Progress: Procedure completed
| Role | Committee | Rapporteur | Shadows |
|---|---|---|---|
| Former Responsible Committee | ENVI |
BLOCH VON BLOTTNITZ Undine-Uta ( Verts/ALE)
|
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
EC before Amsterdam E 100A
Legal Basis:
EC before Amsterdam E 100AEvents
In accordance with Directive 1999/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, the Commission presented a report on foods and food ingredients treated with ionizing radiation for the period 2016-2017.
Food irradiation is the treatment of foodstuffs by a certain type of radiant energy known as ionising radiation.
Directive 1999/2/EC (Framework Directive) on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning foods and food ingredients treated with ionising radiation lays down specific provisions for the manufacturing, marketing and importation of treated foods and food ingredients.
The report is based on information provided to the European Commission by 28 Member States in 2016 and 27 Member States in 2017. Malta has not provided any data for the year 2017.
The information and data contained in the report cover the following points:
Approved irradiation facilities in the Member States
Any food irradiated or containing irradiated ingredients must have been treated (irradiated) only at approved facilities. The list of approved irradiation facilities in Member States is published by the Commission in the Official Journal of the European Union. Any irradiated food or any irradiated food ingredient of a compound food must be labelled with the words ‘irradiated’ or ‘treated with ionising radiation’.
There are now 24 irradiation facilities in the EU. Two previously approved irradiation facilities have been closed in 2015.
The facilities are located in 14 Member States: five in France, four in Germany, two in Bulgaria, the Netherlands, and Spain, one in Belgium, Czech Republic, Croatia, Estonia, Italy, Hungary, Poland, Romania and United Kingdom.
Of those 14 Member States equipped with irradiation facilities, Bulgaria, Italy, Romania and the United Kingdom did not irradiate any foodstuffs over the period covered by this report
To enforce correct labelling or to detect non-authorised products, several analytical methods have been standardised by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN), following a mandate given by the European Commission.
Checks carried out in radiation facilities
A total quantity of 10 211 tonnes of products were treated with ionising irradiation in EU Member States during the years 2016 and 2017. The treatment took place mainly in two Member States: Belgium, which treated two thirds of the irradiated food of the EU (68%), and the Netherlands (13%).
The two main commodities irradiated in the EU are frog legs (ca 57%) and dried aromatic herbs, spices and vegetables seasoning (ca 21%).
Checks carried out at the marketing stage
For the period 2016-2017, 11 162 samples were analysed by 24 Member States, i.e. overall 7.02% less in average than in 2015.
From the total of 11 162 samples, 87 were not compliant (0.8%) and 113 samples (1%) gave inconclusive results. The non-compliance observed were mainly incorrect labelling and forbidden irradiation.
The percentage of non-compliance was lower than in the previous report.
At marketing stage, the majority of the products analysed were 'herbs and spices' (42%) and the 'cereals, seed, vegetables, fruit and their products' (22%). Under category 'Other' (foods supplements and soup and sauces) the percentage was 17%.
In accordance with Directive 1999/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, the Commission presented a report on foods and food ingredients treated with ionizing radiation. It covers the period 1 January to 31 December 2015.
The report is based on the checks carried out in the irradiation units the results of which the Member States send to the Commission each year.
Irradiation units : by 2015, there were 26 irradiation units approved in the European Union, located in 14 Member States (France, Germany, Spain, Bulgaria, Netherlands, Poland, Belgium, Czech Republic, Estonia, Croatia (new unit), Italy, Hungary, Romania and the United Kingdom. No approved radiation unit has been closed.
Treatment data: a total of 5 686 tonnes of produc ts (+ 9.7% compared with 2014) were processed by ionization in the EU Member States, 80% of them in 2 Member States, mainly Belgium 68.9%) and the Netherlands (11.1%). The two main products subject to ionization in the EU were frogs' legs (54.75%) and dried herbs, spices and vegetable condiments (16.10%).
