Activities of Radan KANEV related to 2023/0081(COD)
Shadow opinions (1)
OPINION on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on establishing a framework of measures for strengthening Europe’s net-zero technology products manufacturing ecosystem (Net Zero Industry Act)
Amendments (34)
Amendment 31 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 1 a (new)
Recital 1 a (new)
(1a) The primary medium-term objective of European industrial policy is to enable European industry to implement the energy, climate, environmental and digital transitions, while preserving its competitiveness on the global market, maintaining jobs in Europe and strengthening its ability to innovate and produce in Europe, particularly with regard to clean technologies.
Amendment 58 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 64
Recital 64
(64) The scaling up of European net- zero technology industries as well as ensuring Europe’s open strategic autonomy and complementarity requires significant additional skilled workers which implies important investment needs in re-skilling and upskilling, including in the field of vocational education and training. This should contribute to the creation of quality jobs in line with the targets for employment and training of the European Pillar of Social Rights. The energy transition will require a significant increase in the number of skilled workers in a range of sectors, including renewable energy and energy storage, grid technologies, energy storage technologies, including, but not limited to battery production, IT/Smart solutions for energy system optimization and management, industrial decarbonization technologies and has a great potential for quality job creation. The skill needs for the fuel cell hydrogen sub-sector in manufacturing alone are estimated at 180.000 trained workers, technicians and engineers by the year 2030, according to the Commission’s European Strategic Energy Technology Plan65 . In the photo- voltaic solar energy sector, up to 66.000 jobs would be needed in manufacturing alone. The European network of employment services (EURES) is providing information, advice and recruitment or placement for the benefit of workers and employers, including across internal market borders. It is therefore of outmost importance to make these positions attractive and reachable, especially technical careers including through EU information campaigns to promote technical and vocational education, but also circular economy and resource management jobs and jobs related to industrial transformation and decarbonization. Responding to these needs while reaching the Union’s objectives in terms of climate neutrality requires a value chain approach whereby all successive industrial phases are taken into account, from the design of the product (or the service), to the manufacturing phase, including the recycling and reuse of materials, and whereby all the different professions across the value chain are considered. _________________ 65 European Commission, Directorate- General for Research and Innovation, Joint Research Centre, The strategic energy technology (SET) plan, Publications Office, 2019, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2777/04888.
Amendment 61 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 64 a (new)
Recital 64 a (new)
(64a) The absence of educational programmes that integrate net zero priorities in specific regions of the Union can create a significant bottleneck for sustainable industrial development by causing a scarcity of skilled employees and a lack of understanding within the local administration. Therefore, ensuring the widespread availability of educational activities with consistent quality across different geographical areas is of paramount importance.
Amendment 64 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 65
Recital 65
(65) Since strengthening the manufacturing capacity of key net-zero technologies in the Union will not be possible without a sizeable skilled workforce, it is necessary to introduce measures to boost the activation of more people to the labour market, notably women and young people not in employment, education or training (NEETs)and to make these sectors and the technical and circular economy careers concerned by this regulation more attractive , especially to women and young people not in employment, education or training (NEETs), to the workforce currently employed in regions in transition and to legally residing migrant workers, including via skills first approaches as a complement to qualifications-based recruitment. In addition, in line with the objectives of the Council Recommendation on ensuring a fair transition towards climate-neutrality, specific support for job- to-job transition for workers in redundant and declining sectors are important. This means investing in skills for all, while paying special attention to groups affected by the green and digital transitions such as workers in declining industries and currently employed in regions in transition, and in quality job creation required for net-zero technologies in the Union. Building on and fully taking into account existing initiatives such as the EU Pact for Skills, EU level activities on skills intelligence and forecasting, such as by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop), Eurofound and the European Labour Authority, and the Blueprints for sectoral cooperation on skills, the objective is to mobilise all actors: Member States authorities, including at regional and local levels, national research universities and universities of applied sciences and other education and training providers, social partners and industry, in particular SMEs, start-ups and social entrepreneurs, to identify skills needs, develop education and training programmes and deploy these at large scale in a fast and operational manner. Net-zero strategic projects have a key role to play in this regard. Member States and the Commission mayshould ensure financial support includingto deploy the impact and outreach of the Academies and by leveraging the possibilities of the Union budget through instruments such as the European Social Fund Plus, Just Transition Fund, European Regional Development Funds, the Recovery and Resilience Facility, the Modernisation Fund, REPowerEU and the Single Market Programme.
