Hc. whereas the adverse impacts of the climate crisis and related Loss & Damages are disproportionately affecting vulnerable and marginalised people and systems;

Amendment 117 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital H d (new)

Hd. whereas developed countries have failed to mobilise USD 100 billion of climate finance per year by 2020 for climate action in developing countries;

Amendment 118 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital H e (new)

He. whereas peatlands are a powerful nature-based solution, storing 30% of the world’s soil carbon stocks in their waterlogged organic matter, over twice as much carbon as all the world's forests;1a whereas drained peatlands under agricultural use represent only 3% of total agricultural land area in the EU, yet the emit 25% of the emissions of the agricultural sector;1b whereas restoring peatlands is an essential action in the short-term to curb the EU’s emissions; __________________ 1a https://www.unep.org/news-and- stories/story/peatlands-store-twice-much- carbon-all-worlds-forests 1b Peatlands in the EU, March 2020

Amendment 119 #

Paragraph -1 (new)

-1. Recalls that the climate and biodiversity crises are the most important challenges facing humanity and that all governments and actors worldwide must do their utmost to overcome them urgently, treating the two crises as closely intertwined;

Amendment 12 #

Citation 15

— having regard to the aAgreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction (~~High Seas Treaty),~~BBNJ Agreement) adopted on 19 June 2023;

Amendment 120 #

Paragraph -1 a (new)

-1a. Stresses that the IPCC 6th Assessment Report confirmed that excess emissions from human activities have already raised global temperature by 1.1°C compared to pre-industrial levels as an average for 2010-2019; underlines that if global temperature would reach 1.5°C, entire ecosystems will be forever lost, and extreme weather events, wildfires, droughts and heat waves will become more common;

Amendment 121 #

Paragraph -1 b (new)

-1b. Reminds that the world has just had the eight warmest years on record, despite the cooling of La Niña the past three years which acted as a temporary brake on global temperature increase; recognises that the current development of El Niño will lead to a new spike in global heating; expresses deep concern over the fact that particularly rapid warming of the world’s oceans is seen even before the onset of El Niño; highlights that this not only means loss of marine species, more extreme weather events and sea-level rise, which in themselves have further implications, but also reduces the oceans’ ability to absorb carbon dioxide; recognises that such carbon cycle feedbacks may force us to completely and rapidly re-evaluate the remaining greenhouse gas budgets;

Amendment 122 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 1

1. Takes note of the Glasgow Climate Pact and the limited progress made during COP27; stresses, however, that limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires rapid, deep and sustained mitigation actions and that global greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced by 43 % compared to 2019 levels in this critical decade before 2030; expresses regret at the failure of COP27 to ramp up ambition, particularly the low ambition of the Sharm el Sheikh implementation plan in relation to the phase out of fossil fuels;

Amendment 123 #

Paragraph 1

1. Takes note of the Glasgow Climate Pact ~~and the progress made during COP27; stresses, however,~~; expresses, however, concern about the limited progress in stepping up climate change mitigation since then, including during COP27 and the inter-sessional meeting in Bonn in June 2023; reiterates the conclusions by the IPCC that limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires rapid, deep and sustained mitigation actions and ~~that~~a reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions ~~must be reduced~~ by 43 % compared to 2019 levels in this critical decade before 2030;

Amendment 124 #

Paragraph 1

1. Takes note of the Glasgow Climate Pact and the progress made during COP27; stresses, however, that limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires rapid, deep and sustained mitigation actions and that global greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced by 43 % compared to 2019 levels in this critical decade before 2030; urges the international community to make a concerted effort to achieve this goal and the developed country Parties to lead by example;

Amendment 125 #

Paragraph 1

1. Takes note of the Glasgow Climate Pact and the progress made during COP27; stresses, however, that limiting global warming to ~~1.5~~2 °C requires rapid, deep and sustained mitigation actions and that global greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced by 43 % compared to 2019 levels in this critical decade before 2030;

Amendment 126 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 1 a (new)

1a. Expresses concern at the findings of the UNEP’s emissions gap report 2022, in particular that, despite more ambitious climate pledges, predicted emissions leave the world on a path to a 2.8° C temperature rise if national pledges are fully implemented in combination with other mitigation measures, far beyond the Paris Agreement goals of limiting global warming to well below 2° C and pursuing 1.5° C; stresses that only an urgent system-wide transformation can deliver the enormous cuts needed to limit greenhouse gas emissions by 2030;

Amendment 127 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 1 a (new)

1a. Calls on the Commission and Council to use all diplomatic channels prior to the conference to engage all Parties in scaling up their short-, medium-, and long-term climate policies and raising the ambition of their NDCs to a level compatible with the 1.5°C pathway;

Amendment 128 #

Paragraph 1 a (new)

1a. Emphasises that climate risks will be magnified by any delay in providing effective measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change, therefore resulting in increasing loss and damages;

Amendment 129 #

Paragraph 1 a (new)

1a. Emphasises that climate risks will be magnified by any delay in providing effective measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change, therefore resulting in increasing loss and damages;

Amendment 13 #

Citation 15 a (new)

— having regard to the UN Water Conference and the 2023 United Nations World Water Development Report on Partnerships and cooperation for water of 22 March 2023;

Amendment 130 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 1 b (new)

1b. Expresses deep concern at the findings of the UNEP’s emissions gap report 2022, in particular that the window of opportunity is closing and the world is not on track to reach the Paris Agreement goals, with current projections foreseeing global temperatures reaching 2.8°C by the end of the century; is alarmed that emissions are still rising and the emissions gap is widening; stresses that limiting global warming to 1,5 °C requires rapid, deep and sustained reductions in global GHG emissions, including reducing global CO2 emissions by 45 % by 2030 compared to current GHG levels; calls attention to how the report underlines that a stepwise approach is no longer an option, and that there is a need for system-wide transformation; points also to how the report calls for reform of financial systems so that these urgent transformations can be adequately financed;

Amendment 131 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 2

2. Stresses the need to accelerate climate action, wherever possible and that this acceleration should not be driven by those countries that are already at the forefront, to enhance the ambition ~~and promot~~of some parties and to guarantee a green and, above all, just transition;

Amendment 132 #

Paragraph 2

2. Stresses the urgent need to accelerate climate action, enhance ambition and promote a green and just transition, in order to meet the targets of the Paris Agreement, including by developing and implementing regional energy transition plans to 2030 and to 2040;

Amendment 133 #

Paragraph 2

2. Stresses the need to accelerate climate action, enhance ambition and promote a green and just transition that leaves no one behind;

Amendment 134 #

Paragraph 2

2. Stresses the need to accelerate climate action~~, enhance ambition~~ and promote a green and just transition;

Amendment 135 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 2 a (new)

2a. Calls for the COP28 to address the need for a systemic transformation of our economic model from a growth-dependent system to a new economic model that promotes wellbeing for all within the limits of the planet;

Amendment 136 #

Paragraph 3

3. Underlines that the process of Global Stocktakes is a central element of the Paris Agreement and that the first GST is a key ~~process~~moment for enhancing the collective ambition of climate action and support; expects all Parties to fully engage in the GST in order to close the emissions gap and strengthen commitments in line with the Paris Agreement, speed up the implementation of concrete measures and bring an effective transition to deliver results jointly, including by 2035 and 2040; underlines in particular the responsibility of all major emitters in this regard;

Amendment 137 #

Paragraph 3

3. Underlines that the first GST is a key process for enhancing the collective ambition of climate action and support; Calls on Parties to undertake the GST seriously by moving from pledges to planning and committing to truly pursue the change needed to secure a zero- carbon, climate-resilient and equitable future; Emphasises that climate risks will be magnified by any delay in providing effective measures to mitigate and adapt to climate change, therefore resulting in increasing loss and damages;

Amendment 138 #

Paragraph 3

Amendment 139 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 3

3. Underlines that the first GST is a key process for enhancing the collective ambition of climate action and support and putting the collective ambition of the Parties on a 1.5°C pathway;

Amendment 14 #

Citation 15 a (new)

— having regard to the resolution adopted by the Human Rights Council on 12 July 2019 entitled ‘Human Rights and Climate Change’ (A/HRC/RES/41/21);

Amendment 140 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 3

3. Underlines that the first GST is a key process for enhancing the collective ambition of climate action and support because it offers a pivotal opportunity to correct course;

Amendment 141 #

Paragraph 4

4. Reiterates that GST work should be based on science and guided by the principle of equity and the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities; recalls that GST work should review climate action while also taking into account human rights, right of indigenous peoples and local communities, gender and intergenerational justice;

Amendment 142 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 4 a (new)

4a. Welcomes the intention to present a global target for renewable energy at COP28 and believes that such target should be based on accurate and forward- looking analysis of infrastructure needs, land use, social and environmental constraints;

Amendment 143 #

Paragraph 4 a (new)

4a. Welcomes the intention to present a global target for renewable energy at COP28 and believes that such target should be based on accurate and forward- looking analysis;

Amendment 144 #

Paragraph 4 a (new)

4a. Welcomes the intention to present a global target for renewable energy at COP28 and believes that such target should be based on accurate and forward- looking analysis;

Amendment 145 #

Paragraph 4 a (new)

4a. Welcomes the intention to present a global target for renewable energy at COP28 and believes that such target should be based on accurate and forward- looking analysis;

Amendment 146 #

Paragraph 5

5. Urges all Parties to the UNFCCC to increase their NDCs in order to close the emissions gaps as identified by the IPCC and UNEP, and to close the implementation gaps by stepping up policy implementation to achieve the stated commitments; underlines the particular responsibility of all major emitters and the G20 countries to take the lead;

Amendment 147 #

Paragraph 5

5. Urges ~~all~~the Parties ~~to the UNFCCC~~whose NDCs are not in line with limiting global warming to below 2 degrees to increase their NDCs in order to close the emissions gaps, and, where necessary, to close the implementation gaps by stepping up policy implementation to achieve the stated commitments;

Amendment 148 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 5

5. Urges all Parties to the UNFCCC to increase their NDCs on the basis of the assessment of the first GST in order to close the emissions gaps, and to close the implementation gaps by stepping up mitigation policy implementation to achieve the stated commitments;

Amendment 149 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 5

5. Urges all Parties to the UNFCCC to increase their NDCs in order to urgently close the emissions gaps, and to close the implementation gaps by stepping up and improving policy implementation to achieve the ~~stated~~all relevant commitments;

Amendment 15 #

Citation 15 b (new)

— having regard to the Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change of 26 July 2022 (A/77/226);

Amendment 150 #

Paragraph 5

5. Urges all Parties to the ~~UNFCCC~~Paris Agreement to increase their NDCs in order to close the emissions gaps, and to close the implementation gaps by stepping up policy implementation to achieve the stated commitments;

Amendment 151 #

Paragraph 5 a (new)

5a. Stresses that the GST outputs and related COP28 decisions must propose concrete, actionable, and specific processes to get on track with the Paris Agreement goals; is of the opinion that such processes should include the continuation of the annual NDC synthesis report to assess progress on closing the ambition gap, as well as yearly UNFCCC reports measuring progress on sectoral objectives and pledges taken so far; stresses that such processes should lead to concrete policies and plans that take a science-based, gender-responsive, and human rights based approach, including the rights of Indigenous Peoples, taking into account social justice and intergenerational equity;

Amendment 152 #

Paragraph 5 a (new)

5a. Urges all Parties to ensure robust rules for cooperative mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement and calls on the EU and the Member States to strictly defend a high level of climate integrity, based on best available science, in the negotiations on the outstanding issues, including on the role of removals, in order to ensure that the rules provide genuine emission reductions and full transparency;

Amendment 153 #

Paragraph 5 a (new)

5a. Recalls that cities are responsible for over 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions and consume about 80% of the world's energy; recognises the leadership of local and regional authorities in accelerating and broadening action and invites all Parties to include subnational climate commitments, actions and achievements in their NDCs and national adaptation plans;

Amendment 154 #

Paragraph 5 a (new)

Amendment 155 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 5 a (new)

5a. Calls on the COP presidency and all Parties to aim to ensure that COP28 is as inclusive as possible; notes the particular challenge that running overtime for the final COP decision poses to the Least Developed Country delegates; calls for a conclusion of the COP by the final day of the programme;

Amendment 156 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 5 b (new)

5b. Highlights the necessity to bring the fossil fuel era to an end; stresses the imperative to reach an agreement in the COP final decision on a global phase out of fossil fuel consumption, without caveats; calls on all Parties to support the development of a fossil fuel non- proliferation treaty; notes that the G7 has recently agreed to accelerate "the phase- out of unabated fossil fuels so as to achieve net zero in energy systems by 2050 at the latest"; stresses that such a fossil fuel phase-out deal would need to be accompanied by commensurate climate finance for developing countries;

Amendment 157 #

Paragraph 5 b (new)

5b. Stresses the importance of delivering an ambitious outcome at COP28 that points to a tangible phase out of fossil fuels, ambitious approaches to reduce energy demand, and a rapid scale- up of renewable energy deployment; urges the Union and the Member States to take a proactive and constructive role in that regard; emphasises that this must include halting all new investments in fossil fuel extraction both by public and private financiers as well as state-owned enterprises;

Amendment 158 #

Paragraph 5 c (new)

5c. Is of the opinion that the Union and the Member States should not accept an outcome that encourages abatement technologies for fossil fuels in the power sector, or a weak stance on a just energy transition;

Amendment 159 #

Paragraph 5 d (new)

5d. Emphasises that the IEA net-zero by 2050 Roadmap states that wind and solar need to be deployed four times faster by 2030, compared to 2020 levels; calls on the Commission and the Member States to make this level of ambition a key priority for COP28, and design financial tools that support the deployment and lower the cost of capital in developing countries;

Amendment 16 #

Citation 15 c (new)

— having regard to the Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights of indigenous peoples of 1 November 2017 on the impacts of climate change and climate finance on indigenous peoples’ rights (A/HRC/36/46) and the Stockholm +50 Indigenous Peoples Declaration;

Amendment 160 #

Paragraph 6

6. Urges all Parties to deliver a credible, robust and implementable global goal on adaptation framework at COP28 in order to enhance adaptive capacity, strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change, while ensuring that the proportion of people living in energy and transportation poverty does not increase, notes that it is therefore crucial that all Parties develop as unambiguous a definition of energy and transportation poverty as possible and continue to consistently monitor the number of people suffering from it;

Amendment 161 #

Paragraph 6

6. Urges all Parties to deliver a credible, robust and implementable global goal on adaptation framework at COP28 in order to enhance adaptive capacity, strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change; urges all Parties to adopt a permanent agenda item on GGA under the Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of the Paris Agreement (CMA) and its Subsidiary Bodies;

Amendment 162 #

Paragraph 6

6. Urges all Parties to deliver a credible, robust and implementable global ~~goal on~~ adaptation framework at COP28 in order to enhance adaptive capacity, strengthen resilience and reduce vulnerability to climate change, with enhanced focus on water, water ecosystems and services, and on their role in this framework;

Amendment 163 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Notes with serious concern the existing gap between current levels of adaptation and levels needed to respond to the adverse effect of climate change in line with findings from the contribution of Working Group II to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Sixth Assessment Report; urges Parties to adopt a transformational approach to enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change; urges developed country Parties to urgently and significantly scale up their provision of climate finance, technology transfer and capacity-building for adaptation so as to respond to the needs of developing country Parties as part of a global effort, including for the formulation and implementation of national adaptation plans and adaptation communications; invites further contributions to the Least Developed Countries Fund and the Special Climate Change Fund;

Amendment 164 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Reiterates that adaptation action in the short, medium and long term, is an inevitable necessity for all Parties if they are to minimise the negative effects of the climate and biodiversity crises, stressing the particular vulnerabilities to climate change impacts of developing countries, especially the least developed countries and small island developing states;

Amendment 165 #

Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Stresses that the GGA should be designed to support coordination processes and actions on adaptation at local, regional and national levels, with locally derived goals and led plans and actions; stresses the importance of ecosystem- and community based adaptation based on inclusive approaches, including Indigenous Peoples’ wisdom, values and knowledge;

Amendment 166 #

Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Urges all Parties to recognise the value of water and its role in climate change adaptation and mitigation; deliver global water actions to ensure secured, resilient, and sustainable water management in order to enhance solutions to tackle water risks such as desertification, droughts, floods, and water pollution;

Amendment 167 #

Paragraph 6 a (new)

Amendment 168 #

Paragraph 6 a (new)

Amendment 169 #

Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Underlines that, while climate change is a global problem, each region will be affected differently and that local level governance bodies, being closer to citizens, are frequently the most appropriate entities for developing mitigation and adaptation strategies to address the problem;

Amendment 17 #

Citation 17 a (new)

— having regard to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the governance of the energy union and climate action,

Amendment 170 #

Paragraph 6 a (new)

6a. Calls on all Parties to work towards a diversified energy system centered on availability, affordability and clean energy;

Amendment 171 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 b (new)

6b. Stresses that according to the IPCC’s AR6 WGII on Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability, we are already approaching the hard limits to adaptation; stresses the importance of setting the Global Goal on Adaptation and for all parties to enhance adaptation action; calls on the countries that have no submitted Adaptation Communications or National Adaptation Plans to do so without delay; calls on all Parties to update their NDCs to include a robust adaptation component, with specific adaptation measures and associated quantified targets prior to COP28;

Amendment 172 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 6 b (new)

6b. Calls on the EU and the Member States to increase adaptation action through mandatory adaptation plans, climate vulnerability assessments and climate stress tests at local, regional, and national levels and through support for locally-led approaches and engagement with local authorities and local civil society in order to fully honour the adaptation goal of the Paris Agreement and to ensure that EU adaptation policies sufficiently protect communities and ecosystems in the EU from the damaging effects of climate change; calls for further progress on the EU Adaptation Strategy;

Amendment 173 #

Paragraph 6 b (new)

6b. Calls on all Parties to scale up their commitments and present a definitive roadmap for a collective objective of doubling adaptation finance by 2025, based on 2019 levels, with the aim to achieve a balance between mitigation and adaptation finance; calls on the Commission and Member States to work with other contributor countries to put forward a robust plan to meet the COP26 commitment;

Amendment 174 #

Paragraph 6 b (new)

6b. Calls on all Parties to ensure strict technological neutrality when designing their energy systems and to treat all technologies suitable for generating low- carbon energy equally, because only in this way can a stable, reliable and diverse energy system be created, while keeping costs somewhat manageable for citizens;

Amendment 175 #

Paragraph 6 b (new)

6b. Recalls that in the EU, natural disasters affected nearly 50 million people between 1980 and 2020 and caused an average of EUR 12 billion in economic losses each year1a; recognises the unequal distribution of these losses, harming cities and regions that already face challenges such as low economic growth or high youth unemployment; __________________ 1a Overview of natural and man-made disaster risks the European Union may face: 2020 edition.