Controls at the marketing stage: 5 973 samples were analysed by 24 Member States in 2015, an increase of 3.4% compared with 2014. Among the products analysed in the European Union in 2015, the two main categories are "herbs and spices" (45.6%) and "cereals, seeds, vegetables, fruits and their products"(21%). Germany has carried out the most inspections.
The checks carried out by Member States in 2015 show that virtually all the products checked were in compliance with EU legislation . The two main reasons for non-conformity of the samples analysed were the same as in previous years, namely incorrect labelling and ionisation treatment in irradiation units not approved by the Union.
In accordance with Directive 1999/2/EC, the Commission presents a report on food ingredients treated with ionising radiation covering the period from 1 January to 31 December 2013.
The report contains a compilation of the information forwarded to the Commission by 26 Member States. Malta and Croatia did not submit data for 2013. Croatia joined the EU as of 1 of July 2013.
The report shows tables and figures with the results of checks carried out in the approved irradiation facilities in Member States in 2013, in particular, regarding the categories and quantities of food and food ingredients treated and the doses administered. It also shows the results of the checks carried out at the product marketing stage and the methods used to detect treatment with ionising radiation.
In 2013, 25 approved irradiation facilities were operational in 13 Member States, and one new irradiation facility has been approved in Spain. No approved irradiation facilities have been closed.
Products treated : a total quantity of 6876 tonnes of products were treated with ionising irradiation in EU Member States, 84% of which were irradiated mainly in three Member States: Belgium (49.4%), Netherlands (24.4%) and Spain (12.7%). The two main commodities irradiated are frog legs (46.4%) and dried aromatic herbs and spices (24.4%). There has been a decrease of 14% in the total quantity of products irradiated in the EU compared to the previous year 2012 (7972 tonnes).
Marketing stage : 26 Member States submitted information regarding the checks carried out at the product marketing stage. Four Member States did not perform any analytical checks in official controls and inspections in 2013.
Analysed samples : a total of 5713 samples have been analysed by 22 Member States in 2013. Three Member States accounted for 66% of the samples (Germany 50.5%, Italy 9.7% and the Netherlands 6.3%. In 2012: Germany 52.4%, the Netherlands 7.2% and United Kingdom 6.2%).
Germany remains the leader in terms of controlling food products at marketing stage. 5511 samples (96.5%) were compliant with the provisions of Directive 1999/2/EC, 130 samples (2.3%) were non-compliant, and 73 samples 1.5%) gave inconclusive results. The two main reasons for non-compliance of tested samples were similar to the previous years, namely, incorrect labelling and forbidden irradiation. Non-compliance was also due to irradiation in facilities not approved by the EU. Reasons for non-compliance are given in each table reporting the tests carried out in each Member State.
In accordance with Directive 1999/2/EC, the Commission presented a report on food ingredients treated with ionising radiation for the year 2012. The report contains a compilation of the information forwarded to the Commission by 27 Member States.
Irradiation facilities : according to the information submitted by the Member States, the controls carried out by the competent authorities confirmed the compliance of the approved irradiation facilities with the requirements of Directive 1999/2/EC.
In 2012, 24 approved irradiation facilities were operational in 13 Member States in accordance with Article 7(2) of Directive 1999/2/EC. No new irradiation facilities have been approved. No approved irradiation facilities have been closed. Five irradiation facilities did not irradiate any food during 2012.
Quantity of products treated : a total quantity of 7972 tonnes of products were treated with ionising irradiation in EU Member States, 91% of which were irradiated mainly in three Member States: Belgium (64.7%), Netherlands (18.5%) and France (7.7%). The three biggest commodities within the irradiated categories are: frog legs (36%), poultry (35%) and dried aromatic herbs and spices (15%). There has been a slight decrease in the total quantity of products irradiated in the EU compared to the previous year 2011 (8067.5 tonnes).
Checks at the product marketing stage : 27 Member States submitted information regarding the checks carried out at the product marketing stage. Five Member States did not perform any analytical checks in official control and inspection in 2012: Denmark, Estonia, Greece, Cyprus and Sweden.
