The European Parliament adopted by 404 votes to 78, with 130 abstentions, a resolution containing recommendations to the Commission on quality traineeships in the European Union.

Parliament called on the Commission to submit a proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on a framework for quality traineeships, and a proposal for a decision of the European Parliament and of the Council on a quality framework for traineeships undertaken with the aim of obtaining educational qualifications.

According to Members, the new directive will set minimum quality standards , including rules on the duration of traineeships, as well as on compensation and access to social protection, in accordance with national schemes. Trainees covered by the Decision should have access to adequate compensation determined by each Member State on the basis of national socio-economic conditions and the cost of living. It should cover at least basic living needs such as food, accommodation and transport. It should be financial or otherwise complemented by in kind benefits.

High-quality traineeships

Members called on the Commission and the Member States to facilitate and improve access for young people to high-quality, paid, inclusive traineeships , particularly for those coming from vulnerable backgrounds, with a view to achieving the Union’s objective of social cohesion and inclusion. Stressing the need for high-quality traineeships to enhance the skills and employability of young people, Members stressed the need to offer traineeships in areas linked to skills needs , labour shortages and future oriented sectors in view of both the green and digital transitions.

To avoid supporting poor-quality and unpaid traineeships, Parliament stressed that employers should only receive public support and be able to use it if they comply with quality criteria, legislation and collective agreements . It is also necessary to prevent young people from doing several consecutive traineeships by strictly monitoring the use of contracts aimed at ensuring the transition between education and the labour market.

Revision of the current framework

Parliament called on the Commission to update and strengthen the 2014 Council Recommendation and to turn it into a stronger legislative instrument. The Commission should also include the following additional principles in an updated quality framework for traineeships:

- access to adequate compensation in line with the cost of living;

- access to social protection by trainees in accordance with national schemes,

- increased access to traineeships for trainees from vulnerable backgrounds, including trainees with disabilities, using an intersectional approach;

- accessible workplaces

- compliance of any remote part of a traineeship with quality criteria;

- clear learning objectives and access to adequate mentorship and to the guidance of trained mentors to ensure intergenerational transfers of skills;

- in cooperation with the national labour inspectorates and relevant authorities, report malpractice and poor conditions during the traineeship period by means of established channels.

Assistance and awareness-raising

Parliament condemned the use of traineeship status for contracting highly skilled and specialised workers , when in reality they are employees and their employment relationship should be recognised as such. It considered that such abusive practice often results in job insecurity, lower pay and a lack of social protection, in particular no paid holidays, sickness protection or parental leave, and also no end-of-year bonuses. The importance of not allowing such practices to be formalised and legitimised is stressed.

Members recalled the central role that the European Social Fund Plus (ESF+), the Recovery and Resilience Facility and its associated scoreboard linking funding to policies for the NextGenerationEU instrument, and the Youth Guarantee can play in contributing to an increase in the number of high-quality traineeships including those that are accessible to disadvantaged groups.

The Commission is invited to: (i) raise awareness at national, regional and local level of available Union funds to ensure the accessibility by all to high-quality traineeships; (ii) support the exchange of best practices between the Members States in the area of high-quality traineeships that are accessible to all; (iii) convey guidelines for adequate monitoring schemes to ensure uniformity of data collection.

Parliament called on the Member States to put in place adequate monitoring systems to ensure the quality of trainees' first work experience. It also asked national labour market inspectorates to ensure compliance with existing regulations on quality traineeships.

Accessibility

The resolution stressed that quality traineeships must be inclusive and accessible to all . In particular, it stressed the need to help people with disabilities gain access to quality traineeships while ensuring that the recruitment process is inclusive.

Members called for traineeships to be accessible to people of all ages, while stressing the need to provide opportunities for young people from disadvantaged backgrounds, in particular young persons who are neither in employment nor in education or training (NEETs). They called on the Member States to do more to encourage traineeships abroad and, in this respect, highlighted the potential of EURES as a tool for matching training and placement.