Amendment 176 #

Paragraph 6 b (new)

Amendment 177 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 c (new)

6c. Highlights the need to step up efforts to translate the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA) into measurable outcomes that that should, inter alia, provide a thorough understanding of climate risks and associated adaptation needs and costs at multiple levels, increase the availability of consistent and comparable data, determine and enhance the provision and accessibility of means of implementation including finance and technology support needs to achieve the goal and develop and use of a common set of quantitative and qualitative metrics, methodologies and approaches to track progress towards achieving the goal over time;

Amendment 178 #

Paragraph 6 c (new)

6c. Urges the Commission and Member States to set out concrete pathways to increase its adaptation finance by 2025, including through the EU budget, prioritising grants, to commit to the Principles for Locally-Led Adaptation, and to improve access to adaptation finance;

Amendment 179 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 6 c (new)

6c. Calls for further progress on the EU Adaptation Strategy through mandatory adaptation plans, climate vulnerability assessments and climate stress tests at local, regional, and national levels and support for locally-led approaches;

Amendment 18 #

Citation 17 b (new)

— having regard to the UN Water Conference and the 2023 United Nations World Water Development Report on Partnerships and cooperation for water of 22 March 2023,

Amendment 180 #

Paragraph 6 c (new)

6c. Calls for locally-led adaptation approaches that enable affected communities to act as the primary agents of change; points out that climate change disproportionately affects the most vulnerable;

Amendment 181 #

Paragraph 6 c (new)

6c. Calls for locally-led adaptation approaches that enable affected communities to act as the primary agents of change; points out that climate change disproportionately affects the most vulnerable;

Amendment 182 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 d (new)

6d. Notes that financial support for mitigation remains greater than support for adaptation; points out that in 2019 mitigation represented two-thirds of total climate finance provided and mobilised by developed countries (USD 50.8 billion), while adaptation finance only reached $20.1 billion and cross-cutting mitigation and adaptation USD 8.7 billion;1a strongly supports the call for developed nations to at least double their collective provision of adaptation finance from 2019 levels by 2025, in line with the Glasgow Climate Pact, moreover emphasises that even this would not reach a balance in adaptation finance, highlighting the importance of grants-based adaptation finance; __________________ 1a 5a OECD, 'Climate Finance Provided and Mobilised: Aggregate Trends Update with 2019 data', 2019 https://www.oecd- ilibrary.org/finance-and- investment/climate-finance-provided-and- mobilised-by-developed-countries- aggregate-trends-updated-with-2019- data_03590fb7-en;jsessionid=6- b65RK7xuEaw-0k4ql8yAP4-uUu9qfJ- YcR7X7r.ip-10-240-5-110

Amendment 183 #

Paragraph 6 d (new)

6d. Calls for locally-led adaptation approaches that enable affected communities to act as the primary agents of change; points out that climate change disproportionately affects the most vulnerable, including women, the elderly, people with disabilities and indigenous groups;

Amendment 184 #

Paragraph 6 d (new)

Amendment 185 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Petros KOKKALIS, Marisa MATIAS

Paragraph 6 e (new)

6e. Reiterates that adaptation action is an unavoidable necessity for all countries if they are to minimise the negative effects of the climate and biodiversity crises and achieve climate resilience and sustainable development, noting the particular vulnerabilities to climate change impacts of developing countries; calls on the EU and the Member States to step up adaptation action and to engage local authorities and local civil society and ensure that EU adaptation policies sufficiently protect communities and ecosystems from the effects of climate change; stresses the importance of the new EU Adaptation Strategy and its linkages with the EU Biodiversity Strategy and the new regulatory framework on adaptation stemming from the European Climate Law, and reiterates calls for their ambitious implementation, including of their international components;

Amendment 186 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 f (new)

6f. Stresses that climate change and environmental degradation are major drivers of human displacement and threat multipliers; calls on historical emitters to help developing countries adapt to climate inter alia through grants-based financing and technical support; stresses that insufficient adaptation capacities can lead to armed conflicts, food shortages, natural catastrophes and climate-induced displacement; expresses its support for the WIM Task Force on Displacement, and expects COP27 to give more attention to climate-induced displacement; calls the Commission and the Member States to recognize the needs and vulnerability of people affected by climate displacement and strengthen protection and step up efforts to find solutions;

Amendment 187 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 g (new)

6g. Stresses that early warning systems are critical to effective adaptation but are only available to less than half of WMO members’; supports the WMO's proposal to make early warning systems reach everyone in the next five years hopes that this Early Warning Services initiative will be implemented rapidly particularly with the aim of saving as many lives as soon as possible;

Amendment 188 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 h (new)

6h. Emphasises that green infrastructure and greening urban areas contributes significantly to climate adaptation and resilience; notes that its development is among the most effective climate adaptation measures that can be taken in cities, as it mitigates the negative impacts of climate change and increasingly frequent extreme weather phenomena, such as heatwaves, forest fires, extreme rainfall, flooding and drought, evens out extreme temperatures, and improves the quality of life of EU residents living in urban areas;

Amendment 189 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 i (new)

6i. Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring water and water-related ecosystems, including river basins, aquifers and lakes, and urges Parties to further integrate water into adaptation efforts; stresses the particular challenge in Europe, with water stress becoming a major and growing concern;1a underscores that droughts and water scarcity are no longer rare or extreme events in Europe, and about 20 % of the European territory and 30 % of Europeans are affected by water stress during an average year according to the EEA; __________________ 1a EEA report ‘Water resources across Europe — confronting water stress: an updated assessment’ Publication

Amendment 19 #

Citation 18 a (new)

— having regard to the report ´Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050´ of 15 June 2023 by the European Scientific Advisory Board for Climate Change 1a; __________________ 1a https://climate-advisory- board.europa.eu/reports-and- publications/scientific-advice-for-the- determination-of-an-eu-wide- 2040/esabcc_advice_eu_2040_target.pdf/ @@display-file/file

Amendment 190 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 6 j (new)

6j. Underlines the importance of an adequate and effective response to loss and damage and the urgency in operationalising the new Loss and Damage fund; notes that Article 8 of the Paris Agreement (on loss and damage) states that the Parties should take a cooperative approach to loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change; highlights, therefore, the importance of supportive global action in areas especially vulnerable to climate change impacts, such as coastal areas and islands, and where adaptive capacity is limited; recognises that these are essential components of global climate justice; calls on the Commission and the Member States to continue to act as bridge- builders between developed, developing and least developed countries;

Amendment 191 #

Paragraph 7

7. Urges all Parties to deliver on making the loss and damage f~~inance facility~~und operational at COP28 in order to ensure new, additional, adequate and predictable public funding that clearly prioritises grants to avert, minimise and address loss and damage associated with the adverse impacts of climate change, with priority being on addressing loss and damage; urges the Commission and the Member States to be ready to make significant multi-year pledges to the new Loss and Damage Fund by or at COP28;

Amendment 192 #

Paragraph 7

7. Urges all Parties to deliver on making the loss and damage finance facility operational at COP28 in order to ensure new, additional and predictable public funding ~~that clearly prioritises grants~~ to avert, minimise and address loss and damage associated with the adverse impacts of climate change;

Amendment 193 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 a (new)

7a. Strongly welcomes the adoption of the decisions at COP27 on matters relating to funding arrangements responding to loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change; considers this to be an historic agreement, and acknowledges the role of the EU delegates in their role in this important bridge-building; stresses the necessity for the funding arrangements to be adequate; calls on the nations' most responsible for the climate crisis to contribute in a manner that is equitable to the fund;

Amendment 194 #

Paragraph 7 a (new)

7a. Emphasises that local and regional authorities have an essential role in diagnosing, assessing and shaping responses based on the needs, risks and threats of their population and territories; highlights that decentralised delivery of loss and damage finance through local governments can guarantee that finance is available at local level when shocks occur, and that investments are geared to respond to local conditions and channelled more effectively towards citizens' priorities;

Amendment 195 #

Paragraph 7 a (new)

Amendment 196 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 7 a (new)

7a. Stresses the need for the Commission and the Member States to take on roles as bridge-builders between developed, developing and least developed countries, with the aim to step up the work of the High Ambition Coalition on both mitigation and adaptation finance and the operationalisation of the loss and damage finance facility; recognises that these are essential components of global climate justice;

Amendment 197 #

Paragraph 7 a (new)

7a. Calls on all Parties to ensure meaningful participation of civil society and frontline communities within the governing instrument of the Loss and Damage Fund;

Amendment 198 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 a (new)

7a. Calls on the UNFCCC and the UAE authorities to ensure equitable access, full and unrestricted participation of all citizens and civil society organisations in COP28; denounces the barriers to participation from previous COPs;

Amendment 199 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 b (new)

7b. Reiterates its call for loss and damage to be a standing agenda item for future COPs, so that there is clear negotiating space to monitor and make progress on this issue, and for the full operationalisation of the Santiago Network in order to effectively catalyse technical assistance for adequately addressing loss and damage;

Amendment 2 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 9 a (new)

— having regard to the Commission communication of 14 October 2020 on an EU strategy to reduce methane emissions and its resolution of 21 October 2021;

Amendment 20 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 19 a (new)

— having regard to the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change and its report of 15 June on Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030-2050;

Amendment 200 #

Paragraph 7 b (new)

7b. Supports the creation of new and additional innovative sources of financing for loss and damage, including but not restricted to an international levy on maritime and aviation emissions, an international levy on fossil fuel producers, an international tax on financial transactions;

Amendment 201 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 b (new)

7b. Stresses that the Glasgow Climate Pact recognises the important role of non- Party stakeholders, including civil society, indigenous people, local communities, youth, children, local and regional governments and other stakeholders, in contributing to progress towards the objective of the Convention and the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 202 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 c (new)

7c. Notes that the work of the transitional committee on loss and damage is already underway; insists on an inclusive, transparent, and efficient process, which centres the voices of the most vulnerable countries; calls for a clear definition for Loss and Damage and a methodology for estimating it, informed by science and the needs of communities; strongly believes that loss and Damage funding must be grant-based, and additional to and distinct from humanitarian aid; calls for an outcome at COP28 that gives clear recommendations for the new funds structure, governance and funding arrangements (who will pay in and who will be eligible);

Amendment 203 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 7 c (new)

7c. Urges the Commission to support further work on the selection of the Santiago Network host according to principles set out in the COP27 decision, in view of a decision at COP28;

Amendment 204 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 c (new)

7c. Reiterates its condemnation in the strongest terms of the Egyptian authorities’ censorship, harassment and intimidation of representatives of Egypt’s civil society, which has taken place even on international UN premises, as well as the new wave of arrests and detentions in the context of COP271a;strongly believes that COP27 in Egypt should be the last COP characterised by censorship, harassment, intimidation, and unjustified arrests and detentions; strongly supports the call by UN experts for the UNFCCC Secretariat to develop human rights criteria that countries hosting future COPs must commit to meeting as part of the host agreement; __________________ 1a Human rights situation in Egypt resolution December 2022

Amendment 205 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 d (new)

7d. Stresses the powerful role of youth mobilisations in driving climate ambition in their relevant jurisdictions; commends and expresses its solidarity with those seeking to raise awareness about the climate crisis and campaigning for meaningful action;

Amendment 206 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 7 e (new)

7e. Recalls the importance of the full involvement of all Parties in the UNFCCC decision-making processes; stresses that the current decision-making process under the UNFCCC could be improved to better allow for the full participation of developing countries and least developed country (LDC) delegates and civil society representatives; considers it essential for the perspectives of countries suffering most from climate change to be heard and acted on; calls therefore on the COP28 presidency and future presidencies to explore additional ways to ensure effective and meaningful participation of developing countries and to allocate additional resources to this;

Amendment 207 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Subheading 4

~~Participation of stakeholders and conflict of interests~~Conflicts of interest, transparency, integrity;

Amendment 208 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 8

8. Calls on the UNFCCC, all Parties and the authorities of the United Arab Emirates to ensure equitable access to COP 28 and full and unrestricted participation in COP28 for all citizens and civil society organisations; calls on the EU and its Member States to collaborate with the UNFCCC and all Parties to avoid future conflicts of interests in upcoming presidencies;

Amendment 209 #

Paragraph 8

8. Calls on the UNFCCC and the authorities of the United Arab Emirates to ensure equitable access to COP 28 and full and unrestricted participation in COP28 for all citizens and civil society organisations, including those representing impacted communities; believes that access to relevant documents, including preparatory documents, must be warranted;

Amendment 21 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 20

— having regard to its resolution of xx15 June 2023 on the implementation and delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals,;

Amendment 210 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 8

8. Calls on the UNFCCC and the authorities of the United Arab Emirates to ensure equitable access to COP 28 and full and unrestricted participation in COP28 for all citizens and civil society organisations; denounces the barriers to participation from previous COPs;

Amendment 211 #

Paragraph 8

8. Calls on the UNFCCC and the authorities of the United Arab Emirates to ensure equitable access to COP 28 and full and unrestricted participation in COP28 for all ~~citizens and civil society organisation~~stakeholders;

Amendment 212 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 8 a (new)

8a. Recalls that, according to the sixth assessment report of the IPCC, indigenous, local and traditional forms of knowledge are a major resource for the sustainable management of natural resources, the conservation of biodiversity and adaptation to climate change; stresses the need to strengthen their community rights on land and resources in order to mitigate climate change, as set out in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and ILO Convention 169, and to comply with the principle of free, prior and informed consent; calls on the Parties to ensure that commitments made at COP28 to implement the Paris Agreement align with existing international human rights obligations and standards;

Amendment 213 #

Paragraph 8 a (new)

8a. Strongly deplores the numerous cases of censorship, intimidation, harassment and surveillance of members of civil society organisations, as well as the wave of arrests, that took place around COP27 in Egypt; recalls its previous positions on the human rights situation in the United Arab Emirates; reiterates its call upon the UNFCCC Secretariat to develop human rights criteria that countries hosting future COPs must commit to meeting as part of the host agreement, and urges the Commission and the Member States to take the lead in this process;

Amendment 214 #

Delara BURKHARDT

Paragraph 8 a (new)

8a. Deplores the harassment, intimidation, surveillance and reprisals of civil society, human rights defenders and environmental activists by Egyptian authorities in the run-up to and during the 2022 COP27 in Egypt; calls on the UNFCCC Secretariat to develop human rights criteria that countries hosting future COPs must commit to meeting as part of the host agreement;

Amendment 215 #

Paragraph 8 b (new)

8b. Strongly deplores that the United Arab Emirates has named the head of the state oil company ADNOC Group, Sultan Al Jaber, as the Chair of COP28, and a dozen employees of the COP28 team have direct links with the fossil fuel industry; is alarmed by reports showing that ADNOC employees have been able to read emails to and from the COP28 climate summit office and were consulted on how to respond to media inquiry; urges Member States and the Commission to advocate for the United Arab Emirates to withdraw the appointment of Sultan Al Jaber as President-designate of COP28 and for the UNFCCC to ensure that no future COP President and staff can have direct or indirect financial ties to the fossil fuel industry;

Amendment 216 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 8 b (new)

8b. Stresses the imperative to protect the dignity, privacy and security of all participants; calls for strong measures by the UNFCCC and host countries to protect delegates and participants from harassment and intimidation at COP28 and future COPs; calls for host country agreements to be made publicly available for transparency reasons to ensure that there are measures to protect delegates from all forms of harassment;

Amendment 217 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 8 c (new)

8c. Considers it vital that Global South voices, including governments and civil society, are not side-lined and have meaningful opportunities to participate fully and influence; considers it essential that perspectives of countries most suffering from climate change must be heard and acted upon;

Amendment 218 #

Paragraph 9

~~9. Calls for the UNFCCC decision- making process to be protected from interests that run counter to the goals of the Paris Agreement;~~deleted

Amendment 219 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9

9. Calls for the UNFCCC decision- making process to be protected from interests that run counter to the goals of the Paris Agreement; strongly endorses the idea that all companies participating in COPs be required to submit an audited corporate political influencing statement to the UNFCCC secretariat, made public on the UNFCCC website; considers that this statement should disclose all climate- related lobbying, campaign contributions, and funding of trade associations and organisations active on energy and climate issues; considers that these statements should be reviewed, publicly disclosed, and scrutinized prior to any engagement in UNFCCC climate policymaking processes;

Amendment 22 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 20 a (new)

— having regard to the Report of the Midterm Review of the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, UNDRR 2023;

Amendment 220 #

Paragraph 9

9. Calls for the UNFCCC decision- making process to be protected from interests that run counter to the goals of the Paris Agreement; urges the UNFCCC to take the lead in proposing an ambitious Accountability Framework that would protect the UNFCCC work from undue influence of the fossil fuel industry and other big polluters, on the model of what the WHO FCTC adopted with regards to the tobacco industry;

Amendment 221 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 9

9. Calls for the UNFCCC and the Parties to ensure that the decision- making process ~~to be~~is protected from interests that run counter to the goals of the Paris Agreement and to ensure that fossil fuel companies shall not exert any undue and improper influence over public officials and the UNFCCC public decision-making process that may compromise the goals of the Paris agreement;

Amendment 222 #

Paragraph 9

9. ~~Calls for the UNFCCC decision- making process to be protected from interests that run counter to the goals of the Paris Agreement;~~deleted

Amendment 223 #

Paragraph 9

9. Calls for the UNFCCC decision- making process to be protected from interests that run counter to the goals of the Paris Agreement, particularly ones regarding the fossil fuel industry;

Amendment 224 #

Paragraph 9

9. Calls for the UNFCCC decision- making process to be protected from interests that run counter to the goals of the Paris Agreement, particularly ones regarding the fossil fuel industry;