Analysed samples : a total of 5182 samples have been analysed by 22 Member States, three Member States accounted for 66% of the samples (Germany 52.4%, the Netherlands 7.2%, and United Kingdom 6.2%). 4.979 samples (96.1%) were compliant with the provisions of the Directive, 123 samples (2.4%) were non-compliant, 80 samples (1.5%) gave inconclusive results.
The two main reasons for non-compliance of tested samples were incorrect labelling and forbidden irradiation ; non-compliance was also due to irradiation in facilities not approved by the EU. Reasons for noncompliance are given in each table reporting the tests carried out in each Member State.
This report on food and food ingredients treated with ionising radiation covers the period 1 January to 31 December 2011. It gathers together the information forwarded to the Commission by 25 Member States. Bulgaria and Malta did not supply any information.
In accordance with Directive 1999/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, the Member States shall transfer to the Commission each year: (a) the results of checks carried out in irradiation facilities, in particular regarding the categories and quantities of food and food ingredients treated and the doses administered and (b) the results of checks carried out at the product marketing stage and the methods used to detect treatment with ionising radiation.
According to Directive 1999/2/EC, food and food ingredients may be irradiated only in approved irradiation facilities. For facilities in the EU, approval is given by the competent authorities of the Member States.
Irradiation of food and food ingredients may only be carried out by means of the following sources: (a) gamma rays from radionuclides 60Co or 137Cs; (b) x-rays generated from machine sources operated at or below a nominal energy (maximum quantum energy) level of 5 MeV; (c) electrons generated from machine sources operated at or below a nominal energy (maximum quantum energy) level of 10 MeV.
The following are the main conclusions of the report:
· In 2011, 24 approved irradiation facilities were operational in 13 Member States in accordance with Article 7(2) of Directive 1999/2/EC. No new irradiation facilities have been approved. No approved irradiation facilities have been closed. Five irradiation facilities did not irradiate any food during 2011 (no data was submitted for the two facilities in Bulgaria).
· A total quantity of 8 067.5 tonnes of products were treated with ionising irradiation in the Member States, 90.45 % of which were irradiated in three Member States: Belgium (62.36%), the Netherlands (19.48%) and France (8.61%). The three biggest fractions within the irradiated categories are frog legs (48.52%), poultry (19.89%) and dried aromatic herbs and spices (14.98%).
· There has been a slight decrease in the total quantity of products irradiated in the EU compared to 2010 (9 263.4 tonnes). In France, there was a significant reduction in the quantity of dried aromatic herbs, spices and vegetable seasonings as well as in the quantity of poultry meat treated with ionising radiation: 65% and 75% respectively. In the Netherlands, there was a 2.85% increase in the total quantity of products treated with ionising radiation, mainly due to a sharp increase of the quantity of egg whites irradiated in 2011.
· 25 Member States submitted information regarding the checks carried out at the product marketing stage. One Member State did not perform any analytical checks in official control and inspection due to the fact that it does not have laboratories to carry out the analysis and that sending samples to be analysed abroad would be too expensive.
· A total of 5 397 samples have been analysed by 24 Member States, three Member States accounted for 67.4% of the samples (Germany 54%, Italy 7.8%, and the Netherlands 5.6%). 5 232 samples (97%) were compliant with the provisions of the Directives, 105 samples (2%) were non-compliant, 60 samples (1%) gave inconclusive results.
· Reasons for inconclusive results are most often related to non-confirmation after positive results from screening tests and/or to the difficulty to determine which of the ingredients were irradiated, even if they are labelled, in composed foodstuffs. The two main reasons for non-compliance of tested samples are incorrect labelling and forbidden irradiation; non-compliance is also due to irradiation in facilities not approved by the EU.
