2018/2088(INI) Comprehensive European industrial policy on artificial intelligence and robotics
Lead committee dossier:
Progress: Procedure completed
| Role | Committee | Rapporteur | Shadows |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lead | ITRE |
FOX Ashley ( ECR)
|
SAUDARGAS Algirdas ( PPE),
KAILI Eva ( S&D),
NAGTEGAAL Caroline ( ALDE),
BÜTIKOFER Reinhard ( Verts/ALE),
TAMBURRANO Dario ( EFDD),
KAPPEL Barbara ( ENF)
|
| Committee Opinion | ENVI |
PIECHA Bolesław G. ( ECR)
|
Stefan ECK ( GUE/NGL),
Elena GENTILE ( S&D),
Miroslav MIKOLÁŠIK ( PPE)
|
| Committee Opinion | EMPL | ||
| Committee Opinion | REGI | ||
| Committee Opinion | LIBE |
BONI Michał ( PPE)
|
Daniel DALTON ( ECR)
|
| Committee Opinion | IMCO |
CHARANZOVÁ Dita ( ALDE)
|
Antanas GUOGA ( PPE),
Marcus PRETZELL ( ENF),
Catherine STIHLER ( S&D)
|
| Committee Opinion | JURI |
DELVAUX Mady ( S&D)
|
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
RoP 54
Legal Basis:
RoP 54Subjects
Events
2019/07/17
EC - Commission response to text adopted in plenary
Documents
2019/02/12
EP - Results of vote in Parliament
Documents
2019/02/12
EP - Decision by Parliament
Details
The European Parliament adopted by 572 votes to 54 with 45 abstentions a resolution on a comprehensive European industrial policy on artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics.
Members pointed out that AI and robotics drive innovation, leading to new business models and playing a key role in transforming societies and digitising economies in many sectors, such as industry, health care, construction and transport. Parliament stated at the same time, that AI and robotics should be developed and deployed in a human-centred approach with the aim of supporting humans at work and at home.
It made a series of recommendations.
Labour in the era of artificial intelligence and robotics
Automation combined with artificial intelligence will increase productivity and thus increase output. Some jobs will be replaced but new jobs will also be created. As citizens of all ages will be impacted, Members stressed that education curricula must be adapted, including through the establishment of new learning paths and the use of new delivery technologies. In particular the need for digital skills, including coding, should be included in teaching and training from the early school years to life-long learning.
Members recommended that Member States, alongside private sector actors, identify the risks and develop strategies to ensure that relevant retraining and reskilling programmes are developed for workers in the industries most affected by the automation of tasks.
Malicious use of artificial intelligence
Parliament highlighted the fact that malicious or negligent use of AI could threaten digital security and physical and public safety, as it could be used to attacks on information society services and connected machinery,. It called on the Commission to:
- propose a framework that penalises perception manipulation practices when personalised content or news feeds lead to negative feelings and distortion of the perception of reality that might lead to negative consequences (for example, election outcomes, or distorted perceptions on social matters such as migration);
- take note of the social challenges arising from practices resulting from the ranking of citizens, who should not be subjected to discrimination on the basis of their ranking.
The technological path towards artificial intelligence and robotics
Parliament welcomed the Commission's proposal for the Digital Europe Programme and the budget of EUR 2.5 billion pledged to Artificial Intelligence, as well as the increase in funding under the Horizon 2020 programme. It emphasised that AI research must invest not only in technology and innovation, but also AI-related social, ethical and liability areas, and any AI model deployed should have ethics by design.
Members recommended greater investment in this field in order to remain competitive and facilitate access to credible information addressing the main concerns about AI and robotics such as privacy, safety and transparency in decision-making. They also underlined that a rapid, safe and secure development of 5G is essential to guarantee that the Union can reap the full benefits of AI and protect against cyber security threats.
Industrial policy
Members recommended the use and promotion of public-private partnerships to explore solutions to key challenges while emphasising the need to standardize the design and use of AI systems.
Parliament stressed the importance of concentrating public support for AI on the strategic sectors in which European industry has the greatest opportunities to play a leading role at a global level and which have added value in the general public interest such as public sector, health, energy, transport, agriculture and the food chain, cybersecurity and SMEs.
Legal framework
In order to promote a regulatory environment conducive to the development of AI, Members asked the Commission to regularly re-evaluate existing legislation in order to ensure that it is it is fit for purpose with respect to AI while also respecting EU fundamental values. Parliament noted, at the same time, that AI is a notion encompassing a wide range of products and applications, from automation, algorithms and narrow artificial intelligence to general artificial intelligence. Accordingly, a comprehensive law or regulation on AI should be approached with caution, as sectoral regulation may provide policies that are general enough but also refined up to the level where they are meaningful for the industrial sector.
Ethical aspects
Parliament called for the creation of an ethical charter of best practice for AI and robotics that companies and experts should follow. It called on the Commission to:
- ensure that applications based on AI should not use data collected from various sources without first receiving the consent of the data subject;
- create a framework that makes sure that consent given by the data subject will generate data only for the intended purposes;
- respect the right of citizens to an offline life and to ensure that there is no discrimination against citizens on whom no data has been recorded.
The resolution stressed that ethical rules must be in place to ensure human-centric AI development, the accountability and transparency of algorithmic decision-making systems, clear liability rules and fairness.
Governance
Members called on the Commission and the Member States to consider the creation of a European regulatory agency for AI and algorithmic decision-making tasked, inter alia, with: (i) establishing a risk assessment matrix for classifying algorithm types and application domains according to their potential for a significant negative impact on citizens; (ii) investigating the use of algorithmic systems where a case of infringement of human rights is suspected (with evidence provided by a whistle-blower, for example); (iii) enhancing the effectiveness of the tort liability mechanism; (iv) auditing the AIAs of high-level impact systems to approve or reject the proposed uses of algorithmic decision-making in highly sensitive and/or safety-critical application domains (private health-care, for instance).
Lastly, Parliament stressed the different models being developed in third countries, specifically in the US, China, Russia and Israel, and highlighted the values-based approach used in Europe and the need to work with international partners in bilateral and multilateral settings, for the ethical advancement and adoption of AI.
Documents
2019/02/12
EP - End of procedure in Parliament
2019/02/11
EP - Debate in Parliament
Documents
2019/01/30
EP - Committee report tabled for plenary, single reading
Documents
2019/01/30
EP - Committee report tabled for plenary
Documents
2019/01/14
EP - Vote in committee
2018/12/13
EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2018/12/12
EP - Specific opinion
Documents
2018/12/10
EP - Amendments tabled in committee
Documents
2018/12/07
EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2018/11/21
EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2018/11/14
EP - Committee draft report
Documents
2018/10/23
EP - FOX Ashley (ECR) appointed as rapporteur in ITRE
2018/06/20
EP - BONI Michał (PPE) appointed as rapporteur in LIBE
2018/06/14
EP - Committee referral announced in Parliament
2018/06/14
EP - Referral to associated committees announced in Parliament
2018/05/16
EP - CHARANZOVÁ Dita (ALDE) appointed as rapporteur in IMCO
2018/05/15
EP - DELVAUX Mady (S&D) appointed as rapporteur in JURI
2018/05/02
EP - PIECHA Bolesław G. (ECR) appointed as rapporteur in ENVI
Documents
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2019)327
- Results of vote in Parliament: Results of vote in Parliament
- Decision by Parliament: T8-0081/2019
- Debate in Parliament: Debate in Parliament
- Committee report tabled for plenary, single reading: A8-0019/2019
- Committee report tabled for plenary: A8-0019/2019
- Committee opinion: PE629.403
- Specific opinion: PE631.777
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE631.926
- Committee opinion: PE631.809
- Committee opinion: PE623.609
- Committee draft report: PE630.525
- Committee draft report: PE630.525
- Committee opinion: PE623.609
- Committee opinion: PE631.809
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE631.926
- Specific opinion: PE631.777
- Committee opinion: PE629.403
- Committee report tabled for plenary, single reading: A8-0019/2019
- Commission response to text adopted in plenary: SP(2019)327
Activities
- Pavel TELIČKA
- Ashley FOX
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Eugen FREUND
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Barbara KAPPEL
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Notis MARIAS
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Alex MAYER
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Algirdas SAUDARGAS
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Dobromir SOŚNIERZ
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Adam SZEJNFELD
Plenary Speeches (1)
- Claudiu Ciprian TĂNĂSESCU
Plenary Speeches (1)
Votes
A8-0019/2019 - Ashley Fox - Résolution #
2019/02/12 Outcome: +: 572, -: 54, 0: 45
NI| Amendments | Dossier |
| 466 |
2018/2088(INI)
2018/09/07
ENVI
59 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas artificial intelligence (AI) is to become a technological, economic, social and obviously psychological and ethical revolution not only in Europe but also all over the world;
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas AI is key to turning Europe into a ‘start-up continent’ by exploiting the latest technologies to generate growth in Europe, in particular in the areas of health technology, healthcare services and programmes, drug discovery, robotic and robot-assisted surgery, and medical imaging and records; whereas Europe is currently lagging behind North America and Asia in terms of research and patents in the field of artificial intelligence;
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas AI is key to turning Europe into a ‘start-up continent’ by exploiting the latest technologies to generate growth in Europe, making it possible to anticipate socio-economic changes, in particular in the areas of health technology, healthcare services and programmes, and hence the reorganisation of healthcare and health systems, drug discovery, robotic and robot- assisted surgery, treatment of chronic diseases, and medical imaging and records;
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas AI is key to turning Europe into a ‘start-up continent’ by exploiting the latest technologies to generate growth in Europe, in particular in the areas of health technology, healthcare services and programmes, drug discovery, robotic and robot-assisted surgery, and medical imaging and records as well as securing sustainable environment and safe food production;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas AI is key, in industry and services associated with high technology, to turning Europe into a ‘start-up continent’ by exploiting the latest technologies to generate growth in Europe, in particular in the areas of health technology, healthcare services and programmes, drug discovery, robotic and robot-assisted surgery, and medical imaging and records;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Recital C C. whereas the development of AI technologies m
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Recital C C. whereas the development of AI technologies may help to improve the lives of people with chronic illnesses and disabilities and address
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas there is a broad catalogue of possible applications of the artificial intelligence and robotics in medical care, such as: managing medical records and rata, performing repetitive jobs (analysing tests, X-Rays, CT scans, data entry), treatment design, digital consultation (such as medical consultation based on personal medical history and common medical knowledge), virtual nurses, medication management, drug creation, precision medicine (as genetics and genomics look for mutations and links to disease from the information in DNA), health monitoring, healthcare system analysis, etc.;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas accessibility does not mean same services and appliances for all; whereas the accessibility of AI and robotics is based on inclusive planning and design; whereas the user’s needs, wishes and experiences need to be the starting point of the design;
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas there are strong ethical and legal concerns about the autonomy of robots and their impact on the doctor- patient relationship which have not yet been properly addressed at EU level, in particular as regards the protection of patients’ personal data, liability, and the new economic and employment relationships that will be brought about;
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas there are strong ethical concerns about the autonomy of robots and their impact on the doctor-patient relationship and on health in the workplace as AI tools can create isolation of the workers and a deterioration of working conditions notably due to a loss of autonomy or due to an increased intensification of the work;
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas artificial intelligence (AI) is to become a technological, economic
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas there are strong ethical concerns about the autonomy of robots and their impact on the doctor-patient relationship; whereas, more generally, there is a need to construct a legal and ethical framework for artificial intelligence;
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas there are strong ethical and psychological concerns about the autonomy of robots, with their obvious lack of human empathy, and their impact on the doctor-patient relationship;
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas there are strong ethical concerns about the
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas there are very strong ethical concerns about the autonomy of robots and their impact on the doctor- patient relationship;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Recital D a (new) Aa. whereas the introduction of artificial intelligence in the area of health in particular must always be based on the 'man operates machine' principle of responsibility;
Amendment 25 #
Da. whereas Europe and some Member States are already lagging far behind in the field of AI;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Recital D a (new) Da. whereas the risks of AI have not been studied enough;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Recital D b (new) Db. whereas the example of other countries forging ahead in the field of AI is proof of a very serious disregard for ethical issues;
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph –1 (new) -1. Underlines that any revolutionary technological progress, particularly in the field of AI and robotics, shall serve human wellbeing;
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph –1 a (new) -1a. Stresses that AI systems and robots are innovative technological means to improve people´s lives, grow the economy, and address challenges in health, environment, climate change, food safety among many others with human agent being always responsible for their use;
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas artificial intelligence (AI)
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up a fully comprehensive EU Action Plan aimed at creating a European ‘artificial intelligence ecosystem’
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up a fully comprehensive EU Action Plan aimed at creating a European ‘artificial intelligence ecosystem’; believes that such an action plan will also need to cover matters related to the environmental sustainability of the production and disposal of AI devices and their use in healthcare contexts;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up a fully comprehensive EU Action Plan aimed at creating a European ‘artificial intelligence ecosystem’; calls for public and private enterprises in the Member States to occupy a significantly more prominent place in international research into AI;
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up a fully comprehensive EU Action Plan aimed at creating a European ‘artificial intelligence ecosystem’ to encourage coordination and hence exploit the socio-economic development opportunities being opened up for the EU by this new field;
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and the Member States urgently to draw up a fully comprehensive EU Action Plan aimed at creating a European ‘artificial intelligence ecosystem’ and an environment which does not inhibit innovative VSEs and SMEs;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up a fully comprehensive EU Action Plan aimed at creating a European ‘artificial intelligence ecosystem’ in association with all relevant stakeholders including patient advocacy groups;
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up a fully comprehensive EU Action Plan aimed at creating a European ‘artificial intelligence ecosystem
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 – point 1 (new) (1) Special attention should be paid to the use of "big data" in health with the aim to maximise the opportunities it can bring - such as improving the health of individual patients as well as the performance of Member States' public health systems - without lowering ethical standards and without attempting against the privacy or safety of citizens;
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Warns strongly against any attempt to equip machines employing artificial intelligence with some kind of 'personality', thereby exonerating producers such as the people who operate them from responsibility;
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Calls on the Council and the Commission to restrict the amount of time that 'artificial intelligence' and robotics are used on people in the health sector and in care and to guarantee that personal care continues to be provided by human carers;
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas artificial intelligence (AI) is
Amendment 40 #
2. Stresses, however, that the existing system for the approval of medical devices is not
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Stresses, however, that the existing system for the approval of medical devices is not
