2020/2017(INI) Artificial intelligence in education, culture and the audiovisual sector
Next event: Indicative plenary sitting date, 1st reading/single reading 2021/05/17 more...
Lead committee dossier:
Next event: Indicative plenary sitting date, 1st reading/single reading 2021/05/17 more...
- Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading 2021/03/16
- Amendments tabled in committee 2020/10/08
- Committee opinion 2020/09/22
- Committee opinion 2020/09/14
Progress: Awaiting committee decision
Role | Committee | Rapporteur | Shadows |
---|---|---|---|
Lead | CULT | VERHEYEN Sabine ( EPP) | GARCÍA DEL BLANCO Ibán ( S&D), JOVEVA Irena ( Renew), KOLAJA Marcel ( Verts/ALE), ANDERSON Christine ( ID), MELBĀRDE Dace ( ECR), MICHELS Martina ( GUE/NGL) |
Committee Opinion | IMCO | VAN SPARRENTAK Kim ( Verts/ALE) | Anne-Sophie PELLETIER ( GUE/NGL), Alessandra BASSO ( ID) |
Committee Opinion | JURI | DZHAMBAZKI Angel ( ECR) | Antonius MANDERS ( PPE), Emmanuel MAUREL ( GUE/NGL), Stéphane SÉJOURNÉ ( RE), Ibán GARCÍA DEL BLANCO ( S&D) |
Committee Opinion | LIBE | KOVAŘÍK Ondřej ( Renew) | Paul TANG ( S&D), Gwendoline DELBOS-CORFIELD ( Verts/ALE), Anne-Sophie PELLETIER ( GUE/NGL) |
Committee Opinion | FEMM | CARVALHO Maria da Graça ( EPP) | Gwendoline DELBOS-CORFIELD ( Verts/ALE), Susana SOLÍS PÉREZ ( RE), Maria-Manuel LEITÃO-MARQUES ( S&D) |
Lead committee dossier:
Legal Basis:
RoP 54
Legal Basis:
RoP 54Subjects
Events
2021/05/17
Indicative plenary sitting date, 1st reading/single reading
2021/03/16
EP - Vote in committee, 1st reading/single reading
2020/10/08
EP - Amendments tabled in committee
Documents
2020/09/22
EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2020/09/14
EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2020/07/30
EP - Committee draft report
Documents
2020/07/16
EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2020/07/06
EP - Committee opinion
Documents
2020/02/18
EP - VAN SPARRENTAK Kim (Verts/ALE) appointed as rapporteur in IMCO
2020/02/18
EP - DZHAMBAZKI Angel (ECR) appointed as rapporteur in JURI
2020/01/16
EP - Committee referral announced in Parliament, 1st reading/single reading
2020/01/16
EP - Referral to associated committees announced in Parliament
2020/01/15
EP - CARVALHO Maria da Graça (EPP) appointed as rapporteur in FEMM
2020/01/13
EP - KOVAŘÍK Ondřej (Renew) appointed as rapporteur in LIBE
2019/12/17
EP - VERHEYEN Sabine (EPP) appointed as rapporteur in CULT
Documents
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE658.907
- Committee opinion: PE652.373
- Committee opinion: PE646.839
- Committee draft report: PE655.862
- Committee opinion: PE650.370
- Committee opinion: PE648.349
- Committee opinion: PE648.349
- Committee opinion: PE650.370
- Committee draft report: PE655.862
- Committee opinion: PE646.839
- Committee opinion: PE652.373
- Amendments tabled in committee: PE658.907
Activities
- Maria da Graça CARVALHO
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Fabio Massimo CASTALDO
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Angel DZHAMBAZKI
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Eva MAYDELL
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Martina MICHELS
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Paul TANG
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Laurence FARRENG
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Marcel KOLAJA
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Ibán GARCÍA DEL BLANCO
Plenary Speeches (0)
- Beata MAZUREK
Plenary Speeches (0)
Amendments | Dossier |
331 |
2020/2017(INI)
2020/04/15
IMCO
120 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Paragraph -1 (new) -1. Whereas AI has the potential to offer solutions for day-to-day challenges of the education sector such as the personalisation of learning, monitoring learning difficulties and automation of subject-specific content/knowledge, providing better professional training and support the transition to a digital society;
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has
Amendment 100 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6.
Amendment 101 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation
Amendment 102 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation algorithms and personalised marketing on audiovisual platforms, including video streaming platforms and news platforms, and on platforms disseminating cultural and creative content, to be transparent, in order to give consumers and users insight into these processes and ensure that personalised services are not discriminatory; stresses the need to guarantee and properly implement the right of users to easily and reversibly opt out from recommended and personalised services.
Amendment 103 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation algorithms and personalised marketing on audiovisual platforms, including video streaming platforms and news platforms, to be transparent, in order to give consumers an accurate and comprehensive insight into these processes and ensure that personalised services are not discriminatory or incomplete; stresses the need to guarantee and properly implement the right of users to opt out from recommended and personalised services.
Amendment 104 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation algorithms and personalised marketing on audiovisual platforms, including video streaming platforms and news platforms, to be transparent, in order to give consumers an accurate insight into these processes and content, and ensure that personalised services are not discriminatory; stresses the need to guarantee and properly implement the right of users to opt out from recommended and personalised services.
Amendment 105 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation
Amendment 106 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation algorithms and personalised marketing on audiovisual platforms, including video streaming platforms and news platforms, to be
Amendment 107 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Calls for audiovisual platforms to be responsible for their content in order to protect the rights of both consumers and pupils, ensuring that their fundamental rights are not infringed, and in order to prevent fake news and disinformation;
Amendment 108 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Considers that, since automatic translation tools have made so much progress, content providers and commercial digital platforms should be encouraged to provide subtitling of educational and cultural programmes in the languages of the European Union;
Amendment 109 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Notes that the access to data is a challenge that stakeholders face and might have an impact on developing and AI ecosystem; points toward anachronic legislation like the Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases and calls for its removal.
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically; considers that all products and services developed with public funding should be published under open-source licenses and be accessible to the general public;
Amendment 110 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. recalls how Artificial intelligence could be a perfect tool to allow a wide audience of users to remotely enjoy public cultural heritage (e.g. exhibitions or museums) for information purposes, "tourism", but also research; therefore encourages cultural institutions to exploit the potential of AI to make their contents widely accessible;
Amendment 111 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Suggests that audiovisual content for educational purposes should be catalogued and classified according to age groups in order to facilitate an effective selection of the most suitable contents;
Amendment 112 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) Amendment 113 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Stresses the need to improve the digital skills of educators, learners and wider society, whilst having regard to ´A Europe fit for the digital age´; emphasises that the AI solutions, products and services for the public sector and specifically for the education, must be human-centric or have human-in- command approach; recognises that the AI market amounts to around USD 664 million and is expected to grow to USD 38.8 billion by 2025; expects that the EU enhances its approach to promoting investment and financing of new AI solutions; underlines the need for constant strengthening of the single market and avoiding its fragmentation; stresses the need to integrate AI services into the Digital single market strategy;
Amendment 114 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Underlines that consumers shall be informed when they are interacting with an automated decision process and that their choices and performance are not limited; stresses that the use of AI mechanisms on commercial surveillance of consumers shall be countered, even if it concerns "free services", ensuring that it is strictly in line with fundamental rights and GDPR; all regulatory changes shall take in consideration the impact on vulnerable consumers.
Amendment 115 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6 a. Points out to the fact that creations made by AI, if marketed, could create distortions in the cultural and creative sector, affecting pricing and remuneration to the detriment of human creators.
Amendment 116 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Points out that the deployment, development and implementation of AI must make it easier for consumers and pupils with some form of disability to use tools to access audiovisual content;
Amendment 117 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Considers that commercial digital platforms should be encouraged to provide access to their programmes in all the languages in which their content is disseminated in Europe, i.e. without blocking access to certain languages according to the geographical location of the consumer when the oral or written version is available for other countries of dissemination.
Amendment 118 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. supports the use of AI related to the dissemination of texts and manuscripts, especially ancient ones, through the web, to preserve them from destruction but at the same time to make them accessible to a wide mass of users, including researchers, experts and scholars.
Amendment 119 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 b (new) 6 b. Calls on the authorities and private education providers to include in the education curriculum content for building digital skills in an increasingly digital society, underlines the need for upskilling future workforce; recognises the benefit of forecasting jobs that will be disrupted by digital technology such as automation, digitalisation and AI.
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to support public procurement in intelligent digital services, to encourage public authorities to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically and delivers real improvements for those concerned, at an affordable cost to the taxpayer;
Amendment 120 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 c (new) 6c. Points out that the AI systems that are developed, implemented and used in the European Union, in any of the three sectors referred to in this report, must reflect the EU's cultural diversity and multilingualism.
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically; stresses the need to take into account the technological, regulatory and social aspects of the introduction of AI in education;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs, especially of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged, and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully, lawfully and ethically;
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1.