In accordance with the requirements of Directive 1999/2/EC, the Commission presents a report on foods and food ingredients treated with ionising radiation. The report covers the period from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2009 . It recalls that the Directive requires Member States to forward to the Commission every year:
· the results of checks carried out in irradiation facilities, in particular regarding the categories and quantities of food and food ingredients treated and the doses administered and
· the results of checks carried out at the product marketing stage and the methods used to detect treatment with ionising radiation;
· the details of the approved irradiation facilities in the Member States as well as any changes in their status;
· a report on the information provided by the national supervisory authorities.
The report contains in mainly tabular form a compilation of the information forwarded to the Commission by the 27 Member States. It sets out the results of the checks carried out in irradiation facilities, in particular regarding the categories and quantities of products treated and the doses administered. According to the information submitted by the Member States, the controls carried out by the competent authorities confirmed the compliance of the approved irradiation facilities with the requirements of Directive 1999/2/EC.
In 2009, 20 approved irradiation facilities were operational in 12 Member States in accordance with Article 7(2) of Directive 1999/2/EC. One approved irradiation facility has been closed. Five irradiation facilities did not irradiate any food during 2009.
A total quantity of 6 637.17 tonnes of products were treated with ionising irradiation in the Member States, 84.5% of which were irradiated in three Member States (Belgium, France and the Netherlands). The four biggest fractions within the irradiated categories are frog parts, herbs and spices, poultry and dehydrated products (respectively: 42.80%, 23.78%, 18.59%, 10.15%).
27 Member States submitted information regarding the checks carried out at the product marketing stage. Three Member States did not perform any analytical checks in official control and inspection.
A total of 6 265 samples have been taken by 24 Member States. Three Member States accounted for 68.4% of the samples (Germany 50.58%, The Netherlands 12.31%, United Kingdom 5.51%). 6,045 samples (96.49%) were compliant with the provisions of the Directives. 127 samples (2.03%) were non compliant.
Reasons for non-compliance are most often related to incorrect labelling and irradiation of categories for which this is not authorised. 93 samples (1.48%) gave inconclusive results. Reasons for inconclusive results are most often related to non-confirmation after positive results from screening tests and/or to the difficulty to determine which of the ingredients were irradiated in composite foodstuffs, even if they are labelled.
In accordance with the requirements of Directive 1999/2/EC, the Commission presents a report on foods and food ingredients treated with ionising radiation. The report covers the period from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2010 . It recalls that the Directive requires Member States to forward to the Commission every year:
· the results of checks carried out in irradiation facilities, in particular regarding the categories and quantities of food and food ingredients treated and the doses administered and
· the results of checks carried out at the product marketing stage and the methods used to detect treatment with ionising radiation;
· the details of the approved irradiation facilities in the Member States as well as any changes in their status;
· a report on the information provided by the national supervisory authorities.
The report contains in mainly tabular form a compilation of the information forwarded to the Commission by the 27 Member States. It sets out the results of the checks carried out in irradiation facilities, in particular regarding the categories and quantities of products treated and the doses administered. According to the information submitted by the Member States, the controls carried out by the competent authorities confirmed the compliance of the approved irradiation facilities with the requirements of Directive 1999/2/EC.
In 2010, 24 approved irradiation facilities were operational in 13 Member States in accordance with Article 7(2) of Directive 1999/2/EC. One irradiation facility has been approved by Bulgaria and one by Estonia during 2010. No approved irradiation facilities have been closed. Seven irradiation facilities did not irradiate any food during 2010.
A total of 9 263.4 tonnes of products were treated with ionising irradiation in the Member States, 88.55 % of which were irradiated in three Member States: Belgium (63.11 %), the Netherlands (16.63 %) and France (11.06 %). The three biggest fractions within the irradiated categories are frog legs (47.67%), poultry (22.5 %) and herbs and spices (15.86 %).
27 Member States submitted information regarding the checks carried out at the product marketing stage. Three Member States did not perform any analytical checks in official control and inspection.
A total of 6 244 samples have been taken by 24 Member States, three Member States accounted for 69.17% of the samples (Germany 52.16 %, the Netherlands 10.47 %, and United Kingdom 6.53 %). 6,052 samples (96.92 %) were compliant with the provisions of the Directives. 144 samples (2.3 %) were non compliant.