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Stresses, however, that the existing system for the approval of medical devices not be adequate for AI technologies; calls on the Commission to closely monitor progress on these technologies and to propose changes to the regulatory framework if necessary, with the aim of reducing and simplifying the administrative burden;
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Stresses, however, that the existing system for the approval of medical devices may not be adequate for AI technologies; calls on the Commission to closely monitor progress on these technologies and to propose changes to the regulatory framework if necessary;
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Calls on the Commission to lay down clear rules for determining the respective liability of the user (doctor/professional), the producer of the technological solution, and the healthcare facility offering the treatment in order to avert continuing reliance on defensive medicine and preserve professional discretion, the object being to ensure that users will not be led invariably to back the diagnostic solution or treatment suggested by a technological instrument for fear of being sued for damages if, on the basis of their informed professional judgement, they were to reach conclusions that diverged even in part; maintains that defensive medicine not only produces damaging results for the economic sustainability of public health systems, but can also serve to dehumanise the doctor- patient relationship by turning it into a professional-client relationship;
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new) Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to encourage AI experts and European and non-European companies to create innovative jobs enhancing research on public health issues; maintains, however, that an overall employment strategy needs to go hand in hand with the advance of AI in the professional healthcare context;
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to encourage AI experts and European and non-European companies to create innovative jobs enhancing research on all areas where AI features, in particular on public health issues;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to allocate greater funding to AI and robotic research and encourage AI experts and European and non- European companies to create innovative jobs enhancing research on public health issues;
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to foster talent in the fields of artificial intelligence and robotics by taking practical measures (for example, setting up incubators and supporting start-ups) to increase the number of trained personnel, giving particular attention to the presence of women and to attracting students from other disciplines;
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas artificial intelligence (AI) is
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Calls on the Council and the Commission to take all legal measures necessary to prohibit methods of euthanasia and selection by means of the increasing use of optimising human- machine-interfaces in the human body;
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to take the risks of AI seriously; and to create and fund a unit to research the risks and ethical concerns related to AI; as well as develop backup systems;
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Calls on the Commission to allow access to grants under EU framework programmes and other forms of funding for research into AI, such as Norwegian Funds;
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up far-reaching plans aimed at attracting key stakeholders and main players from the fields of IT, mathematics, bioengineering and pharmaceutics to open AI biomedical and bionic research centres all across Europe; calls on the Commission to consider setting up bioethics committees to determine whether and under what conditions the use of a given technological solution, with particular reference to biomedical robotics for human enhancement, might be considered appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of human dignity and equality and hence could be authorised;
Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to draw up far-reaching plans aimed at attracting key stakeholders and main players from the fields of IT, mathematics, physics, medical information technology, clinical psychology, bioengineering and pharmaceutics to open AI biomedical and bionic research centres all across Europe;
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Invites churches, welfare associations, faculties of philosophy and others to take part in an in-depth ethical and moral discussion of 'artificial intelligence' in the field of medicine and care;
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States and the Commission to increase funding in health- related AI technologies; welcomes, in this context, the declaration of cooperation signed by 24 EU Member States and Norway with a view to boosting the impact of investments in AI at European level
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States and the Commission to increase funding in health- related AI technologies in the public and private sectors; welcomes, in this context, the declaration of cooperation signed by 24 EU Member States and Norway with a view to boosting the impact of investments in AI at European level
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Calls on the Member States and the Commission to increase funding in
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to take into account serious ethical concerns with regard to the impact of artificial intelligence on the doctor-patient relationship and a risk of dehumanization of the medical care;
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas the increasing integration of robotics in human systems requires strong policy guidance on how to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks for society and ensure a safe, equitable development of artificial intelligence;
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas the development of artificial intelligence (AI) must continue apace, and the conditions created in the European Union to lead that development, cognisance must always be taken also of the potential negative effects of the use of AI;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas the market maturity of artificial intelligence represents, ethically and morally, the biggest revolution since the steam engine and the computer, one which needs to be discussed in depth at a social level;
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Recital A b (new) Ab. whereas without adequate risk assessment and mitigation, AI may pose a threat to existing vulnerabilities in our economic systems and social structures;
source: 627.663
2018/11/09
LIBE
77 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Citation 1 a (new) Having regard to Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on Artificial Intelligence for Europe (COM(2018) 237 final);
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission to collaborate closely with technical researchers to investigate, prevent, and mitigate potential harmful effects of malicious uses and to develop tools, policies, and norms appropriate to ensure the ethical governance of AI applications; notes that best practices should be identified in research areas with more mature methods for addressing dual-
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission to collaborate closely with technical and social science researchers to investigate, prevent, and mitigate potential harmful effects of malicious uses of AI, and to develop tools, policies, and norms appropriate to AI applications; notes that best practices should be identified in research areas with more mature methods for addressing dual-
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission to collaborate closely with technical researchers and civil society to investigate, prevent, and mitigate potential harmful effects of malicious uses and to develop tools, policies, and norms appropriate to AI applications; notes that best practices should be identified in research areas with more mature methods for addressing dual- use concerns, such as security and privacy, and that they should be applied to the area of AI;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission to collaborate closely with the best technical researchers to investigate, prevent, and mitigate po
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Highlights the fact that malicious or negligent use of AI could threaten democracy, the rule of law, digital security, physical security, and political security as it could be used to conduct large-scale, finely-targeted and highly- efficient attacks; stresses that the use and development of AI poses risks for human rights, such as privacy, data protection, and freedom of expression and information, and that in the future it may pose further risks that are still unknown; calls on the competent authorities to effectively prevent and strictly prohibit the malicious and negligent use of AI;
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Highlights the fact that malicious or negligent use of AI could threaten digital security
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Highlights the fact that malicious use of AI could threaten digital security, physical security, and political security as it could be used to conduct large-scale, finely-targeted and highly-efficient attacks; the malicious use of AI could affect the democracy and the future of Europe;
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Highlights the fact that malicious use of AI could threaten digital security, physical security, and political security as it could be used to conduct large-scale, finely-targeted and highly-efficient attacks on information society services and connected machinery, as well as disinformation campaigns;
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Highlights the fact that malicious and unethical use of AI could threaten human rights and the rule of law, digital security, physical security, and political security as it could be used to conduct large-scale, finely-targeted and highly- efficient attacks;
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Citation 1 b (new) Having regard to European Parliament resolution of 16 February 2017 with recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics (2015/2103(INL));
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Highlights the fact that malicious use of AI could threaten digital security, physical security,
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Emphasises that the right to respect for private life and the protection of personal data, as enshrined in Articles 7 and 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, and in Article 16 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), apply to all areas of robotics and that the Union's legal framework for data protection must be fully complied with in the area of AI systems; reiterates the Commission's "FinTech Action plan: For a more competitive and innovative European financial sector", which highlighted the role regulatory "sandboxes" can play in facilitating both technological innovation and better understanding of innovative business models and market developments by allowing regulators to supervise firms under the Union's legal framework with a margin of discretion with regard proportionality and flexibility;
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Emphasises that the right to respect for private life and the protection of personal data, as enshrined in Articles 7 and 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, and in Article 16 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), apply to all areas of robotics and AI and that the Union's legal framework for data protection must be fully complied with in the area of AI systems, including i.a. big data analytics, machine learning, Internet of Things and robotics;
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Emphasises that the right to respect for private life and the protection of personal data, as enshrined in Articles 7 and 8 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights, and in Article 16 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), apply to all areas of robotics and to all the other areas in which AI may be used and that the Union's legal framework for data protection must be fully complied with in the area of AI systems;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Underlines that the automation of certain jobs may reduce the possibility for social mobility and benefit the wealthiest, able to adapt better to this change;
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission to ensure that
Amendment 26 #
4. Calls on the
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission to ensure that any EU framework on AI guarantees personal data protection, including the principles of lawfulness, fairness and transparency, data protection by design and default, purpose limitation, storage limitation, and data minimisation and accuracy in compliance with Union data protection law;
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission to ensure that any EU framework on AI guarantees personal data protection, including the principles of lawfulness, fairness and transparency, data protection by design and default, purpose limitation
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission to ensure that any EU framework on AI guarantees personal data protection, including the principles of lawfulness, fairness and transparency, data protection by design and default, purpose limitation and data minimisation in full compliance with Union data protection law;
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Recital 1 a (new) (1a) Whereas artificial intelligence is one of the strategic technologies for the 21st century both globally and in Europe, bringing positive change for the European economy, enabling innovation, productivity, competitiveness and well- being;
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Calls on the Commission to ensure that any EU framework on AI ensures the privacy and confidentiality of communications of individuals by integrating privacy by design and default into the development of these technologies;
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 b (new) 4 b. Calls on the Commission to promote strong and transparent cooperation between public and private sectors and the academia to enforce knowledge sharing, and to promote education and training of AI professionals on ethical standards and implications;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 c (new) 4 c. Calls on the Commission to collaborate closely with technical researchers to investigate, prevent, and mitigate potential harmful effects of malicious uses and to develop tools, policies, and norms appropriate to AI applications; further encourages the cross-border cooperation in their identification; notes that best practices should be identified in research areas with more mature methods for addressing dual-use concerns, such as security and privacy, and that they should be applied to the area of AI;
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 d (new) 4 d. Highlights the fact that malicious use of AI could threaten digital security, physical security, political and societal security and public safety, as it could be used to conduct large-scale, finely- targeted and highly-efficient attacks, lead to mass surveillance and generally diminish the right of individuals to choice and self-determination;
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Stresses that European standards for AI must be based on the principles of digital ethics, human dignity, respect for fundamental rights, data protection and security, thus contributing to building trust among users; emphasises the importance of capitalising on the EU’s potential for creating a strong infrastructure for AI
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Stresses that European standards for AI must be based on the principles of digital ethics, human dignity, respect for fundamental rights, data protection and security, thus contributing to building trust among users; emphasises the importance of capitalising on the EU’s potential for creating a strong infrastructure for AI systems rooted in high standards of data and respect for humans; the European standards for AI should be compatible with the operational standards from the Internal Market;
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Stresses that European standards for AI must be based on the principles of
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Stresses that European standards for AI must be based on the principles of
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Stresses that European standards
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Stresses that European standards for AI must be based on the principles of digital ethics, human dignity, respect for fundamental rights, data protection and security, thus contributing to building trust among users; emphasises the importance of capitalising on the EU’s potential for creating a strong infrastructure for AI systems rooted in high standards of data protection and respect for humans;
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Recital 1 b (new) (1b) Whereas the European framework for AI must be developed in full respect of the fundamental rights as enshrined in the Charter of Fundamental Rights, and in particular with the principles of data protection, privacy and security;
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Stresses the need to systematically and immediately invest in developing the future expertise needed, and particularly in training researchers on several disciplines - including applied ethics - specialised on AI technology, robotics, and related fields;
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Calls on the Commission to take a strong stance against the development and use of autonomous weapon systems powered by AI within any EU framework;
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Welcomes the Commission’s initiative to establish the European AI Alliance tasked with
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Welcomes the Commission’s initiative to establish the European AI Alliance tasked with developing draft AI ethical guidelines; calls on the Commission to complete the work and publish the guidelines, and to continue working towards an EU-wide approach; invites the Commission to initiate a political process on a global level aiming at the development of EU-wide high standards in the field of AI;
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Welcomes the Commission’s initiative to establish the European AI Alliance tasked with developing draft AI ethical guidelines; calls on the Commission to complete the work and publish the guidelines, and to continue working towards an EU-wide approach; invites the Commission to initiate a political process on a global level aiming at the development of EU-wide high standards in the field of AI;
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Welcomes the Commission’s initiative to establish the European AI Alliance tasked with developing draft AI ethical guidelines; calls on the Commission to complete the work and publish the guidelines, and to continue working towards an EU-wide approach which will be human centric and human governed;