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, parents, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners, schoolchildren and students and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically;
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, th
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, teachers, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically;
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Paragraph -1 a (new) -1 a. Whereas AI could have practical applications in reducing the administrative work of educators and education institutions and to free up time for their core teaching and learning activities;
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Welcomes the use of AI-based products in education and the potential of technology to make high-quality education available to all EU pupils, especially in sparsely populated and socio- economically vulnerable areas;
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Acknowledges that although development of AI and automated decision-making processes may present challenges for consumer trust and welfare, it's a major tool that can benefit EU consumers and companies to boost the economy and the internal market; welcomes the human-centric approach of AI, as a tool to serve people with the ultimate aim of increasing well-being;
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Underlines that algorithmic systems can be an enabler for reducing the digital divide in an accelerated way, but unequal deployment is of nature of creating new divides or accelerate the deepening of the existing ones; calls for measures and investments meant to ensure the cohesion and sharing of the benefits of AI and related technologies;
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Stresses the importance to avoid a purely notional and sterile use of AI in education which would undermine educational bonds between pupils, students and other learners and teachers, as well as between children and parents; the human dimension of education must remain at the forefront;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be reviewed to avoid
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners; points out, accordingly, that appropriate conformity assessments are needed, to verify and ensure that all the provisions concerning high-risk applications are complied with, including test, inspection and certification requirements; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be reviewed, to ensure that they are reliable and accurate, to avoid reinforcing gender stereotypes and other biases based on gender, ethnic and racial origin, religion or beliefs, disability, age or sexual orientation;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the public and private education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be reviewed to avoid
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Paragraph -1 b (new) -1 b. Whereas the application of AI in education raises concerns around the ethical use of data, learners’ rights, data access, protection of personal data and therefore entails fundamental rights’ risks such as the creation of stereotyped models of learners' profiles and behaviour that could lead to discrimination or risks of doing harm by the scaling-up of bad pedagogical practices;
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners;
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners in order to promote the public good and the public well-being of society; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be reviewed to avoid reinforcing gender stereotypes and other biases;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be reviewed to avoid reinforcing gender, religious, cultural and national stereotypes and other biases;
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be reviewed to avoid
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls on the Commission to include the education sector in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Paragraph -1 c (new) -1 c. Whereas AI applications are omnipresent in the audio-visual sector, in particular on audio-visual content platforms;
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Points out that all children are entitled to a high-quality public education at every level; calls, therefore, for the development, deployment and use of high- quality AI systems that provide pupils at all levels with high-quality educational tools and emphasises that the deployment of new AI systems in schools should not widen the digital divide in society; calls on the Commission to examine how to implement these systems, particularly in the most vulnerable educational establishments and in depopulated areas with no or poor Internet access;
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Draws the Commission's attention to the risks inherent in the use of new digital technologies in primary and secondary education, and even in preschooling; recalls that minors should be given special protection in relation to the digital content to which they are likely to be exposed, and in relation to the use that new technologies, such as artificial intelligence, may make of their personal data, especially in schools or educational activities; stresses that the use of digital resources in education has produced documented negative effects on pupils’ attention, development and capabilities; calls therefore on the Commission to limit the deployment of artificial intelligence to higher education and research in cases where learners would be liable come into contact with it;
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Urges the Commission to preserve and promote the plurality of reference theories upon which to base the development of AI systems;
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Underlines the importance of training highly skilled professionals in this area, including ethical aspects in their curriculums, and supporting underrepresented groups in the field; as well as creating incentives for highly skilled professionals to seek work within the European Union;
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Highlights the increasing need to ensure mutual recognition of a minimum level of professional qualifications on AI skills across the EU, as several member states are upgrading their educational offer with AI-related skills and putting in place specific curricula for AI developers; stresses the need for them to be in line with the assessment list of the Ethical Guidelines for Trustworthy AI; calls on the Commission to build on its own proposal in the White Paper on AI, in order to put forward a framework in this sense;
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Calls on the Commission to establish a method whereby the manufacturers of devices that use AI can control content by means of a data tag or a similar means of providing information which allows users to make free and informed decisions, given that many pupils will be minors whose access to certain unsuitable content must be restricted on account of their age;
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new) 2b. Expresses concern over the use, in some local areas, of AI applications for remote biometric identification purposes; points out that the use of intrusive surveillance technologies, particularly in high-risk sectors such as education, may infringe fundamental rights as it implies the use of sensitive data;
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 b (new) 2 b. Urges Member States which have not done so to modernise their education systems with a stronger emphasis on STEAM subjects in order to secure schoolchildren with the minimum necessary skills needed in an increasingly digital society;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to unequal access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice;
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Paragraph -1 d (new) -1 d. Whereas recommendation algorithms and personalised marketing have the potential to improve the consumers’ experience, but come with risks such as selective presentation of content based on gender or other grounds, ever more extreme content presented in order to increase the time spent on the platform and a selective presentation of news;
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to unequal access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice; calls for this data to be
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3.
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3.
Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to unequal access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice; calls for this data to be shared with the relevant public authorities so it can be used in the development of curricula and pedagogical practices (in particular since these services are purchased with public money or offered to public education providers for free, and because education is a common good); stresses the importance of inclusion of multiple AI providers in order to facilitate competition and widen consumer choices; encourages open source systems in order to foster innovation and advances in the EU;
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to unequal access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice; calls for this data to be accessible, interoperable and of high quality, and to be shared with the relevant public authorities so it can be used in the development of curricula and pedagogical practices (in particular since these services are purchased with public money or offered to public education providers for free, and because education is a common good);
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to further fragmentation of the internal market, unequal access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice; calls for this data to be shared with the relevant public authorities so it can be used in the development of curricula and pedagogical practices (in particular since these services are purchased with public money or offered to public education providers for free, and because education is a common good);
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to unequal access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice; calls for this data to be shared with the relevant public authorities, in the privacy compliant manner, so it can be used in the development of curricula and pedagogical practices (in particular since these services are purchased with public money or offered to public education providers for free, and because education is a common good);
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to unequal access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice; calls for this data to be shared with the relevant public authorities and monitored by them, so it can be used in the development of curricula and pedagogical practices (in particular since these services are purchased with public money or offered to public education providers for free, and because education is a common good);
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically; expresses its concerns that telecommunication infrastructures in some regions across the European Union are lacking, which limits the accessibility to products and services that rely on AI and calls on the Commission to deploy sustained efforts in ameliorating telecommunication infrastructures in such regions, particularly with regards to the public education sector;
Amendment 60 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that schools and other public education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by just a few technology companies; stresses that this may lead to unequal and insufficient access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice; calls for this data to be shared with the relevant public authorities so it can be
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Expresses its concern that
Amendment 62 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Stresses that the dependence created in this way on a small number of educational technology players is liable to harm many suppliers, equipment producers or participants, both in the physical resources sector and among producers of knowledge, including as regards the previous generation of IT tools; stresses that it could also lead to unfair differentials in access to data and limit competition by restricting consumer choice, as these risks also arise in the field of culture; calls for this data to be shared with the relevant public authorities so that it can be used in the development of curricula and teaching methods (in particular since these services are purchased with public money or offered to public education providers for free, and because education is a public asset);
Amendment 63 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Recalls the fundamental role played by human beings in passing on knowledge and the risk of a digital divide in access to digital educational content;
Amendment 64 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Stresses the need for governments and educational institutions to rethink and rework educational programmes to prepare learners and consumers for the increasing presence of AI in all aspects of human activity;
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Urges the Commission to combat market practices resulting in unjustified monopolisation of data collection and restrictions on data access in the field of educational technology services; calls on the Commission to ensure fair access to data for all companies, in particular SMEs and cultural and creative companies, which play an essential role in sustaining social cohesion and cultural diversity in Europe as well as democratic values;
Amendment 66 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3b. Considers therefore that the use of AI in the acquisition of knowledge and skills is a tool, access to which should be made available to as many people as possible in order to avoid aggravating existing inequalities;
Amendment 67 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of putting in place a proper framework for the public procurement of such services for the public sector, including for education providers, to ensure consumer choice and the respect of fundamental rights; stresses the need for public buyers to take into account specific criteria, such as non-discrimination and data privacy, and, specifically when purchasing services for public education providers, the involvement of educators and learners; calls for the implementation of a research and development plan for artificial intelligence focusing on education, knowledge and culture which can stop the brain drain and loss of skills from Europe; calls also for facilitation of the acquisition of cognitive skills and for the gulf that exists in our societies with regard to access to the means to acquire such skills to be reduced;