Amendment 73 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 66
Recital 66
(66) Building on previous experiences, such as the EU Pact for Skills and the European Battery Alliance, European Net- Zero Industry Academies should develop and deploy education and training content to upskill and reskill workers required for key net-zero technology value chains, such as solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies, marine renewable energy and hydrogen technologies and raw materials, carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) and industrial transformation and decarbonization. The scope and number of the academies should be determined by the Commission, the Member States and the social partners in the framework of the Net Zero Platform on the basis of an in-depth analysis of industrial transformation needs and trends, including regions in transition, Just transition plans, national recovery and resilience plans, guaranteeing, that they will be established in close proximity to areas with the highest needs for skills development that funding is available to all of them. Unless another actor is more relevant in a specific sector, the Commission should have the lead to set up a call for projects to create academies, following consultation of the Net Zero Platform. This should be without prejudice to the determining role that social partners and universities can also play in the creation of such academies, as was the case in the Battery Alliance. In any case, University alliances (such as Transform4Europe) should be given priority because of their international and interdisciplinary scope and the possibility to achieve more unified and common standards in training and re/upskilling activities and use of already existing research and teaching infrastructure. The academies should facilitate mobility through shared and/or co-developed educational and training programs, mobility of lecturers, study visits or EU cooperations for technology transfer etc. The academies would aim to enable the training and education of 100.000 learners each, within three years of their establishment, to contribute to the availability of skills required for the net- zero technologies, including in small and medium-sized enterprises, to offer educational programs covering technical, socio-economic and environmental aspects for employees in national and local administrations (particularly responsible for permitting, impact assessment and regulations of new technologies) and would contribute to reduce the disparities among Member States. That content should be developed and deployed with education and training providers in Member States, relevant Member States authorities and social partners. Education and training providers, industry and other actors involved in up- and reskilling in the Member States, such as Public Employment Services, should deliver the content produced by the academies. To ensure skills transparency and portability and the mobility of workers, the European Net-Zero Industry Academies will develop and deploy credentials, including micro- credentials, covering learning achievements. They should be issued in the format of European credentials for learning and could be integrated in EUROPASS and, where relevant, included in National Qualifications Frameworks. Member States are encouraged to support the continuous reskilling and upskilling offered via the academies and the relevant education and training providers in their territories through national programmes and Union funding, including from the European Social Fund Plus, the Recovery and Resilience Facility, the European Regional Development Fund, the Just Transition Mechanism, the Modernisation Fund and the Technical Support Instrument. The Net-Zero Europe Platform should assist in guiding the work of the Academies and providing oversight.