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Welcomes the Commission’s initiative to establish the European AI Alliance tasked with developing draft AI ethical guidelines; calls on the Commission to complete the work
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Welcomes the Commission’s initiative to establish the European AI Alliance tasked with developing draft AI ethical guidelines; calls on the Commission to complete the work and publish the guidelines demonstrating transparency , and to continue working towards an EU- wide approach;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Welcomes the work of the High- Level Expert Group on Artificial Intelligence (AI HLEG); calls on the Commission to continue the work of the working group;
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. Calls on the Commission to ensure the participation of data protection authorities in this group, especially in the drafting process of the AI ethics guidelines;
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Recital 1 c (new) (1c) Whereas human-centric AI and machine learning is an advantage for European society and can address some of the most pressing societal challenges with tangible benefits for citizens;
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Underlines that any AI system must be developed with respect for the principles of transparency and for algorithmic accountability, allowing for human understanding of its actions; notes that in order to build trust in and enable the progress of AI, users must be aware of how their data, as well as other data and data inferred from their data, is used and when they are communicating or interacting with an AI system or with humans supported by an AI system; believes that this will contribute to better understanding and confidence among users
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Underlines that any AI system must be developed with respect for the principles of transparency, allowing for human understanding of its actions; notes that in order to build trust in and enable the progress of AI, users must be aware of how their data is used and when they are communicating or interacting with an AI system; believes that this will contribute to better understanding and confidence among users when dealing with machines; stresses that the
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Underlines that any AI system must be developed with respect for the principles of transparency, allowing for human understanding of its actions; notes that in order to build trust in and enable the progress of AI, users must be aware of how their data is used and when they are communicating or interacting with an AI system; believes that this will contribute to better understanding and confidence among users when dealing with machines; stresses that the
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Underlines that any AI system must be developed with respect for the principles of
Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Underlines that any AI system must
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Underlines that any AI system and the use hereof must be developed with respect for the principles of transparency, allowing for human understanding of its actions; notes that in order to build trust in and enable the progress of AI, users must be aware of how their data is used and when they are communicating or interacting with an AI system; believes that this will contribute to better understanding and confidence among users when dealing with machines; stresses that the explainability of decisions must be an EU standard in accordance with Articles 13, 14 and 15 of the GDPR; stresses that individuals have the right to a final determination being made by a person;
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 a (new) 7 a. Highlights the fundamental role that the Commission, the European Data Protection Board, national data protection authorities and other independent supervisory authorities should play in the future to promote transparency and due process, legal certainty in general and, more specifically, concrete standards that protect fundamental rights and guarantees associated with the use of data processing and analytics; calls for closer collaboration among regulators of conduct in the digital environment; calls for adequate funding and staffing of such authorities;
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 a (new) Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 a (new) 7 a. Highlights the importance to tackle developer bias, thus the need for a diverse workforce in all branches of the IT sector as well as safeguard mechanisms to avoid biases based on gender and age embedded into AI systems;
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 b (new) 7 b. Stresses that, because of the data sets and algorithmic systems used when making assessments and predictions at the different stages of data processing, big data may result not only in infringements of the fundamental rights of individuals, but also in differential treatment of and indirect discrimination against groups of people with similar characteristics; calls on the competent authorities to take any possible measures in order to ensure the quality of the data used, to avoid bias or to make sure that the relevant programs does not take any bias into account, to prevent algorithmic discrimination and to develop a strong and common ethical framework for the transparent processing of personal data and automated decision-making that may guide data usage and the ongoing enforcement of Union law;
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 Amendment 60 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 b (new) 7 b. Stresses that, because of the data sets and algorithmic systems used when making assessments and predictions at the different stages of data processing, big data may result not only in infringements of the fundamental rights of individuals, but also in differential treatment of and indirect discrimination against groups of people with similar characteristics; Calls on the Commission, the Member States and the data protection authorities to identify and take any possible measures to minimise algorithmic discrimination and bias and to develop a strong and common ethical framework for the transparent processing of personal data and automated decision-making that may guide data usage and the ongoing enforcement of Union law;
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 c (new) 7 c. Highlights the importance to establish a regulatory framework to control algorithms and their impact is therefore,including the possibility of engaging independent auditors for algorithms (or even software watchdogs, or a regulator that can investigate AI automated decisions;
Amendment 62 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 d (new) 7 d. Considers that in order to avoid the erosion of human privacy and autonomy it is vital to resist the temptation to use AI systems before appropriate cultural and legal frameworks are adapted;
Amendment 63 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 e (new) Amendment 64 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Stresses the importance of the quality of data used in the development of algorithms, as the standard of AI systems relies on the data used to train them; notes that the use of low quality, outdated, incomplete or incorrect data may lead to poor predictions and in turn discrimination and bias, and that it is therefore important in the age of big data to ensure that algorithms are trained on representative samples of high quality data in order to achieve statistical parity
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Stresses the importance of the quality and accuracy, as well as the representative nature of data used in the development and deployment of algorithms, as their standard
Amendment 66 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Stresses the importance of the quality of data used in the development of algorithms, as the standard of AI systems relies on the data used to train them; notes that the use of low quality, outdated, incomplete or incorrect data may lead to poor predictions and in turn discrimination and bias, and that it is therefore important in the age of big data to ensure that algorithms are trained on representative samples of high quality data in order to achieve statistical parity and to ensure there are ways to prevent and redress any unfair discrimination.
Amendment 67 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 a (new) 8 a. Underlines that the following principles should be applied for overall strategies on AI and robotics: a) Robots and artificial intelligence are multi-use tools. Robots and artificial intelligence should not be designed solely or primarily to kill or harm humans. Individual rights and fundamental freedoms must be guaranteed; particular human integrity (physical and mental integrity), human dignity and identity. We underline the primacy of the human being over the sole interest of science or society; b) Humans are responsible agents. Lawmakers should make sure that emerging technologies comply with existing laws and fundamental rights; c) Robots and artificial intelligence as products should be designed to be safe, secure and fit for purpose, as other products; d) Robots and artificial intelligence are manufactured artefacts. They should not be designed in a deceptive way to exploit vulnerable users; instead, their machine nature should be transparent; e) A person with legal responsibility for a robot or artificial intelligence should be attributed. In case of gross negligence regarding safety and security, manufacturers shall be held responsible despite non-liability clauses in user agreements may exist; f) In accordance with responsible research and innovation, the precautionary principle should be taken into account;
Amendment 68 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 a (new) 8 a. Highlights the importance of designing and enforcing a comprehensive set of auditing rules and guidelines for developing and deploying AI systems; underlines that a coordinated approach is necessary to ensure risk-based evaluations are carried out frequently for AI systems and their components; stresses the importance of developing safety and flagging mechanisms aimed at mitigating risks of infringement by AI systems;
Amendment 69 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 a (new) 8 a. Highlights that AI research or other relevant activities shall respect fundamental rights and be conducted in the interests of the well-being and self- determination of the individual and society at large in their design, implementation, dissemination and use. Human dignity and autonomy – both physical and psychological – shall always to be respected;
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission and other competent institutions to collaborate closely with
Amendment 70 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 a (new) 8 a. Emphasises the need to include the public in the AI development process; therefore, calls on the Commission to publish any algorithms, tools and technology funded or co-funded by the public as open source;
Amendment 71 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 b (new) 8 b. Stresses that AI research or other relevant activities shall be conducted in accordance with the precautionary principle, anticipating potential safety impacts of outcomes and taking due precautions, proportional to the level of protection, while encouraging progress for the benefit of society and the environment;
Amendment 72 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 c (new) 8 c. Stresses that AI engineers and their employers shall consider and respect people’s physical wellbeing, safety, health and rights and preserve human wellbeing, while also respecting human rights, and disclose promptly factors that might endanger the public or the environment;
Amendment 73 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 d (new) 8 d. Considers that AI engineers and their employers shall be accountable for the social, environmental and human health impacts that robotics may impose on present and future generations;
Amendment 74 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 e (new) 8 e. Underlines that is shall be fully ensured that private information is kept secure and only used appropriately;
Amendment 75 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 f (new) 8 f. Stresses that it shall be fully guaranteed that individuals are not personally identifiable, aside from exceptional circumstances and then only with clear, unambiguous informed consent; emphasises that human informed consent shall be pursued and obtained prior to any man-machine interaction; highlights that in this context appropriate procedures shall be developed and followed for valid consent, confidentiality, anonymity, fair treatment and due process; all the responsible persons shall immediately fully comply with any requests that any related data be destroyed, and removed from any datasets;
Amendment 76 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 g (new) 8 g. Highlights that, where risks arise as an unavoidable and integral element of the AI research, robust risk assessment and management protocols shall be developed and complied with, taking into account that the risk of harm shall be no greater than that encountered in ordinary life, (i.e. people shall not be exposed to risks greater than or additional to those to which they are exposed in their normal lifestyles);
Amendment 77 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 h (new) 8 h. Stresses that the operation of an AI system shall always be based on a thorough risk assessment process, which shall be informed by the precautionary and proportionality principles;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission to collaborate closely with
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Calls on the Commission to collaborate closely with technical researchers to identify, support and leverage potential positive effects of innovative uses, and to investigate, prevent, and mitigate potential harmful effects of malicious uses, and to develop tools, policies, and norms appropriate to AI applications; notes that best practices should be identified in research areas with more mature methods for addressing dual- use concerns, such as security and privacy, and that they should be applied to the area of AI;
source: 630.455
2018/12/07
ITRE
330 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 1 a (new) – having regard to the European Commission proposal establishing the Digital Europe programme for the period 2021-2027 published on June 6th 2018;
Amendment 10 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A b (new) Ab. whereas a coordinated approach at European level is urgently needed to be able to compete against the massive investments made by third countries especially the US and China;
Amendment 100 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 d (new) 5d. Encourages Member States to develop multi stakeholders partnerships across industry and research institutes as well as joint AI centres of excellence that will facilitate investments in the AI research and create collaboration and networking across Europe;
Amendment 101 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 e (new) 5e. Stresses that Europe has to dedicate the new FET flagship to the Artificial intelligence with a particular emphasis on human centric approach and language technologies;
Amendment 102 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 f (new) 5f. Believes that Artificial Intelligence, machine learning and exponential leaps in data availability and cloud computing fuel research initiatives to understand biology at molecular and cellular levels, guide the development of medical treatments and analyse data streams to detect health threats, predict disease outbreaks and counsel patients. Notes that Data mining and data- navigation techniques can be used to identify care gaps, risks, trends and patterns;
Amendment 103 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Notes the importance of greater investment in this field
Amendment 104 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Notes the importance of greater investment in this field in order to remain competitive; recognises that while most of the investment and innovation in this area comes from private sector ventures, Member States and the Commission should also be encouraged to invest in research in this sector and outline their development priorities; considers that the coordination of private- and public-sector investment should be encouraged to ensure that development is focused; stresses that micro, small and medium enterprises should be the primary recipient of investment, in order for the EU to preserve and strengthen its economic fabric and to boost its competitiveness;
Amendment 105 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Notes the importance of greater investment in this field in order to remain competitive; recognises that while most of the investment and innovation in this area comes from private sector ventures, Member States and the Commission should also be encouraged to invest in research in this sector and outline their development priorities; considers that the coordination of private- and public-sector investment should be encouraged to ensure that development is focused; calls on the Commission to assess the necessity of setting up a platform that brings together industry, governments and research institutes;
Amendment 106 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Notes the importance of greater investment in this field in order to remain competitive; recognises that while most of the investment and innovation in this area comes from private sector ventures, Member States and the Commission should also be encouraged to invest in research in this sector and outline their development priorities; Welcomes the EU invest proposal and other public private partnerships that will foster private funding; considers that the coordination of private- and public-sector investment should be encouraged to ensure that development is focused;
Amendment 107 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Notes the importance of greater investment in this field in order to remain competitive; recognises that while most of the investment and innovation in this area comes from private sector ventures, Member States and the Commission should also be encouraged to invest in research in this sector and outline their development priorities;
Amendment 108 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 6. Notes the importance of greater investment in this field in order to remain competitive; recognises that while most of the investment and innovation in this area comes from private sector ventures, Member States and the Commission should also be encouraged to continue investing in research in this sector and outline their development priorities; considers that the coordination of private- and public-sector investment should be encouraged to ensure that
Amendment 109 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Stresses that investment in the development of AI ethics should also be encouraged, with the recognition that methodologies utilizing value-driven design or Responsible Research and Innovation, provide greater opportunities to avoid unintended negative consequences with AI implementation and greater opportunity for innovation than without ethics-by-design.