Amendment 68 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of putting in place a proper framework for the public procurement of such services for the public sector, including for education providers,
Amendment 69 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of putting in place a proper framework for the public procurement of such services for the public sector, including for education providers, to ensure consumer choice and the respect of fundamental rights; stresses the need for public buyers to take into account specific criteria, such as non-discrimination
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; highlights the added value of promoting public private partnerships to secure this objective and deploy the full potential of AI in the education, culture and audiovisual sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically; points out that the legal framework governing AI in the education sector should particularly provide for legally binding measures and standards to prevent practices from the different private and public actors involved that would undermine fundamental rights and freedoms, and to ensure the development of trustworthy, ethical and technically robust AI applications;
Amendment 70 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of
Amendment 71 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of
Amendment 72 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of
Amendment 73 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of putting in place a proper framework for the public procurement of such services for the public sector, including for education providers, creating level and fair playing field among AI solution providers to ensure consumer choice and the respect of fundamental rights; stresses the need for public buyers to take into account specific criteria, such as non-discrimination and data privacy, and, specifically when purchasing services for public education providers, the involvement of educators and learners;
Amendment 74 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of putting in place a proper framework for the public procurement of such services for the public sector, including for education providers, to ensure maximum transparency, consumer choice and the respect of fundamental rights; stresses the need for public buyers to take into account specific criteria, such as non-discrimination, environmental sustainability and data privacy, and, specifically when purchasing services for public education providers, the involvement of educators and learners;
Amendment 75 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of putting in place a proper framework for the public procurement of such services for the public sector, including for education providers, to ensure consumer choice and the respect of fundamental rights; stresses the need for public buyers to take into account specific criteria, such as non-discrimination
Amendment 76 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Stresses the importance of putting in place a proper framework for the public procurement of such services for the public sector, including for education providers, to ensure consumer choice and the respect of fundamental rights; stresses the need for public buyers to take into account specific criteria, such as diversity, non- discrimination and data privacy, and, specifically when purchasing services for public education providers, the involvement of educators and learners;
Amendment 77 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) Amendment 78 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Recalls the importance of promoting, encouraging and supporting in a tailored and inclusive manner a level of media, digital and information literacy that enables the competent and critical consideration of and use of algorithmic systems;
Amendment 79 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Encourages the establishment of guidelines for AI public procurement in order to ensure accountability, transparency and sustainability;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically; stresses the importance of this deployment for reskilling and upskilling the European labour market, and particularly those of the culture and audiovisual sectors, which will be severely impacted by the COVID crisis;
Amendment 80 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 Amendment 81 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 Amendment 82 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the unreliability of the current automated means of removing illegal content from online platforms on which audiovisual content is shared; calls for a ban on generalised moderation and automated content filters; stresses the key requirements of AI applications such as accountability including auditability and reporting of negative impacts; emphasizes that transparency should also include traceability and explainability of the relevant systems; reminds, that AI applications must adhere to internal and external safety protocols which should be technically accurate and robust in nature; this should extend to operation in normal, unknown and unpredictable situations alike;
Amendment 83 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the unreliability of the current automated means of removing illegal content from online platforms on which audiovisual content is shared
Amendment 84 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines th
Amendment 85 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines th
Amendment 86 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines th
Amendment 87 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5.
Amendment 88 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5.
Amendment 89 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Notes that the Commission has proposed to rapidly deploy products and services that rely on AI in areas of public interest and the public sector; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically and leads towards improving and benefiting the public sector; recognizes the need to integrate digital tools, services and products such as robotics and machine learning; recognises that children are vulnerable group in terms of influencing their behaviour; emphasises that AI applications in the education sector must be applied reasonably with adequate safeguards and human-centric approach;
Amendment 90 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the unreliability of the current automated means of removing illegal content from online platforms on which audiovisual content is shared;
Amendment 91 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the
Amendment 92 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the unreliability of the current automated means of removing illegal content from online platforms on which audiovisual content is shared;
Amendment 93 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the unreliability of the current automated means of removing illegal
Amendment 94 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Underlines the unreliability of the current automated means of removing illegal content from online platforms on which audiovisual content is shared; calls for a ban on generalised moderation and automated content filters to prevent the dissemination of illegal content on online platforms;
Amendment 95 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) Amendment 96 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Calls for a level playing field and fair balance between audiovisual service providers and online platforms;
Amendment 97 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5 b. Stresses the importance of the human oversight on the deployment of AI technologies in order to guarantee the respect of the human rights, ethical principles and correct use of algorithms to avoid unfair bias; recalls that EU funding should in particular support AI solutions that are in line with the Ethics Guidelines;
Amendment 98 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation algorithms and personalised marketing on audiovisual platforms, including video streaming platforms and news platforms, to be transparent, in order to give consumers insight into these processes and ensure that personalised services are not discriminatory; stresses the need to guarantee and properly implement the right of users to opt out from recommended and personalised services
Amendment 99 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Calls for recommendation algorithms and personalised marketing on audiovisual platforms, including video streaming platforms and news platforms, to be transparent, in order to give consumers insight into these processes and ensure that personalised services are not
source: 650.362
2020/05/27
LIBE
69 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that the use of AI in the education, culture and audiovisual sectors
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Recalls that AI may give rise to biases and thus to various forms of discrimination
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Recalls that AI may give rise to biases and thus to various forms of discrimination; in this regard, recalls that everyone’s rights must be ensured and that AI initiatives that lead to discriminatory processes should not be allowed; emphasizes that AI technologies should aim at not reflecting any sort of profiling bias whether regarding any identity, race, age, colour, gender or sexuality or disability;
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Recalls that AI may give rise to biases and thus to various forms of discrimination; in this regard, recalls that everyone’s rights must be ensured and that AI initiatives that lead to discriminatory processes should not be allowed; notes, however, that AI initiatives can also be used positively to counter traditional forms of discrimination including lack of access to services;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Recalls that AI may give rise to biases and thus to various forms of discrimination, especially where the training data used for machine-learning and AI is already biased in that it reflects existing discrimination in society; in this regard, recalls that everyone’s rights must be ensured and that AI initiatives that lead to discriminatory processes should not be allowed;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Calls on the Commission to consider how AI initiatives can be used specifically to improve the quality of life and access to services for persons living with disabilities in line with the objectives laid out in the EU Accessibility Act and to enable more inclusion;
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-powered education brings a wide range of possibilities and opportunities, while at the same time posing risks regarding equal access to education and learning equalities; expresses its concerns about lacking telecommunication infrastructures in some regions across the European Union, which limits the accessibility to the internet and calls on the Commission to deploy sustained efforts in ameliorating telecommunication infrastructures, particularly with regards to the public education sector; calls for the non- discriminatory use of AI in the education sector; recalls the risks and discrimination arising from recently developed AI tools used for school admission;
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-powered education brings a wide range of possibilities and opportunities, while at the same time posing risks regarding equal access to education and learning equalities; calls for the non-discriminatory use of AI in the education sector;
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-powered education brings a wide range of possibilities and opportunities, while at the same time posing risks regarding equal access to education and learning equalities; calls for the non-discriminatory use of AI in the education sector; recalls the risks and discrimination arising from recently developed AI tools used for school admission; underlines the importance of working with AI technology providers to address persistent loopholes that facilitate discrimination;
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that the use of AI in the education, culture and audiovisual sectors should respect fundamental rights, freedoms and values as enshrined in the EU Treaties and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union; welcomes the Commission’s White Paper on Artificial Intelligence in this regard, and invites the Commission to include the educational sector, limited to areas posing significant risks, in the
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-powered education brings a wide range of possibilities and
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-powered education brings a wide range of possibilities and opportunities, while at the same time posing risks regarding equal access to education and learning equalities at increasingly younger age with vulnerable and historically disadvantaged; calls for the non-discriminatory use of AI in the education sector; recalls the risks and discrimination arising from recently developed AI tools used for school admission;
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-powered education brings a wide range of possibilities and
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Stresses that artificial intelligence can reproduce and accentuate discriminatory processes ; requests that special attention be paid to this problem when designing and maintaining artificial intelligence; therefore recommends to ensure that the teams that design, develop, test and maintain, deploy and procure these systems, reflect the diversity of uses and society in general, and that they are diverse in terms of gender, culture and age to reflect all the essentials elements of society and avoid prejudice;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Points out that digital technologies and their use can help to bridge the gap between pupils from privileged and disadvantaged social and economic backgrounds by providing access to adequate learning opportunities;
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Recalls that AI initiatives can be complementary to traditional teaching methods and emphasises the importance of training teachers and educators, especially those responsible for under-age students, in the correct use of AI in education;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Underlines the need of a proper assessment of the AI tools used in the educational sector, in order to identify the impact that these tools can have on the rights of the children;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3 b. Notes that the technological industry includes a considerable number of start-ups working with AI and developing AI technologies; underlines that Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) will require additional support to ensure that their operations comply with data protection law and European data protection standards due to the disproportionate burden of regulation they bear because of their size;