The Committee on Employment and Social Affairs adopted a legislative initiative report by Monica SEMEDO (Renew, LU) containing recommendations to the Commission on quality traineeships in the EU.

Members stressed that traineeships are primarily a learning experience that should not replace entry-level jobs. They called on the Commission and the Member States, in close cooperation with the social partners, to facilitate and improve access for young people to high-quality, paid, inclusive traineeships , particularly for those coming from vulnerable backgrounds.

The report highlighted the need for quality traineeships to improve young people's skills and employability, as well as the need to properly educate and train young people for the needs of the labour market in order to tackle skills mismatches. There is a need to offer traineeships in areas linked to skills needs, labour shortages and future oriented sectors in view of both the green and the digital transition.

To avoid supporting poor-quality and unpaid traineeships, employers should only receive public support and be able to use it if they comply with quality criteria, legislation and collective agreements. It is also necessary to prevent young people from doing several consecutive traineeships by strictly monitoring the use of contracts aimed at ensuring the transition between education and the labour market.

Revision of the current framework

The report called on the Commission to update and strengthen the 2014 Council Recommendation and to turn it into a stronger legislative instrument. The Commission should also include the following additional principles in an updated quality framework for traineeships:

- access to adequate compensation in line with the cost of living;

- access to social protection by trainees in accordance with national schemes,

- increased access to traineeships for trainees from vulnerable backgrounds, including trainees with disabilities, using an intersectional approach;

- accessible workplaces

- compliance of any remote part of a traineeship with quality criteria;

- clear learning objectives and access to adequate mentorship and to the guidance of trained mentors to ensure intergenerational transfers of skills;

- in cooperation with the national labour inspectorates and relevant authorities, report malpractice and poor conditions during the traineeship period by means of established channels.

The Commission is called on the Commission to propose a directive on open labour market traineeships, traineeships in the context of active labour market policies (ALMPs) and traineeships that are a mandatory part of professional training, in order to ensure minimum quality standards, including rules on the duration of the traineeships, access to social protection in accordance with national law and practice as well as remuneration that ensures a decent standard of living in order to avoid exploitative practices.

Assistance, awareness-raising, good practice

While condemning the use of trainee status for contracting highly skilled and specialised workers, the report highlighted the central role that the European Social Fund Plus (ESF+), the Recovery and Resilience Facility and its Scoreboard, which links funding to Next Generation EU measures, and the Youth Guarantee can play in increasing the number of high-quality traineeships, including for disadvantaged groups.

The Commission is invited to: (i) raise awareness at national, regional and local level of the EU funds available to ensure access to quality traineeships for all; (ii) support the exchange of best practice between Member States on quality traineeships for all; and (iii) provide assistance to Member States on legal issues related to the implementation of a quality framework for traineeships.

The report called on Member States to put in place adequate monitoring systems to ensure the quality of trainees' first work experience, and invited the Commission to convey guidelines for adequate monitoring systems to ensure uniformity of data collection. It called on national labour market inspectorates to ensure compliance with existing regulations on quality traineeships. It also called for better and more comparable data on traineeships to be collected at Member State and EU level.

Accessibility

The report stressed that quality traineeships must be inclusive and accessible to all . In particular, it stressed the need to help people with disabilities gain access to quality traineeships while ensuring that the recruitment process is inclusive. It called for traineeships to be accessible to people of all ages, while stressing the need to provide opportunities for young people from disadvantaged backgrounds, in particular young NEETs. It called on the Member States to do more to encourage traineeships abroad and, in this respect, highlighted the potential of EURES as a tool for matching training and placement.

In conclusion, the Commission is asked to:

- present a proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council, based on Article 153(2)(b) TFEU, in conjunction with paragraph 1(b) thereof, on a framework for quality traineeships;

- submit a proposal for a Decision of the European Parliament and of the Council, based on Article 166(4) TFEU, on a quality framework for traineeships.