Amendment 225 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 9 a (new)

9a. Recognises that measures against conflict of interests also need to be strengthened within the Union institutions to ensure that the Union decision making process is protected from interests that run counter the goals of the Paris Agreement; calls on the Bureau and the Conference of Presidents of the European Parliament to adopt further measures to restrict access to the European Parliament to organisations representing interests that run counter the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 226 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9 a (new)

9a. Stresses the need for additional measures to establish a robust accountability framework to protect against undue influence of corporate actors with proven vested interests that contradict the goals of the Paris Agreement; stresses that such reforms would bring much-needed transparency to corporate climate-related political influencing activities and would help restore faith in the COP process;

Amendment 227 #

Paragraph 9 a (new)

9a. Underlines the importance of increased transparency, which should be required from all stakeholders participating in upcoming negotiations, specifically in the context of interests which are in contrast to the achievement of the Paris Agreement objectives;

Amendment 228 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9 b (new)

9b. Considers that as a prerequisite for meaningful action at the UNFCCC, the decision-making process must be made free from fossil fuel interests; expresses concern at the fact that at COP27, more than 630 fossil fuel lobbyists were accredited attendees, constituting an increase of more than 25% over the previous year; Points to how the fossil fuel sector has poured $160 billion into exploration for new fossil reserves since 2020, despite the IEA clearly stating that no new fossil fuel projects are compatible with limiting warming to 1.5°C; underlines that the global oil and gas industry is reaching record profits, with $4 trillion in 2022;

Amendment 229 #

Paragraph 9 b (new)

9b. Underlines that effective access to justice in environmental matters, in line with the Aarhus Convention, is critical to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement; believes that the European Union and Member States should lead by example and to abide by the findings and recommendations of the Compliance Committee of the Convention;

Amendment 23 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 23 a (new)

— having regard to the UN Environment Programme report of 18 February 2021 entitled ‘Making Peace with Nature: a scientific blueprint to tackle the climate, biodiversity and pollution emergencies’;

Amendment 230 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9 c (new)

9c. expresses concern regarding the appointment of Sultan Al Jaber, the executive of one of the world’s largest oil corporations (ADNOC), to preside over the climate negotiations at COP28; considers that there is a serious conflict of interest between his fiduciary duty as director of an oil company and his responsibility as president of COP28 to facilitate international efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions; is concerned that this appointment could damage the credibility of the COP process and of its outcome; calls for the replacement of the incumbent president of COP28 by a suitable candidate, free of conflicts of interests;

Amendment 231 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9 d (new)

9d. calls for the UAE presidency to be entirely disassociated from the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (Adnoc);

Amendment 232 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9 e (new)

9e. Highlights that the UAE is currently undertaking one of the largest expansions of oil and gas extraction in the world and planning for a significant increase in fossil fuel production and consumption, which is inconsistent with a 1.5°C scenario; notes that the UAE has set a net zero target for 2050 and a new NDC of 31% emissions reduction target below business as usual scenario in 2030, yet its policy actions are highly insufficient to reach these objectives; acknowledges that the UAE intends to become the first Middle Eastern and Gulf country to reach net zero, though stresses that the UAE’s net zero target lacks information on scope and transparency; considers the UAE’s Energy Strategy 2050 to be totally out of line its net-zero commitment; urges the UAE to submit a long-term strategy to the UNFCCC, as foreseen in the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 233 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9 f (new)

9f. Reiterates its strong support for the call by UN experts for the UNFCCC Secretariat to develop human rights criteria that countries hosting future COPs must commit to meeting as part of the host agreement;

Amendment 234 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 9 g (new)

9g. Stresses the importance of the whole-of-society and people-focused approach of the European Green Deal, and thus stresses the imperative to deliver on all of its promised actions; believes that the European Green Deal as a whole must be implemented in order to effectively overcome the challenges the EU is facing; calls on the Commission to deliver on all elements of the European Green Deal without delay;

Amendment 235 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Subheading 5

An ambitious EU climate policy without trade-offs for biodiversity and water security;

Amendment 236 #

Paragraph 10

10. ~~Stresses that the current geopolitical situation highlights the urgency of cutting dependence on fossil fuels and the~~Underlines that all efforts need to be made to step up the global deployment of renewable energy in strategically planned manner, making it accessible to all citizens, while phasing out fossil fuels and rolling out new carbon-free technologies; stresses that the current geopolitical situation highlights the urgency to act in this regard; supports the intention to adopt a first global target for renewable energy; underlines, in this regard, that such target needs to ~~boost the deployment of renewable~~pay necessary respect to existing environmental constraints;

Amendment 237 #

Paragraph 10

10. Stresses that the current geopolitical situation highlights the urgency of ~~cutt~~ending dependence on fossil fuels and the need to boost the deployment of renewables; calls on the Commission and the Member States to adopt specific, science-based and binding dates for the phase-out of fossil fuels consumption within the Union; recalls that phasing out the use of fossil fuels would strengthen the Union's energy security by cutting its dependence on third countries;

Amendment 238 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 10

10. Stresses that the current geopolitical situation highlights the urgency of cutting dependence on fossil fuels and the need to boost the deployment of renewables; underlines that increased renewable energy sources will help the EU transition towards a prosperous, sustainable, climate-compatible and independent economy; urges all actors to accelerate the energy transition;

Amendment 239 #

Paragraph 10

10. Stresses that the current geopolitical situation highlights the urgency of cutting dependence on fossil fuels ~~and the need to boost the deployment of renewables~~on the demand side and not on the production side and the need to boost the deployment of low-CO2 energy sources, and that ensuring the availability of sufficient, clean energy is one of the greatest challenges for the EU;

Amendment 24 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 23 b (new)

— having regard to its resolution of September 2020 on the European Year of Greener Cities 2022;

Amendment 240 #

Paragraph 10

10. Stresses that the current geopolitical situation highlights the urgency of cutting dependence on fossil fuels and the need to boost the deployment of renewables with due regard being paid to environmental, social and human rights implications of such deployment;

Amendment 241 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 10

10. Stresses that the current geopolitical situation highlights the urgency of cutting dependence on fossil fuels and the need to boost the deployment of renewables and low-carbon forms of energy;

Amendment 242 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 10 a (new)

10a. Points to how both the European Commission and the European Parliament want the EU and EU Member States to leave the Energy Charter Treaty (ECT), notably because of its potential to obstruct the transition to renewable energy and its regulatory chill effect; commends the Member States that have already announced their exit from the Treaty; regrets that a number of EU Member States are still blocking the EU’s withdrawal and calls on them to reconsider their position; points to the benefits of a coordinated EU-level withdrawal in neutralising the ‘sunset clause’, which could otherwise see lawsuits for another 20 years after a Party has left the ECT;

Amendment 243 #

Paragraph 10 a (new)

10a. Calls on all Parties to acknowledge and scale-up efforts to support innovation and deployment of geothermal energy, specifically with view to its reliability and sustainability, including by providing financial de-risking measures, by helping to ensure that skills and capabilities match an energy system that integrates a high share of renewables and by prioritising policies and measures to promote the direct use of geothermal;

Amendment 244 #

Paragraph 10 a (new)

10a. Highlights that additional efforts to increase the Union ambition beyond reaching -55% reduction in net GHG emissions by 2030 would considerably decrease the Union’s cumulative emissions until 2050, and thus increase the fairness of the Union’s contribution to global mitigation;

Amendment 245 #

Michal WIEZIK, Frédérique RIES

Paragraph 10 a (new)

10a. Stresses that research indicates that scenarios of increased use of bioenergy with related technologies can exacerbate water crisis1a; Calls for comprehensive assessment of water risks before large-scale deployment of bioenergy and BECCS; _________________ 1a Bin Hu a,b, Yilun Zhang c, Yi Li d, Yanguo Tenge,., Weifeng Yue e,.2020: Can bioenergy carbon capture and storage aggravate global water crisis?

Amendment 246 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 10 b (new)

10b. Recalls that reaching climate neutrality by 2050 is a binding obligation on the Union; calls attention to the European Climate Neutrality Observatory first annual flagship report on the EU's progress to net-zero, which finds that while measures introduced under the European Green Deal are all going in the right direction, they are not sufficient to reach the EU’s climate objectives;1a Points to how progress in most of the 'building blocks' examined is either deemed “too slow” or “far too slow”; underlines, furthermore, the data gaps which need to be filled in order to track progress in achieving the EU’s climate goals and enable a regular revision of existing policies; _________________ 1a European Climate Neutrality Observatory (ECNO) flagship report 'State of EU progress to climate neutrality' 26 June 2023;

Amendment 247 #

Paragraph 10 b (new)

10b. Notes the findings that land-based sinks and bioenergy use are in direct conflict and that we can either aim for high removals from LULUCF and low BECCS or low removals from LULUCF and high BECCS1a, Expresses serious concern over the fact that political agenda strongly favours the BECCS over the strong LULUCF, thus putting at risk synergic adaptation and biodiversity action of resilient ecosystems as land- based sinks; _________________ 1a European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, 2023: Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050

Amendment 248 #

Paragraph 10 b (new)

10b. Stresses the importance of not only increased NDCs but also that all Parties, including the EU and its Member States, align their policies and financial systems to a pathway compatible with the committed ambition; Highlights in this regard the European Court of Auditor’s recent findings1a that there is little indication so far that the EU’s climate ambition for 2030 will translate into sufficient action; _________________ 1a ECA Special Report 28/2023, EU climate and energy targets: 2020 targets achieved, but little indication that actions to reach the 2030 targets will be sufficient.

Amendment 249 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN

Paragraph 10 b (new)

10b. Regrets that according to the International Renewable Energy Agency, renewable energy investment remains concentrated in a limited number of countries and focused on only a few technologies; calls on the EU and Member States to instigate the systemic and structural overhaul required to promote a more resilient, inclusive and climate-safe global energy system based on renewable energy;

Amendment 25 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 23 c (new)

— having regard to the co-sponsored IPBES-IPCC workshop report on biodiversity and climate change of 10 June 2021;

Amendment 250 #

Draft motion for a resolution
Paragraph 10 c (new)

10c. Stresses that the IPCC underlined that balanced diets, featuring plant-based foods, such as those based on coarse grains, legumes, fruits and vegetables, nuts and seeds, and animal-sourced food produced in resilient, sustainable and low-GHG emission systems, present major opportunities for adaptation and mitigation while generating significant co-benefits in terms of human health; underlines that the IPCC concluded that by 2050, dietary changes could free several million km2 of land and provide a technical mitigation potential of 0.7 to 8.0 GtCO2eq yr-1, relative to business-as- usual projections1a; _________________ 1a IPCC, 2019: Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change and Land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems

Amendment 251 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD

Paragraph 10 c (new)

10c. Calls for a change in the course of prioritisation of enabling actions in the adaptation and mitigation action, so that ecosystem restoration be at the forefront in order to address jointly the climate, biodiversity and water crises;

Amendment 252 #

Paragraph 11

11. Calls for Union-wide post-2030 intermediate climate targets to be set, in accordance with the European Climate Law~~, and for~~; calls on the Commission to make a proposal for such targets at the beginning of 2024, as required by the Climate Law and to follow the scientific advice of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change when making its proposal; furthermore calls on the Commission to keep the EU legislation up to date and to prepare the corresponding legislative proposals to contribute to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 253 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 11

11. Calls for Union-wide post-2030 intermediate climate targets to be set, in accordance with the European Climate Law, and for the corresponding legislative proposals to contribute to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement; takes note of the work of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change and its recommendation that the EU boost its emission reductions of 90-95% by 2040 relative to 1990, grounded on a science- based assessment addressing both fairness and feasibility;

Amendment 254 #

Paragraph 11

11. Calls for Union-wide post-2030 intermediate climate targets to be set, in accordance with the European Climate Law and reflecting the advice of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, and based on the COP26 decision regarding common time frames encouraging Parties to communicate in 2025 a nationally determined contribution with an end date of 2035, and for the corresponding legislative proposals to contribute to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 255 #

Paragraph 11

11. Calls for Union-wide post-2030 intermediate climate targets to be set, in accordance with the European Climate Law~~, and for the corresponding legislative proposals to contribute to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement~~;

Amendment 256 #

Paragraph 11

11. Calls for Union-wide post-2030 intermediate climate targets to be set, in accordance with the Article 4(3) of the European Climate Law, and for the corresponding legislative proposals to contribute to achieving the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 257 #

Paragraph 11

Amendment 258 #

Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Welcomes the conclusion of the Fit for 55 legislative package, which delivers the measures to achieve and exceed the EU’s 2030 target and to put the EU and its Member States on a path to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 at the latest; stresses that the Fit for 55 package makes the EU a global leader in delivering concrete measures towards the achievement of the goals of the Paris Agreement; urges other parties to the UNFCCC to match this ambition and also turn commitments into concrete measures;

Amendment 259 #

Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Highlights the EU´s recently adopted “Fit for 55” legislation implementing the 2030 target of the European Climate Law, and the fact that this legislation will reduce the EU’s emissions by more than the EU´s current NDC of a 55 % reduction in net emissions, to reach 57 % reduction in net emissions; calls for the EU to update its official emissions pledge accordingly to reflect this increase in advance of COP28, and in light of the decision in the Glasgow Climate Pact to revisit the 2030 targets;

Amendment 26 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Citation 24 a (new)

— having regard to its resolution of 16 September 2020 on the EU´s role in protecting and restoring the world´s forests;

Amendment 260 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Emphasises that all climate policies should be pursued in line with the principle of a just transition towards climate neutrality and in close cooperation with civil society and social partners; considers, therefore, that more transparency, stronger social partnerships and civil society engagement at local, regional, national and EU level are fundamental to achieving climate neutrality across all sectors of society in a fair, inclusive and socially sustainable manner;

Amendment 261 #

Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Calls on the Member States and the Commission to ensure that the National Energy and Climate Plans and Long-Term Strategies of the Member States include sufficient action and financial means to achieve the 2030 EU targets and provide transparency on the performance of the Member States and the EU as a whole on climate and energy action, in line with the recommendations of the European Court of Auditors;

Amendment 262 #

Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Welcomes the advice of the EU Advisory Board on Climate Change on the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030-2050, which recommends limiting the Union total cumulative GHG emissions for the period 2030-2050 to maximum 11-14 Gt CO2e and reducing the EU net GHG emissions by up to -95% by 2040 compared to 1990 levels;

Amendment 263 #

Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Calls for increased coordination to respond to misinformation and disinformation campaigns aiming to discredit climate action and for adequate resources to raise awareness, build capacity and engage local communities with climate action;

Amendment 264 #

Paragraph 11 a (new)

Amendment 265 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 11 a (new)

11a. Welcomes the adoption of key pieces of legislation for delivery on the EU’s 2030 climate targets; calls on all relevant actors to swiftly implement their provisions;

Amendment 266 #

Paragraph 11 b (new)

11b. Welcomes the conclusion of the Fit for 55 legislative package, which delivers the measures to achieve and exceed the EU’s 2030 target and to put the EU and its Member States on a path to achieve climate neutrality by 2050 at the latest; stresses that the Fit for 55 package makes the EU a global leader in delivering concrete measures towards the achievement of the goals of the Paris Agreement; urges other parties to the UNFCCC to match this ambition and also turn commitments into concrete measures;

Amendment 267 #

Paragraph 11 b (new)

Amendment 268 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 11 b (new)

11b. Welcomes the scientific-based assessment of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change with regards to the EU 2040 greenhouse gas reduction target, relative to 1990; recalls that the assessment takes into account both feasibility and fairness; urges the European Commission to take this scientific recommendation into account when proposing the EU-wide 2040 climate target and the greenhouse gas budget for 2030-2050;

Amendment 269 #

Paragraph 11 b (new)

11b. Highlights that according to the Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050 of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, no 2040 scenarios can be achieved without a rapid scale-up of the use of hydrogen and bioenergy, especially in the use of primary biomass;

Amendment 27 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 25 a (new)

— having regard to its resolution of 15 June 2023 on a European Day for the victims of the global climate crisis;

Amendment 270 #

Paragraph 11 b (new)

11b. Underlines the need to step up adaptation action within the EU and globally; recalls that in line with the EU Climate Law Member States shall ensure continuous progress in enhancing adaptive capacity, strengthening resilience and reducing vulnerability to climate change in accordance with Article 7 of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 271 #

Paragraph 11 b (new)

11b. Stresses that the Union has already exhausted its fair share of the global GHG budget in line with limiting global warming to 1.5°C when the principle of equity enshrined in the Paris Agreement is applied, and that the Union and its Member States should therefore take additional measures to account for this shortfall;

Amendment 272 #

Paragraph 11 c (new)

11c. Calls on the Commission, when preparing a proposal on the Union 2040 climate target, to take into account all considerations required in accordance with Article 4(5) of the European Climate Law in a balanced manner, which includes both the report on the ‘Scientific advice for the determination of an EU- wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050’ of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, as well as the social, economic and environmental impacts, the need to ensure a just and socially fair transition for all, the cost-effectiveness and economic efficiency, and the competiveness of the Union’s economy, in particular small and medium-sized enterprises and sectors most exposed to carbon leakage;

Amendment 273 #

Paragraph 11 c (new)

Amendment 274 #

Paragraph 11 c (new)

11c. Highlights that the EU’s commitment to being a global leader in the transition towards climate neutrality implies that it should compare well to other industrialised countries in terms of including all greenhouse gas emissions in its reporting, including those of imported goods and from international aviation and shipping; supports in this regard the European Court of Auditor’s recommendation for the EU to account for all greenhouse gas emissions caused by the EU1a, which is a net importer of goods from the rest of the world; _________________ 1a ECA Special report 18/2023, EU climate and energy targets: 2020 targets achieved, but little indication that actions to reach the 2030 targets will be sufficient.