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3b. Notes that, while AI has created new career opportunities, significant skills shortages still exist; welcomes, therefore, the moves by the Commission to involve everyone in the development of AI, including as many women as possible and those with disabilities, and to arouse interest among young people and encourage them to study AI-related subjects in addition to those relating to their career aspirations;
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Welcomes the Commission’s plan to update the Digital Education Action Plan in order to make
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that the use of AI in the education, culture and audiovisual sectors should respect fundamental rights, freedoms and values as enshrined in the EU Treaties and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union; welcomes the Commission’s White Paper on Artificial Intelligence in this regard, and invites the Commission to consider whether to include the educational sector in the future regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications;
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Welcomes the Commission’s plan to update the Digital Education Action Plan in order to make better use of data and AI-based technologies so as to make educational systems fit for the digital age; stresses that general public awareness of AI at all levels, including awareness of AI risks relating to privacy and bias, is essential for preparing everyone to make informed decisions; points out in this respect, the importance of making AI more explainable, comprehensible and transparent in order to ensure the effectiveness, usefulness and fairness of the AI-based technologies;
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Welcomes the Commission’s plan to update the Digital Education Action Plan in order to make better use of data and AI-based technologies so as to make educational systems fit for the digital age; stresses that general public awareness of AI at all levels, including awareness of AI risks relating to privacy and bias, is essential for preparing everyone to make informed decisions; recalls that educating the public to ensure proper skills should be viewed as a prerequisite before the widespread use of AI, especially for children and vulnerable peoples;
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Welcomes the Commission’s plan to update the Digital Education Action Plan in order to make better use of data and AI-based technologies and Calls on the Commission, Member States and other stakeholders, both public and private, to closely cooperate on necessary reforms in the educational sector so as to make educational systems fit for the digital age; stresses that general public awareness of AI at all levels, including awareness of AI risks relating to privacy and bias, is
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Welcomes the Commission’s focus on advanced skills while reiterating the importance of the basic skills; welcomes the upcoming update of the Skills Agenda in terms of everyone benefiting from the EU digital transformation; calls on the Commission to clarify the definition of AI skills in relation to digital skills; underlines the importance to diversify the technology sector and encourage students, in particular girls, to enrol in STEM courses;
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Stresses that next generation digital infrastructure and internet coverage are of strategic significance for providing AI-powered education to European citizens; in light of the COVID19crisis, calls on the Commission to elaborate a strategy for a European 5G that ensures Europe’s strategic resilience and is not dependent on technology from states who do not share our values;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 b (new) 4 b. Emphasises the urgent need to ensure basic digital skills for all European citizens, allowing for equal social and economic opportunities, avoiding gender inequalities, accelerating the transition to a digital economy, and society and increasing Europe’s crisis resilience;
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Recalls that data protection and privacy can be particularly affected by AI; defends the principles established in the General Data Protection Regulation as guiding principles for AI deployment; calls for stronger protection and safeguards in the education sector where children’s data are concerned; recalls that children constitute a vulnerable public, which deserves particular attention and protection; strongly believes that AI technologies pose a risk regarding collection of individual data of students and teachers in particular, which could breach their human rights; recommends in this sense that audiovisual recording and monitoring devices should not be used in schools to collect data for AI- related purposes;
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Recalls that data protection and privacy can be particularly affected by AI; defends the principles established in the General Data Protection Regulation as guiding principles for AI deployment; calls for stronger protection and safeguards in the education sector where children’s data are concerned; calls on the Commission to support the Member States in setting up awareness and information campaigns that can help parents to better understand how their children's data is being used and processed for different purposes;
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Recalls that data protection and privacy can be particularly affected by AI;
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Recognises the threat that automation and AI might pose to employment and reiterates the need to maintain jobs as a priority, particularly in education, cultural and creative sectors;
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that the use of AI in the education, culture and audiovisual sectors
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Calls on the European Commission to take into account the role data plays in concentrating market power in competition assessments, including antitrust and merger decisions.
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Underlines the need for explicability of AI algorithms and the possibility of human verification and for due process, including the right of appeal, especially for decisions taken within the framework of prerogatives of public power; urges the Commission to ensure that systems and methods are in place to allow verification of the algorithm and access to remedies;
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Underlines the need for explicability of AI algorithms and the possibility of human verification and for due process, including the right of appeal, especially for decisions taken within the framework of prerogatives of public power; notes that the terms and conditions should always include the community guidelines as well as the procedure of appeal;
Amendment 43 #
6. Underlines the need for explicability of AI
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Underlines the need for full transparency and explicability of AI algorithms and the possibility of human verification and for due process, including the right of appeal, especially for decisions taken within the framework of prerogatives of public power;
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Underlines the need for transparency and expl
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Underlines the clear risks of daily exposure to digital data largely generated by impenetrable algorithms, leaving both adults and young people vulnerable to harmful online content; notes that critical thinking and the ability to interact with skill and confidence in the online environment are needed more than ever;
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls on the Commission to assess the risks of AI assisting the spread of disinformation in the digital environment and to propose recommendations, among others, for action against any AI-powered threats to free and fair elections and democracy; underlines that AI is also involved in the spread of disinformation about the Covid-19 pandemic; calls on the Commission to develop a regulatory framework that does not lead to censorship of individual content uploaded by users of social networks, but addresses the ways in which the content moderation algorithms are optimised towards engagement of their users; is seriously concerned that such optimisation favours content that is more outrageous and triggers more emotions, therefore giving a disadvantage to truthful and sober content;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 7. Calls on the Commission to assess the risks of AI assisting the spread of disinformation and deep fakes in the digital environment
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 – indent 1 (new) - Such independent audits should be conducted annually, in analogy with the financial sector, to examine whether the used AI-applications and checks and balances are in accordance with specified criteria and are supervised by an independent sufficient overseeing authority;
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 7 a (new) 7 a. Stresses that an assessment is also needed in order to identify how the AI can be used to counter disinformation, taking into account that the technology used to create a fake news is also the one which can be used to detect it;
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Notes that AI tools have the potential to fight illegal content online, but strongly recalls, ahead of the Digital Services Act expected for the end of this year, that such tools should always respect fundamental rights, especially freedom of expression, and should not lead to a general monitoring of the internet; stresses that algorithms should be used only as a flagging mechanism in content moderation, subject to human intervention, as AI is unable to reliably distinguish between legal, illegal and harmful content;
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Notes that AI tools
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Notes that AI tools have the potential to fight illegal content online, but strongly recalls, ahead of the Digital Services Act expected for the end of this year, that such tools should always respect fundamental rights, especially freedom of expression, and should not lead to a general monitoring of the internet; nor to the removal of material disseminated for education, journalistic, artistic or research purposes;
Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Notes that AI tools have the potential to fight illegal content online in order to let the principle what is illegal offline is illegal online prevail, but strongly recalls, ahead of the Digital Services Act expected for the end of this year, that such tools should always respect fundamental rights, especially freedom of expression, and should not lead to a general monitoring of the internet;
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Notes that AI tools have the potential to fight illegal content online, but strongly recalls, ahead of the Digital Services Act expected for the end of this year, that such tools should always respect fundamental rights, especially freedom of expression and information, and should not lead to a general monitoring of the internet;
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 8. Notes that AI tools have the potential to fight illegal content online, but strongly recalls, ahead of the Digital Services Act expected for the end of this year, that such tools
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 a (new) 8 a. Notes that AI is used to analyse or predict aspects concerning individual's personal preferences, interests or behaviour, for profiling; Emphasises that the quality of output of automated decision making AI is subject to the quality of used data and the chosen predetermined parameters; Stresses that the use of automated decision making AI requires a strong legislative framework which protects privacy and personal data, and together with a duty of care obligation overseeing the legitimate use of the AI, that does not apply to content moderation, ensures full compliance; Calls therefore on the Commission to work out a duty of care regime through detailed sectoral guidelines in order to use automated decision making algorithms in compliance with the fundamental rights of protection of personal data and privacy, laid down in the General Data Protection Regulation1a; _________________ 1aRecital 71 and article 22 General Data Protection Regulation
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 a (new) 8 a. Encourages the audiovisual service providers's access to audience data on the use of their content and services when offered on third-party platforms, without prejudice to regulation on data protection and privacy, in order to adequately assess the performance of their service and to better serve audiences.
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 a (new) 8 a. notes that the immersive experiences facilitated by AI technologies can unfortunately also be exploited by malicious actors; calls on the Commission to anticipate this in proposing recommendations to adequately safeguard against the use of these technologies for illegal purposes;
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Acknowledges the transformative potential of AI in developing increasingly effective education tools; calls on the Commission to propose an ambitious and more integrated European education agenda that takes into account AI- powered learning; highlights that, with adequate protection of fundamental rights and against biases, AI-powered learning can help bring education to disadvantaged communities, persons with disabilities, and other categories of European citizens lacking proper access to education, leading to a more inclusive society;
Amendment 60 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 8 b (new) 8 b. Calls on the Commission and Member States to support the use of AI in the area of digitalised cultural heritage
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 9. Notes the benefits and risks of AI in terms of cybersecurity and emphasises the need for any AI solutions to be resilient to cyberattacks while respecting EU fundamental rights, especially the protection of personal data and privacy; calls on the Commission to evaluate the need for better prevention in terms of cybersecurity and mitigation measures thereof.