Amendment 11 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas AI and robotics have the potential to reshape multiple industries and lead to greater efficiencies; whereas the availability of large-scale data sets and testing and experimentation facilities are of major importance for the development of artificial intelligence;
Amendment 110 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Points out that alternative business models need to be created for these new ‘disruptive’ technologies, based on the concept of service and not just of product, and old production models need to be adapted;
Amendment 111 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Welcomes the Digital Europe Programme published by the Commission on June 6th 2018;
Amendment 112 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Welcomes the ambition of the European Commission for more than 20 billion euros per year in the EU in public and private research and development investments in AI and stresses the need to increase this pace in order to remain competitive on AI technology development in the world.
Amendment 113 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Stresses that education aspects should be properly addressed; considers in particular the need for digital skills, including coding, to be included in teaching and training from the early school years to life-long learning;
Amendment 114 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 c (new) 6c. Stresses that investments on AI which can have significant uncertainty levels, should be complemented by EU funding for example from EIB, EIF, or through InvestEU andEFSI, schemes which can help on risk sharing.
Amendment 115 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 d (new) 6d. Calls on the Commission to ensure coordination and scaling of European policy as Europe has a lot of AI start-ups that are fragmented.
Amendment 116 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 6 e (new) 6e. Urges the Commission to not allow EU funding for weaponized AI. Furthermore, suggests that the EU must keep the intellectual property of research conducted with EU public money. Urges the Commission to exclude from EU funding, companies that are researching and developing AI consciousness.
Amendment 117 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 6 Innovation and societal acceptance and responsibility
Amendment 118 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Notes that the future of this technology
Amendment 119 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Notes that the future of this technology is contingent on societal acceptance and that greater emphasis must be placed on
Amendment 12 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas AI and robotics have the potential to reshape multiple industries and lead to greater efficiencies in production as well as making European industry and SMEs more competitive globally;
Amendment 120 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 7. Notes that the future of this technology is contingent on societal acceptance and that greater emphasis must be placed on training and education to ensure greater understanding of the technology and its role; also notes that if
Amendment 121 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Considers that public acceptance depends on how public is informed about the opportunities, challenges and developments of artificial intelligence; Recommends Member States and the Commission to launch various information campaigns on the limitations and potential of AI and robotics and addressing mains public concerns such as privacy, safety and transparency of decisions taken by automated systems;
Amendment 122 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Stresses the importance of promoting and providing a ‘digital culture’, through knowledge and skills that foster an understanding of digital relevance, artificial intelligence and robotics in everyday life and a widespread grounding in the proper use of technological tools that should permeate all digital programmes through ad hoc measures;
Amendment 123 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Considers that public acceptance relies on how the public is informed about the opportunities, challenges and developments of artificial intelligence; recommends that Member States and the Commission ensure the dissemination of credible information addressing the main concerns regarding AI and robotics e.g. Privacy, safety and transparency of decisions.
Amendment 124 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 a (new) 7a. Highlights the importance of public policies which ensure social inclusion and internal cohesion within the EU in the adoption of AI in the public and private sector;
Amendment 125 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 b (new) 7b. Recommends to the Commission to ensure that the intellectual property of research conducted with EU funding should remain in European universities.
Amendment 126 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 7 c (new) 7c. Highlights that cloud computing has a key role to play in driving the uptake of AI. Access to cloud services allows private companies, public institutions, research and academic institutions, and users to develop and use AI in an efficient and economically viable way.
Amendment 127 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 8. Welcomes the use of experimental policymaking such as randomized controlled trials or regulatory sandboxes to introduce, in cooperation with regulators, innovative new ideas, allowing safeguards to be built into the technology from the start, thus facilitating and encouraging its market entry;
Amendment 128 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Supports the operational objectives of the DEP to build up and strengthen core artificial intelligence capacities in the Union, to make them accessible to all businesses and public administrations and to reinforce and network existing artificial intelligence testing and experimentation facilities in Member States;
Amendment 129 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Stresses that the dissemination of artificial intelligence and robotics should take place while fully respecting human rights and on no account should stereotypes against women, or any other form of discrimination, be reproduced in machines and robots;
Amendment 13 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas transparent and ethics embedded AI and robotics have the potential to reshape multiple industries and lead to greater efficiencies;
Amendment 130 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Stresses that a significant challenge to the future of AI systems is the inconsistent quality of software production technology and therefore there is a great need of standardization of the construction and use of AI systems.
Amendment 131 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Highlights the need for introducing AI-specific regulatory sandboxes to test the safe and effective use of AI technologies tested in a real- world environment.
Amendment 132 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Stresses that connectivity is a precondition for Europe to become part of the gigabit society and AI is a clear example of the exponential growth of a demand for high quality, fast, secure and pervasive connectivity; believes that the Union and the Member States should continue to foster measures to stimulate investment in and take-up of very high capacity networks in the European Union;
Amendment 133 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Notes that Artificial Intelligence is a notion encompassing a wide range of products and applications, starting from automation, algorithms, narrow artificial intelligence and general artificial intelligence. A comprehensive law or regulation of artificial intelligence shall be approached with caution, as sectorial regulation may provide policies that are general enough but also refined up to the level where they are meaningful for the industrial sector.
Amendment 135 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 a (new) 8a. Notes that AI can catalyse a disruptive transformation of the current food system towards a more diverse, resilient, regionally adapted and healthy model for the future.
Amendment 136 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 b (new) 8b. Notes that for greater societal acceptance of artificial intelligence, there needs to be assurances that the systems being used are safe and secure.
Amendment 137 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 b (new) 8b. Notes that before any AI system is put into use, we need assurances that it is safe and secure.
Amendment 138 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 b (new) 8b. Underlines that EU legislation related to the implementation of the DSM strategy shall remove barriers for the deployment of AI, ask the Commission to evaluate where it is necessary to update policy and regulatory frameworks in order to build a single European market for AI;
Amendment 139 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 b (new) 8b. Notes that AI can play in efforts to help tackle food security issues, predict famine and foodborne disease outbreaks, reduce food loss and waste and help improve sustainable management of land, water and other environmental resources critical to ecosystem health.
Amendment 14 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B B. whereas transparent and ethics embedded AI and robotics have the potential to reshape multiple industries and lead to greater efficiencies;
Amendment 140 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 b (new) 8b. Underlines that finding scope and applications for AI should be the result of a design process led by needs and guided by principles that take into account the intended result and the best path to achieve it, from an economic and social point of view. The existence of clear policies at all stages of development will lead to a fit for purpose implementation and cover the risks and downsides.
Amendment 141 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 c (new) 8c. Recommends the use and promotion of public-private partnerships to explore solutions to key challenges such as building a data ecosystem, favouring the access, sharing and flow of data while safeguarding people’s privacy rights.
Amendment 142 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 c (new) 8c. Highlights that AI can intervene at critical points along the food system value chain from production to consumption and enhance our capacity to fundamentally alter the way we produce, process and buy food from informing land use planning.
Amendment 143 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 c (new) 8c. Notes the importance of encouraging both the adoption of AI by consumers but also the adoption of AI in businesses.
Amendment 144 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 c (new) 8c. Notes that AI has the potential to increase efficiency, comfort and welfare in many sectors, if the established industrial stakeholders cooperate with the AI developers. A large volume of data, that is not personal in nature, is currently in the possession of stakeholders and through partnerships can be used to increase their efficiency. For that to become a reality, cooperation between the users and the developers of AI is a prerequisite.
Amendment 145 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 d (new) 8d. Underlines that the AI can be an enabler for SME’s but also increases the leverage of big early adopters and developers. From the competition point of view, we need to ensure that new distortions are being properly evaluated and tackled.
Amendment 146 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 d (new) 8d. Notes that AI can improve resource management and input efficiency, to help reduce post-harvest waste and influence consumption choices.
Amendment 147 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 e (new) 8e. Notes that the European economy has a large share of SME’s and much effort has been invested in developing them, therefore these particular efforts should be continued and built upon, advoiding potential imbalances.
Amendment 148 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 e (new) 8e. Notes that AI in the form of precision farming holds the potential to disrupt on farm production of food as well as broader land management by improving land use planning, predicting land use change and monitoring crop health whilst having the potential to transform the prediction of extreme weather events.
Amendment 149 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 f (new) 8f. Notes that in the current industrial landscape a delicate balance exists between the owners and the workers. The advances in implementing AI in industry should be done with a broad consultation of social partners as the potential shift in the number of people working in the industry requires proactive policies to help workers adapt to the new demands and to ensure that the gains are broadly shared. This requires re-thinking and re- designing labour market policies, social security schemes and taxation.
Amendment 15 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas the Union computing performance needed to be maintained at a leading level, the Union should provide an opportunity for its supply industry and increase its effectiveness in turning the technology developments into demand- oriented and application-driven leading to their uptake in large-scale and emerging application underpinned by artificial intelligence;
Amendment 150 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 f (new) 8f. Notes that AI can radically alter the delivery of inputs, control of pests and management of farms, influence farming practices, alter the way insurance products are delivered or help predict and avoid future famine and severe acute malnutrition outbreaks.
Amendment 151 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 g (new) 8g. Notes that AI can enable more optimal decisions about how to manage farm systems and stimulate the development of decision support and recommender systems. by improving farm efficiencies and farm health.
Amendment 152 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 g (new) 8g. Welcomes the potential of AI in modelling and identifying the impact of human activity on climate. While the increased digitisation also brings new energy needs, it can also bring efficiency into previously energy intensive sectors and provide for better understanding of processes, leading to their improvement.
Amendment 153 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 8 h (new) 8h. Notes that cybersecurity is an important aspect of AI, especially given the challenges for transparency in high level AI. The technological perspective including auditing of the source code and requirements for transparency and accountability should be complemented by an institutional approach, dealing with the challenges of introducing of AI developed in other countries into the EU single market.
Amendment 154 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 7 Supporting conditions: connectivity, data accessibility and high-performance computing, cloud infrastructure
Amendment 155 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 Amendment 156 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Recalls that the availability of quality data is essential for real competitiveness in the AI industry, and
Amendment 157 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Recalls that the availability of quality data is essential for real competitiveness in the AI industry
Amendment 158 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Recalls that the availability of quality data is essential for real competitiveness in the AI industry, and calls for public authorities to ensure ways of producing, sharing and governing data
Amendment 159 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Recalls that the availability of quality data is essential for real competitiveness in the AI industry, and calls for public authorities to ensure ways of producing, sharing and governing data by making data
Amendment 16 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas artificial intelligence is one of the strategic technologies for the 21st century both globally and in Europe, bringing positive change for the European economy, enabling innovation, productivity, competitiveness and well- being;
Amendment 160 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 9. Recalls that the availability of high quality and meaningful data is essential for real competitiveness in the AI industry, and calls for public authorities to ensure ways of producing, sharing and governing data by making data a common good while safeguarding privacy and sensitive data;
Amendment 161 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Believes that the success of AI applications, tailored to users across the EU, often requires extensive knowledge of local markets, as well as access to and use of adequate local data for the datasets training, system testing and validation, especially in sectors related to natural language processing. Asks Member states to encourage the availability of high quality, interoperable and open public sector as well as privately-held data.
Amendment 162 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Stresses the importance of the quality of data used in development of algorithms, as the standard of the AI systems relies on the data used to train them; Notes that the use of low quality, outdated, incomplete or incorrect data may lead to poor predictions and in turn discrimination and bias, it is therefore important in the age of big data to ensure that algorithms are trained on representative sample of high quality data;
Amendment 163 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Notes that, for the proper development of AI and robotics, an adequate level of high-speed connectivity needs to be ensured, for example through 5G, fibre optics and satellite navigation and communication infrastructure, in order to provide robust digital infrastructure in the industrial sector and in public services;
Amendment 164 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Stresses that a high level of safety, security and privacy of data used for the communication of people with robots and artificial intelligence has to be ensured; therefore calls on the Commission and Member states to integrate the security and privacy by design principles in their policies related to robotics and artificial intelligence;
Amendment 165 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 b (new) 9b. Highlights that cloud computing has a key role to play in driving the uptake of AI. Stress that better access to cloud services will allows private companies, public institutions, research and academic institutions, and users to develop and use AI in an efficient and economically viable way;
Amendment 166 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 b (new) 9b. Stresses the importance of interoperability and data accuracy in order to ensure a high level of reliability and security standards in the new technologies;
Amendment 167 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 b (new) 9b. Stresses that the integration of robotics and AI technology within the economy and the society require digital infrastructure that provides ubiquitous connectivity;
Amendment 168 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 b (new) 9b. Welcomes measures to facilitate and support the exchange and sharing of data across borders.