Amendment 275 #

Paragraph 11 c (new)

11c. Highlights that both according to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050 of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, all policy scenario’s aligned with the Paris Agreement require both land- based and technological carbon removals at scale;

Amendment 276 #

Paragraph 11 c (new)

11c. Reiterates its call on the Commission to prepare a comprehensive EU-wide climate risk assessment to address the resilience and preparedness to climate change in Europe; also reiterates its call on the Commission to propose a comprehensive, ambitious and legally binding European Climate Adaptation framework, with the appropriate legislative tools, with special emphasis on the most vulnerable regions;

Amendment 277 #

Paragraph 11 d (new)

11d. Notes that according to the Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050 of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, an emission reduction target directly derived from the feasibility risks and challenges would lie between 88% and 92%; notes, however, that the report acknowledges that the socio-economic dimension of feasibility has not been taken into account in this assessment not included in this assessment;

Amendment 278 #

Paragraph 11 d (new)

Amendment 279 #

Paragraph 11 d (new)

11d. Reiterates the need to mainstream climate ambition into all EU policies and the measures transposing them, and underlines that Article 6(4) of the European Climate Law obliges the Commission to assess the consistency of any draft measure or legislative proposal, including budgetary proposals, with the EU’s climate targets; urges the Commission to fully implement this provision in the way it conducts impact assessments on all EU policy areas;

Amendment 28 #

Citation 25 a (new)

— having regard the adoption of the Climate Change and Defence Roadmap of 09 November 2020;

Amendment 280 #

Paragraph 11 d (new)

11d. Reiterates its call for science-based binding EU-wide targets for the reduction of the Union's material and environmental footprints;

Amendment 281 #

Paragraph 11 e (new)

11e. Notes that according to the Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050 of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, any target above 90% is only possible on the condition that the existing challenges of deploying and scaling-up renewable energy can be overcome, in particular for hydrogen and solar photovoltaic technologies; stresses that this will require significantly lowering the administrative burden for developing net-zero manufacturing projects, including by streamlining administrative requirements in all areas, and facilitating permitting, which underlines the importance of a swift and ambitious conclusion of the Net-Zero Industry Act which should facilitate and streamline and not add to existing administrative burden;

Amendment 282 #

Paragraph 11 e (new)

Amendment 283 #

Lídia PEREIRA, Agnès EVREN

Paragraph 11 e (new)

11e. Urges Member States to take all the necessary measures to ensure the protection of people displaced in the context of climate change under EU law;

Amendment 284 #

Paragraph 11 f (new)

11f. Highlights that according to the Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050 of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, no 2040 scenarios can be achieved without a rapid scale-up of the use of hydrogen and bioenergy, especially in the use of primary biomass;

Amendment 285 #

Paragraph 11 f (new)

Amendment 286 #

Paragraph 11 g (new)

11g. Highlights that both according to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050 of the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, all policy scenario’s aligned with the Paris Agreement require both land- based and technological carbon removals at scale;

Amendment 287 #

Paragraph 11 g (new)

Amendment 288 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 12

12. Highlights the fact that the EU and its Member States are the largest providers of public climate finance; recognises the importance of climate finance for successful climate actions, particularly as many developing countries have conditional NDCs, the achievement of which depends on sufficient financial support; welcomes, therefore, that by 2025, a new collective quantified goal on climate finance will be set which should go well beyond the 2020 USD 100 billion annual goal and take into account the needs and priorities of developing countries for additional and adequate climate finance; is of the view that stand- alone targets for mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage should be explored as part of this new collective quantified goal on climate finance; underlines that future climate finance goals should take account of the needs of developing countries, as well as the Paris Agreement’s equity principle, in determining Parties’ contributions; stresses, in this regard, the need to clearly prioritise grants-based climate finance to ensure that climate finance does not contribute to unsustainable debt levels in developing countries; reiterates its call for a dedicated EU public finance mechanism that provides additional and adequate support towards delivering the EU’s fair share of international climate finance goals;

Amendment 289 #

Paragraph 12

12. Highlights the fact that the EU and its Member States are the largest providers of public climate finance and underlines the need for continued and increased contributions; in this respect, reiterates its call for a dedicated EU public finance mechanism that provides additional and adequate support towards delivering the EU’s fair share of international climate finance goals; recognises the importance of climate finance from a variety of sources for successful global climate action, particularly as many developing countries have conditional NDCs, the achievement of which depends on sufficient financial support;

Amendment 29 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Citation 27 a (new)

— having regard to its resolution of 13 June 2023 on a European Day for the victims of the global climate crisis;

Amendment 290 #

Paragraph 12

12. ~~Highlight~~Notes the fact that the EU and its Member States are the largest providers of public climate finance, while expressing its deep concern that public climate finance provided by the EU and its Member States has decreased in 2022 compared to 2021; stresses that the collective failure of developed countries to deliver on their climate finance commitment is hindering progress on other agenda items, as witnessed during the UNFCCC Bonn climate talks of June 2023;

Amendment 291 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 12 a (new)

12a. Stresses the need for the UNFCCC to have steady and predictable funding in order to deliver on its mandated activities; notes that at the Bonn pre-COP the UNFCCC did not receive a budget for 2024-2025 commensurate with its estimated needs; stresses that relying on voluntary funding in the form of extra ad- hoc contributions leaves the UNFCCC susceptible to politicization from bigger and wealthier countries that can wield more power; stresses that as the climate crisis worsens, the UNFCCC will become increasingly important and will need the commensurate budget to fulfil its mandate;

Amendment 292 #

Paragraph 12 a (new)

12a. Highlights the importance of facilitating access to climate finance to local and regional authorities and supporting capacity building and targeted training on the use of such funds in order to provide tailored solutions to the unique challenges faced in their respective territories;

Amendment 293 #

Paragraph 12 a (new)

Amendment 294 #

Paragraph 12 b (new)

12b. Highlights that significant financial resources are needed to implement the goals of the Paris Agreement in developing countries and that the Glasgow Climate Pact urges developed country Parties to urgently and significantly scale up their provision of climate finance; reiterates that in its conclusions on the Preparations for the 27th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 27), the Council renewed the commitment made by the Union and its Member States to continue scaling up their international climate finance towards the developed countries' goal of mobilising at least USD 100 billion per year as soon as possible and through to 2025 from a wide variety of sources, and insists this goal should be met in 2023; stresses that when determining the use of revenues generated from the auctioning of the EU ETS allowances, Member States shall take into account the need to continue scaling up international climate finance in vulnerable third countries in accordance with the recently adopted agreement on the EU ETS revision;

Amendment 295 #

Paragraph 12 b (new)

Amendment 296 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 12 b (new)

12b. Calls for the post-2025 target for climate finance to ensure that the needs of the most vulnerable countries are met, in particular by increasing resources for dedicated and quantitative sub-goals, including a sub-goal for adaptation finance, in line with Article 9.4 of the Paris Agreement, a sub-goal for mitigation finance, including ecosystem- based measures, a sub-goal for loss and damage finance and grants-based finance, and qualitative goals, such as meaningful, inclusive and participatory adaptation planning and implementation, and removal of barriers to accessing available finance; believes that future finance goals should take account of the needs of developing countries, as well as the Paris Agreement’s equity principle, in determining EU contributions; recognises the importance of scaling up the mobilisation of resources to support efforts to avert, minimise and address loss and damage associated with the adverse effects of climate change in particularly vulnerable countries;

Amendment 297 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 13

13. Is concerned about the growing gap between the needs of developing country Parties and the current scale, sufficiency and accessibility of climate finance; points to the growing finance gap, particularly for adaptation; stresses that financing from the developed countries responsible for a large share of historical emissions will also be crucial to build trust for a more ambitious dialogue on climate mitigation targets;

Amendment 298 #

Paragraph 13

13. Is concerned about the growing gap between the needs of developing country Parties and the current scale, sufficiency and accessibility of climate finance; underlines that it will be impossible to close this gap without significant mobilisation of private finance, in addition to public finance;

Amendment 299 #

Paragraph 13 a (new)

13a. Stresses that Parties should aim to achieve a balance between mitigation and adaptation finance, and highlights that a commitment was made at COP26 to double collective adaptation finance by 2025 based on 2019 levels;

Amendment 3 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 9 b (new)

— having regard to the UN Environment Programme report of 6 May 2021 entitled ‘Global Methane Assessment: Benefits and Costs of Mitigating Methane Emissions’;

Amendment 30 #

Citation 29 a (new)

— having regard to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the governance of the energy union and climate action;

Amendment 300 #

Paragraph 14

Amendment 301 #

Paragraph 14

14. Calls for developed country Parties, including the EU and its Member States, to ensure that the USD 100 billion climate finance goal can be met and disbursed on average between 2020 and 2025, and to further detail the way forward for the new post-2025 climate finance goal which should go well beyond the 2020 USD 100 billion annual goal, prioritise grants, and take into account the needs and priorities of developing countries for additional and adequate climate finance; recalls its view that stand-alone targets for mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage should be explored as part of this new collective quantified goal on climate finance;

Amendment 302 #

Paragraph 14

14. Calls for developed country Parties, including the EU and its Member States, to ensure that the USD 100 billion climate finance goal can be met and disbursed on average between 2020 and 2025, and to further detail the way forward for the new post-2025 climate finance goal which should encompass both mitigation and adaptation actions; believes that the responsibility to deliver the new goal will need to encompass a broad donor base that includes both developed countries and other countries that are in a position to do so, as well as innovative sources of finance and private finance;

Amendment 303 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 14

14. Calls for developed country Parties, including the EU and its Member States, to ensure that the USD 100 billion climate finance goal can be met and disbursed on average between 2020 and 2025, and to further detail the way forward for the new post-2025 climate finance goal; regrets that the 100 billion goal was still not met in 2022; stresses that the failure to deliver the climate finance commitment of $100 billion per year by 2020 made by developed countries at successive COPs has eroded trust;

Amendment 304 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 14

14. Notes that not all developed country Parties have fulfilled their part of the USD 100 billion climate finance goal; Calls for developed country Parties, including the EU and its Member States, to ensure that the USD 100 billion climate finance goal can be met and disbursed on average between 2020 and 2025, and to further detail the way forward for the new post-2025 climate finance goal;

Amendment 305 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 15

15. Considers it essential to advance the Bridgetown Agenda and to make the international financial system fit for the 21st century; calls for major international financial institutions to swiftly adopt and develop green finance; highlights the role of the European Investment Bank (EIB) as the EU’s climate bank and its Climate Bank Roadmap and updated Energy Lending Policy and the additional efforts of the European Investment Fund (EIF) to spearhead climate investments; welcomes the fact that the European Central Bank has committed to integrating climate change considerations into its monetary policy framework; urges multilateral development banks, including the EIB, and development finance institutions, which typically provide financial support in the form of debt- generating instruments, to implement responsible lending and borrowing principles, and to align their portfolios with the Paris Agreement and gather and use high-quality climate risk, vulnerability and impacts data to guide the direction of investments towards 1.5° C aligned investments;

Amendment 306 #

Paragraph 15

15. Considers it essential to advance the Bridgetown Agenda and to make the international financial system fit for the 21st century; calls for major international financial institutions to swiftly adopt and develop green finance, to phase out all direct and indirect support to fossil fuels, and to reform their governance so as to ensure more democratic structure and more balanced participation of and monitoring by civil society organisations and directly affected populations; calls also for an ambitious reform of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, including explicitly integrating tackling climate change and preserving nature and biodiversity in the mission of those two institutions;

Amendment 307 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 15

15. Considers it essential to advance the Bridgetown Agenda and to make the international financial system fit for the 21st century; calls for all major international financial institutions to swiftly adopt and develop green finance in line with a 1.5 scenario; acknowledges the Summit for a New Global Financing Pact organised by President Macron and Prime Minister Mottley, which had to aim to address key issues, including reform of multilateral development banks with the goal of "addressing the climate change and the global crisis"; calls for further international efforts to advance the Bridgetown agenda without delay to ensure appropriate access to climate finance for developing countries;

Amendment 308 #

Paragraph 15

15. CRecalls the conclusions of COP27 that delivering the necessary funding for the climate transition will require a transformation of the financial system and its structures and processes, engaging governments, central banks, commercial banks, institutional investors and other financial actors; considers it essential to advance the Bridgetown Agenda and to make the international financial system fit for the challenges of the 21st century; calls ~~for~~on all the major international financial institutions ~~to swiftly adop~~and multilateral development ban~~d develop green finance;~~ ks to align their portfolios and lending policies with the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 309 #

Paragraph 15

15. Considers it essential to advance the Bridgetown Agenda and to make the international financial system fit for the 21st century; calls for major international financial institutions to swiftly adopt and develop green finance, with a view to ensure streamlined access to funding without unnecessary bureaucratic hurdles;

Amendment 31 #

Citation 29 b (new)

— having regard to the Commission proposal of 15 December 2021 for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on methane emissions reduction in the energy sector and amending Regulation (EU) 2019/942;

Amendment 310 #

Paragraph 15

15. Considers it essential to advance the Bridgetown Agenda and to make the international financial system fit for the 21st century; calls for major international financial institutions to swiftly adopt and develop green finance, with a view to ensure streamlined access to funding without unnecessary bureaucratic hurdles;

Amendment 311 #

Paragraph 15

15. Considers it essential to advance the Bridgetown Agenda and to make the international financial system fit for the 21st century; calls for major international financial institutions to swiftly adopt and develop green finance, with a view to ensure streamlined access to funding without unnecessary bureaucratic hurdles;

Amendment 312 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 15 a (new)

15a. Stresses that according to the FAO, animal agricultures contributes 14.5% of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions;1a Highlights that since 2010, the World Bank and other Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) have invested over $4.6 billion of public money to help expand large-scale livestock production; underlines that none of the world's leading MDBs currently require that industrial livestock sector borrowers provide a comprehensive (Scope 1-3) emissions reporting or commit to GHG reduction targets; believes that MDBs should shift their agricultural investments towards climate-friendly agroecological farming systems that support food sovereignty and food security, and should aim to end their investments in intensive, polluting and high-emitting industrial livestock operations; _________________ 1a https://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/19 7623/icode/

Amendment 313 #

Paragraph 15 a (new)

15a. Welcomes the summit for a new global financing pact hosted by France on 22-23 June 2023 and urges all governments and relevant institutions to take concrete actions to deliver the engagements taken at the summit, and to implement the roadmap that it identified, for updating the international financial system to address the combined challenges of development and climate change;

Amendment 314 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 15 b (new)

15b. Underscores that the debt crisis undermines climate action in developing countries, particularly by way of high borrowing costs and debt service payments; stresses that the World Bank estimates that 61 developing countries face debt distress;1a considers it necessary to have solutions that tackle the climate and debt crises together, such as natural disaster clauses in sovereign-bond contracts with private investors or public lenders, leading to an automatic suspension of debt repayments for two years in the event of an environmental catastrophe, such as floods, hurricanes or pandemics; underscores the need to explore the use debt relief; _________________ 1a https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press -release/2022/12/06/debt-service- payments-put-biggest-squeeze-on-poor- countries-since-2000

Amendment 315 #

Paragraph 15 b (new)

15b. Recalls the role of the European Investment Bank (EIB) as the EU’s climate bank and its Climate Bank Roadmap and updated Energy Lending Policy as well as the additional efforts of the European Investment Fund (EIF) to spearhead climate investments; welcomes the fact that the European Central Bank has committed to integrating climate change considerations into its monetary policy framework;

Amendment 316 #

Paragraph 15 c (new)

15c. Reiterates its supports the work of the Coalition of Finance Ministers for Climate Action and encourages all governments to adopt the coalition’s commitments to align all policies and practices in the remit of finance ministries with the goals of the Paris Agreement and to adopt effective carbon pricing, as laid down in the Helsinki Principles;

Amendment 317 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 15 c (new)

15c. Recalls how debt can hamper reconstruction efforts in the wake of natural disasters; points for example to how Pakistan in the wake of the 2022 floods saw 50 % of its annual revenue go to foreign creditors;

Amendment 318 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 15 d (new)

15d. Stresses that developing countries are in great fiscal need and require investments to transition their energy systems and undertake effective climate mitigation and adaptation efforts; stresses the potential of using Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) for establishing a trust for low-interest loans for developing countries, which could contribute to providing the necessary climate finance;

Amendment 319 #

Paragraph 16

16. Recalls that all parties must make financial flows compatible with the path towards the 1.5 °C target set out in the Paris Agreement; deplores that fossil fuels subsidies remain stable in the Union, at about €52 billion per year, overwhelmingly originates from Member States’ budgets, and that most EU Member States have no concrete plans on how and by when they will phase out those subsidies, despite their obligation under Article 3(h), point (ii) of Decision (EU) 2022/591;

Amendment 32 #

Citation 31 a (new)

— having regard to the Global Registry of Fossil Fuel Emissions and Reserves1a; __________________ 1a https://fossilfuelregistry.org/

Amendment 320 #

Paragraph 16

16. Recalls that according to the Paris Agreement, all parties must make financial flows – public and private, domestic and international – compatible with the path towards the 1.5 °C target set out in the ~~Paris~~ Agreement; underlines the importance to address this element of the Agreement in a comprehensive way at COP28;

Amendment 321 #

Paragraph 16

16. Recalls that all parties must make financial flows compatible with the path towards the ~~1.5~~2 °C target set out in the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 322 #

Paragraph 16 a (new)

16a. Notes that climate vulnerable countries are in debt distress or at significant risk of debt distress; Emphasises the importance of debt cancellation to give developing countries the fiscal space to pursue climate and development goals; stresses that this should be achieved through an independent debt workout mechanism, and a multilateral initiative to free developing countries from unsustainable debt; Is concerned that climate finance in the form of loans will only hinder any meaningful climate action and therefore calls for grant-based financing to be prioritised, especially to LDCs;

Amendment 323 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 16 a (new)

16a. Highlights the importance of increasing grants-based finance, especially for adaptation, and that climate finance provided in the form of loans can exacerbate debt distress of developing countries; notes that 50% of the EU’s total climate finance in 2020 was provided in the form of grants and urges the EU and all Member States to increase grants based finance, particularly for adaptation and especially for least developed countries and small island developing states;

Amendment 324 #

Paragraph 16 a (new)

16a. Notes1a that until now the economic players have been able to absorb the financial implications of water-stranding events and expresses concerns over the future risks; Calls for financial institutions to engage, identify, assess, manage, and disclose water risks across portfolios and loan books to avoid the worst consequences of the water crisis and contribute to actively inhibiting it; _________________ 1a CDP and Planet Tracker, 2022: High and Dry. How water issues are stranding assets. Report available at https://www.cdp.net/en/research/global- reports/high-and-dry-how-water-issues- are-stranding-assets