Amendment 62 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 a (new) Amendment 63 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 a (new) 9a. Stresses the importance of promoting a better grasp of the fundamentals of digitalisation and AI by imparting the necessary skills at every level of education, focusing in particular on AI and robotics, on the availability of more high-quality ICT programmes for further education and on software reliability and security;
Amendment 64 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 a (new) 9 a. Calls on the Commission and Member States to allocate scientific and financial resources to motivate and attract talented people in AI sector to both come and stay working in the EU;
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 b (new) 9 b. Observes that AI is used to manipulate face- and audiovisual characteristics, often referred to as deepfakes; Notes that this technique can be used to manipulate elections, to disseminate disinformation and for other undersirable actions; Asks the Commission therefore to impose an obligation for all deepfake material or any other realistically made synthetic videos, to state it's not original and a strict limitation when used for electoral purposes;
Amendment 66 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 b (new) 9b. Notes that AI will have a major impact in cyberspace and play a very useful part in combating cybercrime; stresses the importance of monitoring the safe use of AI and the need for close collaboration between the public and private sectors to counter user vulnerabilities and the dangers arising in this connection;
Amendment 67 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 c (new) 9 c. Emphasises the importance of the protection of personal data and privacy; Observes the rapid development of AI applications to recognise unique characteristic elements, such as facial, movements and attitudes; Warns for interferences of privacy, non- discrimination and the protection of personal data with the use of automated recognition applications; Calls on the Commission to consider an absolute ban on facial recognition in the public space and educational premises and a ban on not local storage of data used for facial recognition;
Amendment 68 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 d (new) 9 d. Reckons the possibilities of AI in the culture sector to develop music, art and other cultural expressions; Emphasises that the freedom of expression is an important freedom and value and a pluriform cultural landscape is of great value to the society; Calls on the Commission to keep these values in mind while drafting its proposals on AI;
Amendment 69 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 9 e (new) 9 e. Recalls the importance of linguistic and cultural diversity in the EU and they key role played by the cultural, audio-visual and educational sectors in promoting European diversity; Calls therefore on the Commission to not let AI algorithms reduce this diversity, but to keep offer access to a wide variety of content which would not over-represent a single language and/or cultural model and to condemn any attempts from algorithms which would restrict this diversity and only offer content corresponding to some already existing patterns or which could act as an 'echo- chamber' that would prevent access to more diversity;
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Emphasises that the rapid development of AI requires a strong futureproof legislative framework to protect personal data and privacy; Stresses therefore in this regard that all AI applications need to fully respect Union data protection law, namely Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council (GDPR)1a and Directive (EC) 2002/58 of the European Parliament and of the Council (ePrivacy)1b currently under revision, freedom of expression and non- discrimination; _________________ 1aRegulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation) (OJ L 119, 4.5.2016, p. 1). 1bDirective 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications) (OJ L 201, 31.7.2002, p. 37).
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Underlines that the benefits of AI should be shared with all parts of the society, leaving no one behind. Stresses, in this regard, the need to fully take into consideration the specific needs of the most vulnerable categories, such as children, persons with disabilities, elderly people and other groups at risks of exclusion, when designing and developing AI tools;
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1 b. Notes that AI is often used for automated decision making algorithms to disseminate and order the content shown to the users, including to organise their personal feed; Stresses that these algorithms, how they work and how they order the shown material, are a black box to users, which takes away choice and control from the user, enables the creation of echo chambers and leads to a distrust in digital services; Calls on the Commission to compel AI applications to offer content by default in a neutral order, and to increase user control to influence the content they see by default;
source: 652.492
2020/06/05
FEMM
80 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas gender equality is a core principle of the European Union enshrined in the Treaties, and should be reflected in all EU policies, not least in education, culture and the audiovisual; and the development of disruptive technologies such as Artificial Intelligence;
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas artificial intelligence systems are increasingly being developed to be more human-like, which is also affected by our image of gender equality; whereas AI designers modify AI systems based on their own human perception and world of experience; whereas developers of artificial intelligence systems and applications often have a similar background, are mostly male, usually well-paid and have often completed the same technical training; whereas the proportion of women and minorities in the development of artificial intelligence systems is very low; whereas gender inequalities and discrimination have been reproduced through the design, input and use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems; whereas incomplete datasets and incorrect bias can distort the reasoning of an AI system, and jeopardise gender equality in society;
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas the media and the cultural sectors have considerable influence in shaping people’s beliefs, values and perception of reality and thus have the ability to perpetuate and amplify gender inequalities and discrimination
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas gender inequalities and discrimination
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas gender inequalities and discrimination have been reproduced through the design, input, development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) systems; whereas incomplete datasets and incorrect bias can distort the reasoning of an AI system, and jeopardise the achievement of gender equality in society;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Recital C Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Recital C C. whereas gender inequalities are also created and replicated through the language and images disseminated by the media and AI-powered applications; whereas education, culture programmes and audiovisual contents are a fundamental tool for combatting gender stereotypes and therefore clear monitoring and an ethical and regulatory framework must be in place ahead of implementing automatized solutions for these key sectors of society;
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Recital C C. whereas gender inequalities are also created and replicated through the language and images disseminated by the media and AI-powered applications; whereas gender stereotypes are repeated, especially in the gaming industry and in the use of digital sound assistants; whereas education, culture programmes and audiovisual contents are a fundamental tool for combatting gender stereotypes;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Recital C C. whereas gender inequalities are also created and replicated through the language and images disseminated by the media and AI-powered applications; whereas education, culture programmes and audiovisual contents are a fundamental tool for combatting gender stereotypes and establishing strong role models;
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Recital C C. whereas gender inequalities are also created and replicated through the language and images disseminated by the media and AI-powered applications; whereas education, culture programmes and audiovisual contents are a fundamental tool for combatting gender stereotypes and the digital gender divide;
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Recital C C. whereas gender inequalities
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas gender equality is a core principle of the European Union enshrined in the Treaties, and should be reflected in all EU policies, not least in education, culture and the audiovisual, these being key channels for changing attitudes and challenging stereotypes;
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas science and innovation can bring life-changing benefits, especially for those who are furthest behind – such as women and girls living in remote areas; whereas scientific education is important for obtaining skills, decent work, and jobs of the future, as well as to break gender stereotypes that regard them as stereotypically masculine fields; whereas science and scientific thinking are key to democratic culture, which in turn is fundamental for advancing gender equality;
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Recital C a (new) Ca. whereas AI should not be used to influence in any way opinions, perceptions or the exercise of free will by individuals;
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas women are significantly underrepresented in the AI sectors, either as creators, developers or consumers; whereas the full potential of women’s skills, knowledge and qualifications in the digital, AI and ICT (information, communication and technology) fields can contribute to boosting the European economy; whereas globally only 22 % of AI professionals are female; whereas the lack of women in AI development not only increases the risk of bias, but also deprives the EU of talent, vision and resources, and is therefore an obstacle to innovation; whereas gender diversity enhances female attitudes in teams, and team performance and favours the potential for innovation in public and private companies;
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas women are significantly underrepresented in the AI sectors, either as creators or consumers; whereas the full potential of women’s skills, knowledge and qualifications in the digital, AI and ICT (information, communication and technology) fields can contribute to boosting the European economy and raise awareness of women's needs in connection with these tools; whereas globally only 22 % of AI professionals are female; whereas the lack of women in AI development not only increases the risk of bias, but also deprives the EU of talent, vision and resources, and is therefore an obstacle to innovation;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Recital D D.
Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Recital D D. whereas women are significantly underrepresented in the AI sectors, either as creators or consumers; whereas the full potential of women’s skills, knowledge and qualifications in the digital, AI and ICT (information, communication and technology) fields, along with their re- skilling, can contribute to boosting the European economy; whereas globally only 22 % of AI professionals are female; whereas the lack of women in AI development not only increases the risk of bias, but also deprives the EU of talent, vision and resources, and is therefore an obstacle to innovation;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Recital D a (new) Da. whereas digital voice assistants are mainly programmed as young women; whereas companies make a profit by pleasing their customers and justify the use of the female voice by the fact that customers prefer the female voice and they get more profit by using a female voice; whereas research findings do not support this view; whereas digital voice assistants have been shown to respond to messages comparable to sexual harassment often to a lesser extent; whereas the responses of voice assistants to sexual harassment are based on their programming; whereas the programmed responses of voice assistants to sexual harassment perpetuate a sexist and distorted image of women;
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Recital D a (new) Da. whereas the EU is facing an unparalleled shortage of women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) careers and education given that women account for 52% of the European population, yet only account for 1 in 3 of the STEM graduates; whereas despite the positive trend in the involvement and interest of females in STEM education, the percentages remain insufficient, especially considering the importance of STEM related careers in an increasing digitalized world;
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Recital D a (new) Da. whereas past experiences in many technical fields, such as medicine, car safety design and others, have shown us that developments and innovations are often based mainly or solely on male data and that has had negative effects, including death, for women[1].[1] D’Ignazio/Klein, Data Feminism, MIT Publications, March 2020
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Recital D b (new) Db. whereas cyber harassment remains a huge concern in the development of artificial intelligence in education, whereas significant amounts of people have been victims of new forms of online sexual and psychological harassment during the COVID19 period including zoom-bombing, stalking or threats online; whereas major part of the workplaces, including the EU institutions, did not implement any measures to address these new forms of sexual and psychological harassment;
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas gender equality and respect for difference is a core principle of the European Union enshrined in the Treaties, and should be reflected in all EU policies, not least in education, culture and the audiovisual;
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Recital D b (new) Db. whereas in the European Union 1 in every 10 women (10%) has already suffered some form of cyberviolence since the age of 15; whereas cyberviolence is often directed at women daring to speak out, like activists, women politicians and other public figures; whereas AI, and other emerging technologies, can play an important role in preventing cyberviolence against women and girls and educating people;
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1.
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Considers that AI has great potential to promote gender equality provided that the already existing conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated;
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Considers that AI has
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Considers that AI has great potential to promote gender equality provided that conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated; stresses the need for AI to respect the principles and values of equality and non-discrimination between women and men; stresses, further, the importance of a risk-based approach, transparency, accountability and of continuous monitoring of existing and new algorithms;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Considers that AI has great potential to promote gender equality
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Considers that AI has great potential to promote gender equality provided that conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated; stresses the need for AI to respect the principles and values of equality and non-discrimination between women and men; stresses, further, the importance of a risk-based approach and of continuous monitoring of existing and new algorithms and of monitoring of the results of their work;
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Considers that AI has great potential to promote gender equality provided that conscious and unconscious bias are eliminated; stresses the need for AI to respect the principles and values of equality and non-discrimination between women and men; stresses, further, the importance of a risk-based approach and of continuous monitoring of
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Takes the view that AI must serve users and should not on any account be used to alter individuals' perceptions, ways of thinking or exercise of free will in any way;
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and AI, and the adoption of a multi-level
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas gender equality is a core principle of the European Union enshrined in the Treaties, and should be reflected in all EU policies,
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and AI, and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector; recognises that gender stereotyping, cultural discouragement and the lack of awareness and promotion of female role models hinders and negatively affects girls' and women´s opportunities in ICT, STEM and AI related studies, careers and entrepreneurship, and leads to discrimination and fewer opportunities for women in the labour market;
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and AI, and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector; and to promote a culture of workplaces in technology workplaces towards gender equality working conditions and working practices, which will also lead to the development of more gender-diverse and inclusive technology products and applications using artificial intelligence;
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and AI, and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector; stresses the importance of increasing the number of women trained and employed in AI, which will contribute to women's participation in shaping reality, as well as to reducing the risks associated with the creation of so-called 'biased algorithms';
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and AI, at combatting sexism in particularly male dominated work environments such as of AI and programming and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector;
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and AI, and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education and employment in the digital sector, while respecting the different choices that men and women make;
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) and AI, and the adoption of a multi-level approach to address the gender gap in all levels of education, with particular emphasis on primary education, and employment in the digital sector;
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Calls for policies targeted at increasing the participation of women in the fields related to science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), AI and
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Calls on the European Commission in respect of the obligation of gender mainstreaming and ahead any further legislation or policy to develop a comprehensive gender analysis on the potential impacts of AI in all sectors, including media, culture and education, in order to assess the risks and outline recommendations to correct potential negative gender equality outcomes for individuals and the society as a whole;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2a. Emphasises the cross-sectoral nature of gender based discrimination, rooted in conscious or unconscious gender bias, covering the education sector, the portrayal of women in the media and advertising on-screen and off- screen, and the responsibility of the public and private sector in proactively recruiting, developing and retaining women talent and instilling an inclusive business culture;
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls on the Commission and Member States to take into account AI from a gender perspective when developing policy and legislation, and, if necessary, adapt current legislation, including EU programmes; encourages Member States to enact a strategy to promote the presence of females in STEM, ICT and AI related studies and careers in relevant existing national strategies to achieve gender equality. These strategies should aim at increasing gender equality by focusing on education and qualifications, better work-life balance, equal opportunities, non- discrimination in the labour market, raising awareness of gender bias across all relevant sectors, and increasing the visibility of female role models, among others; urges the Commission to address the gender gap in STEM, ICT and AI related careers and education, and set it as a priority of the Digital Skills Package in order to promote the presence of women in all education levels, as well as in the upskilling and reskilling of the labour force;
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Recital A A. whereas gender equality is a core principle of the European Union enshrined in the Treaties, and should be reflected in
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls on the Commission and Member States to
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls on the Commission and Member States to take into account AI from a gender perspective when developing policy and legislation
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Calls on the Commission and Member States to take into account
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Calls on the Commission and Members States to provide appropriate funding to programmes aimed at attracting more girls and women to study and work in STEM; urges the Commission and Member States to set up programmes that finance women and girls who start AI-related projects or companies in the education, culture and audiovisual sectors; asks the Commission and Member States to grant a privileged access to funds to companies in the education, culture and audiovisual sectors that are gender balanced; encourages the Commission and Member States in public procurement procedures regarding the education, culture and audiovisual sectors to review the selection criteria used to check if they are male biased; stresses that the Commission and Member States should provide appropriate funding for the development of AI solutions that prevent and fight cyberviolence against women and girls and help educate young people;
Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Recognises that producers of AI solutions must make a greater effort to test products thoroughly in order to anticipate potential errors impacting vulnerable groups; calls for work to be stepped up on a tool to teach algorithms to recognise disturbing human behaviour, which would identify those elements that most frequently contribute to discriminatory mechanisms in the automated decision-making processes of algorithms;
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Underlines the importance of ensuring that the interests of women experiencing multiple forms of discrimination, marginalised and vulnerable groups are adequately taken into account and represented in any future regulatory framework; Notes with concern that marginalised groups risk of suffering new technological, economic and social divides with the development of AI;
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Calls for specific measures to tackle cyber violence; calls for binding legislative measures to combat these forms of violence and to support Member States in the development of training tools for the police force, the justice system and the information and communication technology sector;
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3b. Considers that AI product testing system documentation should be open access and respect intellectual property rights, so that non-governmental organisations and academics can carry out independent audits; points out that users must always be informed when an algorithm has been used to make a decision concerning them, particularly where the decision relates to access to benefits or to a product;
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and Member States to devise policy measures that fully incorporate the gender dimension, such as awareness-raising campaigns, training and curricula, which should provide information to citizens on how algorithms operate, and their impact on citizens’ daily lives; highlights that genderless images of AI and robots should be used for educational and cultural purposes, unless gender is a key factor for some reason; urges the Commission and Member States to include digital skills and AI training in the school curricula and make them mandatory for all, as a way to close the digital gender divide;
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and Member States to devise policy measures that fully incorporate the gender dimension, such as awareness-raising campaigns, training and curricula, which should provide information to citizens on how algorithms operate, and their impact on citizens’ daily lives
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digitalisation is fundamentally transforming our reality and the basis on which it is being shaped and regulated today will highly influence our future societies; whereas the lack of diversity in designing and financing AI is concentrating an increasingly large amount of power and capital in the hands of a select subset of people, which tend to be white, wealthy, highly-educated male and to underrepresent women and discriminated groups; whereas the development of AI under these circumstances have a high risk of perpetuating or even increasing gender and other inequalities; whereas there is a need to advocate for a human centred approach anchored in human rights and ethics for the development and use of AI;
Amendment 60 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and Member States to
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Calls on the Commission and Member States to devise
Amendment 62 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Considers essential for the achievement of gender equality to build a comprehensive sexuality and relationship education, which includes the fight against cyber violence, online sexual harassment as well as against online objectification, hypersexualisation and sexual exploitation of women;
Amendment 63 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Highlights the importance of the development and deployment of AI applications in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sectors in collecting more accurate and