Amendment 169 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 c (new) 9c. Believes that the success of AI applications, tailored to users across the EU, often requires extensive knowledge of local markets, as well as access to and use of adequate local data for the datasets training, system testing and validation, especially in sectors related to natural language processing. Asks the Member states to encourage the availability of high quality, interoperable and open public sector as well as privately-held data;
Amendment 17 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B a (new) Ba. whereas machine learning raises also challenges to ensure non- discrimination, due process, transparency and understandability in decision-making processes;
Amendment 170 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 c (new) 9c. Stresses the importance of targeted measures to ensure that small and medium-sized enterprises and start-ups are able to adopt and benefit from AI technologies; believes that impact assessments of the effects of new EU legislation on the technological development of AI should be mandatory, and that such impact assessments should also be considered at national level;
Amendment 171 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 c (new) 9c. Highlights the importance of cloud computing as a key enabler of AI. Welcomes the encouragement of access to cloud services for public and private companied to develop and use AI more effectively.
Amendment 172 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 c (new) 9c. Stresses the need to ensure the utmost consistency with the EU’s Big Data policy;
Amendment 173 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 d (new) 9d. Welcomes the establishment of the European High Performance Computing Joint Undertaking; Underlines that supercomputing and data infrastructure are essential to ensure competitive innovation ecosystem for the development of AI technologies and applications;
Amendment 174 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 d (new) 9d. calls for the swift implementation of the Cybersecurity Act, the development of EU certification schemes should ensure a more resilient development and deployment of safe AI and robotic systems;
Amendment 175 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 e (new) 9e. In order to foster a regulatory environment favourable to the development of AI and in line with the principle of better regulation, calls on the Commission to regularly re-evaluate the current legislation to ensure it is fit for purpose in respect of AI while respecting EU fundamental values, and seek to amend or substitute new proposals where this is shown not to be the case;
Amendment 176 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 e (new) 9e. Welcomes the measures to facilitate and support the exchange and sharing of data across borders, to increase flexibility and stimulate economies of scale, such as through the Free Flow of Data Regulation;
Amendment 177 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 f (new) 9f. Welcomes the implementation of European Digital Innovation Hubs, providing access to technological expertise and experimentation facilities as well as facilitating access to finance; underlines that European Digital Innovation Hub shall be open to business of all forms and sizes, in particular to SMEs, scale-ups and public administrations across the Union;
Amendment 178 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 f (new) 9f. Considers that AI at the same time can be a cybersecurity threat and the tool to fight against cyber-attacks; encourages the swift completion of the Strategy for Cybersecurity that should ensure the development and deployment of safe AI and robotic systems that are resilient to cyber-attacks; believes that ENISA should prepare an action plan on cybersecurity in the area of AI, which should assess and address threats and weaknesses specific to AI;
Amendment 179 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 g (new) 9g. Underlines the importance of strengthening the industrial base as a strategic component of the secure AI development; emphasize that in order to ensure an ambitious level of cybersecurity, data protection and trusted ICT services Europe have to invest in its technological independence; stresses the urgent need for the EU to develop its own infrastructure, data centres, cloud and components such as graphics processors and chips production;
Amendment 18 #
Motion for a resolution Recital B b (new) Bb. whereas AI constitutes a significant tool to address global societal challenges and the Member’s states through their public policy have to promote investments, to make available funds for R&D, and address barriers to AI development and adoption;
Amendment 180 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 h (new) 9h. Recalls that while AI and Robotics already have long-established industrial applications, advancements in the field are expanding and providing wide and diverse applications in all human activities; believes that any regulatory framework must include flexibility that allows for innovation and free development of new technologies and uses for AI;
Amendment 181 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 i (new) 9i. Underlines the importance of SME for the AI uptake; welcomes in this context the Commission initiative to create an AI on demand platform that will boost technology transfer and catalyse the growth of start-ups and SMEs. Calls on the Commission to promote Digital Innovation Hubs for the AI that do not lead to the creation of additional administration layers but focus on accelerating investments in projects that have proven their efficiency;
Amendment 182 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 j (new) 9j. Believes that AI will be a great asset in terms of implementing the “once only” principle, enabling the combination of data bases and information from different sources, and thereby facilitating citizens’ interactions with public administrations;
Amendment 183 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 k (new) 9k. Stresses that public support for the AI should be concentrated to those strategic sectors in which EU industry has greatest opportunities to play a leading role at a global level and which has general public interest added value;
Amendment 184 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 9 l (new) 9l. Asks the Member States to lead this digital transformation by positioning themselves as primary responsible users and buyers of trustworthy AI technology and thus demonstrate that AI can yield tangible benefits to citizens. Stresses that in this context Member States have to adapt their data policies including public data collection, use, repositories or annotation to allow the AI deployment in all public sector;
Amendment 185 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 10. Highlights that there are a number of benefits to be gained from AI and robotics in the public sector, and welcomes greater investment into research and development to ensure that this thrives, as well as greater financial support to public bodies in the maintenance of the data infrastructure and the necessary training of their personnel, especially at local level;
Amendment 186 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Stresses that Member States should invest also in education and AI training programs in order to assist public sector employees in adopting the use of AI and robotics. Notes that there should be also information campaigns towards the citizens who will use public sector services provided by AI systems and robotics in order to calm their fears over loss of control of their personal data and establish trust.
Amendment 187 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Believes that trustworthy artificial intelligence can strongly support the reform of public administration in decision-making and improve public services, e.g. in preparing regulatory impact assessment, so its use should be further analysed and promoted;
Amendment 188 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Stresses that public sector information represent an extraordinary source of data that can contribute to rapidly progress and create a new strategy to embrace new digital technologies, especially Artificial Intelligence.
Amendment 189 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Points out that access to digital public services must be encouraged by taking measures to promote increased user knowledge, information, preparedness, and accessibility;
Amendment 19 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas the existing rules and processes
Amendment 190 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Acknowledges the use of robotic process automation and the impact it has had in improving public sector processes, notes its interoperability with legacy systems.
Amendment 191 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 a (new) 10a. Stresses that human contact is a crucial aspect of human care;
Amendment 192 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 b (new) 10b. Notes that public sector acceptance of AI can power the more wide-spread adoption of AI in other industries.
Amendment 193 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 c (new) 10c. Asks the Member States to lead this digital transformation by positioning themselves as primary responsible users and buyers of AI technology. Stresses that in this context Member States have to adapt their data policies including public data collection, use, repositories or annotation to allow the AI deployment in all public sectors.
Amendment 194 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 d (new) 10d. Data Notes that at present, the sharing of data is well below its potential and large quantities of data are underutilised. Recognises that there is a reluctance to share data and the need for action to encourage this. Notes that the lack of common standards also has a large role to play in the ability to share data. Welcomes regulations such as the Free Flow of Data Regulation and the importance it has in fields such as AI to allow for more effective and efficient processes. Recognises that greater market-based incentives need to be put in place to encourage the access to and sharing of data. Notes the risk that data openness has on investing in data in the first place. Calls for greater clarity on data ownership rules and the legal frameworks in place. Notes that regulatory uncertainty has led to over-cautious responses from industry.
Amendment 195 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 10 e (new) 10e. Cyber Notes that as artificial intelligence evolves and hackers become more sophisticated, it will be imperative to have strong cybersecurity solutions. Recognises that implementation of AI solutions in cybersecurity will allow for the forecasting, prevention and mitigation of threats. Highlights that whilst AI will be able to provide greater coverage for the detection of threats, it is imperative to have the human interpretation of these threats to detect whether it is genuine or not. SMEs Recognises the importance of SMEs for the success of AI. Welcomes the Commission initiative to create an AI on demand platform that will boost technology transfer and catalyse the growth of start-ups and SMEs. Calls on the Commission to promote Digital Innovation Hubs for AI that do not lead to the creation of additional administration layers but focus on accelerating investments in projects that have proven their efficiency. Notes that the costs of investing in AI leads to high barriers to entry for SMEs. Recognises that widespread adoption of AI by consumers would de-risk this investment for SMEs. Highlights the need to promote the adoption of AI by SMEs just as much as the promotion of consumers to use it.
Amendment 196 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Notes the impact that AI has already had on
Amendment 197 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 11 11. Notes the impact that AI has already had on the design
Amendment 198 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Notes that when AI is combined with human diagnosis the error rate
Amendment 199 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 12. Notes that when AI is combined with human diagnosis the error rate is 0.5⁰%, compared with 3.5⁰% for diagnosis by human doctors alone; points out that it would be advisable to assess whether or not certain diagnoses carried out by machines using AI could be legally recognised;
Amendment 2 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 1 a (new) – having regard to the European Parliament resolution of 1 June 2017 on digitising European industry(2016/2271(INI));
Amendment 20 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas rules and processes
Amendment 200 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 12 a (new) 12a. Calls on Commission to work on strategies and policies that can position the EU as a world-leader in the growing field of health care technology, while ensuring that patients have access to seamless and effective medical care;
Amendment 201 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 a (new) 13a. Promotes the contribution made by AI and robotics to innovative preventive, clinical and rehabilitation practices and techniques in the health sector, with particular reference to the benefits they have for patients with disabilities;
Amendment 202 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 13 a (new) 13a. Acknowledge the potential of AI in reaching the goal of the carbon free energy sector; stresses that with more digitised energy sector energy networks become larger and more exposed to cyber threat; Calls the Member states and the Commission accompany the energy digital transformation with the measures, such as artificial intelligence, improving cyber security;
Amendment 203 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 14. Notes that AI allows energy suppliers to move from preventive to predictive asset maintenance, owing to the large amount of data that can be processed; stresses that this will allow providers to deal with issues in a more timely manner; also stresses that enhanced predicting can be particularly beneficial to renewable energy production, by improving its reliability and by allowing the most efficient locations for new installations, thus ensuring a better demand response management;
Amendment 204 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 14 a (new) 14a. Recognises that more accurate data produced by AI on the potential of renewable energy production will create higher investment certainty for businesses and individuals, thus accelerating the energy transition towards renewable energy sources and contributing to the Union's long term strategy for a climate neutral economy;
Amendment 205 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 14 a (new) Calls on the Commission to oblige the online intermediation service companies to release any data that could be beneficial to the common good, while ensuring that insurance companies will be forbidden to discriminate on citizens based on AI ranking results and from their right to be insured.
Amendment 206 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 14 b (new) Urges the Commission to take note of the social challenges arising from practices resulting from the ranking of citizens. Citizens should not be discriminated based on their ranking and they should be entitled to "another chance".
Amendment 207 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 15 15. Notes that solutions involving sensors are already being used to manage energy usage in houses and that this has resulted in considerable
Amendment 208 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16.
Amendment 209 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 16 16. Notes that AI and robotics have the ability to greatly improve our transport links through the introduction of
Amendment 21 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C C. whereas existing rules and processes should be
Amendment 210 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 16 a (new) Calls on the European Commission to guarantee the protection of citizens from any AI ranking decision systems in public administrations, similar to those planned to be utilised in China.
Amendment 211 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 16 b (new) Calls on the Commission to ensure that whoever produces deepfake material or synthetic videos or any other realistically made synthetic videos to state explicitly that they are not original.
Amendment 212 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Notes that by reducing human error in the transport sector the system can potentially become more efficient, with fewer accidents,
Amendment 213 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 17. Notes that by reducing human error in the transport sector the system can become more efficient, with fewer
Amendment 214 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17a. Notes that voice communication is increasingly used in interaction with vehicles and transport systems but these features are only available for a handful of European languages, so it should be ensured that all Europeans can use these possibilities in their mother tongue;
Amendment 215 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 a (new) 17a. Encourages the completion of the European Commission’s strategy for Cybersecurity, and suggests to embed capacity-building in cybersecurity in this industrial policy, to ensure the development and deployment of safe AI and Robotic systems, resilient to cyberattacks. Encourages European stakeholders to research and engineers features that would facilitate the detection of accidentally or maliciously corrupted AI & Robotics systems.
Amendment 216 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 b (new) 17b. Calls on the Commission to explore the use of blockchain based cybersecurity applications that improve the resilience, trust and robustness of AI infrastructures through disintermediated models of data encryption. Calls on the Commission to explore the possibility to reward citizens for their data through tokens.
Amendment 217 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 17 c (new) 17c. Notes the ongoing work of the ISO on AI and urges the Member States to coordinate their ISO members to defend as best as possible the European values and interests in the development of standards.