Amendment 93 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. Member States shall recognise as net-zero strategic projects net-zero technology manufacturing projects corresponding to a technology listed in the Annex and located in the Union that contributes to the realisation of the objectives set out in Article 1 of this Regulation and meet at least onetwo of the following criteria:
Amendment 106 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 (new)
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – subparagraph 1 (new)
Amendment 139 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. The Commission shall support, based on an in-depth analysis of transformation needs and trends, including regions in transition, Just transition plans, national recovery and resilience plans including through the provision of seed- funding, the establishment of European Net Zero Industry Academies, which have as their objectives to:
Amendment 140 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – point a
(a) develop learning programmes, content and learning and training materials on industrial transformation and decarbonisation for training and education on developing, producing, installing, commissioning, operating, maintaining and recycling net- zero technologies, on raw materials, as well as to support the capacities of public authorities competent to issue permits and authorisations referred to in Chapter II and contracting authorities referred to in Chapter IV of this Regulation;
Amendment 144 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – point b
(b) enable and promote the use of the learning programmes, content and materials by universities, including research universities universities of applied sciences and university alliances, education and training providers in the Member States, among others by training trainers and develop mechanisms to ensure the quality of the training offered by universities, education and training providers in the Member States as well as companies including SMEs startups and social entrepreneurs, based on the above learning programmes, content and materials;
Amendment 148 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
Article 23 – paragraph 1 – point c a (new)
(ca) contribute in the long term to reindustrialise the Union and to ensure its open strategic autonomy and complementarity as well as to respond to the demand for EU-made technologies;
Amendment 153 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 – paragraph 2
Article 23 – paragraph 2
2. European Net Zero Industry Academies shall counter gender stereotypes and pay particular attention to the need to activate more women and young people, who are not in education, employment or training for the labour market., as well as jobs in industries in decline or deep transformation, with special attention on employment in regions in transition
Amendment 157 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 23 a (new)
Article 23 a (new)
Article23a Set-up of European Net Zero Industry Academies Based on the analysis referred to in Article 23, the Commission, shall propose to the Member States and the social partners in the framework of the Net Zero Platform a framework of key industrial sectors, net-zero industries and regions with critical skills shortages, as compared to existing trends and needs in industrial transformation and new industrial growth. The Commission shall then set up a call for projects or otherwise impulse interests for the creation of Net Zero Academies in relevant regions, guaranteeing, inter alia, that they will be established in close proximity to areas with the highest needs for skills development for one or more net-zero industry sectors or industrial sectors in process of transformation and decarbonisation. The Academies shall be composed of industries where the use of net -zero technologies and/or technologies enabling industrial transformation and decarbonisation is key, as well as universities, education and training providers, and companies including SMEs, and aim where possible for geographical balance across Member States and linguistic diversity. The Net Zero Industry Academies shall be established by 31 December 2024 and shall start providing and disseminating initial learning content by 31 December2025.
Amendment 157 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 56
Recital 56
(56) In addition, given the importance of Net Zero Strategic Projects for the Union’s energy supply and for achieving the Union’s 2030 and 2050 objectives, embedded in the European Green Deal and respective legislations, certain administrative restrictions should be partly lifted or significantly simplified to speed up their implementation.
Amendment 159 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 24 – paragraph 1
Article 24 – paragraph 1
1. By 31 December 2024 and every two years thereafter, Member States shall identify whether the learning programmes developed by the European net-zero industry academies are equivalent to the specific qualifications required by the host Member State or region to access regulated activities within the scope of a profession with particular interest for the net-zero industry, industrial transformation and decarbonisation, with a view to harmonise the requested qualifications, including between technical and academic degrees. Member States shall ensure that the results of the assessments are made public and easily accessible online.
Amendment 163 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 57
Recital 57
(57) The environmental permitting, assessments and authorisations required under Union law, including in relation to water, air,emissions into water, air and soil, protection of ecosystems, habitats, biodiversity and birds, are an integral part of the permit granting procedure for a net zero technologies manufacturing project and an essential safeguard to ensure negative environmental impacts are prevented or minimised. However, to ensure that permit granting procedures for net zero technologies manufacturing projects are predictable and timelycorresponding to the Union’s 2030 and 2050 ambitions and strategic autonomy and complementarity objectives, any potential to streamline and accelerate the required assessments and authorisations while not lowering the level of environmental protection should be realised. In that regard, it should be ensured that the necessary assessments are bundled to prevent unnecessary overlap and it should be ensured that project promoters and responsible authorities explicitly agree on the scope of the bundled assessment before the assessment is carried out to prevent unnecessary follow-up.