Amendment 64 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Highlights the importance of the development and deployment of AI applications in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sectors in collecting more accurate and sex-disaggregated data, and applying modern machine learning de- biasing techniques, if needed, to correct stereotype gender bias, which may have negative impacts; highlights that one the most critical weaknesses of AI relates to the different types of biases it is subject to, such as gender, race or sexual orientation, as a result of already inherent human biases;
Amendment 65 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Highlights the importance of the development and deployment of AI applications in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sectors in collecting more accurate and sex-disaggregated and other equality data, and applying modern machine learning de-
Amendment 66 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Highlights the importance of the development and deployment of AI applications in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sectors in collecting more accurate and sex-disaggregated data, and applying modern machine learning de- biasing techniques, if needed
Amendment 67 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Stresses, given the highly sensitive nature of the data concerning pupils, students and other learners, the need for appropriate conformity assessments to verify and ensure that all the provisions concerning high-risk applications are complied with, including test, inspection and certification requirements; emphasises that data sets used to train AI systems should be reviewed to ensure that they are reliable and accurate, to avoid reinforcing gender stereotypes and other biases based on gender, ethnic and racial origin, religion or beliefs, disability, age or sexual orientation;
Amendment 68 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Notes that for the purpose of analysing the impacts of algorithmic systems on citizens, access to data should be extended to appropriate parties notably independent researchers, media and civil society organisations, while fully respecting Union data protection and privacy law;
Amendment 69 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Calls on the Commission to include education in the regulatory framework for high-risk AI applications given the importance of ensuring that education continues to contribute to the public good and given the high sensitivity of data on pupils, students and other learners; emphasises that in the education sector, this deployment should involve educators, learners and wider society and take their needs and the expected benefits into account in order to ensure that AI is used purposefully and ethically;
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Recital A a (new) Aa. whereas gender equality is a core principle of the European Union enshrined in the Treaties, and should be reflected in all EU policies, not least in education, culture and the audiovisual, as well as in the development of disruptive technologies such as Artificial Intelligence; whereas significant gender bias remains in existing social norms in sectors such as education, audiovisuals and culture;
Amendment 70 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Expresses concern at the use, in some local areas, of AI applications for remote biometric identification purposes; points out that the use of intrusive surveillance technologies, particularly in high-risk sectors such as education, may infringe fundamental rights, as it involves the use of sensitive data;
Amendment 71 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new) 5c. Calls on the Commission to encourage the use of EU programmes such as Horizon Europe, Digital Europe and Erasmus+ to promote multi- disciplinary research, pilot projects, experiments, development of tools including training, for the identification of gender biases in AI, and awareness raising campaigns for the general public;
Amendment 72 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the need for diverse teams of developers and engineers working alongside the main actors in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sector in order to prevent gender and cultural bias being inadvertently included in AI algorithms, systems and applications. urges the Commission to preserve and promote the plurality of reference theories on which the development of AI systems is based;
Amendment 73 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Stresses th
Amendment 74 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the need for diverse teams of developers and engineers working alongside the main actors in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sector in order to prevent gender
Amendment 75 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 6. Stresses the need for diverse teams of developers and engineers working alongside the main actors in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sector in order to prevent
Amendment 76 #
6a. Stresses the need for training for AI workers and educators to promote the ability to identify and correct gender- discriminatory practices in the workplace and in education, and for workers developing AI systems and applications to identify and remedy sexism and gender in AI systems and applications they develop; and to establish clear responsibilities in companies and educational institutions to ensure that there is no discrimination or sexism based on gender in the workplace and educational institutions;
Amendment 77 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Recalls that algorithms and AI should be "ethical by design", with no built-in bias. Media organizations should be informed about the main parameters of algorithm-based AI systems that determine ranking and search results onto third-party platforms. Likewise, users should be informed about any use of AI for decision-making in services they use and should be empowered to set their privacy setting preferences via transparent and understandable measures, directly at the service provider level;
Amendment 78 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 a (new) 6a. Points out that taking due care to eliminate bias and discrimination against particular groups, including gender stereotypes, should not halt technological progress;
Amendment 79 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 b (new) 6b. Calls on the Commission to support research funding aimed at identifying and eradicating the causes of responses of digital voice assistants that underestimate the sexual harassment towards them; to end the practice of making digital voice assistants women by default and to encourage the development of gender-neutral voice assistants;
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Recital B Amendment 80 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 6 c (new) Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Recital B B. whereas gender inequalities
source: 652.604
2020/06/25
JURI
62 amendments...
Amendment 1 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies are a tool to serve the people and that algorithmic systems can enable access to information, including listings of different kinds of cultural objects; notes the risks of intellectual property rights (IPR) infringement when blending AI and different technologies with a multiplicity of sources (documents, photos, films) and calls for the use of AI to ensure a high level of IPR protection within the current legislative framework, for example by alerting individuals and businesses if they are in danger of inadvertently infringing the rules or assisting IPR rightholders if the rules are actually infringed;
Amendment 10 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Reiterates the importance of access to culture for every citizen throughout the Union; highlights in this context the importance of the exchange of best practices among member states, educational facilities and cultural institutions and similar stakeholders; further considers it of vital importance that resources available both at EU- as well as national level are used to the maximum of their potential to further improving access to culture; stresses that there are a multitude of options to access culture and all varieties should be explored in order to consider the most appropriate option; highlights the importance of consistency with the Marrakech declaration;
Amendment 11 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Calls on the European Commission to realise the full potential of artificial intelligence (AI) for the purposes of improving communication with citizens, through cultural and audiovisual online platforms for example, keeping them informed of what is happening at decision-making level, narrowing the gap between the EU and the grass roots and promoting social cohesion between EU citizens;
Amendment 12 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1a. Points out that AI technologies pose a danger as regards the collection of the personal data of pupils and teachers in particular, which could constitute a violation of their fundamental rights; recommends, therefore, that audiovisual recording and monitoring devices not be used in schools to collect data for AI- related purposes;
Amendment 13 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Highlights that education, culture and the audio-visual sector are areas sensitive to the use of AI and related technologies since they have the potential to impact our societies and the fundamental rights they uphold; contends therefore that legally binding ethical principles should be observed in their deployment, development and use;
Amendment 14 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1 b. notes how artificial intelligence and related technologies may be used in developing or applying new methods of education, i.e. language learning, academia overall, specialised learning, etc.;highlights the importance not only of using such technologies for educational purposes but also digital literacy and public awareness of the former;stresses the importance of providing educators, trainers, etc. with the right tools and know-how with regards to AI- and related technologies in terms of what they are, how they are used and how to use them as tools properly and according to the law, so as to avoid IPR-infringements; highlights in particular the importance of digital literacy for staff working in education, as well as improving digital training for the elderly, considering that newer generations already have a basic notion of these technologies, having grown up with them;
Amendment 15 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1b. Calls on the European Commission, the Member States and the business community to actively and fully exploit the potential of AI in providing the facts and combating fake news, disinformation, xenophobia and racism on cultural and audiovisual online platforms, while at the same time avoiding censorship;
Amendment 16 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 b (new) 1 b. Emphasises that European artificial intelligence should safeguard and promote core values of our Union such as democracy, independent and free media and information, quality education, environmental sustainability, gender balance and cultural and linguistic diversity;
Amendment 17 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 c (new) 1c. Notes that the independence of the creative process raises issues related to ownership of intellectual property rights; considers, in this connection, that it would not be appropriate to seek to impart legal personality to AI technologies;
Amendment 18 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 d (new) 1d. Notes that AI can play an important role in promoting and protecting our European and national cultural diversity, especially when used by audiovisual online platforms in promoting content to customers;
Amendment 19 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes
Amendment 2 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies are a tool to serve the people in many walks of life, including the audiovisual, cultural and educational sectors and that algorithmic systems can enable access to information, including listings of different kinds of cultural objects; notes the risks of intellectual property rights (IPR) infringement when blending AI and different technologies with a multiplicity of sources (documents, photos, films); emphasises in this connection the need for continued reflection on the interactions between the use of AI in these sectors and intellectual property rights;
Amendment 20 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes
Amendment 21 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes that AI could
Amendment 22 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 2. Notes that AI could redefine research by studying patterns in
Amendment 23 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 2 a (new) 2 a. Notes the important role, which independent media plays in culture and daily life of citizens; stresses that fake media is a fundamental problem, as copyright and IPR's generally are consistently infringed upon; calls for the Commission to, in cooperation with Member States, continue its work on raising awareness for this problem, countering the effects of fake media as well as the source problems; furthermore, considers it of importance to develop educational strategies to improve digital literacy, specifically in this regard;
Amendment 24 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 Amendment 25 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-improved image recognition software could vastly enhance the ability of educational facilities and relevant actors to provide and develop modern and innovative schooling methods while ensuring quality sources and respecting the protection of IPRs, as well as ensure the safety of children and minors both within educational facilities and when connected remotely within an educational context; highlights the importance of privacy and data protection legislation; stresses in this regards the dependence of the Union on external data and software providers; considers it vital, that these technologies are only integrated into the existing systems if the protection of fundamental rights and privacy are an absolute given;
Amendment 26 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI
Amendment 27 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-improved image recognition software could vastly enhance
Amendment 28 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-
Amendment 29 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-improved
Amendment 3 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies, which always involve a certain level of human intervention, are a tool to serve the people and
Amendment 30 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI-improved image recognition software could vastly enhance the ability of educational facilities and relevant actors to provide and develop modern and innovative schooling methods while ensuring quality sources and respecting the protection of IPRs, provided that this does not serve as a pretext for doing away with schooling methods based on human intervention by a teacher who is physically present;
Amendment 31 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 3. Notes that AI
Amendment 32 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 – point a (new) (a) Notes that due to the significance that the AI could have in the education scenery, it is necessary a rigorous legal basis covering all digital tools to facilitate and enhance teaching activities thought aspects such as reporting educational contents or the improvement of teacher- student ratio.