Amendment 218 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 Amendment 219 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Notes that the prevalence of autonomous vehicles in the future poses risks to data privacy and technical failures and will shift the liability from the driver to the vehicle, requiring insurance companies to shift how they incorporate risk into their underwriting;
Amendment 22 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas several Member States are developing their own artificial intelligence strategies, and there is a need to coordinate those strategies, to pool research efforts, set common short and long term targets for AI development in order to avoid investment gaps and overlaps;
Amendment 220 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Notes that the prevalence of
Amendment 221 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Notes that the prevalence of autonomous vehicles in the future will
Amendment 222 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 18 18. Notes that the prevalence of autonomous vehicles in the future will shift the liability from the driver to the
Amendment 223 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 19. Notes the work being conducted globally and recognises the need to work proactively with partners especially at OECD and G20, in shaping the direction this industry moves in to ensure that the EU remains competitive and safeguards equal access among nations as well as sharing the benefits of AI development as widely as possible;
Amendment 224 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 19 a (new) 19a. Notes with concern that a number of non-European companies and entities from third countries increasingly employ AI-based predictive models to provide services and extract the added value on EU markets, especially at local level, and to monitor and possibly influence political sentiment, thus posing potential threats to the technological sovereignty of Union citizens;
Amendment 225 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Believes that the development and use of AI needs to be governed by a code of ethics in the same way that human behaviour is guided; recognises that in order to do this, rules must be in place to increase the accountability and transparency of algorithmic decision- making systems;
Amendment 226 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Believes that AI needs to be governed by a code of ethics in the same way that human behaviour is guided; recognises that in order to do this, rules must be in place to increase the accountability
Amendment 227 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20.
Amendment 228 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20.
Amendment 229 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 20. Believes that AI needs to be governed by a code of ethics
Amendment 23 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas the developments in artificial intelligence can and should be designed in such a way that they preserve the dignity, autonomy and self- determination of the individual;
Amendment 230 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Welcomes the Commission initiative to set-up the High-level experts group on Artificial Intelligence as well as EU AI alliance network with the aim to deliver ethical guidelines for AI. Asks the Commission to ensure the largest possible up take of those ethical guidelines by the industry, academia and public authorities. Recommends that Member States transfer the guidelines into their national AI strategies and develop real accountability structures for industries and governments as they design and deploy AI.
Amendment 231 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Underlines that AI must be designed, developed and deployed so as to be consistent with the obligations of the European Union towards its citizens. The Commission High Level Expert group on Artificial Intelligence is a good start in finding possible paths to follow and proper ethical assessment mechanisms need to be put in place before any financing is awarded for such research.
Amendment 232 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Notes the importance of incorporating into each AI and robotics research and development project or activity the study resulting from the application of the robethics roadmap to technological solutions;
Amendment 233 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 a (new) 20a. Considers it essential for the Union to develop a regulatory framework based on ethical principles in line with the complexity of AI and its many social, medical and bioethical implications;
Amendment 234 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 b (new) 20b. Points out that the guiding ethical framework should be based on the principles of beneficence, non- maleficence, autonomy and justice, on the principles and values enshrined in Article 2 of the Treaty on European Union and in the Charter of Fundamental Rights, such as human dignity, equality, justice and equity, non-discrimination, informed consent, private and family life and data protection, as well as on other underlying principles and values of the Union law, such as non-stigmatisation, transparency, autonomy, individual responsibility and social responsibility, and on existing ethical practices and codes;
Amendment 235 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 b (new) 20b. Notes that AI inherently relies on gathering large amounts of data, and often on the creation of new databases that are used to make assumptions about people. Emphasis should be placed on identifying and building response mechanisms for potential threats to ensure mitigation of negative effects.
Amendment 236 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 20 c (new) 20c. Stresses the importance, as regards to ethical standards, of ensuring that AI products respect the fundamental rights of individuals and society, which should be protected at Union level, by providing for any necessary technical measures which ensure such respect from the design stage, in accordance with the so-called privacy by design approach;
Amendment 237 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 Amendment 238 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21.
Amendment 239 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21.
Amendment 24 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) Cb. whereas building trusted ecosystem for the development of AI technology should be based on Data policy architecture. This implies the creation of smooth and simplified data collection and management programmes for educational research purposes to enable the development of AI in many domains: medical, financial, biological, energy, industrial, chemical or public sector. Believes that data driven AI ecosystem might be pan-European initiatives launched on open standards, mutual recognition of certificates and transparent rules of interoperability;
Amendment 240 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21.
Amendment 241 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Calls for the creation of an ethical charter of best practice for AI and robotics that companies and experts should follow, including the principles enshrined in the Charter on Robotics annexed to its resolution of 16 February 2017 with recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law on Robotics;
Amendment 242 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 21. Calls for the creation of an ethical charter of the best practice for AI and robotics
Amendment 243 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. Considers that continuous follow up of the AI ethical guidelines implementation and impact to the development of the human centric AI is essential. Ask the Commission to analyse if the voluntary ethical guidelines are sufficient to ensure the inclusive ethically embedded uptake of AI that do not generate economic and social divides in EU societies and suggest if needed regulatory and policy measures;
Amendment 244 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 a (new) 21a. Ensure that any future legal framework for artificial intelligence and robotics shall also develop consistent rules on liability in the field of penal law and war crimes, in order to avoid crimes without criminal accountability.
Amendment 245 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 b (new) 21b. Believes that Europe should lead worldwide by deploying only ethically embedded AI; underlines that to achieve this there is a need to ensure the governance of ethics in AI at different levels; recommends the Member States to instate AI ethics monitoring and oversight bodies and encourage companies developing AI to establish ethics board and elaborate ethical guides for their AI developers;
Amendment 246 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 21 c (new) 21c. Stresses that European standards for AI must be based on the principles of digital ethics, human dignity, respect of fundamental rights, data protection and security, thus contributing to building trust among users; emphasises the importance of capitalising on the EU’s potential for creating a strong infrastructure for AI systems rooted in high standards of data and respect for humans; Notes that, in the development of AI principle, transparency and the explainability need to be embedded;
Amendment 247 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Notes that AI
Amendment 248 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22.
Amendment 249 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 22. Notes that AI will not be flawless but will remain a useful tool
Amendment 25 #
Motion for a resolution Recital C b (new) Cb. whereas the trend towards automation requires that those involved in the development and commercialisation of artificial intelligence applications build in security and ethics at the outset, thereby recognizing that they must be prepared to accept legal liability for the quality of the technology they produce;
Amendment 250 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 22 a (new) 22a. Stresses the difficulty and the complexity to predict the future behaviours of many complex AI systems and the emerging behaviours of interacting AI systems; ask the Commission to evaluate if there is a need for the specific regulations related to AI- enabled decision-making.
Amendment 251 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 Amendment 252 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Highlights the importance of the purpose and intent in the application of AI and the need for a regulatory distinction between mistakes that arise from malfeasance and those that arise from innovative practices;
Amendment 253 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 23. Highlights the need for a regulatory distinction between mistakes that arise from mal
Amendment 254 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 23 a (new) 23a. Notes that in order to implement a socially balanced framework on artificial intelligence and robotics that allows the development of European industries without mass destruction of jobs, social partners have to be involved and considered at EU, Member States and industry level.
Amendment 255 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. C
Amendment 256 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Calls for people to have a right of appeal when AI is used for decisions affecting individuals, which carry a significant risk for an individuals’ rights or freedom or may cause them harm;
Amendment 257 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Calls for people to have a right of appeal when AI is used for decisions affecting individuals especially in sensitive applications;
Amendment 258 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 24. Calls for people to have a right of appeal when AI is used for decisions affecting individuals, and of redress in case of damage;
Amendment 259 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Stresses the importance of addressing the issue of civil liability and social responsibility in all fields;
Amendment 26 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas
Amendment 260 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 24 a (new) 24a. Reiterates that AI systems should not create or reinforce bias; underlines that when developing and using algorithms considerations around bias and fairness must be included at all stages from the design to implementation phase. The data set and the algorithm must be assessed and regularly tested to ensure the decision-making is accurate;
Amendment 261 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Points out that while AI brings great benefits in automation and decision- making, it also carries an inherent risk when the algorithms are static and opaque; stresses, in this context, the need for greater transparency of algorithms in compliance with the principles of equality, transparency and confidentiality;
Amendment 262 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25.
Amendment 263 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Points out that whil
Amendment 264 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 25. Points out
Amendment 265 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. Highlights the importance of the explainability of outputs of the algorithms making them understandable by non- technical audiences, which is necessary to evaluate fairness and gain trust.
Amendment 266 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 25 a (new) 25a. Highlights that transparency and explainability should be users centred and provide meaningful information about the values, processes and outcomes;
Amendment 267 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Points out that the lack of transparency of these technologies raises a
Amendment 268 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Points out that the lack of transparency of these technologies and their applications raises a number of ethical issues including human dignity, safety and right to privacy;
Amendment 269 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 26. Points out that specific ethical issues are raised by the lack of transparency of
Amendment 27 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas in the absence of policy intervention, the implementation of AI alone
Amendment 270 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 a (new) 26a. Notes that AI systems should be accountable to humans and AI systems should provide meaningful information so that feedback can be given; recognises that the strength of AI models is dependent on feedback and reassessment and encourages this process.
Amendment 271 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 26 b (new) 26b. Notes that transparency should be proportionate to the product or services purpose and context;
Amendment 272 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 Amendment 273 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 27. Considers that algorithmic accountability should fall on the operator or provider and be regulated by policy- makers through impact assessments based on established parameters;
Amendment 274 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 27 27.
Amendment 275 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 Amendment 276 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Notes th
Amendment 277 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Notes that
Amendment 278 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Notes that disclosing the computer code itself would be ineffective because it would not reveal the inherent biases that exist and would fail to explain the machine-learning process;
Amendment 279 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Notes that disclosing the computer code itself would be ineffective because it would not reveal the inherent biases that exist and would fail to explain the machine-learning process;
Amendment 28 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas AI alone does not ensure truth or a fair
Amendment 280 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 28. Notes that disclosing the computer code itself and the characteristics of the database would be
Amendment 281 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 28 a (new) 28a. Acknowledges that the transparency of source code could lead to misuse and the gaming of algorithms.
Amendment 282 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 29. Acknowledges that revealing the code or trade secrets would also discourage companies from R&D of new code
Amendment 283 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 a (new) 29a. Stresses the need for the development of protocols for the on-going monitoring and detection of algorithmic bias; Points out that designers of algorithms should be trained and accompanied in order to consider essential requirements such as fairness or explainability from the beginning of the design phase and throughout the development cycle;
Amendment 284 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 a (new) 29a. Notes that although transparency may allow for the discovery of deficiencies, they do not guarantee the reliability, security and fairness of an ADS; therefore, accountability is the most important requirement that can be achieved via different means such as algorithm impact assessments (AIA), auditing and certification.
Amendment 285 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 a (new) 29a. Stresses the need for the development of protocols for the on-going monitoring and detection of algorithmic bias;
Amendment 286 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 b (new) 29b. Acknowledges that although transparency and explainability may allow for the discovery of deficiencies, they do not guarantee the reliability, security and fairness of an ADS; therefore, accountability is the most important requirement that can be achieved via different means such as algorithm impact assessments (AIA), auditing and certification.
Amendment 287 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 b (new) 29b. Stresses that algorithm misused in decision-making systems should not be deployed without a prior Algorithmic Impact Assessment (AIA) unless it is clear that they have no significant impact on the life of individuals;
Amendment 288 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 b (new) 29b. Points out that designers of algorithms should ensure that essential requirements such as fairness or explainability from the beginning of the design phase and throughout the development cycle are adhered to;
Amendment 289 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 c (new) 29c. Stresses that algorithms used in decision-making systems should not be deployed without a prior Algorithmic Impact Assessment (AIA) unless it is clear that they have no significant impact on the life of individuals; the certification of algorithmic decision-making systems should be encouraged and even mandatory in certain sectors.
Amendment 29 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D D. whereas AI alone does not ensure truth or fairness, as bias
Amendment 290 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 c (new) 29c. Νotes the need for developing guidelines describing good development practices;
Amendment 291 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 d (new) 29d. Acknowledges that although transparency and explainability may allow for the discovery of deficiencies, they do not guarantee the reliability, security and fairness; therefore, accountability is the most important requirement.
Amendment 292 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 d (new) 29d. Highlights the principle of transparency, namely that it should always be possible to supply the rationale behind any decision taken with the aid of AI that can have a substantive impact on one or more persons’ lives;
Amendment 293 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 e (new) 29e. Considers that it must always be possible to reduce the AI system´s computations to a form comprehensible by humans; considers that AI products should be equipped with a ‘black box’ which records data on every transaction carried out by the machine, -including the logic that contributed to its decisions - as well as with a “switch-off’ button which would instantly deactivate the AI system after requested by a human.
Amendment 294 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 e (new) 29e. Stresses the importance of showing lineage to be able to trace the history of the AI model. Doing this will help to understand the models better and establish trust through a historical basis.
Amendment 295 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 f (new) 29f. Stresses that AI systems must always identify themselves as such and state that clearly in every interaction they have with humans.
Amendment 296 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 f (new) 29f. Notes that Articles 13-15 of the GDPR mandates that data subjects receive meaningful information about the logic involved.