Amendment 325 #

Paragraph 16 b (new)

16b. Calls on the Parties to engage in discussions and undertake the necessary measures to alleviate the debt burden of developing countries, inter alia through debt renegotiation and restructuring and debt-for-climate swaps to foster resilience;

Amendment 326 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 17

17. Reiterates the need to urgently end fossil fuel subsidies and other environmentally harmful subsidies in the EU and worldwide; regrets that fossil energy subsidies in the Union have remained stable since 2008 totalling around EUR 55-58 billion per year, corresponding to around one third of all energy subsidies in the Union, and that currently 15 Member States subsidise fossil fuels more than renewable energy; believes that fossil fuel subsidies undermine the goals of the European Green Deal and the obligations of the Paris Agreement; believes that it is critical to provide more consistent price signals across energy sectors and the Member States, and to avoid external costs from being internalised; calls on the Member States and the other Parties to COP28 to prioritise investments in green energy and infrastructure and to phase out direct and indirect fossil fuel subsidies;

Amendment 327 #

Paragraph 17

17. Reiterates the need to urgently end fossil fuel subsidies and other environmentally harmful subsidies in the EU and worldwide; is concerned by the fact that some EU Member States have no concrete plans on how and by when they will phase out these subsidies; recognizes that this lack of commitment might endanger EU credibility internationally. Incentivises all Member States to improve their national reporting of fossil fuel subsidies and plan towards their phase out in their upcoming National Energy and Climate Plan revision;

Amendment 328 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 17

Amendment 329 #

Paragraph 17

17. Reiterates the need to urgently end fossil fuel subsidies and other environmentally harmful subsidies in the EU ~~and worldwide;~~ , on both Union´s and Member States´ levels, and worldwide; reminds that provision of harmful subsidies and their continuation prevent the Parties from timely meeting of the agreed climatic and other environmental goals; calls therefore on the Member States to ensure transparent reporting of their fossil fuels subsidies and immediate plans towards their phase out;

Amendment 33 #

Citation 31 a (new)

— having regard to the adoption of the Strategic Compass for Security and Defence on 21 March 2022;

Amendment 330 #

Paragraph 17

17. ~~Reiterates the need to urgently end fossil fuel subsidies and other environmentally harmful subsidies~~Is alarmed by the fact that governments worldwide spent more than €900 billion on fossil fuel subsidies in 2022, the highest figure ever recorded; reiterates the need to urgently end all direct and indirect fossil fuel subsidies as soon as possible and by 2025 at the latest, and other environmentally harmful subsidies as soon as possible and by 2027 at the latest, in the EU and worldwide;

Amendment 331 #

Paragraph 17

17. Reiterates the need to ~~urgent~~eventually end fossil fuel subsidies and other environmentally harmful subsidies in the EU and worldwide, in particular those on the burning of woody biomass, without compromising security of supply, or putting pressure on the affordability of energy, especially for consumers;

Amendment 332 #

Paragraph 17

17. ~~Reiterates the need to urgently end fossil fuel subsidies and other environmentally harmful subsidies in the EU and worldwide;~~deleted

Amendment 333 #

Paragraph 17 a (new)

17a. Calls attention to the Sharm el- Sheikh Dialogues on Article 2.1c of the Paris Agreement as an opportunity to progress discussions on an equitable approach to the phase out of public and private fossil fuel and environmentally harmful finance, realign finance to support a just transition, and make finance more available and affordable for developing countries to undertake climate action, including on debt, tax, and technology transfer, with a view to advancing action on Article 2.1c at COP28 and beyond; calls for a permanent agenda item on the implementation of Article 2.1c of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 334 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 17 a (new)

17a. Stresses that direct fossil fuels subsidies in the EU still amount to some EUR 55-58 billion annually; calls on the Commission and all Member States to implement concrete policies, timelines and measures to phase out all direct and indirect fossil fuel subsidies as soon as possible, and by 2025 at the very latest; encourages other Parties to undertake similar measures and to work on developing a fossil fuel non-proliferation treaty;

Amendment 335 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 17 a (new)

17a. Underlines that to cope with the global challenge posed by climate change, there is a need for greatly increased investment and climate finance flows - both public and private - on a global scale; stresses that this finance must be easily accessible to all countries, especially for LDCs and SIDS, where possible through direct access modalities;

Amendment 336 #

Paragraph 17 a (new)

17a. Highlights the Glasgow Climate Pact commitment to accelerate efforts to phase down unabated coal power and inefficient fossil fuel subsidies; regrets that no progress was made to further strengthen this commitment at COP27 and calls on COP28 to deliver clear results on the phase-down of fossil fuels and on environmentally harmful subsidies;

Amendment 337 #

Paragraph 17 a (new)

17a. considers that the energy transition cannot succeed without a continuous supply of fossil fuels, and that under-investment in this area could lead to higher prices;

Amendment 338 #

Paragraph 17 b (new)

17b. Calls for the introduction of global, EU and national taxes and levies, which contribute to Paris Agreement objectives, including but not restricted to fossil fuel taxation, aviation and maritime taxation, an EU financial transaction tax and wealth taxes, from which a share of revenues should be dedicated to new and additional climate finance, including for the new loss and damage fund; stresses that new taxes should be accompanied by global tax reform in line with tax justice principles, in the form of a UN-led process for a global tax framework, a UN Convention on Tax;

Amendment 339 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 17 b (new)

17b. Welcomes the work of the Coalition of Finance Ministers for Climate Action and encourages all Parties to adopt the coalition’s commitments to align all policies and practices in the remit of finance ministries with the goals of the Paris Agreement and to adopt effective carbon pricing policies, as laid down in the Helsinki Principles;

Amendment 34 #

Citation 32 a (new)

— having regard to the European Court of Auditors Special report 18/2023 of 26 June 2023 entitled "EU climate and energy targets – 2020 targets achieved, but little indication that actions to reach the 2030 targets will be sufficient"1a; __________________ 1a https://www.eca.europa.eu/ECAPublicatio ns/SR-2023-18/SR-2023-18_EN.pdf

Amendment 340 #

Paragraph 17 c (new)

17c. Notes that 93% of climate vulnerable countries are in debt distress or at significant risk of debt distress; emphasises the importance of debt cancellation to give developing countries the fiscal space to pursue climate and development goals, which should be achieved through an independent debt work-out mechanism, and a multilateral initiative to free developing countries from unsustainable debt; highlights that unsustainable level of debts often force countries to rely on climate-harmful activities such as fossil fuel extraction to repay their foreign denominated debt; is concerned that any additional climate finance in the form of loans will only hinder any meaningful climate action;

Amendment 341 #

Paragraph 17 d (new)

17d. Emphasises the importance of urgent channelling of USD $100 billion of unused IMF Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) and allocating an additional USD $2.5 trillion in SDRs to meet urgent financing needs as well as to take several steps to reform the current and proposed systems for rechannelling them; stresses the urgent need to begin a fundamental review process to reform the SDR system, as recommended by the UN Secretary General's High-Level Advisory Board on Effective Multilateralism1a; _________________ 1a https://highleveladvisoryboard.org/breakt hrough/pdf/highleveladvisoryboard_break through_Shift3.pdf

Amendment 342 #

Subheading 7

The climate ~~and~~, biodiversity and water crisis;

Amendment 343 #

Subheading 7

The climate, water and biodiversity crisis;

Amendment 344 #

Subheading 7

The climate, water and biodiversity crisis;

Amendment 345 #

Catherine CHABAUD, Martin HOJSÍK, Frédérique RIES, Max ORVILLE

Subheading 7

The climate, water and biodiversity crisis;

Amendment 346 #

Paragraph 18

18. Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, ecosystems, soils and oceans to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement; reiterates that the strict conservation and restoration of high- carbon ecosystems such as peatlands, wetlands, rangelands, and blue carbon ecosystems such as salt marshes, seagrasses and mangroves offers a wide range of mitigation and adaptation benefits; calls on the Commission to develop the mapping of these ecosystems, to work further on the identification of robust, transparent and science-based methodologies for the proper accounting of carbon removals and emissions from those ecosystems in a manner that does no harm to other biodiversity objectives, as well as on the development of a financial mechanism to incorporate blue carbon into Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs);

Amendment 347 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 18

18. EUnderscores the indivisibility of the climate and biodiversity crises; emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, ecosystems, soils and oceans to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement; firmly believes that the goals of the Paris Agreement cannot be met without restoring nature, including in the Union;

Amendment 348 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 18

18. Recalls that currently 80% of habitats in the EU are in a bad state; Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, ecosystems, soils and oceans to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement; stresses in this regard the need for an EU agreement on the Nature Restoration Law;

Amendment 349 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN

Paragraph 18

18. Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, ecosystems, soils and oceans and to manage natural resources sustainably in order to enhance nature- based climate change mitigation and build resilience, which are necessary to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 35 #

Draft motion for a resolution
Citation 32 a (new)

— having regard to the Commission communication of 11 March 2020 entitled ‘A new Circular Economy Action Plan for a cleaner and more competitive Europe’;

Amendment 350 #

Paragraph 18

18. Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, and protecting and restoring ecosystems, in particular soils, other carbon-rich ecosystems, freshwater ecosystem~~s, soil~~s and oceans to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 351 #

Paragraph 18

18. Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, ecosystems, soils, freshwater bodies and oceans to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 352 #

Paragraph 18

18. Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, ecosystems, soils, freshwater bodies and oceans to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 353 #

Catherine CHABAUD, Martin HOJSÍK, Frédérique RIES, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 18

18. Emphasises the importance of protecting, conserving and restoring biodiversity, ecosystems, forests, soils and oceans to achieve the objectives of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 354 #

Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. Stresses the need to combat on land and marine plastic pollution and welcomes the ongoing work on negotiations towards a global treaty on plastic pollution, which must be consistent with the Paris Agreement, and calls on the UN member states to reach an ambitious and effective agreement by no later than 2024; underlines the necessity to address plastic pollution by reducing waste at its source, cutting down on plastic use and consumption as a priority, and increasing circularity; calls for a systemic approach in order to appropriately address plastic pollution in the environment, including microplastics, and its impact on climate change;

Amendment 355 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. Stresses that the IPCC 6th Assessment Report calls for the implementation of urgent actions for the restoration of degraded ecosystems, to mitigate the impacts of climate change, notably by restoring degraded wetlands and rivers, forests and agricultural ecosystems; notes that the same report underlines that climate change and biodiversity loss are the biggest long term threats to food security in the EU;

Amendment 356 #

Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. Applauds legislative and non- legislative efforts already done by governmental and non-governmental stakeholders in order to use and maximize the potential of soils to mitigate climate change and to ensure water availability; underlines the transboundary impacts of soil degradation that warrant joint international effort to tackle all soil degradation threats;

Amendment 357 #

Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. Highlights that water scarcity is becoming endemic as a result of the local impact of physical water stress, coupled with the acceleration and spreading of freshwater pollution, and that the water quality risks are not limited to low-income countries 1a; _________________ 1a The United Nations World Water Development Report 2023: partnerships and cooperation for water, available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0 000384655

Amendment 358 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. Believes that nature-based solutions (NBSs) and ecosystem-based approaches are key tools supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation as well as protecting and restoring forests, reducing emissions, for disaster-risk reduction and protecting biodiversity;

Amendment 359 #

Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. Highlights the need to address water risks, and ensure the multiple ecosystem services provided by water bodies through water planning and investment in water-related innovation areas including energy and water efficiency, in line with the Water-Smart Society principles;

Amendment 36 #

Citation 32 b (new)

— having regard to the "World Energy Transitions Outlook 2023: 1.5°C Pathway" of the international Renewable Energy Agency1a; __________________ 1a https://mc-cd8320d4-36a1-40ac-83cc- 3389-cdn-endpoint.azureedge.net/- /media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/ 2023/Jun/IRENA_World_energy_transiti ons_outlook_v_1_2023.pdf?rev=b1d4be85 8ad549a9a750921d0f2b5d53

Amendment 360 #

Paragraph 18 a (new)

Amendment 361 #

Paragraph 18 a (new)

Amendment 362 #

Paragraph 18 a (new)

18a. Stresses the need to align responses to the climate and biodiversity crises, and highlights the role of agriculture as the dominant driver of nature loss and degradation;

Amendment 363 #

Paragraph 18 b (new)

18b. Stresses that the world’s land and ocean sinks have absorbed 56% of man- made greenhouse gas emissions of the past 60 years, and that conserving 30 to 50% of land, freshwater and ocean areas would help safeguard nature, help protect the climate, and benefit people;

Amendment 364 #

Paragraph 18 c (new)

18c. Recognises that healthy ecosystems and rich biodiversity underpin human survival and provide life-critical services such as food and clean water; calls attention to the IPCC AR6 conclusions that conservation, improved management and restoration of ecosystems offer the largest share of economic mitigation potential and that land restoration contributes to climate change mitigation and adaptation with synergies via enhanced ecosystem services and with economically positive returns and co-benefits for poverty reduction and improved livelihoods, whereby inclusive decision making, including recognition of inherent rights of Indigenous Peoples, is integral to successful adaptation and mitigation across ecosystems;

Amendment 365 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 19

19. Stresses the need to protect indigenous rights and environmental defenders; stresses the central role of indigenous communities in climate action, implementation, data collection, decision- making, and knowledge-sharing; firmly believes in the need for a just transition that centres indigenous people and their rights; stresses the need to secure the right to free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC); underlines the invaluable contribution of indigenous and local knowledge (ILK), confirmed by the IPCC;

Amendment 366 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 19

19. Stresses the need to protect indigenous rights and environmental defenders by ensuring effective and robust regulatory protection of the environment, labour rights, land rights, indigenous peoples’ rights, livelihoods and cultures, including to free, prior and informed consent; calls on the Parties to ensure that commitments made at COP28 to implement the Paris Agreement align with existing international human rights obligations and standards applicable to business operations;

Amendment 367 #

Paragraph 19

19. Stresses the need to protect ~~indigenous rights and environmental defenders~~rights and interests of indigenous peoples and local communities and the need to include them in decision-making processes relating to climate change mitigation and adaptation;

Amendment 368 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 19 a (new)

19a. Points to the contradiction of calling on other Parties to stop the destruction of their natural environments while Europe sits on a legacy of environmental destruction for economic development; considers a fundamental step in restoring our international credibility to be that of restoring our natural environment; calls on the Member States to implement ambitious nature restoration measures in their territories;

Amendment 369 #

Paragraph 19 a (new)

19a. Stresses the need to support and protect environmental defenders and to hold accountable those who threaten them;

Amendment 37 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 32 b (new)

— having regard to the Global Temperature Report for 2022, of January 12th 2023;

Amendment 370 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 19 b (new)

19b. Stresses the interlinkages between the EU Biodiversity Strategy and the EU Climate Adaptation Strategy; stresses that implementing nature-based solutions on a larger scale would increase climate resilience and contribute to multiple Green Deal objectives; calls for more investments in nature-based solutions to generate gains for adaptation, mitigation, disaster risk reduction, biodiversity, and health;

Amendment 371 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 20

20. Str~~esses the importance of effectively impl~~ongly welcomes the agreement~~ing~~ on the Kunming- Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which was adopted during the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity; stresses the importance of effectively and fully implementing the Kunming- Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework in order for it to be a success; recalls the failure in achieving the Aichi targets, due largely to lack of implementation;

Amendment 372 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 20

20. Stresses the importance of effectively and swiftly implementing the Kunming- Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which was adopted during the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity;

Amendment 373 #

Paragraph 20

20. Stresses the importance of effectively implementing the Kunming- Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which was adopted during the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention on Biological Diversityneed to protect indigenous rights and environmental defenders and to ensure that cooperative mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement fully respect these rights;

Amendment 374 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 20 a (new)

20a. Highlights that climate change is one of the direct drivers of biodiversity loss; recalls the landmark State and Outlook of the European Environment Report 2020, which finds that the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystems are expected to intensify, while activities such as agriculture, fisheries, transport, industry and energy production continue to cause biodiversity loss, resource extraction and harmful emissions; recalls target 8 of the Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Framework, to minimize the impact of climate change and ocean acidification on biodiversity and increase its resilience through mitigation, adaptation, and disaster risk reduction actions, including through nature-based solutions and/or ecosystem-based approaches, while minimizing negative and fostering positive impacts of climate action on biodiversity;

Amendment 375 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 20 a (new)

20a. Stresses that climate mechanisms depend on the health of the ocean and marine ecosystems currently affected by global warming, pollution, overexploitation of marine biodiversity, acidification, deoxygenation and coastal erosion; stresses that the IPCC recalls that the ocean is part of the solution to mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate change;

Amendment 376 #

Catherine CHABAUD, Martin HOJSÍK, Frédérique RIES, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 20 a (new)

20a. Urges Parties to raise their ambition in the land, freshwater and ocean sectors through a rights-based approach in their next round of NDCs, NAPs and Long Term Low-Emissions Development Strategies in coherence with their National Biodiversity Strategies And Plans (NBSAPs);

Amendment 377 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 20 b (new)

20b. Points to how climate change has already altered marine, terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems all around the world, causing species losses and declines in key ecosystem services; recognises that these climate-driven impacts on ecosystems have caused measurable economic and livelihood losses around the world;

Amendment 378 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 20 c (new)

20c. Highlights that the latest IPCC report demonstrated that reducing the destruction of forests and other ecosystems, restoring them, and improving the management of working lands, such as farms — are among the top five most effective strategies for mitigating carbon emissions by 2030;

Amendment 379 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 20 d (new)

20d. Stresses the complementarity between the roll-out of renewable energy and nature restoration; stresses that the environmental transition should be carried out with the least environmental cost, and that synergies between renewable energy and nature restoration should be maximised; underlines the support of the renewable energy industry in the EU for a nature-positive roll-out of renewable energy infrastructure;

Amendment 38 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 32 c (new)

— having regard to the European Climate Neutrality Observatory flagship report ' State of EU progress to climate neutrality ' of 26 June 2023;