Amendment 33 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Recalls that in the Continental European understanding of authorship, the concept of 'intellectual creation' is tied to the author's personality, meant to apply to natural persons, and therefore artificial agents such as robots and artificial intelligence shall not be considered as authors, and information produced by them shall not be eligible to copyright protection; considers that the authors’ fragile position and often low remuneration should not be further accentuated by new categories of copyrightable works generated by Artificial Intelligence technologies which would compete with human artistic creation; rejects the concept of data ownership and stresses the need for enhancing access to and use of non- personal data;
Amendment 34 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Notes that, if the use of AI is to benefit the education and research sector, the EU must encourage training in the skills of the future, in particular an ethical and responsible approach to AI technologies; adds, with that aim in view, that this training must not be reserved for pupils focusing on scientific and technical subjects, who are already more familiar with these tools, but must instead target as many people as possible, in particular in the younger generations;
Amendment 35 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Stresses that the need for investment in research and innovation regarding the use and development of AI and its cultural, educational and audiovisual applications is a key consideration in this respect; calls on the European Commission to find additional funding to promote research and innovation regarding artificial intelligence applications in these sectors.
Amendment 36 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3a. Expresses serious concern that schools and other education providers are becoming increasingly dependent on educational technology services, including AI applications, provided by companies with a dominant market position most of which are based outside the EU;
Amendment 37 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 a (new) 3 a. Underlines the need to ensure EU- wide digital and AI literacy, namely through the development of training opportunities for teachers; insist that the use of AI technologies in schools should contribute to narrow down the social and regional digital gap.
Amendment 38 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3 b. Highlights that the COVID-19 pandemic crisis can be considered as a probation period for the development and use of digital and AI related technologies in the educational and cultural sectors, as exemplified by the many online schooling platforms and online tools for cultural promotion employed across the Member States; thus calls on the Commission to take stock of those examples when considering a common EU approach to the increased use of such technological solutions;
Amendment 39 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 b (new) 3b. Points out that data protection and privacy can be particularly seriously affected by AI; advocates compliance with the principles laid down in the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR);
Amendment 4 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines th
Amendment 40 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 3 c (new) 3c. Calls on the Commission to take more effective steps to protect the personal data of pupils and teachers in the education sphere;
Amendment 41 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Emphasises th
Amendment 42 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Emphasises that the interaction between AI and the creative industries is complex and requires an in-depth assessment; welcomes the ongoing study ‘Trends and Developments in Artificial Intelligence - Challenges to the IPR Framework’ and the ‘Study on Copyright and New technologies: copyright data management and Artificial Intelligence’; underlines the importance of clarifying the use of copyright-protected content as data input (images, music, films, databases etc.) and in the production of cultural and audio-visual outputs, by or with the assistance of AI technologies; invites the Commission to study its impact on the European creative industries; reiterates the importance of European data and welcomes the statements made by the Commission in this regard and the placement of artificial intelligence and related technologies high on the agenda;
Amendment 43 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Emphasises that the interaction
Amendment 44 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 4. Emphasises that the interaction between AI and the creative industries is complex and requires an in-depth assessment; welcomes the ongoing study ‘Trends and Developments in Artificial Intelligence - Challenges to the IPR Framework’ and the ‘Study on Copyright and New technologies: copyright data management and Artificial Intelligence’; underlines the importance of clarifying the conditions of use of copyright-protected content as data input (images, music, films, databases etc.)
Amendment 45 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4 a. Stresses that in the data economy context, better copyright data management is achievable, for the purpose of better remunerating authors and performers, notably in enabling the swift identification of the authorship and right ownership of content, thus contributing to lowering the number of orphan works; further highlights that AI technological solutions should be used to improve copyright data infrastructure and the interconnection of metadata in works, but also to facilitate the transparency obligation provided in Article 19 of the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market for up to date, relevant and comprehensive information on the exploitation of authors’ and performers’ works and performances, particularly in the presence of a plurality of rightholders and of complex licensing schemes;
Amendment 46 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 a (new) 4a. Emphasises that automated means of removing copyrighted works that are posted without authorisation on online platforms on which audiovisual content is shared should be standardised at EU level to ensure that they function properly for the benefit both of users and of copyright- holders;
Amendment 47 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 4 b (new) 4 b. Stresses the need to work on the most efficient way of reducing bias in AI systems, in line with ethical and non- discrimination standards; underlines that data sets used to train AI should be as broad as possible in order to represent society in the best relevant way, that the outputs should be reviewed to avoid all forms of stereotypes, discrimination and biases and when appropriate, make use of AI to identify and correct human biases when that might exist; calls on the Commission to encourage and facilitate the sharing of de-biasing strategies for data;
Amendment 48 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5.
Amendment 49 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 5. Asks the Commission to assess the impact of IPR to the research and development of AI and
Amendment 5 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies are a tool to serve
Amendment 50 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 – point a (new) (a) Highlights the future role that the inclusion of AI-based technological tools should have in the conservation, disclosure and heritage control, just as in the associated research projects.
Amendment 51 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 – point b (new) (b) Stresses the significance that the proposals for legal measures have for a global and unified access to AI in all different artistic and cultural sectors.
Amendment 52 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Stresses the need to strike a balance between, on the one hand, the development of AI systems and their use in the educational, cultural and audiovisual sectors and, on the other, measures to safeguard competition and market competitiveness for AI companies in these sectors; emphasises in this regard the need to encourage companies to invest in the innovation of AI systems used in these sectors, while at the same time ensuring that those providing such applications do not obtain a market monopoly;
Amendment 53 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) Amendment 54 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Asks the Commission to assess the impact of AI and AI related technologies in creating new audio-visual works such as deep fakes and to establish the appropriate legal consequences attached to their creation, production or distribution for malicious purposes.
Amendment 55 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5a. Notes that automation and the development of AI could pose a threat to employment, and emphasises once again that priority must be given to safeguarding jobs, in particular in the education, culture and creative sectors;
Amendment 56 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 a (new) 5 a. Calls on the Commission to launch an EU-level education plan on digital and AI literacy, in coordination with Member States, with a particular focus on school students and youth;
Amendment 57 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5 b. Calls on the Commission to consider the legal aspects of AI- technologies produced outputs, as well as cultural content generated with the use of AI and related technologies; considers it important to support the production of cultural content; reiterates however the importance of safeguarding the unique IPR-framework of the Union and that any changes ought to be done with the necessary due care , in order to not disrupt the delicate balance; calls on the Commission to produce an in-depth assessment with regards to the possible legal personality of AI-produced content, as well as the application of IPR to AI- generated content, as well as content created with the use of AI-tools;
Amendment 58 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5 b. Calls on the Commission to establish requirements for the procurement and deployment of artificial intelligence and related technologies by EU public sector bodies, to ensure compliance with Union law and fundamental rights, and highlights the added value of instruments such as public consultations and impact assessments to be run prior to the procurement or deployment of artificial intelligence systems, as recommended in the Report of the Special Rapporteur to the UN General Assembly on AI and its impact on freedom of opinion and expression1a; _________________ 1aReport of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, https://undocs.org/A/73/348
Amendment 59 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 b (new) 5b. Calls on the Commission to lay down rules designed to guarantee effective data interoperability, in order to make content purchased on a platform accessible on any digital tool irrespective of make;
Amendment 6 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies
Amendment 60 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new) 5 c. Emphasises that challenges brought by the use of artificial intelligence and related technologies can only be overcome by establishing data quality obligations, transparency and oversight requirements, in order to enable the public and authorities to assess the compliance with Union law and fundamental rights; anticipates the Commission’s proposals following its communication on a European strategy for data1a as regards the sharing and pooling of datasets. _________________ 1aCOM(2020) 66 final, https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/co mmunication-european-strategy-data- 19feb2020_en.pdf
Amendment 61 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new) Amendment 62 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 5 c (new) 5c. The ban on imposing a locked proprietary ecosystem for the use of digital products. In order to make for genuine data interoperability, digital products must be in open formats so as to allow users to export to different digital environments.
Amendment 7 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1.
Amendment 8 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 1. Underlines that artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies
Amendment 9 #
Draft opinion Paragraph 1 a (new) 1 a. Highlights that consistent integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education sector has the potential to face some of the biggest challenges of education, to come up with innovative teaching and learning practices, and finally, to accelerate the progress towards achieving sustainable development goals in order to accomplish with the 2030 Agenda for Education.
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2020-01-22Show (1) Changes
committees/0/shadows/1 |
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