Amendment 297 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 g (new) 29g. Believes that artificial intelligence, especially those with built-in autonomy, including the capability to independently extract, collect and share sensitive information with various stakeholders, and the possibility of self-learning or even evolving to self-modify, should be subject to robust conceptual laws or principles. Stresses that AI systems must not keep or disclose personal confidential information without explicit approval from the source of that information.
Amendment 298 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 g (new) 29g. Acknowledges the balance that needs to be reached between explainability and accuracy, notes that accuracy can be lost in an attempt to ensure explainability as solutions that cannot be explained may need to be rejected. Calls on the expert groups to determine the appropriate balance.
Amendment 299 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 h (new) 29h. Reiterates that the right to the protection of private life and the right to the protection of personal data as enshrined in Article 7 and 8 CFR and Article 16 TFEU apply to all areas of robotics and artificial intelligence and that the Union legal framework for data protection must be fully complied with; underlines the responsibility of designers of robotics and artificial intelligence to develop products in such a way that they are safe, secure and fit for purpose and follow procedures for data processing compliant with existing legislation, confidentiality, anonymity, fair treatment and due process;
Amendment 3 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 1 b (new) – having regard to the Council Regulation 2018/1488 of 28 September 2018 establishing the European High Performance Computing Joint Undertaking;
Amendment 30 #
Motion for a resolution Recital D a (new) Da. whereas commercial artificial intelligence platforms have moved from testing to real applications in health, environment and energy, transport; whereas machine-learning techniques are at the heart of all main web platforms and big data applications.
Amendment 300 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 h (new) 29h. Calls on the Commission to ensure that any Union legislation on artificial intelligence will include measures and rules which take into account the rapid technological evolution in this field, to ensure that Union legislation does not lag behind the curve of technological development and deployment; stresses the need for such legislation to be compliant with rules on privacy and data protection;
Amendment 301 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 i (new) 29i. Calls on the Commission to ensure that any Union legislation on artificial intelligence will include measures and rules which take into account the rapid technological evolution in this field, to ensure that Union legislation does not lag behind the curve of technological development and deployment; stresses the need for such legislation to be compliant with rules on privacy and data protection, i.e. concerning information obligations, the right to obtain an explanation of a decision based on automated processing, the requirement to follow the principles of privacy by design and by default, the principles of proportionality, necessity, data minimisation, purpose limitation, as well as transparent control mechanisms for data subjects and data protection authorities, and appropriate remedies incompliance with current legislation; calls for the review of rules, principles and criteria regarding the use of cameras and sensors in robots, artificial intelligence in accordance with the Union legal framework for data protection;
Amendment 302 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 i (new) 29i. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to promote strong and transparent cooperation between the public and private sectors and academia that would reinforce knowledge sharing, and to promote education and training for designers on ethical implications, safety and respect of fundamental rights as well as for consumers on the use of robotics and artificial intelligence, with particular focus on safety and data privacy;
Amendment 303 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 j (new) 29j. Suggests that AI research activities should be conducted in accordance with the precautionary principle, anticipating potential safety impacts of outcomes and taking due precautions, proportional to the level of protection, while encouraging progress for the benefit of society and the environment.
Amendment 304 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 k (new) 29k. Notes that AI engineers or the companies employing them should remain accountable for the social, environmental and human health impacts that AI systems or robotics may impose on present and future generations.
Amendment 305 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 l (new) 29l. Stresses that the right to privacy must always be respected. An AI developer should guarantee that individuals are not personally identifiable, aside from exceptional circumstances and then only with clear, unambiguous informed consent. Human informed consent should be pursued and obtained prior to any man-machine interaction. As such, AI designers have a responsibility to develop and follow procedures for valid consent, confidentiality, anonymity, fair treatment and due process. Designers will comply with any requests that any related data be destroyed, and removed from any datasets.
Amendment 306 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 29 m (new) 29m. Calls on the Commission to ensure that applications based on AI should not use data collected from various sources without first the explicit consent of the data subject which has to be reaffirmed on a regular basis. (For example the collection of data by idle sensors, like but not restricted to microphones and cameras.). Calls on the Commission to create a framework that makes sure that explicit consent given by the subject of data, will generate data only for the intended purposes and not for uses that the subject of data did not give his consent.
Amendment 308 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 31 31. Stresses the different models being developed in third countries, concretely in the US, China, Russia and Israel, and highlights the values-based approach used in Europe and the need to work with international partners in bilateral and multilateral settings, for an ethical advancement and adoption of AI; recognises that this technology does not have any borders and requires cooperation beyond that of the EU Member States alone;
Amendment 309 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 31 31. Stresses the different models being developed in third countries, concretely in the US, China, Russia and Israel, and highlights the values-based approach used in Europe and the need to work with international partners;
Amendment 31 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas AI and robotics should be developed to complement humans and human-centred development; whereas such complementarity between AI and human intelligence certainly gives added value to the European economic and social system;
Amendment 310 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 31 31. Stresses the different models being developed in third countries, concretely in the US, China, Russia and Israel, and highlights the values-based approach used in Europe and the need to work with international partners; recognises that this technology does not have any borders and requires cooperation beyond that of the EU Member States alone, also including civil society, NGOs and other social-sector organizations;
Amendment 311 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 31 a (new) 31a. Expresses great concern about the employment of AI applications, including facial and vocal recognition, in programmes of "emotional surveillance", i.e. monitoring the mental conditions of workers and citizens in order to increase productivity and preserve social stability, sometimes coupled with "social credit" systems, for instance those already put in place in China; stresses that programmes as such inherently conflict with European values and norms protecting the rights and freedoms of individuals;
Amendment 312 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 31 a (new) 31a. Underlines that AI is a technology with worldwide impact, giving common benefits and raising similar challenges. As in the case of the economic system and especially in the case of a technology with significant impact on the markets, a global approach is needed. AI needs to be put on the agenda of the existing institutions and organisations and the need for additional fora should be assessed and properly followed up.
Amendment 313 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 32 32. Notes AI is a global phenomenon and consequently a human centric approach to AI will require cooperation and compatible policies across the globe ; Calls on the Commission to work
Amendment 314 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 32 32. Calls on the Commission to work at an international level to ensure maximal consistency between international players noting that the EU would not compromise its own values for reaching those agreements;
Amendment 315 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 32 32. Calls on the Commission to work at an international level to ensure maximal consistency between international players but also to allow the EU to better promote its values worldwide;
Amendment 316 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 32 a (new) 32a. Reiterates its call for the urgent adoption of a EU common position on lethal autonomous weapon systems and for effective international negotiations for the prohibition of the development, production and use of lethal autonomous weapon systems where advanced technologies, including AI, enable strikes to be carried out without meaningful human control;
Amendment 317 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 32 a (new) 32a. Calls on the Commission to work towards developing a strong EU leadership which can prevent duplication/ fragmentation of efforts and ensure national-level policies and the exchange of best practices for wider usage of AI.
Amendment 318 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 33 33. Welcomes the different strategies developed by the Member States; welcomes the action plan on AI of the Commission published on December 5th 2018; calls for better coordination between the Member States and the Commission;
Amendment 319 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 33 33. Welcomes the
Amendment 32 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas AI and robotics should be developed
Amendment 320 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 33 33. Welcomes the different strategies developed by the Member States;
Amendment 321 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 33 a (new) 33a. Calls on the Commission to ensure that start-ups and SMEs will have access and tools to necessary data in order to be competitive in the AI race.
Amendment 322 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 33 a (new) 33a. Calls on the Commission to reinforce cybersecurity capacity by further combining and coordinating efforts across Europe;
Amendment 323 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 33 b (new) 33b. Stresses that a harmonised, risk- based and progressive EU data policy framework would increase trust and support the path of AI in Europe, thereby ensuring the completion of the Digital Single Market and increased productivity of European based businesses;
Amendment 324 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 34 Amendment 325 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 34 34. Calls on the Commission to consider setting up a task force or a European Oversight Mechanism for AI with a view to providing the technical, ethical and regulatory expertise needed to support the relevant public actors, at both Union and Member State level, in their efforts to ensure a timely, ethical and well- informed response to the new opportunities and challenges; as well as to provide guidance to industry and academia in the development and use of ethical AI; Such an entity could safeguard that AI systems are designed and operate to reflect human values such as fairness, accountability, and transparency and avoid (new)inequalities and biases
Amendment 326 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 34 a (new) 34a. Believes that enhanced cooperation between the Member States and the Commission is necessary in order to guarantee coherent cross-border rules in the Union which encourage the collaboration between European industries and allow the deployment in the whole Union of AI which are consistent with the required levels of safety and security, as well as the ethical principles enshrined in Union law;
Amendment 327 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 34 a (new) 34a. Recommends that existing and future AI-related initiatives and pilot projects carried out by the Commission should be closely coordinated with Member States, so as to ensure the creation of real added value while avoiding costly double structures;
Amendment 328 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 34 b (new) 34b. Emphasises that the Union has an excellent opportunity to become the global leader in the responsible innovation of AI and to be a credible actor in shaping its development and markets globally, in collaboration with our international partners in a socially robust and ethically sound manner;
Amendment 329 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 34 c (new) 34c. Recommends that existing and future AI-related initiatives and pilot projects carried out by the Commission should be closely coordinated, possibly under the guidance of the proposed oversight mechanism, so as to realise synergy effects and ensure the creation of real added value while avoiding costly double structures;
Amendment 33 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas AI and robotics should be developed to complement humans and human-centred development, and not to replace it;
Amendment 330 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 34 d (new) 34d. Calls on the Commission and the Member States to consider the creation of a European regulatory agency for AI and algorithmic decision-making tasked with: ○ Establishing a risk assessment matrix for classifying algorithm types and application domains according to potential for significant negative impact on citizens. ○ Investigating the use of algorithmic systems where there is a suspicion (e.g. evidence provided by a whistle-blower) of infringement of human rights. ○ Advising other regulatory agencies regarding algorithmic systems as they apply to the remit of those agencies. ○ Facilitating the effectiveness of the tort liability mechanism as means for regulating accountability of algorithmic systems by providing a contact point for citizens who are not familiar with legal procedures. ○ Auditing the Algorithmic Impact Assessments of high-level impact systems to approve or reject the proposed uses of algorithmic decision-making in highly sensitive and/or safety-critical application domains (e.g. private health-care). The Algorithmic Impact Assessment for private sector applications could follow a very similar process as the one we proposed for the public sector, with the possible difference that the various stages of public disclosure could be handled as confidential communication to the regulatory agency (under non-disclosure agreement) in order to safeguard vital trade secrets. ○ Investigating suspected cases of rights violations by algorithmic decision-making systems, for both individual decision instances (e.g. singular aberrant outcomes) and statistical decision patterns (e.g. discriminatory bias). Investigations could be triggered following the lodging of complaints, or on the basis of evidence provided by whistle-blowers, investigative journalists or independent researchers (including NGOs and academics).
Amendment 34 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E E. whereas AI and robotics should be developed to complement and prioritize humans and promote human-centred development;
Amendment 35 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. considers that Europe’s researchers and companies are involved in a wide variety of blockchain topics, with themes ranging from supply chain, government services, finance, IoT, healthcare, media, smart cities, energy and transport. Europe is strong in important fields related to blockchain like Artificial intelligence. Blockchain can play an important role in enhancing European innovation.
Amendment 36 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas cybersecurity technologies such as digital identities, cryptography or intrusion detection, and their application in areas such as finance, industry 4.0, energy, transportation, healthcare, or e-government are essential to safeguard the security and trust of online activity and transactions by both citizens, public administrations, and companies;
Amendment 37 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas artificial intelligence, together with the data that fuel it, constitutes a new critical infrastructure of our society, the maintenance of which requires ambitious and long term technological policies combining targeted public investments and new welfare measures oriented to the common good;
Amendment 38 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas text and data mining serves as a foundation for AI and machine learning applications, and are vital for SME's and start-ups because they allow them to access to large quantities of data to train AI algorithms;
Amendment 39 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E a (new) Ea. whereas AI might be very energy intensive, it is important to advance AI use at the same time that we keep our energy efficiency and circular economy targets intact.
Amendment 4 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 1 b (new) – having regard to the European Parliament resolution of 11 September 2018 on language equality in the digital age(2018/2028(INI)),
Amendment 40 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E b (new) Eb. whereas machine-learning and predictive models employing artificial intelligence are at the core of a dangerous economic model where goods are offered for free, while citizens risk becoming products themselves; whereas citizens should be given all the necessary means to protect their data and preserve their identities, thus exercising their technological sovereignty;
Amendment 41 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E b (new) Eb. whereas AI should fully support all European languages to provide all Europeans with equal opportunities to benefit from modern AI developments within the multilingual European information society;
Amendment 42 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E b (new) Eb. whereas AI can significantly help Europe achieve its overreaching economic, social and environmental goals, as embedded in the EU Agenda 2030.