Amendment 380 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 21

21. CStrongly welcomes the adoption of the historic High Seas Treaty (BBNJ), which is guided by an approach that builds ecosystem resilience, including to adverse effects of climate change and ocean acidification, and also maintains and restores ecosystem integrity, including the carbon cycling services that underpin the ocean's role in cliamte;1a Stresses the powerful role of a healthy ocean in regulating the global climate; calls on the Parties to continue work on the Ocean and Climate Change Dialogue; _________________ 1a Article 5.1.g of High Seas Treaty

Amendment 381 #

Paragraph 21

21. Calls on the Parties to continue work on the Ocean and Climate Change Dialogue and expresses its support for the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the Commission’s ‘Mission Starfish 2030: Restore our Ocean and Waters; recalls the importance of ocean-based solutions in both mitigating and adapting to climate change, as well as in restoring ecosystems, ensuring food security and providing mineral resources;

Amendment 382 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 21

21. Recalls the current state of our oceans; Stresses the important role oceans play in absorbing carbon dioxide; Calls on the Parties to continue work on the Ocean and Climate Change Dialogue;

Amendment 383 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 21 a (new)

21a. Stresses that plastic pollution accelerates the climate crisis throughout its lifecycles and thus must be urgently addressed at all levels; strongly supports the international efforts to agree on a Global Plastics Treaty; points to how the global plastics sector is responsible for 6% of global oil consumption, and is expected to reach 20% by 2050;1a points to the energy-intensive processes required to extract and distil oil and produce plastic; underlines that discarded plastic waste generates GHG emissions, notably methane and ethylene when exposed to solar radiation in air and water; stresses that plastic pollution in the ocean interferes with its ability to sequester carbon; _________________ 1a https://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_Th e_New_Plastics_Economy.pdf

Amendment 384 #

Paragraph 21 a (new)

21a. Stresses that the IPCC 6th Assessment Report recognised the importance and mitigation potential of “sufficiency” and demand-side policies, alongside energy efficiency and the urgent need to replace fossil fuels by renewable energies, as key to achieve our climate targets, with demand reduction and shifts in consumption patterns reducing global GHG emissions in end- use sectors by 40-70% by 2050 compared to baseline scenarios; taking into account that reduction potential is higher for countries and population segments with relatively high levels of consumption, and encourages all Parties to the UNFCCC to integrate these aspects into their NDCs;

Amendment 385 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 21 a (new)

21a. Underlines that according to the UNEP emissions gap report, methane and nitrous oxide emissions remained steady from 2019 to 2021, and fluorinated gases continued to surge; calls for more attention at the upcoming COP and future COPs to be given to mitigation of non- CO2 greenhouse gases; Points to how the Glasgow Climate Pact overlooks these major contributors to global heating;

Amendment 386 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 21 b (new)

21b. Calls attention to the huge potential of peatlands as a climate solution, being either part of the problem or being a key element of the solution; underlines that globally we lose 500,000 hectares of peatlands a year, while already drained and degraded peatlands contribute around 4% of annual global human-induced emissions;1a highlights that despite only covering 3-4% of the world’s land surface area, peatlands are responsible for storing nearly one-third of the world's soil carbon - over twice that of all the world's forests combined; calls on all Parties with peatlands to include specific targets on restoring peatlands in their NDCs; calls for efforts globally and within the EU to swiftly restore peatlands, so that they can be a sink rather than a source; _________________ 1a https://www.unep.org/news-and- stories/press-release/global-assessment- reveals-huge-potential-peatlands-climate- solution

Amendment 387 #

Paragraph 21 b (new)

21b. Highlights the IPCC’s conclusions that targeting a climate resilient, sustainable world involves fundamental changes to how society functions, including changes to underlying values, worldviews, ideologies, social structures, political and economic systems and power relationships;

Amendment 388 #

Paragraph 21 c (new)

21c. Reiterates the need to mainstream climate ambition into all EU and national policies, and is looking forward to the first Commission report on the consistency of Union and national measures with the objectives of the EU Climate Law, due by 30 September 2023;

Amendment 389 #

Paragraph 21 d (new)

21d. Recalls that the European Climate Law includes an obligation on the Commission to assess the consistency of any draft measure or legislative proposal, including budgetary proposals, with the EU’s climate targets; deplores that the Commission has not yet fully implemented this provision in the way it conducts its impact assessments on all EU policy areas, and strongly urges the Commission to do so immediately;

Amendment 39 #

Citation 33 a (new)

— having regard to the UN Water Conference and the 2023 United Nations World Water Development Report on Partnerships and cooperation for water of 22 March 2023;

Amendment 390 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Subheading 8 a (new)

Methane and other non-CO2 greenhouse gases;

Amendment 391 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 22

22. CWelcomes that 122 Parties have become signatories to the Global Methane Pledge; calls for a quantified, science- based assessment of the progress made since the adoption of the Global Methane Pledge at COP26, the Pledge’s participants having agreed to voluntarily contribute to a collective effort to reduce global methane emissions by at least 30 % percent from 2020 levels by 2030; reiterates its call on all Parties to urgently take action against methane emissions, and urges all signatories to ensure they reduce methane emissions within their territories by at least 30 % by 2030 and to adopt national measures to achieve this aim; strongly urges in particular the large methane- emitting Parties that have not joined the pledge to do so as soon as possible;

Amendment 392 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 22

22. Calls for a quantified, science- based assessment of the progress made in all sectors since the adoption of the Global Methane Pledge at COP26, the Pledge’s participants having agreed to voluntarily contribute to a collective effort to reduce global methane emissions by at least 30 % percent from 2020 levels by 2030; believes that progress may not be delayed and must be underpinned by concrete legislative and non-legislative actions in all emitting sectors;

Amendment 393 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 22

22. Calls for a quantified, science- based assessment of the progress made since the adoption of the Global Methane Pledge at COP26, the Pledge’s participants having agreed to voluntarily contribute to a collective effort to reduce global methane emissions by at least 30 % percent from 2020 levels by 2030; calls on all Parties to join the Global Methane Pledge and to increase efforts to reach the reduction of methane by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030;

Amendment 394 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 22 a (new)

22a. Recalls that methane is a potent GHG which is 28 times more powerful than CO2 in terms of its climate impact over a 100-year timeframe, and 80 times more potent over a 20-year timeframe; highlights in this regard that stronger action to reduce methane emissions is one of the most cost-effective measures for cutting GHG emissions in the short term;1a notes that many technologies and practices are already available for mitigating methane emissions cost- effectively, at low cost or negative cost; notes that methane emissions in agriculture are primarily driven by increasing livestock numbers and that livestock emissions from manure and enteric fermentation account for roughly 32 % of all anthropogenic methane emissions; calls for the adoption of EU- level additional binding legislative measures to tackle emissions in methane- emitting sectors, for binding Union methane emissions reduction targets as well as the inclusion of methane among the regulated pollutants in the National Emission Reduction Commitments Directive; reiterates its call to address livestock densities in the EU to ensure ambitious reductions of GHG emissions in this sector; reiterates its position that a shift is needed in consumption patterns towards more healthy foods, diets and lifestyles, including increased consumption of sustainably and regionally produced plants and plant- based foods, and that the overconsumption of meat and ultra- processed products needs to be addressed; _________________ 1a UNEP report of 6 May 2021 entitled ‘Global Methane Assessment: Benefits and Costs of Mitigating Methane Emissions’,

Amendment 395 #

Paragraph 22 a (new)

22a. Recalls the commitment of the European Commission to consider proposing legislation on targets, standards or other incentives to reduce methane emissions from fossil energy consumed and imported in the EU; underlines that capturing of methane in the oil and gas value chain is warranted from economic and energy-dependency point of view; calls therefore on the EU to present without delay a WTO-compatible EU methane import standard;

Amendment 396 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI

Paragraph 22 a (new)

22a. Stresses that all sectors must contribute to the reduction of emissions, including the defence sector; underlines the need for the defence sector to contribute to the Union's climate neutrality objectives while maintaining operational effectiveness; calls in this respect on Member States to introduce disaggregated mandatory reporting of emissions by the defence sector to the UNFCCC;

Amendment 397 #

Paragraph 22 a (new)

22a. Calls for signatories of the Global Methane Pledge to enhance governance on methane to provide an overarching framework to progress towards a collective commitment while promoting international cooperation and coordination and enabling domestic action;

Amendment 398 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 22 b (new)

22b. Recalls its resolution on An EU strategy to reduce methane emissions and its various calls to address methane emissions from all sources in the Union; notes that while action has been taken at EU level to address methane emissions from the energy sector, there is much to do in particular to address methane emissions from the agriculture sector and the waste sector; calls for dedicated legislative proposals within this mandate to address methane emissions in these two sectors;

Amendment 399 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN

Paragraph 22 b (new)

22b. Is alarmed by the fact that CO2 emissions from existing global fossil fuel infrastructures would in themselves exceed the remaining carbon budget for remaining below 1.5°C, which confirms the IEA assessment that there should be no new oil, gas or coal development if global warming is to stay below 1.5°C; reiterates its call to the Commission, the Member States and other Parties to work on developing a fossil fuel non- proliferation treaty;

Amendment 4 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 9 c (new)

— having regard to the report of the International Energy Agency of May 2021 entitled ‘Net Zero by 2050 – A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector’;

Amendment 40 #

Draft motion for a resolution
Citation 33 a (new)

— having regard to the JRC report of 8 June 2023 on Impacts of climate change on defence-related critical energy infrastructure;

Amendment 400 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 22 c (new)

22c. Highlights the GHG emissions related to the production and use of synthetic fertilisers, which causes more than 2% global emissions;1a underlines that according to the FAO, globally over 100 million tonnes of synthetic fertiliser are applied to crops worldwide every year1b; Notes that the amount of fertiliser used annually has increased nearly 10- fold since the 1960s1c; Points to how energy-intensive extractive and manufacturing processes require the burning of significant amounts of fossil fuels to turn raw materials into usable fertilisers; _________________ 1a Stefano Menegat et al, Greenhouse gas emissions from global production and use of nitrogen synthetic fertilisers in agriculture, Scientific Reports (2022). 1b https://www.fao.org/3/ca6746en/ca6746en .pdf 1c Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) 2019 special report on climate change and land.

Amendment 401 #

Paragraph 22 c (new)

22c. Calls for a binding Union-wide fossil gas phase-out across sectors by 2035, including intermediate objectives for 2025 and 2030 and equitable national targets;

Amendment 402 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 22 d (new)

22d. Acknowledges that the UN has noted that methane emissions have caused approximately 30% of global warming to date, and cutting them is the quickest way to slow global warming; acknowledges also that the agriculture and livestock sector emits 145Mt of methane a year, making it the largest and most significant sector for methane emissions; notes that no Parties have set any quantified targets to address methane emissions from livestock production; calls on the FAO to produce a Global Roadmap to 2050 for Food and Agriculture; points to how such a roadmap could be used by Parties to establish ambitious and feasible strategies and targets for the AFOLU sector and strengthen NDC commitments; calls on all Parties to also include specific methane reduction targets in their NDCs;

Amendment 403 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23

23. Highlights the inclusion of maritime and aviation emissions in the EU emissions trading system, which will foster greater ambition at international level, including in the International Maritime Organization and the International Civil Aviation Organization; is concerned by the slow progress achieved in the IMO and the ICAO in addressing emissions from international shipping and aviation; calls on the IMO to update its GHG strategy and its emissions reduction target, and to adopt concrete measures; urges the IMO, however, to move forward rapidly in adopting targets and measures in the short and medium term that are aligned with the goals of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 404 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 23

23. Highlights that the transport sector is the only sector in which emissions have risen at EU level since 1990 and that this is not compatible with the EU’s climate goals, which require greater and faster reductions in emissions from all sectors of society, including the aviation and maritime sectors; Welcomes in this regard the inclusion of maritime and aviation emissions in the EU emissions trading system, which will foster greater ambition at international level, including in the International Maritime Organization and the International Civil Aviation Organization;

Amendment 405 #

Pernille WEISS

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Highlights the importance of global cooperation and alignment of objectives in policy initiatives addressing the cornerstones of sustainability: climate and environmental issues in the textile sector cannot be overstated; It is crucial to recognize that the textile industry will play a pivotal role in transforming into a circular economy, tackling challenges related to waste management, microplastic shedding, water usage, and the overall durability and recyclability of textile products; By emphasizing the need for quality manufacturing, we can ensure that textiles are designed to be long- lasting and recyclable, reducing the environmental impact of the industry; The collective efforts of governments, organizations, and stakeholders are essential in driving sustainable change and achieving a more sustainable future; Additionally, working towards establishing global standards for when brands can make green claims about a product is imperative; Consistent and transparent guidelines will help consumers make informed choices and prevent greenwashing, ensuring that sustainability claims are backed by verifiable evidence; This will foster greater trust and accountability within the textile industry, encouraging responsible practices and facilitating the transition towards a truly sustainable and circular economy;

Amendment 406 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Notes that there is a growing scientific and political interest in Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) as a proposed set of climate engineering approaches to artificially reflect sunlight and cool the planet, such as stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI); stresses that SRM does nothing to address the root cause of climate change, provides no scientific certainty on the effect and endangers climactic and geopolitical stability, potentially in a catastrophic fashion; recalls that a UN resolution on global governance has been blocked; calls on the Commission to take action on SRM by initiating a non-use agreement to stop its deployment, restrict its development, and object to future institutionalisation of SRM in international institutions, in consistency with the precautionary principle and in the absence of evidence of its safety and a full global consensus on its acceptability.

Amendment 407 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Reiterates its support of the Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance (BOGA), which was launched at COP26, and stresses the imperative of its objective to limit the supply of fossil fuels and set an end for oil and gas production; recalls that fossil fuels are the largest contributor to climate change, responsible for over 75 % of all GHGs and that current plans would lead to the production of around 240 % more coal, 57 % more oil, and 71 % more gas than would be consistent with limiting global warming to 1,5° C; supports a socially just and equitable global transition to align oil and gas production with the objectives of the Paris Agreement; calls on all Member States and other Parties to the Paris Agreement to join this initiative;

Amendment 408 #

Martin HOJSÍK, Nils TORVALDS, Catherine CHABAUD, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Welcomes the fact that several EU trading partners have introduced carbon trading or other carbon pricing mechanisms and invites the Commission to further promote this and similar policies on the global scale and to explore links and other forms of cooperation with existing carbon pricing mechanisms in third countries to accelerate cost-efficient and socially fair emissions reductions worldwide; as part of this, calls on the Commission to put in place safeguards to ensure that any links with the EU ETS will continue to deliver additional and permanent mitigation contributions and will not undermine the EU’s domestic GHG emissions commitments;

Amendment 409 #

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Underlines the importance of private sector, and specifically of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and their role in achieving climate change-related goals in the EU and world-wide; appreciates the entities, which have adopted concrete plans to reduce their carbon-footprint and improved the sustainability of their products and services; calls on the remaining ones to do so as soon as possible; calls on the Parties to facilitate successful energy transition and climate actions of SMEs across different sectors;

Amendment 41 #

Citation 33 a (new)

— having regard to the European Council conclusions of 23 March 2023 (EUCO 4/23);

Amendment 410 #

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Highlights that in order to ensure the consistency of NDCs with the economy-wide commitments required by the Paris Agreement, the Parties should be encouraged to include emissions from international shipping and aviation in their NDCs and to agree on and implement measures at regional and national level to reduce emissions from these sectors, including non-CO2 impacts from aviation and the full well to wake climate emissions of marine fuels;

Amendment 411 #

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Expresses concerns over emergency situation affecting ecological flow of river bodies and the abstraction permits for industry and agriculture in some regions of Europe; Calls for water- smart measures to be adopted throughout the economy, for an efficient use, reuse and recycling, and for a protection and restoration of ecosystems supporting recharge of groundwater resources;

Amendment 412 #

Paragraph 23 a (new)

23a. Recalls the contribution of research, innovation, digital technologies to achieving the goals set out in the Paris Agreement and the objectives of the European Green deal towards climate neutrality; Recognizes the importance of partnerships to foster the cross-sectoral collaboration within Europe and with its partners;

Amendment 413 #

Paragraph 23 a (new)

Amendment 414 #

Paragraph 23 a (new)

Amendment 415 #

Paragraph 23 b (new)

23b. Calls on the IMO and EU member states to adopt action on maritime emissions in line with the Science Based Targets and the 1.5 degrees temperature limit set by the Paris Agreement, requiring a 37% emission reduction by 2030, 96% by 2040 and 100% by 2050; notes that Science-Based Targets have already been endorsed by developed nations such as the US, UK, Canada and New Zealand and climate vulnerable countries such as RMI, SI Tuvalu, Palau; recognises that if the IMO negotiations fail to achieve action in line with the Paris Agreement, the EU should revise its shipping legislation to enlarge its scope and align them with Science Based Targets; notes that recently approved EU shipping legislation are a step in the right direction but acknowledges that higher targets will be needed to truly drive the transition to zero emission shipping; calls on the EU to engage in bilateral and multilateral diplomacy to support other countries in setting up their own national and regional legislation to decarbonise the shipping sector;

Amendment 416 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 b (new)

23b. Notes that inclusion of disaggregated military emissions in UNFCCC submissions is voluntary and it is not currently possible to define reported military GHG emissions from the submitted UNFCCC data; supports introducing disaggregated compulsory reporting of military emissions to the UNFCCC; calls on the Member States to lead by example by publishing national data on the GHG emissions of their militaries and military technology industries as standard practice;

Amendment 417 #

Paragraph 23 b (new)

23b. Highlights that the EU´s carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) will provide an effective mechanism to price emissions from products imported to the EU and to address carbon leakage while supporting the adoption of carbon pricing worldwide, which will contribute to reducing global carbon emissions and to the achievement of the Paris Agreement goals;

Amendment 418 #

Paragraph 23 b (new)

23b. Welcomes the Global Registry of Fossil Fuel Emissions providing open and transparent repository of data on worldwide fossil fuel production in terms of its embedded carbon dioxide emissions; believes that the tool can lead to better understanding of extraction impacts on the remaining carbon budget, reporting by the Parties and decision-making;

Amendment 419 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 23 b (new)

23b. Notes that only sustained and ambitious greenhouse gas emission reductions will help Parties to reach the objectives of the Paris Agreement; Stresses that carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies should only be considered for unabated residual emissions and not as alternatives to mitigation policies;