Reasons for non-compliance are most often related to incorrect labelling and irradiation of categories for which this is not authorised. 48 samples (0.77 %) gave inconclusive results. Reasons for inconclusive results are most often related to non-confirmation after positive results from screening tests and/or to the difficulty to determine which of the ingredients were irradiated, even if they are labelled, in composed foodstuffs.
In accordance with the requirements of the e Directive 1999/2/EC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning foods and food ingredients treated with ionising radiation, the Commission presents a report giving the details of the approved irradiation facilities in the Member States as well as any changes in their status, and information provided by the national supervisory authorities.
The current report covers the period from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2008. It contains a compilation of the information forwarded to the Commission by the 27 Member States.
In 2008, 23 approved irradiation facilities were operational in 12 Member States in accordance with Article 7(2) of Directive 1999/2/EC. One irradiation facility has been approved. No approved irradiation facilities have been closed. Six irradiation facilities did not irradiate any food during 2008. A total quantity of 8,718.4 tonnes of products were treated with ionising irradiation in the Member States, 88.55 % of which were irradiated in three Member States: Belgium (41.19 %), the Netherlands (35.61 %) and France (10.85 %). The three biggest fractions within the irradiated categories are frog legs (28.16 %), herbs and spices (19.95 %) and poultry (18.97 %). 27 Member States submitted information regarding the checks carried out at the product marketing stage. Three Member States performed no analytical checks in official control and inspection. One of these Member States signalled that under its national legislation food business operators should carry out their own checks to ensure that rules on food irradiation, and other food law, are complied with. A total of 6.220 samples have been taken by 24 Member States, three Member States accounted for 70.57% of the samples (Germany 55%, Ireland 7.78% and the Netherlands 7.79%). 6.004 samples (96.53 %) were compliant with the provisions of the Directives. 142 samples (2.28 %) were non compliant. Reasons for non compliance are most often related to incorrect labelling and irradiation of categories for which this is not authorised. 74 samples (1.19 %) gave inconclusive results. Reasons for inconclusive results are most often related to non-confirmation after positive results from screening tests and/or to the difficulty to determine which of the ingredients were irradiated, even if they are labelled, in composed foodstuffs.
Commissioner Bjerregaard stated that she could accept almost none of Parliament’s amendments. In particular she rejected Amendments Nos 1, 2 (in part), 5, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32 and 33 and the first part of Amendments Nos 3, 4, 7 and 12.
Documents
- Follow-up document: COM(2021)0079
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2019)0454
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2016)0738
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2015)0069
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2014)0052
- Follow-up document: COM(2012)0659
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2012)0016
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2012)0017
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2011)0359
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: C(2009)7395
- Follow-up document: COM(2004)0069
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2002)0549
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex
- Final act published in Official Journal: Directive 1999/2
- Final act published in Official Journal: OJ L 066 13.03.1999, p. 0016
- Text adopted by Parliament, 3rd reading: OJ C 128 07.05.1999, p. 0014-0066
- Text adopted by Parliament, 3rd reading: T4-0051/1999
- Decision by Parliament, 3rd reading: T4-0051/1999
- Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
- Report tabled for plenary by Parliament delegation to Conciliation Committee, 3rd reading: A4-0008/1999
- Report tabled for plenary by Parliament delegation to Conciliation Committee, 3rd reading: OJ C 128 07.05.1999, p. 0002
- Report tabled for plenary, 3rd reading: A4-0008/1999
- Joint text approved by Conciliation Committee co-chairs: 3631/1998
- Joint text approved by Conciliation Committee co-chairs: 3631/1998