Amendment 43 #
Motion for a resolution Recital E c (new) Ec. whereas further development and increased use of automated and algorithmic decision-making undoubtedly has an impact on the choices that a private person (such as a business or an internet user) and an administrative, judicial or other public authority take in rendering their final decision of a consumer, business or authoritative nature; whereas safeguards and the possibility of human control and verification need to be built into the process of automated and algorithmic decision-making;
Amendment 44 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that automation will increase productivity derived from artificial intelligence
Amendment 45 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that automation
Amendment 46 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that automation
Amendment 47 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 1. Stresses that automation derived from artificial intelligence will increase productivity and therefore increase output; notes that, as in previous technological revolutions, some jobs will be replaced but new jobs will also be created, albeit not necessarily in the same sector or at the same level of qualification; stresses that education and training are thus crucial for avoiding net job losses and ensuring greater prosperity for all;
Amendment 48 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Notes that all major technological advancements required a transition period, one where the majority of the society needed to gain a deeper understanding of the technology and integrate it into their daily life. As a principle, the implementation of AI in activities that allow for interaction with the public must be accompanied by timely and proper information. In order to facilitate the adoption process, citizens need to be always informed if AI is involved in their interactions with what until recent was a human led interaction and be offered a easily identifiable alternative.
Amendment 49 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Notes the recent developments in monitoring and adapting to behavioural analytics. Calls on the Commission to develop an ethical framework that limits its use. Urges the European Commission to create awareness and an information campaign on AI and its use on behavioural analytics. Calls for the introduction of ethical rules on brain computer interface use and applications (such as mind reading) in order to avoid negative implication of that technology.
Amendment 5 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 2 a (new) – having regard to its resolution of 16 February 2017 with recommendations to the Commission on Civil Law Rules on Robotics;
Amendment 50 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Calls on the Commission to analyse the psychological, perceptive, social and behavioural impacts on active and passive users resulting from the dissemination of artificial intelligence and robotics in the lives of citizens, particularly those at the developmental age, also focusing on phenomena like digital addiction and overreliance and misuse of technology;
Amendment 51 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Highlights the overall positive impact AI and robotics can have on most sectors, including industry, production, transport, societal services and health, on top of the value created by the technological innovation and research towards its realisation; thus, believes that the Union should facilitate this development by ensuring that academia, industry and start-ups are supported by a flexible and least-restrictive regulatory framework, enabling Europe to spearhead the development of AI and its integration in the economy; points to that rules and regulation on AI and its use should in principle be guided by the same rules and ethical code as in the human society;
Amendment 52 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Considers that in order to maximize the benefits of artificial intelligence it must not be used for a mere substitution of workers, but it must help to create more quality and decent jobs and scale-up the whole production of a company.
Amendment 53 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Recommends that Member States alongside private sector actors identify the risks and develop strategies to ensure relevant retraining and reskilling programmes are developed.
Amendment 54 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Calls on the European Commission to examine the impacts that the applied AI solutions in industry may bring to the EU labour force;
Amendment 55 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Welcomes the setup of AI-based participative platforms allowing citizens to be effectively heard and interact with governments by making proposals, including through participatory budgets and other instruments of direct democracy; stresses that bottom-up projects can foster citizen participation and help people take informed decisions in a more effective and democratic way; cites as an example of this the projects "Better Reykjavik" and "Active Citizen" developed by the city of Reykjavik;
Amendment 56 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Calls on the Commission to propose a framework that penalizes perception manipulation practices when personalized content or news feed leads to negative feelings and distortion of the perception of reality that might lead to negative consequences (for example, election outcomes, or distorted perceptions on social matters like migration).
Amendment 57 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Stresses that a competitive research environment is key to developing artificial intelligence; underlines the importance of supporting excellent research, including fundamental science and high-risk high-reward projects, and to foster a European research area with attractive conditions for funding, mobility and access to infrastructure across the Union, based on a principle of openness towards third countries and expertise from outside the Union; furthermore, highlights the significance of European initiatives on cloud computing and high- performance computing, which will further enhance the development of deep- learning algorithms and the processing of big data; strongly believes that for these initiatives to be successful and relevant to the development of AI, the infrastructure needs to be open to both public and private entities based in the Union and elsewhere, and be governed by least- restrictive access criteria;
Amendment 58 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Recommends that Member States together with businesses, educators and other relevant stakeholders identify the groups that are most at risk of displacement due to AI and develop strategies to manage this transition by supporting reskilling programs, improving professional education and long-life trainings for the current and future workforce with particular focus on SMS; underlines that companies themselves have to invest in training and reskilling of existing workforce in order to meet their needs.
Amendment 59 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Stresses that the development of robotics in the EU will have a strong impact on industrial relations. Believes that this impact should be addressed in a balanced manner so as to promote the reindustrialisation and allow also the workers to enjoy the productivity gains.
Amendment 6 #
Motion for a resolution Citation 2 b (new) – having regard to its resolution of 12 September 2018 on autonomous weapon systems;
Amendment 60 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 c (new) 1c. Stresses the need to avoid that the deployment of artificial intelligence and robotics aggravate the growing inequalities and divisions of our society by leading to a higher concentration of wealth and influence in the hands of a minority; calls on the Commission to analyse the transformative effects of AI and robotics on the welfare systems, with the aim of defining how European distribution and solidarity mechanisms will have to change in order to maintain, or even improve, social protection standards, regardless of age, nationality, gender or employment status;
Amendment 61 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 c (new) 1c. Calls on the Commission to respect the right of citizens to an offline life and to ensure that there will be no discrimination of citizens that there are no data recorded on them.
Amendment 62 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 1 c (new) 1c. Underlines that a rapid development of 5G is essential to secure that the Union can reap the full benefits of AI, making it possible to renew and develop industries and services, which are the backbone of the European economy, as well as to support the emergence of new services, production and markets, which is essential in order to safeguard new jobs and a high level of employment;
Amendment 63 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Urges Member States to focus on retraining workers in
Amendment 64 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Urges Member States to focus on retraining workers in the industries most affected by automation; stresses that new education programmes should focus on developing the skills of workers so that they can seize job opportunities within the new jobs created by AI, encourages the development of digital literacy programmes in schools, the development of apprenticeships and vocational training priorities;
Amendment 65 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Urges the Commission and Member States to focus on retraining workers in the industries most affected by the automation of tasks; stresses that new education programmes should focus on developing the skills of workers so that they can seize job opportunities within the new jobs created by AI;
Amendment 66 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 2. Urges Member States and the Commission to focus on
Amendment 67 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 – point 1 (new) (1) Calls on the Commission to promote lifelong learning in scientific and mathematical subjects with a view to supporting the development of the digital skills and tools necessary to underpin AI- and robotics-related processes;
Amendment 68 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1 (new) Urges the Commission and the Member States to develop and pursue digital skills training and retraining strategies that can ensure European society’s active and inclusive participation in the paradigm shift;
Amendment 69 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 – subparagraph 1 (new) Urges the Commission and the Member States to develop and pursue digital skills training and retraining strategies that can ensure European society’s active and inclusive participation in the paradigm shift;
Amendment 7 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have the potential to enrich our lives and further our capabilities, both as individuals and for the common good;
Amendment 70 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Underlines that the current debate on skills takes an approach based on the need to ensure qualified developers and informed users. The answer to that is in general a narrow list of skills and educational programs, which could become obsolete as soon as issued, due to the fast pace of technological advances. The answer to this challenge is to design a delivery system that allows skills to be acquired as needed, sufficiently funded by the European Union, Member States and the private sector.
Amendment 71 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Calls on the Commission and Member States to ensure protection of workers and working conditions in the face of technological transformation, providing for those who lose their jobs during re-skilling to avoid large-scale economic or social unrest in line with the European Pillar of Social Rights;
Amendment 72 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Calls on the Commission and Member States to ensure protection of workers and working conditions in the face of technological transformation, providing for those who lose their jobs during re-skilling to avoid large-scale economic or social unrest in line with the European Pillar of Social Rights;
Amendment 73 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Believes that digital literacy is one of the most important factors for future AI development. Notes that the digital literacy can support wide participation in the data economy solutions and facilitate communication and cooperation with all partners in the digital relationships;
Amendment 74 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Stresses the need to reconsider the working hours/income paradigm in light of the new industrial revolution that is propelled by artificial intelligence and robotics, and to create new employment sustainability models, including through the introduction of a minimum citizens’ income;
Amendment 75 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Notes the importance of boosting learning within active digital communities (for example blogs, social networks, or webinars) through ‘learning by doing’ methodologies;
Amendment 76 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Urges Member States to address barriers to entry in the labour force such as excessive qualifications
Amendment 77 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Highlights the key role played by the European Institute of Innovation and Technology and the European Digital Innovation Hubs in creating synergies between the training system, industry and research in order to support the creation of new digital skills and new job profiles relating to the technological transformation; points out that the European Digital Innovation Hubs should provide digital transformation services – including testing and experimentation facilities – and enabling technologies demonstrators targeted at SMEs, start-ups and midcaps, also in sectors that are slow in the uptake of digital and related technologies;
Amendment 78 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Calls on the Commission to invest in education and skills for workers but at the same time to explore and evaluate other supporting measures such as a universal basic income or an increased social security for a transitional period and for specific job sectors that might be drastically affected by the introduction of advanced AI systems and automation.
Amendment 79 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Calls on the Commission to invest in education and skills for workers but at the same time to explore and evaluate other supporting measures such as a universal basic income or an increased social security for a transitional period and for specific job sectors that might be drastically affected by the introduction of advanced AI systems and automation.
Amendment 8 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A A. whereas ethics embedded artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have the potential to enrich our lives and further our capabilities;
Amendment 80 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Notes that as citizens of all ages, from children to elderly, can be potentially impacted. Education curricula needs to be adapted, including through the establishment of new learning paths and the use of new delivery technologies.
Amendment 81 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 2 c (new) 2c. Stresses the importance of using devices such as exoskeletons and digital twins in many industrial sectors, in order to ensure that people are safe in dangerous workplaces;
Amendment 82 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI and robotics have potential benefits in the care-giving sector as life expectancy increases, for instance helping doctors and nurses to have more time for high value activities(e.g. patient interaction);
Amendment 83 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 4. Recognises that the increased use of sensors in the field of robotics has enhanced the scope of care giving and enables patients to have more personalised treatment and services, generate more meaningful data as well as receive care remotely from their own homes;
Amendment 84 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Recommends a focus on clear disclosure of AI devices being utilized by seniors with their families, caregivers and manufacturers or health/insurance providers to avoid manipulation or data breaches that could cause widespread harm regarding AI adoption or consumer trust;
Amendment 85 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Notes that automated weapons systems should continue to have a human-in-command approach to artificial intelligence.
Amendment 86 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Calls on the Commission to consider the creation of centres of excellence for the monitoring of robot technologies, suggest the creation of a data bases of AI applications describing the characteristics and taxonomy in order to model a framework of regulatory sandboxes, running hackathons that promote AI for good, create a code of conduct and standards that could be the beneficial outcome of that AI excellence centre in helping member states and private stakeholders.
Amendment 89 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 Amendment 9 #
Motion for a resolution Recital A a (new) Amendment 90 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5.
Amendment 91 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5.
Amendment 92 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 5. Welcomes the ambition of Japan’s Robot Strategy
Amendment 93 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Notes that citizens are concerned about not knowing when AI is being used and what information will be processed. Recommends that there is disclosure when AI is used by consumers. To maintain consumer trust, it is important that data transmitted remains secure.
Amendment 94 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Stresses that investment in the development of AI ethics should also be encouraged. Believes that any model should have ethics by design.
Amendment 95 #
Motion for a resolution Subheading 3 a (new) Artificial intelligence for overcoming language barriers and improving cross- culture communication
Amendment 96 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Stresses that artificial intelligence technologies need to support all EU languages in order to be inclusive and comply with European multilingualism policy; Recalls the European Parliament request to set up a large-scale, long-term funding programme with the aim of developing the next breakthroughs in automated language understanding of all European languages in line with the “Human Language Project”. Notes that Artificial intelligence and language technology can provide important applications to foster Europe’s unity in its diversity: automated translation, conversational agents and personal assistants, spoken-language interfaces for robots and the internet of things, smart analytics, automated identification of online propaganda, fake news, hate speech;
Amendment 97 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 b (new) Amendment 98 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Welcomes the Commission’s proposal on the digital Europe programme and the budget of 2.5 billion euros pledged to artificial intelligence as well as increased funding under the horizon 2020 programme. Understands the importance of EU funding complementing Member State and industry research budgets for AI and the need for collaboration between public, private and EU research programmes.
Amendment 99 #
Motion for a resolution Paragraph 5 c (new) 5c. Notes that although Artificial Intelligence has a purely technological research and innovation component, research on AI must also be undertaken in the social, ethical and liability areas;
source: 631.926
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