Amendment 42 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 33 b (new)

— having regard to EEA Report No 22/2018 on Unequal exposure and unequal impacts: social vulnerability to air pollution, noise and extreme temperatures in Europe;

Amendment 420 #

Paragraph 23 b (new)

23b. Calls for a global CCS pledge to deliver a global agenda so that technologies, necessary for reducing emissions are scaled up. Encourages an ambitions and operational pledge which includes a commitment to creating policies and regulations which foster an environment to scale CCS globally;

Amendment 421 #

Paragraph 23 b (new)

Amendment 422 #

Paragraph 23 b (new)

Amendment 423 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 c (new)

23c. Points to the disproportionate climate impact of the use of private jets, with one single private jet able to emit two metric tonnes of CO2 in just one hour;1a underlines the importance of leaders leading by example, and thus regrets that some world leaders and delegates travelled to COP27 by private jet, including the president of the Council; urges all participants at COP27, including from EU institutions, to choose the least polluting mode of transport to get to their destination; notes with concern that private jet use in Europe is estimated to have increased by 30 % compared to pre- pandemic level1b, and thus calls on the Member States to take measures to curtail the use of private jets in their territories without delay; _________________ 1a Transport & Environment, ‘Private jets: can the super-rich supercharge zero- emission aviation?’, April 2021. 1b idem

Amendment 424 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX

Paragraph 23 c (new)

23c. Recalls that 23 % of global GHG emissions and approximately 10 % of EU GHG emissions originate from agriculture, and acknowledges the significant potential for GHG emissions reduction in the agricultural sector; stresses that a transition towards regenerative agriculture, shorter supply chains and healthier, more balanced and sustainable diets, including through increased consumption of sustainably produced plants and plant-based foods, would contribute significantly to reducing agricultural emissions while releasing pressure on land and helping restore ecosystems;

Amendment 425 #

Paragraph 23 c (new)

23c. Highlights the responsibility and potential of the private sector to contribute to the goals of the Paris Agreement and recognises the decisive role of frontrunner businesses; underlines in this context the need for rigorous standards for corporate climate reporting to avoid greenwashing and an uneven playing field; in this context, highlights the importance of solid EU rules in areas such as corporate due diligence, green claims and the certification of carbon removals;

Amendment 426 #

Paragraph 23 c (new)

23c. Recognises that the IMO’s scope only covers a little more than 50% of global shipping emissions, so that national and regional measures will be necessary regardless of the outcome of the revision of the IMO greenhouse gas strategy; calls on the European Commission and Member States to restart UNFCCC negotiations on attribution of international shipping emissions to national inventories on a 50-50% basis mirroring the success of the ETS and FuelEU Maritime;

Amendment 427 #

Paragraph 23 d (new)

23d. Notes that black carbon emissions from shipping rose globally by 12% between 2012 and 2018, and by 85% in the Arctic between 2015 and 2019; stresses that black carbon is estimated to account for about 21% of shipping emissions over a 20-year timescale; considering the urgency of tackling climate change, and in particular the alarming rate at which the Arctic is melting; calls for immediate action to reverse the current increase in black carbon emissions from Arctic shipping; strongly deplores the fact that the IMO adopted ban on the use of heavy fuel oil in the Arctic contains too many loopholes and has been rendered ineffective in protecting the Arctic; urges the Commission to ensure that all ships calling at EU ports and travelling in or near the Arctic switch to cleaner distillates and install particulate filters, which would reduce black carbon emissions by over 90%;

Amendment 428 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 d (new)

23d. Stresses that climate change and environmental degradation are major drivers of human displacement and threat multipliers; calls on historical emitters to help developing countries adapt to climate inter alia through grants-based financing and technical support; stresses that insufficient adaptation capacities can lead to armed conflicts, food shortages, natural catastrophes and climate-induced displacement; expresses its support for the WIM Task Force on Displacement, and expects COP27 to give more attention to climate-induced displacement; calls the Commission and the Member States to recognize the needs and vulnerability of people affected by climate displacement and strengthen protection and step up efforts to find solutions;

Amendment 429 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 23 d (new)

23d. Welcomes the new law introduced in France to ban short-haul flights for journeys which can be taken in under 2.5 hours by train; Encourages all Parties to introduce such ban on short-haul flights;

Amendment 43 #

Citation 33 b (new)

— having regard to the European Council conclusions of 23 March 2023 (EUCO 4/23);

Amendment 430 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 e (new)

23e. Highlights the devastating environmental, social and economic impacts of desertification and the need for common approaches to properly prevent and adapt to this phenomenon and overcome it; underlines, therefore, the importance of water availability for climate change mitigation and adaptation, since in addition to allowing the growth of plants that capture and retain carbon, water in the soil enhances the life of microorganisms, increasing the content of organic matter in the soil and, inherently, leads to greater carbon retention capacity in the soil; stresses the need to pay close attention to water management in the context of adaptation; stresses the need for speedy and full implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive in order to achieve its objectives and better manage this resource;

Amendment 431 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Rovana PLUMB

Paragraph 23 e (new)

23e. Stresses that private jets are up to 14 times more polluting than commercial planes per passenger; Encourages all Parties to take measures, in the form of taxation or other policies, to discourage the use of private jets;

Amendment 432 #

Paragraph 23 e (new)

23e. Calls on Member States to ensure that military greenhouse gas emissions are included in domestic net-zero targets in order to accelerate the development of decarbonisation technologies and strategies;

Amendment 433 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 f (new)

23f. Highlights that the Mediterranean is one of the regions in the world most affected by climate change; notes that the Mediterranean basin is warming 20 % faster than the global average, and that the region is one of the main climate change hotspots in the world, where 250 million people are projected to be considered ‘water poor’ within 20 years;1a underlines that the Mediterranean is turning into the fastest warming sea in the world1b with consequences for important economic sectors and the whole sea ecosystem, suffering irreversible changes to the ecosystem and species; calls on the Commission and Member States to act with urgency and cooperate with its Mediterranean partners to work on an ambitious adaptation measures and to lead mitigation action; _________________ 1a Mediterranean experts on climate and environmental change, ‘Risks associated to climate and environmental changes in the Mediterranean region’, 2019, https://ufmsecretariat.org/wp- content/uploads/2019/10/MedECC- Booklet_EN_WEB.pdf 1b WWF Mediterranean Marine Initiative, ‘The Climate Change Effect in the Mediterranean — Six stories from an Overheating Sea’, Rome, Italy, 2021.

Amendment 434 #

Paragraph 23 f (new)

23f. Notes that national reporting of military greenhouse gas emissions to the UNFCCC remains voluntary; calls on the High Representative, the Commission and the Council to formulate a proposal for the transparent accounting of Member States’ military emissions to the UNFCCC, acknowledging the adoption of the Strategic Compass for Security and Defence, and in order to fully implement the Climate Change and Defence Roadmap;

Amendment 435 #

Paragraph 23 g (new)

23g. Draws attention to the IPCC AR6 conclusions that climate change impacts are already and increasingly affecting the productivity of all agricultural and fishery sectors, exacerbating water scarcity and threatening food security, nutrition and livelihoods; highlights at the same time that global food systems account for 31% of global emissions; deplores that food and agriculture have up to now not played a key role in climate negotiations, despite the potential of food system change’s to provide solutions and enhance adaptation to climate change, including in the EU; highlights the IPCC’s findings that delays in avoiding or reducing land degradation and promoting positive ecosystem restoration risk long-term impacts including rapid declines in productivity of agriculture;

Amendment 436 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 g (new)

23g. Reiterates its support for the creation of a global platform for assessing the environmental damage caused during armed conflicts - an initiative of the Ukrainian government; calls on the Commission to explore this idea and to elaborate a proposal ahead of COP28 for such an international platform; stresses the need for more attention to be given to the environmental and climate impacts of armed conflicts;

Amendment 437 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 23 h (new)

23h. reiterates the need to urgently end fossil fuel subsidies and other environmentally harmful subsidies in the EU and worldwide; reminds the Commission and the Member States of their obligations under the 8th Environmental Action Programme to set a deadline for the phasing out of fossil fuel subsidies consistent with the ambition of limiting global warming to 1,5 °C, as well as to develop a binding Union framework to monitor and report on Member States’ progress towards phasing out fossil fuel subsidies based on an agreed methodology; calls on the Commission and all Member States to implement concrete policies, timelines and measures to phase out all direct and indirect fossil fuel subsidies as soon as possible, and by 2025 at the very latest;

Amendment 438 #

Paragraph 23 h (new)

23h. Highlights the IPPC’s findings that ecosystem-based strategies and sustainable production methods such as agroecology, crop rotation and planting more nitrogen fixing leguminous crops, as well as a dietary shift to more plant- based protein sources, are useful for both mitigation and adaptation, and would restore soil quality and contribute to natural carbon sequestration;

Amendment 439 #

Paragraph 23 i (new)

23i. Reiterates that studies1a show that the synthetic N fertiliser supply chain was responsible for 1.25Gt CO2 emissions in 2018, representing 21.5% of agriculture direct emissions and 2.4% of global GHG emissions; emphasises that by reducing overall production and use of synthetic N fertilisers, and increasing the use of natural carbon sequestration in soils and soil organic matter would offer multiple benefits in terms of increase soil fertility, biodiversity restoration while providing large mitigation potential and would reduce harmful emissions; _________________ 1a https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs1 007419/v1_covered.pdf?c=16349316

Amendment 44 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 33 c (new)

— having regard to EEA Report No 7/2022 on Climate change as a threat to health and well-being in Europe: focus on heat and infectious diseases;

Amendment 440 #

Paragraph 23 j (new)

23j. Highlights the IPCC’s findings that, next to increased protection, restoration, afforestation and reforestation, forestry practices in managed forests need to be improved; regrets that a focus on wood production has led to intensive forestry operations, clear-cutting practices and homogenisation of European forests in many regions, which has weakened the natural resilience of forests and compromise their capacity to sustain multiple ecosystem services; highlights that alternative approaches such as close- to-nature forestry would limit negative impacts on biodiversity, reduce carbon emissions from soils and off-site effects on water bodies, reduce soil compaction caused by heavy harvesting machines and facilitate the adaptation of forests to climate change, while supporting both rural economies and societal wellbeing;

Amendment 441 #

Subheading 9

~~Climate change and gender~~Unequal impacts of climate change and importance of public participation;

Amendment 442 #

Paragraph 24

24. Points to the fact that people are impacted by climate change in different ways, depending on factors such as gender, age, disability, ethnicity and poverty with vulnerable populations, such as the poor, indigenous peoples, women and the elderly, being the hardest hit by its consequences; stresses the need to ensure that the transition to a low-carbon economy mitigates, not exacerbates, this climate injustice;

Amendment 443 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 24 a (new)

24a. Believes that the transformation towards a sustainable society has to be done in an inclusive, fair and equal manner, and that the gender balance and the empowerment of women and girls are key to that transformation; emphasises the need for more effective gender mainstreaming throughout all relevant targets and goals; reiterates its call on the Commission to design a concrete action plan to deliver on the commitments of the renewed Gender Action Plan agreed at the 25th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP 25) and to create a permanent EU gender and climate change focal point, with sufficient budgetary resources, to implement and monitor gender-responsible climate action in the EU and globally; believes this could set an example for other Parties to adopt similar measures;

Amendment 444 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 24 a (new)

24a. Calls for the EU to mainstream gender into all climate and environmental policy-making, and urges the Commission and Member States to increase the coherence between support for gender and climate through external action instruments and through the EIB, including through enhancing participation of women and women’s organisations in governance and decision-making, their access to finance, and to programmes which support the role of women in climate governance, and particular sectors such as agriculture and forestry, with a specific focus on indigenous women;

Amendment 445 #

Paragraph 24 a (new)

24a. Stresses that climate goals cannot be achieved without the support and involvement of the public, including young people, calls on country Parties to raise awareness of climate change and related issues, combat misinformation and work with public representatives, including NGOs, to gain public support for mitigation and adaptation measures;

Amendment 446 #

Paragraph 24 a (new)

24a. Highlights the need to strengthen gender considerations and feminist principles within the EU’s climate diplomacy;

Amendment 447 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Paragraph 24 b (new)

24b. Highlights the UNFCCC Gender Action Plan and stresses the importance of a gender transformative approach in climate finance including through gender mainstreaming, increasing gender responsiveness of climate finance, and increasing shares of and improving access to climate finance by civil society organisations and organisations representing women and girls; notes the EU Gender Action Plan III and calls on the EU and its Member States to report on gender responsiveness of its climate finance contributions;

Amendment 448 #

Paragraph 24 b (new)

24b. Calls on all governments to increase efforts for the integration of gender equality in all climate programmes and policies related to mitigation, adaptation and loss and damage, including by increasing investments and finance for gender-just climate solutions led by grassroots and feminist organizations in the Global South which have proven to address gender inequality and discriminatory barriers;

Amendment 449 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 24 b (new)

24b. Reiterates its call on the EU and its Member States to ensure gender-just national climate action plans by more strongly integrating gender equality into their revised NDCs, and the meaningful involvement of women’s groups in their design and implementation;

Amendment 45 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 33 d (new)

— having regard to the European Climate and Health Observatory;

Amendment 450 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 24 c (new)

24c. Underlines that disaster risk and gender inequality are interwoven challenges; stresses the need to accelerate action for gender-responsive disaster risk reduction, and thus a gender-responsive implementation of the Sendai Framework; calls for further efforts to prioritise and account for gender in disaster preparedness, particularly with disaggregated disaster risk reduction (DRR) data sets;

Amendment 451 #

Paragraph 24 c (new)

24c. Stresses the importance of increasing the participation of women in decision-making in the climate diplomacy context, including by further enhancing efforts to have at least 50% of EU and MS representatives in international climate constituted bodies (such as under the UNFCCC) and their delegations to COP28 to be women in all their diversity;

Amendment 452 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 24 d (new)

24d. Considers that women’s access to inclusive climate finance must be increased and enabled; highlights how gender-responsive climate financing is critical to a just transition; stresses that a gender perspective needs to be taken into account when developing resource mobilization strategies, applying climate finance instruments, and ensuring equal participation in the deployment of financial resources, particularly at the local level; calls for the GCF, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), Adaptation Fund, and the Sustainable Impact Fund (SIF), to develop better strategies to reach local-level actors who lead climate adaptation solutions;

Amendment 453 #

Paragraph 24 d (new)

24d. Highlights that climate change leads to scarcity of natural resources and increases conflicts and tensions, and that women are disproportionately affected by this; points to the fact that 80% of people displaced by climate change are women;

Amendment 454 #

Paragraph 24 e (new)

24e. Urges Member States and the Commission to increase efforts to achieve the goals set out in the Gender Action Plan III; highlights that gender- responsive climate financing is critical for a just transition; calls on the Loss and Damage Transitional Committee to ensure that the Loss and Damage Fund is gender-sensitive and transformative, is guided by the needs of those most impacted and responds to specific losses suffered by women; emphasises the need to increase resources, training and support to National Gender and Climate Change Focal Points, including in the EU;

Amendment 455 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 24 e (new)

24e. Stresses the importance of the new Loss and Damage Fund being a gender- sensitive and transformative platform for inclusive and just climate action; believes that women should be centrally engaged in the design, management, and disbursement of the new Fund and it must be responsive to specific losses suffered by women;

Amendment 456 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 24 f (new)

24f. Supports women’s parity in COP delegations and leadership at all levels of climate action; regrets that at COP27, women made up less than 34% of country negotiating teams at COP27, and some Party delegations were made up of as much as 90% men; notes that out of 110 world leaders who attended COP27, only 7 were women; calls on all parties to aim for gender parity in their delegations and at all levels of climate change decision- making and negotiations and nominate a National Gender and Climate Change Focal Point;

Amendment 457 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Subheading 10

Role of the European Parliament at COP28;

Amendment 458 #

Catherine CHABAUD, Martin HOJSÍK, Frédérique RIES, Max ORVILLE

Paragraph 25

25. Believes that it should be an integral part of the EU delegation at COP28, given that it must give its consent to international agreements and plays a central role in the domestic implementation of the Paris Agreement as one of the EU’s co-legislators; expects, therefore, to be allowed to attend EU coordination meetings at COP28 in Dubai and to be guaranteed access to all preparatory documents, stresses that, given that Parliament represents the citizens of the Union, these documents should ultimately be made public;

Amendment 459 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Paragraph 25

25. Believes that it should be an integral part of the EU delegation at COP28, given that it must give its consent to international agreements and plays a central role in the domestic implementation of the Paris Agreement as one of the EU’s co-legislators; commits to act independently and free from conflicts of interests; expects, therefore, to be allowed to attend EU coordination meetings at COP28 in Dubai and to be guaranteed access to all preparatory documents;

Amendment 46 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 33 e (new)

— having regard to the Copernicus Climate Change Service and its 2022 Global Climate Highlights report;

Amendment 47 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 33 f (new)

— having regard to the European Court of Auditors Special report 18/2023: EU climate and energy targets – 2020 targets achieved, but little indication that actions to reach the 2030 targets will be sufficient;

Amendment 48 #

Citation 36 a (new)

— Having regard to the Resolution of the European Parliament on Momentum for the ocean: strengthening ocean governance and biodiversity (2022/2836(RSP));

Amendment 49 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital -A (new)

-A. whereas the European Parliament declared a climate and environmental emergency and committed to urgently take the concrete action needed to fight and contain this threat before it is too late; whereas biodiversity loss and climate change are interlinked and exacerbate each other, representing equal threats to life on our planet, and as such, should be urgently tackled together;

Amendment 5 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Citation 9 d (new)

— having regard to the Global Methane Tracker report 2022 of the International Energy Agency, February 2022;

Amendment 50 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital A

A. whereas the Paris Agreement entered into force on 4 November 2016; whereas to date 194 states have ratified or acceded to the agreement, representing over 98% of global emissions and only three states have signed but not ratified the agreement;

Amendment 51 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital A a (new)