Amendment 178 #
Proposal for a regulation
Recital 61
Recital 61
(61) Hydrogen Valleys with industrial end-use applications play an important role in decarbonising the energy-intensive industries. REPowerEU set the objective of doubling the number of Hydrogen Valleys in the Union. In order to achieve this objective, Member States should accelerate and simplify permitting and consider regulatory sandboxes and prioritise access to funding. To strengthen the net zero resilience, Member States should ensure the interconnection of Hydrogen Valleys across the Union’s borders. Industrial installations which produce their own energy, and which can provide a positive contribution to the production of electricity, should be encouraged to contribute to the smart electricity grid as energy producers by simplifying regulatory requirements.
Amendment 217 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 3 – paragraph 1 – point a
(a) ‘net-zero technologies’ means any technology the application of which contributes to climate change mitigation, including: renewable energy technologies66 ; electricity and heat storage technologies; heat pumps; grid technologies; renewable fuels of non- biological origin technologies; sustainable alternative fuels technologies67 ; electrolysers and fuel cells; advanced technologies to produce energy from nuclear processes with minimal waste from the fuel cycle, small modular reactors, and related best-in-class fuels; carbon capture, utilisation, and storage technologies; and energy-system related energy efficiency technologies; enabling technologies for the industrial transformation and decarbonisation of existing industries, aiming at 55% CO2 emissions reduction by 2030 and net-zero industry by 2050. They refer to the final products, specific components and specific machinery primarily used for the production of those products. They shall have reached a technology readiness level of at least 8. _________________ 66 ‘renewable energy' means ‘renewable energy’ as defined in Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources 67 ‘sustainable alternative fuels’ means fuels covered by the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on ensuring a level playing field for sustainable air transport, COM/2021/561 final and by the Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and Council on the use of renewable and low-carbon fuels in maritime transport COM/2021/562 final.
Amendment 320 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 7 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1
Article 7 – paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1
Where the obligation to assess the effects on the environment arises simultaneously from more than one of the following EU legislative acts: Directive 2011/92/EU, Directive 92/43/EEC, Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and the Council, Directive 2000/60/EC, Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and the Council68 , Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council69 , Directive 2010/75/EU or Directive 2012/18/EU of the European Parliament and the Council70 , the national competent authority shall provide for coordinated ora joint procedures fulfilling the requirements of that Union legislation. _________________ 68 Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2001 on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment (OJ L 197, 21.7.2001, p. 30). 69 Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives (OJ L 312, 22.11.2008, p. 3). 70 Directive 2012/18/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2012 on the control of major-accident hazards involving dangerous substances, amending and subsequently repealing Council Directive 96/82/EC (OJ L 197, 24.7.2012, p. 1).
Amendment 393 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – introductory part
1. Member States shall recognise as net-zero strategic projects net-zero technology manufacturing projects corresponding to a technology listed in the Annex or otherwise contributing significantly to climate change mitigation, achieving the Union’s 2030 and 2050 goals or industrial transformation and decarbonisation of existing industries and located in the Union that contributes to the realisation of the objectives set out in Article 1 of this Regulation and meet at least one of the following criteria:
Amendment 401 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – introductory part
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – introductory part
(b) the net-zero technology manufacturing project has positive impact on the Union’s net-zero industry supply chain or downstream sectors, beyond the project promoter and the Member States concerned, contributing to the competitiveness and quality job preservation or creation of the Union’s net-zero industry supply chain, according to at least threewo of the following criteria:
Amendment 404 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – point i
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – point i
(i) it adds or preserves significant manufacturing capacity in the Union for net-zero technologies;
Amendment 407 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – point ii
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – point ii
(ii) it manufactures technologies with improved sustainability and performance or helps transformation and decarbonisation of existing industries;
Amendment 409 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – point iii
Article 10 – paragraph 1 – point b – point iii
(iii) it puts into place measures to attract, upskill or reskill a workforce required for net-zero technologies, along with the workforce in existing industries under transformation, including through apprenticeships, in close cooperation with social partners;
Amendment 470 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 1 – point a
Article 13 – paragraph 1 – point a
(a) 96 months for the construction of net-zero strategic projects with a yearly manufacturing capacity of less than 1 GW;
Amendment 473 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 1 – point b
Article 13 – paragraph 1 – point b
(b) 129 months for the construction of net-zero strategic projects, with a yearly manufacturing capacity of more than 1 GW;
Amendment 476 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 2
Article 13 – paragraph 2
2. For net-zero strategic technologies for which a yearly manufacturing capacity is not measured in GW, the permit-granting process shall not exceed a time limit of 126 months.