- Commission opinion on Parliament's position at 2nd reading: EUR-Lex
- Commission opinion on Parliament's position at 2nd reading: COM(1998)0188
- Text adopted by Parliament, 2nd reading: OJ C 080 16.03.1998, p. 0084-0130
- Text adopted by Parliament, 2nd reading: T4-0077/1998
- Decision by Parliament, 2nd reading: T4-0077/1998
- Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
- Committee recommendation tabled for plenary, 2nd reading: A4-0042/1998
- Committee recommendation tabled for plenary, 2nd reading: OJ C 080 16.03.1998, p. 0005
- Committee recommendation tabled for plenary, 2nd reading: A4-0042/1998
- Commission communication on Council's position: EUR-Lex
- Commission communication on Council's position: SEC(1997)2043
- Council position: 09389/1/1997
- Council position: OJ C 389 22.12.1997, p. 0036
- Council position published: 09389/1/1997
- Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0015-0033
- Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading: T3-0683/1993
- Decision by Parliament, 1st reading: T3-0683/1993
- Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0003
- Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: A3-0365/1993
- Committee report tabled for plenary confirming Parliament's position: A3-0365/1993
- Reconsultation: EUR-Lex
- Reconsultation: COM(1993)0570
- Modified legislative proposal: EUR-Lex
- Modified legislative proposal: OJ C 303 02.12.1989, p. 0015
- Modified legislative proposal: COM(1989)0576
- Modified legislative proposal published: EUR-Lex
- Modified legislative proposal published: COM(1989)0576
- Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 291 20.11.1989, p. 0038-0067
- Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading: T3-0083/1989
- Decision by Parliament, 1st reading: T3-0083/1989
- Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 291 20.11.1989, p. 0006
- Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: A3-0029/1989
- Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading: A3-0029/1989
- Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report: CES0678/1989
- Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report: OJ C 194 31.07.1989, p. 0014
- Legislative proposal: EUR-Lex
- Legislative proposal: OJ C 336 30.12.1988, p. 0007
- Legislative proposal: COM(1988)0654
- Legislative proposal published: EUR-Lex
- Legislative proposal published: COM(1988)0654
- Legislative proposal: EUR-Lex OJ C 336 30.12.1988, p. 0007 COM(1988)0654
- Economic and Social Committee: opinion, report: CES0678/1989 OJ C 194 31.07.1989, p. 0014
- Committee report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 291 20.11.1989, p. 0006 A3-0029/1989
- Text adopted by Parliament, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 291 20.11.1989, p. 0038-0067 T3-0083/1989
- Modified legislative proposal: EUR-Lex OJ C 303 02.12.1989, p. 0015 COM(1989)0576
- Reconsultation: EUR-Lex COM(1993)0570
- Committee final report tabled for plenary, 1st reading/single reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0003 A3-0365/1993
- Text adopted by Parliament confirming position adopted at 1st reading: OJ C 342 20.12.1993, p. 0015-0033 T3-0683/1993
- Council position: 09389/1/1997 OJ C 389 22.12.1997, p. 0036
- Commission communication on Council's position: EUR-Lex SEC(1997)2043
- Committee recommendation tabled for plenary, 2nd reading: A4-0042/1998 OJ C 080 16.03.1998, p. 0005
- Text adopted by Parliament, 2nd reading: OJ C 080 16.03.1998, p. 0084-0130 T4-0077/1998
- Commission opinion on Parliament's position at 2nd reading: EUR-Lex COM(1998)0188
- Joint text approved by Conciliation Committee co-chairs: 3631/1998
- Report tabled for plenary by Parliament delegation to Conciliation Committee, 3rd reading: A4-0008/1999 OJ C 128 07.05.1999, p. 0002
- Text adopted by Parliament, 3rd reading: OJ C 128 07.05.1999, p. 0014-0066 T4-0051/1999
- Follow-up document: COM(2002)0549 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2004)0069 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: C(2009)7395
- Follow-up document: COM(2011)0359 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2012)0016 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2012)0017 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2012)0659 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: EUR-Lex COM(2014)0052
- Follow-up document: COM(2015)0069 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2016)0738 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2019)0454 EUR-Lex
- Follow-up document: COM(2021)0079 EUR-Lex
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