Aa. whereas according to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), Emissions Gap Report 2022 the commitments made so far by the signatories to the Paris Agreement will not be sufficient to achieve its common goal and will result in global temperature rise of 2,8 °C by the end of the century, indicating as well that the world is still dangerously off track to meet the aspirations of the Paris Agreement; whereas the report states that the international community is falling far short of the Paris goals, with no credible pathway to 1.5°C in place, and that only an urgent system-wide transformation can avoid climate disaster;

Amendment 52 #

Recital B

B. whereas there has been inadequate collective progress towards achieving the long-term goals of the Paris Agreement since it was adopted in 2015; whereas the 2022 NDC Synthesis Report warns that the total global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission level in 2030 taking into account implementation of all latest NDCs is estimated to be 10.6% above the 2010 level, and 0.3% below the 2019 level, when the contribution of the Working Group III (WG III) to the |Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) concludes that in scenarios limiting warming to 1,5°C (with over 50% likelihood by 2100) with no or limited overshoot GHG emissions are reduced by 43% by 2030, relative to 2019 level; whereas according to the World Meteorological Organization there is now a 66% likelihood of temporarily exceeding 1.5°C already during the period 2023-2027;

Amendment 53 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital B

B. whereas there has been inadequate collective progress towards achieving the long-term goals of the Paris Agreement since it was adopted in 2015; whereas according to the updated NDC Synthesis Report, global GHG emissions in 2030, taking into consideration implementation of the latest NDCs of all Parties to the Paris Agreement, are expected to be 15.9% higher than the 2010 level; whereas even at the optimistic scenario of limiting the average global temperature to 1.5° C would have irreversible adverse impacts on human systems and ecosystems and would significantly reduce their adaptive capacities, thus leading to losses and damages;

Amendment 54 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Recital B

B. whereas ~~there has been inadequate collective progress towards achieving the long-term goals of the Paris Agreement since it was adopted in 2015~~, according to the UNEP emissions gap report 2022, the commitments made so far by the signatories to the Paris Agreement will not be sufficient to achieve its common goal and will result in global temperature rise of 2.8° C by the end of the century, indicating that the world is still dangerously off track to meet the objectives of the Paris Agreement;

Amendment 55 #

Recital B

B. whereas there has not been ~~inadequate collective progres~~sufficient progress by all parties towards achieving the long-term goals of the Paris Agreement since it was adopted in 2015;

Amendment 56 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Heléne FRITZON, Sara CERDAS, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Recital B a (new)

Ba. whereas people in the richest 1% of the global population are set to have per capita consumption emissions in 2030 that are still 30 times higher than the global per capita level, while the footprints of the poorest half of the world population are set to remain several times below that level1a; __________________ 1a Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP) and Oxfam, 'Carbon Inequality in 2030', November 2021 https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/ bitstream/handle/10546/621305/bncarbon -inequality-2030-051121-en.pd

Amendment 57 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Rovana PLUMB, Robert HAJŠEL

Recital B b (new)

Bb. Whereas according to a study of the World Bank, by 2050, as many as 216 million people could be internal climate migrants across the regions of Africa, Latin America, Asia and the Pacific and Eastern Europe; whereas the scale of internal climate migration will be largest in the poorest and most climate- vulnerable regions; whereas global action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions could dramatically slow the rise in internal climate migrants as much as 80% lower by 20501a; __________________ 1a International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank, 'Groundswell, Acting on Internal Climate Migration, Part II', 2021 https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/han dle/10986/36248

Amendment 58 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital C

C. whereas the global stocktake (GST) is a central element of the Paris Agreement~~; whereas the GST aims to ratchet up ambition and drive climate action, and makes it possible to take stock of the Paris Agreement’s implementation~~ that allows an overall picture of progress on the implementation of the Agreement; whereas the outcome of the stocktaking exercise of the GST should subsequently spur Parties to ratchet up ambition and drive climate action; whereas having a periodic stocktaking exercise on the collective progress on the Paris Agreement goals is a crucial part of the Paris Agreement architecture;

Amendment 59 #

Recital C

C. whereas the global stocktake (GST) that is going to take place in 2023 for the first time is a central element of the Paris Agreement; whereas the GST aims to ratchet up ambition and drive climate action, and makes it possible to take stock of the Paris Agreement’s implementation;

Amendment 6 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Petros KOKKALIS, Marisa MATIAS, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP

Citation 9 e (new)

— having regard to the UNEP report of 6 May 2021 entitled ‘Global Methane Assessment: Benefits and Costs of Mitigating Methane Emissions’;

Amendment 60 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital C a (new)

Ca. whereas the Glasgow Climate Pact requests countries to revisit and strengthen the 2030 targets in their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) by the end of 2022; whereas by the end of 2022, no Party had revised their NDC;

Amendment 61 #

Recital C a (new)

Ca. Whereas the Paris Agreement states that food security must not be jeopardised and that Parties to the agreement must make efforts to eradicate poverty;

Amendment 62 #

Recital C a (new)

Ca. whereas proactive planning significantly improves the chance of delivering a more efficient and less costly future carbon-free energy system;

Amendment 63 #

Recital C a (new)

Ca. whereas proactive planning significantly improves the chance of delivering a more efficient and less costly future carbon-free energy system;

Amendment 64 #

Recital C a (new)

Ca. whereas proactive planning significantly improves the chance of delivering a more efficient and less costly future carbon-free energy system;

Amendment 65 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital C b (new)

Cb. whereas the average global temperature in 2022 was 1.15oC above pre-industrial levels; whereas, according to a new report by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO),1a there is a 66% likelihood that the annual average near-surface global temperature between 2023 and 2027 will be more than 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels for at least one year; whereas there is a 98% likelihood that at least one of the next five years, and the five-year period as a whole, will be the warmest on record; __________________ 1a https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=noti ce_display&id=22272

Amendment 66 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN

Recital C b (new)

Cb. Whereas the IPCC sees a role for nuclear energy in all its scenarios and foresees a significant increase in nuclear energy in most of them, ranging from 59 % to 106 % in 2030 and between 150 % and 468 % in 2050 compared to 2010;

Amendment 67 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital C c (new)

Cc. whereas the WMO points out that Arctic warming is disproportionately high; whereas numerous studies report this ‘Arctic amplification’ phenomenon of warming over three times faster than the rest of the globe; whereas UNEP underlines that ocean acidification and pollution are also posing major threats to the Arctic;

Amendment 68 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital C d (new)

Cd. whereas we are currently at 423.46 parts per million of atmospheric CO2; whereas atmospheric CO2 levels of between 280 and 350 parts per million created the climate that allowed humanity build and feed the modern world;

Amendment 69 #

Draft motion for a resolution
Recital C e (new)

Ce. whereas temperature records were broken in 2022 in 12 European countries, as well as parts of the Middle East, central Asia, China, New Zealand, north-west Africa and the Horn of Africa; whereas the Copernicus Climate Change Service has found that 2022 has been a year of extremes, with many temperature records broken, including summer 2022 being the hottest on record for Europe;

Amendment 7 #

Silvia MODIG, Petros KOKKALIS, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Manon AUBRY, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Malin BJÖRK, Mick WALLACE

Citation 11 a (new)

— having regard to the European Environment Agency’s (EEA) ‘The European Environment - State and Outlook 2020';

Amendment 70 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital C f (new)

Cf. whereas most emissions from synthetic nitrogen fertilisers occur after they are applied to the soil and enter the atmosphere as nitrous oxide (N2O) – a persistent GHG with 265 times more global warming potential than CO2; whereas synthetic nitrogen fertilisers account for 2.1% of global greenhouse gas emissions;1a whereas synthetic nitrogen fertiliser production accounted for 35,2 % of total synthetic nitrogen fertiliser-associated emissions, while field emissions accounted for 62,4 % and transportation accounted for the remaining 2,4 %; whereas the top four emitters (China, India, USA and the EU) jointly accounted for 63 % of the total emission generated; __________________ 1a Stefano Menegat et al, Greenhouse gas emissions from global production and use of nitrogen synthetic fertilisers in agriculture, Scientific Reports (2022).

Amendment 71 #

Recital D a (new)

Da. whereas the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published in its Sixth Assessment Report the finding that deep reductions in anthropogenic methane emissions are needed by 2030 to stay below 1,5° C;

Amendment 72 #

Recital D a (new)

Amendment 73 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D a (new)

Da. whereas IPCC has urged the world to keep global warming below 1,5º C, yet in 2022 warming was already approximately 1,24º C above pre- industrial levels;1a whereas according to the IPCC, human influence has unequivocally warmed the atmosphere, ocean and land and the impacts of human-induced climate change are being felt in the increased frequency of extreme weather events including heatwaves, droughts, flooding, winter storms, hurricanes and wildfires; whereas between 2000 and 2019, floods, droughts, and storms alone affected nearly 4 billion people worldwide, costing over 300 000 lives; whereas the occurrence of these extreme events represents a drastic change since the period 1980-99, with the frequency of floods increasing by 134 %, storms by 40 %, and droughts by 29 %; __________________ 1a Global Temperature Report for 2022, January 2023

Amendment 74 #

Recital D a (new)

Da. whereas, according to Article 4(3) of the Paris Agreement, the Union's updated Nationally Determined Contribution shall reflect its highest possible ambition, reflecting its common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities; whereas the EU Advisory Board on Climate Change recognises that the Union could achieve up to 70% emissions reduction by 2030;

Amendment 75 #

Recital D b (new)

Db. whereas the latest UNEP Adaptation Gap Report highlights that global efforts in adaptation planning, financing and implementation fail to keep pace with increasing climate risks: whereas the Glasgow–Sharm el-Sheikh work programme on the global goal on adaptation and the global stocktake should be used as opportunities for all Parties to act upon the conclusions of that report as well as those of the IPCC WGII AR6;

Amendment 76 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D b (new)

Db. whereas climate change is a main driver of environmental degradation, which has a negative impact on food and water security; whereas water scarcity, flooding and droughts are key risks in Europe and water shortages impact several sectors across the EU through cascading and spillover effects;

Amendment 77 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D c (new)

Dc. whereas climate-related risks to health, livelihoods, food security, water supply and economic growth are projected to be much higher with global warming of 2 °C; whereas limiting global warming to 1,5 °C compared to 2 °C is projected to reduce the impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and coastal ecosystems and to retain more of their services to humans; whereas it is therefore imperative to pursue efforts to limit the temperature rise to 1,5 °C above pre-industrial levels;

Amendment 78 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D d (new)

Dd. whereas the preamble to the Paris Agreement recognises the ‘importance of ensuring the integrity of all ecosystems, including oceans’ and whereas Article 4(1)(d) of the UNFCCC stresses that the Parties thereto must promote sustainable management, and the conservation and enhancement of sinks and reservoirs of all GHGs, including biomass, forests and oceans, as well as other terrestrial, coastal and marine ecosystems; whereas the IPBES global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services underlines that the sustainable use of nature will be vital for adapting to and mitigating dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system;

Amendment 79 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D e (new)

De. whereas the preservation of oceans is crucial for their role within the climate system, such as the uptake and redistribution of natural and anthropogenic CO2 and heat, as well as ecosystem support; whereas the IPCC 2019 Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate shows that since 1970 oceans have progressively warmed and absorbed more than 90 % of the excess heat in the climate system; whereas ocean warming is affecting coastal ecosystems, leading to intensified marine heatwaves, acidification, loss of oxygen, salinity intrusion and sea level rise;

Amendment 8 #

Citation 11 a (new)

— having regard to Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 on the governance of the energy union and climate action;

Amendment 80 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D f (new)

Df. whereas the richest 1 % of the global population are set to generate per capita consumption emissions in 2030 that are still 30 times higher than the global per capita level, while the footprints of the poorest half of the world population are set to remain several times below that level1a; __________________ 1a Institute for European Environmental Policy (IEEP) and Oxfam, ‘Carbon Inequality in 2030’, November 2021 https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/ bitstream/handle/10546/621305/bn- carbon-inequality-2030-051121-en.pdf

Amendment 81 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D g (new)

Dg. whereas most developing countries contribute minimally to GHG emissions in the atmosphere causing climate change; whereas climate change impacts in developing countries have increased; whereas the resources they can mobilise for adaptation action to address the negative effects of climate change and achieve climate resilience and sustainable development are clearly insufficient;

Amendment 82 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital D h (new)

Dh. whereas the UNFCCC First Report on the Determination of the Needs of Developing Country Parties states that the costed needs of developing countries for implementing NDCs amount to between USD 5,8 and 5,9 trillion, of which USD 502 billion is identified as needs requiring international sources of finance;

Amendment 83 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital E

E. whereas the climate and biodiversity crises are interlinked, exacerbate each other and should be urgently tackled together; whereas according to the UN the land and ocean absorb around half of the greenhouse gas emission produced by human activities, and one-third of the mitigation efforts needed in the next decade could be delivered just by conserving and restoring nature1a; whereas nature-based solutions offer cost-effective ways to tackle the inter-linked crises of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution; __________________ 1a UNEP: https://wedocs.unep.org/xmlui/bitstream/h andle/20.500.11822/35360/NatClim.pdf

Amendment 84 #

Recital E

E. whereas the climate, pollution and biodiversity crises are interlinked, exacerbate each other and should be urgently tackled together, in the broader context of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs);

Amendment 85 #

Recital E

E. whereas the climate and biodiversity crises are interlinked, exacerbate each other and should be urgently tackled together, jointly with pollution and its impacts on climate change;

Amendment 86 #

Recital E

Amendment 87 #

Mohammed CHAHIM, Sara CERDAS, Heléne FRITZON, Javi LÓPEZ, Petar VITANOV, Milan BRGLEZ, Vera TAX, Achille VARIATI, Robert HAJŠEL

Recital E a (new)

Ea. whereas methane is responsible for approximately a third of current warming; whereas the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) published in its Sixth Assessment Report the finding that deep reductions in anthropogenic methane emissions are needed by 2030 to stay below 1,5° C;

Amendment 88 #

Recital E a (new)

Ea. whereas more than 90 per cent of disasters are water-related, with climate change hitting hardest through water1a; __________________ 1a from the press release ´ Historic UN conference marks watershed moment to tackle global water crisis and ensure water-secure future´, https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopme nt/blog/2023/03/press-release-historic-un- conference-marks-watershed-moment-to- tackle-global-water-crisis-and-ensure- water-secure-future/

Amendment 89 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital F

F. whereas there are scientifically proven interlinkages between health, and the environmental and climate crises; whereas the European Climate and Health Observatory identifies serious health effects from heat, wildfires, flooding, vector-borne diseases, water and food-borne diseases, pollution, air pollution, UV radiation, Aero-allergens, ground-level ozone, mental health effects and occupational safety and health effects; whereas extreme weather events, biodiversity loss, land degradation and water scarcity are displacing people and having a dramatic impact on their health;

Amendment 9 #

Catherine CHABAUD, Martin HOJSÍK, Frédérique RIES, Max ORVILLE

Citation 11 b (new)

Amendment 90 #

Recital F

F. whereas there are scientifically proven interlinkages between health, environmental and climate crises; whereas extreme weather events, biodiversity loss, land degradation and water scarcity are displacing people and having a dramatic impact on their health; whereas the outermost regions and islands are among the most affected by climate change in particular and in terms of sustainable development, in comparison to the rest of the EU and the rest of the developed world;

Amendment 91 #

Catherine CHABAUD, Martin HOJSÍK, Frédérique RIES, Max ORVILLE

Recital F

Amendment 92 #

Recital F a (new)

Fa. whereas, although the ocean plays a unique and vital role as a climate regulator in the context of the climate crisis - as it covers 71 % of the earth’s surface, produces half of our oxygen, absorbs a third of CO2 emissions and 90 % of the excess heat in the climate system1a - marine biodiversity is seriously endangered according to the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; whereas the European Environment Agency has issued warnings about the current state of degradation of the European marine environment and the need to rapidly restore our marine ecosystems by addressing the impact of human activities on the marine environment; whereas marine hotspots such as coral reefs, mangroves and seagrass beds are severely degraded and threatened by climate change and pollution; __________________ 1a UN Climate Action, ‘The ocean – the world’s greatest ally against climate change’.

Amendment 93 #

Catherine CHABAUD, Martin HOJSÍK, Frédérique RIES, Max ORVILLE

Recital F a (new)

Fa. whereas both the climate and biodiversity crises are rooted in resource extraction and overconsumption of natural resources;

Amendment 94 #

Recital F b (new)

Fb. whereas according to the United Nations Environment Programme, plastic pollution alter habitats and natural processes, reducing ecosystems’ ability to adapt to climate change, directly affecting millions of people’s livelihoods; whereas global plastic emissions are set to double to 44 Mt per year, and that in the absence of ambitious new policies, global plastic consumption will rise from 460 million tonnes in 2019 to 1231 million tonnes in 20601a; __________________ 1a OECD, Global plastic waste set to almost triple by 2060, June 2022

Amendment 95 #

Michal WIEZIK, Frédérique RIES

Recital G

G. whereas the energy crisis has brought into focus the issue of energy security and the need for energy demand reduction and a diversified energy system; whereas the Russian military invasion of Ukraine has added urgency to the need to rapidly transform the global energy system; whereas trade-offs exist in deployment of different technologies, whereas scenarios with the lowest bioenergy use have the highest land sink, and Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) competes with land-based removals; whereas climate change mitigation pathways with higher deployment of CCS increase water stress; whereas high renewable energy pathways stand a better chance of maximising the benefits1a; __________________ 1a European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change, 2023: Scientific advice for the determination of an EU-wide 2040 climate target and a greenhouse gas budget for 2030–2050 ( reference for all additions)

Amendment 96 #

Silvia MODIG, Mick WALLACE, Malin BJÖRK, Idoia VILLANUEVA RUIZ, Nikolaj VILLUMSEN, Manon AUBRY, Anja HAZEKAMP, Marisa MATIAS, Petros KOKKALIS

Recital G

Amendment 97 #

Recital G a (new)

Ga. whereas the European Council recognises the need for enhanced EU and global action on water and underlines the importance of a strategic EU approach to water security; whereas the UN world water development report 2023 recognises as good practice the water-oriented living labs to cooperate towards a Water-Smart Society, further efforts and visibility are required on water-related challenges and solutions both in terms of quality and quantity to contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation;

Amendment 98 #

Recital G a (new)

Amendment 99 #