Amendment 478 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 13 – paragraph 3
Article 13 – paragraph 3
3. For the expansion of manufacturing capacity in existing manufacturing facilities and industrial transformation and decarbonisation projects, the time limits referred to in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall be halved.
Amendment 571 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 2 a (new)
Article 18 – paragraph 2 a (new)
2a. Entities holding an authorisation as defined in paragraph 1 shall be able to meet their individual contribution to the Union-wide target for available CO2 injection capacity through making available injection capacity also in storages located in countries outside the EU, where bilateral agreements between the EU and that country provide for this.
Amendment 572 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 2 b (new)
Article 18 – paragraph 2 b (new)
2b. Within 12 months after entry into force of this Regulation, Member States shall announce a rolling plan to tender licences to explore for geological structures suitable to store CO2 permanently, based on national legislation requirements. In designing such tenders, Member States shall also consider including in their scope saline aquifers, where national legislation so allows.
Amendment 609 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 6
Article 18 – paragraph 6
6. Two years after the entry into force of the Regulation and every year thereafter, the entities referred to in paragraph 1 shall submit a report to the competent authority of the Member State or third country where a storage project is located and the Commission, detailing their progress towards meeting their contribution. The Commission shall make these reports public.
Amendment 612 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 6 a (new)
Article 18 – paragraph 6 a (new)
6a. The report shall list for each planned CO2 storage project the requirements which need to be met in order for the investment to be successfully undertaken by 2030. The requirements to be met in order for the investment to be successfully undertaken by 2030 shall include the commercial, financial, technical, legal, and environmental requirements that will need to assure, including but not limited to the following: i. the granting of relevant licenses or permits for the exploration of geological structures suitable for permanent CO2 storage, the use of such structures for CO2 storage and the infrastructure relevant to transport CO2 to the storage site and the timeline for such permitting procedure; ii. the conclusion of commercial contracts for CO2 storage services sufficiently confirming a market need for the storage capacity and providing a reasonable minimum return on the associated capital employed; iii. the relevant necessary legal provisions at EU and Member State level, including but not limited to: 1. CO2 accounting and liability rules regarding the capture, transport, storage, and transfer of storage ownership at the end of the injection period; 2. ratification of the 2009 amendment to the London Protocol, deposit of declaration of provisional application with the IMO; 3. relevant intergovernmental arrangements related to the establishment of cross-border CCS value chains; iv. binding commercial arrangements guaranteeing the operationality of the necessary infrastructure to transport sufficient amounts of CO2 from emitters to the storage site;
Amendment 616 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 6 b (new)
Article 18 – paragraph 6 b (new)
6b. Member States shall take the necessary measures to facilitate and incentivize that the requirements listed in paragraph 6a are met by the date needed. Such measures may include funding support for investors for needed infrastructure to transport CO2 to the storage site, and where needed direct funding of CO2 storage projects.
Amendment 617 #
Proposal for a regulation
Article 18 – paragraph 6 c (new)
Article 18 – paragraph 6 c (new)
6c. Where CO2 is captured and transported in one Member State and transported and stored in other Member States, Member States shall coordinate measures stated in paragraph 6b. The European Commission shall ensure and facilitate such coordination through the establishment of CCS Regional Groupings